www.pasco.com

Electrostatics – Van de Graaff Generator

248

Order Information:

Order Information:

Van de Graaff Generator, High Voltage ........................................................SE-8691

Electric Plume ...................................................SE-7232

Discharge Sphere .........................................SE-7231

Electric Whirl .......................................................SE-7233

Replacement Supplies:

Replacement Belt .........................................SE-7355

Van de Graaff Generator, High VoltageSE-8691

A Large Sphere Creates Higher Voltage

A Sparks up to 35 cm in Length

A Large Size Ideal for Demonstrations

The High Voltage Van de Graaff Generator features a 25 cm diameter sphere which can generate approximately 400,000 Volts. The size of the sphere, the rounded edges of the sphere and the height of the sphere from the demonstration table contribute to the high voltages generated.

Its large size, long sparks and high voltages make it ideal for use in larger rooms or lecture halls. An extra belt is included.

Discharge SphereSE-7231

This 25 cm sphere is supported on a Lucite column with a cast iron base. Includes cabling for connection to the Van de Graaff Generator or to a ground.

Electric WhirlSE-7233

When held near the sphere of the generator, the spokes are propelled by charge leaving the points.

The lightweight ribbons are connected to a stand which rests on top of the Van de Graaff Generator. As the generator operates, the rib-bons stand on end due to the repulsive force between their like charges.

Electric PlumeSE-7232

Dimensions:Sphere diameter: 25 cmOverall height: 74 cm

Replacement Belt.........................................SE-7355

Van de Graaff Replacement Belt

Electrostatics – Charge

249

Order Information:

Order Information: Order Information:

Electroscope .....................................................SF-9069

Classic Electrostatics Materials Kit ......................................................SF-9068

Classic Electrostatics Materials KitSF-9068

Providing the classic introduction to electrostatics, this kit allows students to rub any of the three rods with rubbing cloths to produce a positive or negative charge. Place the rods on the insulated pivot stands to investigate electrostatic forces.

Includes:Three rods (acrylic, glass, PVC)

Two insulated pivot stands

Three rubbing cloths (wool, silk, fur)

ElectroscopeSF-9069

When this Electroscope is charged, the conductive rod rotates to indicate charge magnitude. The shield ring is 15 cm in diameter and can be grounded with banana plug connectors (not included).

Includes:Charge Sampler: For transferring charge to the Electroscope

Capacitor Plates (5.6 cm dia.): For testing charges without depositing them on the Electroscope

Discover Charge SetES-8086

A Explore the Bipolar Nature of Charge

A Experimentally Rank Materials within the Triboelectric Series

The Discover Charge Set provides students with a collection of materials to explore the nature of static charge. By rubbing two sheets of material together, electrons are transferred from one material to the other. Students then hold each of the charged materials near a charged indicator to discover the direction of charge flow. Using this information, the materials can be ranked within the triboelectric series by rubbing with each of the materials in the set.

Negatively charged tape is used as an indicator to verify the

material’s charge.

Discover Charge Set ..............................................................................................................................................ES-8086

Included Materials:Teflon

Styrene

Polyester

Wool

PVC

Each material sheet measures 15 cm x 10 cm.

Rub two sheets together to transfer charge from one sheet to the other.

www.pasco.com

Electrostatics – Electrostatics Systems

250

Order Information:

Order Information:

Basic Electrometer ...................................ES-9078

Basic Electrostatics SystemES-9080A

Basic ElectrometerES-9078 Features

Center-Zero Meter. Polarity is indicated directly.

3, 10, 30 and 100 VDC Switch-Selectable Ranges. LED lamps indicate the range in use.

Zeroing Switch. For removing all charge from the input and bringing the meter to zero.

Automatic Shutoff. Unit turns off about three hours after being used.

Output Compatible with ScienceWorkshop Interfaces. For recording data or producing a demonstration-sized meter display.

Battery Operation. Uses four “AA” cells (included). Range indicator lights flash when batteries need to be replaced.

Included Cables. Shielded input cable for connecting the Electrometer to the Faraday Ice Pail or other source of charge; grounding cable with clip; ScienceWorkshop interface cable.

Instruction and Experiment Manual.

A Quantitative Electrostatics

A Comprehensive ExperimentManual Included

A Individual or Demonstration Use

Basic Electrostatics Systems ...........................................ES-9080A

Recommended:

Charge, Equipotential and Field Mapper ..........ES-9060 p. 252

Includes:ES-9078 Basic Electrometer

ES-9057C Charge Producers and Proof Plane

ES-9042A Faraday Ice Pail and Shield

ES-9059C Conductive Spheres, 13 cm

Connector for Shielded Input Cable

Range Adjustment SwitchAdjust the sensitivity to match the experiment.

On/Off Switch

Grounding Jack

Zero Button

Quantitative ReadoutReadout in volts can be calibrated for units of charge.

Direct Polarity IndicationCentered zero scale shows both positive and negative charges.

Signal Output To computer interface.

