Prof. Dr. Luc Louis Maurice Weckx Prof. Dr. Ronaldo Ramos ...
Prof. Sobir Prof. Muhamad Syukur Dr. Yudiwanti WEK
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Transcript of Prof. Sobir Prof. Muhamad Syukur Dr. Yudiwanti WEK
Title:Proceedings of SABRAO 13th Congress and International Conference
Compiler:Prof. SobirProf. Muhamad SyukurDr. Yudiwanti WEKDr. TrikoesoemaningtyasDr. Desta Wirnas
Editor:Yoni Elviandri, S.P
Layouter:Army Trihandi Putra, S.TP, Ardhya Pratama S.Ikom
Corrector:Dwi Murti Nastiti, S.Ikom
Number of Pages: 350 + 36 roman page
Edition:First Edition, August 2016
PT Penerbit IPB PressMembers of IKAPIIPB Science Park Taman KencanaJl. Taman Kencana No. 3, Bogor 16128Telp. 0251 - 8355 158 E-mail: [email protected]
ISBN: 978-979-493-958-1
Printed by IPB Press Printing, Bogor - IndonesiaIPB Printing is not responsible for any content distributed.
© 2016, ALL RIGHT RESERVEDNo part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or by any means, electronic, mechanical or photocopying without the prior formal permission of the authors.
Table of Contents
Foreword from the Chairman of the Organizing Committee .............................................v
Welcoming Address from the President of SABRAO ....................................................... vii
Table of Contents ............................................................................................................. ix
Schedule of the Conference ............................................................................................ xiii
The Organizing Committee .............................................................................................xv
List of Participants .........................................................................................................xvii
Oral Presentation Title List ..........................................................................................xxvii
Poster Presentation Title list .......................................................................................xxxiii
List of Papers
Functional Genomic and Molecular Based Breeding
Analysis of Partial DNA Sequences of Linamarase Gene on Roti and Menggalo Cassavas (Manihot esculenta Crantz.) Dewi Indriyani Roslim, Nur Ocvania, and Herman ......................................................... 1
Genetic Diversity and Sustainable Use of Genetic Resources
Probing Into the Misconception about the Reproduction System of Bali Salak Cultivars GG Hambali and A Natawijaya ...................................................................................... 11
Exploration and Collection of Saccharum Germplasm in Papua Bambang Heliyanto, Budi Santoso, Parnidi, M. Mahfud, Abdurrahman,Afrizal Malik, and Rully Hamidah .................................................................................. 15
Germplasm Exploration and Collection of Mango Adaptable to High Rainfall Season from Sumatera
Fitmawati and Nery Sofianti ........................................................................................... 25
A Preliminary Study of Garcinia malaccensis Collection in Taman Buah Mekarsari, Cileungsi, Bogor, IndonesiaGG Hambali and A Natawijaya ...................................................................................... 31
A Decade of Durian Breeding at Indonesian Tropical Fruits Research Institution Panca Jarot Santoso, Ni Luh Putu Indriyani, and Mizu Istianto ...................................... 37
Morphological Variability of Rice Germplasm in Indonesia and the Associated SNP MarkersPuji Lestari, Dwinita Wikan Utami, and Ida Rosdianti. .................................................. 51
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Genetic Diversity Analysis of Wheat Germplasm Collection of Indonesian Cereals Research Institute Using SSR MarkersAviv Andriani, Reflinur, and Marcia B Pabendon ............................................................ 71
Genetic Diversity in Indonesian Waxy Corn Inbred Lines Using SSR Markers Sigit Budi Santoso, Syafaruddin, and Marcia B Pabendon .............................................. 87
Phenotype Performance Evaluation on Mutation Induced Stevia (Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni) by Gamma Irradiation and Ethyl Methane SulphonateSuseno Amien and Muhammad Iqbal ............................................................................. 97
Genetic Diversity Analysis of Mungbean (Vigna radiata L.) from Riau Province basedon Morphological and Agronomic CharactersHerman, Rahma Dewi, Dewi Indriyani Roslim, and Aslim Rasyad .............................. 105
Evaluation of Cocoa Beans Quality Derived from Kolaka, Southeast SulawesiNur Kholilatul Izzah, Indah Sulistiyorini, and Rubiyo .................................................. 117
Genetic Improvement for Adaptation to Biotic and Abiotic Stress
Heat Stress Tolerance in Seeds of Japonica Rice Cultivar Under Treatment ofHot Water Disinfection MethodHadian Permana, Megumi Kashiwagi, Kazumasa Murata, Kiyonori Nakaoka, Tetsuya Yamada, and Motoki Kanekatsu .................................................................................. 127
Search for Tomato Hybrids Suited for High Temperature Stress Condition Kartikeya Srivastava, Sunil Kumar, HR Bhandari, and A Vaishampayan ....................... 137
QTL Identification for Reproductive-Stage Salinity Tolerance in Rice (Oryza sativa L.)Cecilia Diana O Calapit-Palao, Celia B de la Vińa, Michael J Thomson,and Rakesh Kumar Singh ............................................................................................ 151
Developing Bruchid Resistant Mungbean VarietiesRM Nair, M-R Yan, R Srinivasan, and R Schafleitner ................................................... 175
