R. & J. Ottens

Detail from:

Nieuwe Algemeene Kaart vanGroenland en Straet Davids naarde alle nieuwste ondekkingenint Licht gebracht

Amsterdam - 1745

J. Van Keulen II

Detail from:

Nieuwe wassendeZee Caart van deNoord Oceaen …

Amsterdam - 1745

W. J. Blaeu

Detail from:

Pascaarte van alle dezè-custen van Europa

Amsterdam - 1625

Laurie & Whittle

Detail from:

A New and Correct Chartfrom the 63º of Lat. N.to the Cape of Good Hopeand from the 71º Long. W.to the 36º E of London Exhibiting the Whole of theAtlantic or Western Ocean,and the Greatest Part of theEthiopic or Southern Ocean;wherein the RespectiveCoasts of Europe, Africa,and of America North andSouth, with all the Islandsand Dangers in the TwoSeas are carefully described.

The African Pilot

London – (1794) 1804

From: D.W. Waters, The Art of NavigationIn England in Elizabethan and EarlyStuart Times

Detail from: D.W. Waters, The Art ofNavigation In England in Elizabethanand Early Stuart Times

North Sea Bathymetry

Depths in meters (200 meters 100 fathoms)

Detail from J. van Keulen II - Nieuwe wassendeZee Caart van de Noord Oceaen …(Kimmen Line highlighted)Amsterdam - 1745

Title page from:

Waghenaer – The Mariners Mirrour(pirated English translation ofSpieghel der Zeevaert)

London - 1588

Verdun de la Crenne(Depot de la Marine)

Detail from:

Carte Réduite desMers du Nord

Paris - 1776

Nicholas de FerLes Costes aux Environs de la Riviere de Misisipi …Paris - 1802

Rigobert Bonne

Detail from: Carte de la Louisiane et de la Floride

Paris - 1780

Depot de la Marine (engraved by E. Collin) - Paris 1800

Detail from: Carte des Côtes du Golfe du Mexique Compris entre la Pointe Sud de la Presqu’Ilede la Floride et la Pointe Nord de la Presqu’Ile d’Yucatan

Depot de la Marine (engraved by E. Collin) - Paris 1800

Detail from: Carte des Côtes du Golfe du Mexique Compris entre la Pointe Sud de la Presqu’Ilede la Floride et la Pointe Nord de la Presqu’Ile d’Yucatan