Range Indicator LEDs

The PASCO Basic Electrometer is a quantitative electroscope, measuring the polarity and magnitude of charged objects. With almost infinite input resistance (1014 ohm), the Electrometer is a high impedance voltmeter, draining almost no charge from the object it is measuring.

The PASCO Basic Electrostatics System includes all the components necessary for a quantitative investigation into the basics of electrostatics. With this integrated set of equipment, students can study:

A Production of charges,equal and opposite

A Charge by induction

A Principle of the Faraday Ice Pail

A Charge transfer

A Charge distribution in electric fields

A Capacitors and the Q=CV relationship

A Moving charges and current ES-9061 Conductive Shapes

ES-9079 Basic Variable Capacitor

ES-9077 Electrostatics Voltage Source

Experiment Manual

Electrostatics – Electrostatics Systems

251

Order Information: Order Information:

Order Information:

Order Information:

Order Information:

Order Information:

Charge Producers and Proof Plane .....................................................ES-9057C

Conductive Spheres............................ES-9059C

Electrostatics Voltage Source ...................................................................ES-9077

This variable, parallel plate capacitor permits a quantitative investigation of the Q=CV relationship. Two 18 cm diameter plates allow the capacitance to be varied from 225 pF to zero by sliding the movable plate in its 28 cm long track. The sliding plate has adjustment screws to make the plates parallel to each other. Electrical connection studs are located on each plate.

A BNC connector cable is provided for connection to an Electrometer.

This compact unit is ideal for performing experiments in electrostatics. It may be used as a source of charge or to maintain an object at a constant potential. Since the current required for such applications is small (on the order of nanoamps), high megohm resistors (120 MΩ per kV) are placed in series with each output.

Output voltages are 1000, 2000 and 3000 VDC, allowing students to make quantitative investigations of how voltage affects charge density on spheres, capacitor plates, etc. A 30 VDC source is also provided for experiments with capacitors. Banana plug to spade lug connecting cables are included.

Basic Variable CapacitorES-9079

Electrostatics Voltage SourceES-9077

The Charge Producers create equal positive and negative charges when rubbed together. The Proof Plane samples the charge density from a charged object. The charge can then be measured using the Electrometer and Faraday Ice Pail.

Charge Producers and Proof PlaneES-9057C

Conductive SpheresES-9059C

These Conductive Spheres (two per set) can be used to store charge or investigate the charge distribution on one or two spherical conductors. A terminal on the bottom of each sphere provides a con-nec tion point for the power supply. Each sphere is attached to a heavy base (for stability) with an insulating rod. The spheres are 13 cm in diameter and 30 cm high.

Specifications

Output: 30, 1000, 2000, 3000 VDC ±3%, line regulated Resistance in Series with Output: 120 MΩ/kVOperating Voltage: 115/220, 50/60 HzAC Adapter: 9 VDC

Basic Variable Capacitor ...........................................................ES-9079

Faraday Ice Pail and ShieldES-9042A

With the Faraday Ice Pail, students can use the Electrometer to measure charge as well as potential. Touch the Proof Plane to the point of interest on the charged body, then place the Proof Plane inside the ice pail. The Electrometer reading will be directly proportional to the charge on the Proof Plane.

The Faraday Ice Pail is 10 cm in diameter and 15 cm deep. It is made of wire mesh, so it is easy to see what is going on inside. The outside shield has a diameter of 15 cm.

Faraday Ice Pail .........................................ES-9042A

Conductive Shapes ..............................ES-9061

Conductive ShapesES-9061

Use the ball end to sample inside the hollow sphere.

30 cm high

30 cm high

This set includes a conductive sphere with a hole in it: Demonstrate that static charge resides the outside surface of a conductive sphere by sampling the inside surface with the ball end of the proof plane (ES-9057C, shown at left).

Also included is an oblong shape for demonstrating the difference in charge densities on a large-radius surface versus a small-radius surface. The whole surface is at the same potential and students seem surprised to find that the charge density is greater on the smaller end.

www.pasco.com

Electrostatics – Charge/Field Mapping

252

Order Information:

Order Information:

Order Information:

Charge, Equipotential and Field Mapper ...................................ES-9060

Replacement Supplies:

Conductive Ink Pen ..............................PK-9031B (limited shelf life of six months; pen is not refillable)

Conductive Paper with grid (50 sheets, 23 x 30 cm) ...................PK-9025

Conductive Paper (no grid) (100 sheets, 30 x 43 cm) ................PK-9026

Charge, Equipotential and Field Mapper ES-9060

The Charge, Equipotential and Field Mapper is an excellent addition to the Basic Electrostatics System.

Draw any set of two-dimensional conductors with the conductive ink. Investigate the electric field and the equipotential field lines between and around the conductive paper to any shape. Charge it and investigate the distribution of charge on its surface.

Similar to the PK-9023 Field Mapper Kit, except it includes elec trom e ter probes, a “point charge” holder and larger sheets of con duc tive paper for in ves ti gat ing charge dis tri bu tions on con duc tive surfaces.

Includes:Conductive paper for mapping charge distributions; 30 x 45 cm (50 sheets)

Conductive paper with cm grid for mapping equipotentials and field gradients; 23 x 30 cm (100 sheets)

Pushpins (10), connecting wire (1) and electrometer probes (2)

Conductive ink pen and a circular template for drawing conductors

“Point charge” holder

Plastic tray with corkboard top; 32 x 48 cm

Manual with 13 experiments

Field Mapper Kit ...............PK-9023

Required:

Basic Digital Multimeter ................................SE-9786A p. 281 (or any voltmeter with at least a 10 M Ω input impedance)

Power Supply .......................SE-8587 p. 279 (or another low voltage DC power supply or battery)

Replacement Supplies:

Conductive Ink Pen ........................ PK-9031B (limited shelf life of 6 months; not refillable)

Conductive Paper with grid (50 sheets, 23 x 30 cm) ............. PK-9025

Conductive Paper (no grid) (100 sheets, 30 x 43 cm) .......... PK-9026

Field Mapper KitPK-9023

Special Conductive Ink PenThe PASCO Con duc tive Silver Ink Pen makes it easy to study field patterns. Draw over 60 meters of patterns with a single pen. Pen shelf life is six months. Not refillable.

How it Works With this kit students can map both the potentials and the electric fields around any conceivable system of two-dimensional charged conductors.The procedure is simple:

1. Draw any Electrode: Draw the electrode with the special, conductive silver ink pen. It is easy to use, dries quickly and there is no mess.

2. Plot the Equipotentials: Connect a battery or power supply across the electrodes, then use a voltmeter to locate the equi po-ten tial lines.

3. Plot the Electric Field: Tape voltmeter probes together, then hold one probe on the paper and rotate the other probe around it like a compass. The maximum voltage reading indicates the direction of the electric field.

Includes:Conductive paper with cm grid; 23 x 30 cm (50 sheets)10 pushpins; three wiresConductive ink pen and circular templatePlastic tray with corkboard top; 32 x 48 cmInstruction manual with 10 experiments

Storage TrayAfter the lab, everything stores neatly under the corkboard.

Conductive PenDraw any shaped charge electrode with this conductive ink pen.

Conductive PaperPrinted grid makes measurements easy.

Cork SurfaceUse pushpins to hold the paper during the experiment.

Typical Experiments

Check out the experiments at www.pasco.com

1. Dipoles of Like Charges 2. Dipoles of Opposite Charges 3. Parallel Plate Capacitor 4. Point Source and Guard Ring (cylindrical capacitor) 5. Floating Electrode Plus five more experiments.

Conductive Ink Pen ..............................PK-9031B

Electrostatics – Circuits

253

Order Information: Order Information:

Charge/Discharge Switch

Resistors

Light Bulbs

Batteries (not included)

1F Capacitor

Charge/Discharge Circuit .........................................................EM-8678 Recommended:#14 Light Bulbs (25 pack) .........................................................EM-8627 p. 260 Batteries AA (4 pack) .....................................................................PI-6601 p. 261

The Charge/Discharge Circuit offers a unique way to observe and measure the behavior of DC circuits including batteries, capacitors, light bulbs and resistors. It also includes an open slot to allow a component of choice to be inserted for further experimentation.

Experiment ExampleCharge the capacitor using batteries, then discharge through a resistor or light bulb. Students measure the voltage and current as the capacitor discharges, and can graph the relationship between volt-age and current for various components. See complete experiment on page 384.

Charge/Discharge CircuitEM-8678

Voltage vs. Current for a 33 Ω resistor, a 10 Ω resistor, and a light bulb. Note the

non-linearity for the bulb.

Includes:1 Farad Capacitor #14 Light Bulbs (3)10 Ω Resistor33 Ω Resistor100 Ω Resistor

Battery Holders (uses AA or AAA)

Double Throw Knife Switch

Instruction Manual

Relay .........................................................................CI-6462 Required:Digital Adapter .............................................PS-2159 PASPORT Interface .................................p. 6-23

RelayCI-6462

A Single-Pole Double-Throw Switch

A Activated by DataStudio or Xplorer GLX

A For Sense and Control Projects

This relay is a single-pole double-throw switch that is controlled by DataStudio or the Xplorer GLX for Sense and Control experiments. It is shown here with the EM-8678 Charge/Discharge Circuit, auto-matically turning on the light whenever the temperature above the bulb reads less than 25 °C.

The Relay is controlled through the Xplorer GLX calculator: The statement above means that the Relay is switched on and the light comes on when the temperature probe in port #1 of temperature sensor #1 reads below 25 °C.

The area under the power versus time graph is energy. 99 J of energy is delivered to the battery. During discharge, 51 J (52%) is delivered to the bulb.

Use your own rechargeable batteries to investigate the efficiency of energy storage and recovery.