Improvement of Tolerance to Heat Stress in Rice Seeds Under Hot Water Disinfectionby Reducing Their Water ContentsMegumi Kashiwagi, Senri Ohishi, Kazumasa Murata, Kiyonori Nakaoka, Kenji Fujita, Hidenobu Ozaki, Hadian Permana, Tetsuya Yamada, and Motoki Kanekatsu ............... 181
Establishment Numbers of Salinity Tolerant Rice Varieties Ciherang, Inpari 13and Inpara 3 by Induced Mutation and In Vitro SelectionRossa Yunita, Nurul Khumaida, Didy Sopandie, and Ika Mariska ................................ 185
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Genetic Improvement for Productivity and Quality
Stability Analysis of Putative Mutant Soybean Lines (Glycine max (L.) Merr) in Four EnvironmentsNita Ekana’ul, Yudiwanti Wahyu, Desta Wirnas, and Evi Toding Tondok .................... 191
Combining Ability of Some Commercial Dura and Pisifera Oil Parents atImmature Stage in ThailandP Pengruang, P Tanya, P Taeprayoon, A Limsrivilai, S H Lee, and P Srinives ............... 201
Estimation of Combining Ability and Heterosis for Yield Component in Half Diallelof Local Tomatoes in LowlandGumelar RMR, Sutjahjo SH, Wirnas D, Herison C, Sulastri I, Nindita A,and Marwiyah S ........................................................................................................... 213
Challenges Facing Genetically Improving Underutilised Crops: Progress inBambara GroundnutAryo B Feldman, Sean Mayes, Presidor Kendabie, Ho Wai Kuan, Razlim A Halimi,Festo Massawe, and Sayed Azam-Ali ............................................................................. 223
Current Status on Oil Palm Breeding in IndonesiaEdy Suprianto, Nanang Supena, Yurna Yenni, Sri Wening, and Abdul Razak Purba ...... 231
Pedigree Selection of Red Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Offspring for New Plant Ideotype and High Protein ContentEtti Swasti, Andrianto, Nurwanita Ekasari Putri, and Aswaldi Anwar ........................... 241
Characteristic Stability Analysis of Eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) Genotypes Using Parametric and Non Parametric ApproachesFaradila Danasworo Putri, Sobir, Muhamad Syukur, and Awang Maharijaya ................ 249
Participatory Selection of Sweet Potato Based on Farmers Preferences in Banjar City,West Java, Indonesia Haris Maulana, M Divo Nugroho, Lucyana Trimo, and Agung Karuniawan ................ 265
Genotype X Environment Interaction and Stability for Grain Yield in Hybrids Rice Adapted to Different Environment in IndonesiaSatoto, Y Widyastuti, IA Rumanti, and BP Wibowo ..................................................... 273
The Use of Embryo Culture for Amylose Breeding of Rice Oryza sativa L.Taryono, Didi Hardjanto, and Nasrullah ...................................................................... 283
Genotypes X Environments Interaction of Rice Genotypes at Different Altitude Trias Sitaresmi, Nafisah, Cucu Gunarsih, Buang Abdullah, and Aan A Daradjat ........... 291
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Controlling Genetic Factors to Soybean Seed Storability Under Room Temperature ConditionsEny Widajati, Desta Wirnas, and Kade Ari Oktaviani ................................................... 299
Heritability of Rust Disease Resistance in F3-F4 Soybean Populations UsingVariance Component Analysis and Parent-Offspring Regression MethodApri Sulistyo and Sumartini .......................................................................................... 309
Detection of Traits and Genes Related to the Promotion of Root System Development in the Rice by Inoculation of BiofertilizerShungo Higuma, Motoki Kanekatsu, Tetsuya Yamada, and Tadashi Yokoyama ............. 317
Zn Content of Ultra Early Maturing Elite Rice Lines in Indonesia Untung Susanto, Wage R Rohaeni, and Ali Jamil .......................................................... 321
Others (Information Technology, Animal Breeding, Forest and Tree Breeding)
CTAB’s Modification: High-Quality Plant DNA Extraction of Tomato for PCRwith Heat Shock TreatmentEka Jan Virgin Haquarsum, Surjono Hadi Sutjahjo, Catur Herison, Rustikawati, Yudiansyah, and Siti Marwiyah ..................................................................................... 327
Characterization of Programmed Cell Death in Hybrid Tobacco Cells ExpressingHybrid LethalityNaoya Ueno, Saori Nihei, Naoto Miyakawa, Motoki Kanekatsu, Wataru Marubashi, Wouter G van Doorn, and Tetsuya Yamada .................................................................. 333
The Response of Three New Varieties of Red Pepper to Biofertilizer TreatmentsNeni Rostini, Farida Damayanti, Ade Ismail, Sudardjat, Reginawanti Hindersah,Arviandra Rizky Yoputro, Geusan WBN, and Rio Fernando ........................................ 339
Isolation and Characterization of Peat Soils Phosphate Solvent Bacteria in Giam Siak Kecil Biosphere Conservation-Bukit Batu, Bengkalis, Riau Hapsoh, Gusmawartati, and Di Ajeng Prameswari ........................................................ 345
List of Participants
Name Affiliation EmailAbbdelrehim Ahmed Ali
Agronomy Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Suez Canal University
Abdul Rahim Bin Harun
Agrotechnology and Biosciences Division, Malaysian Nuclear Agency
[email protected]//[email protected]
Abebe Megersa Diriba Department of Plant Science, Seoul National University
Ade Astri Muliasari Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Bogor Agricultural University
Adi Surya Ikhsan Biotechnology Department, Cukurova University
Ady Daryanto Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Bogor Agricultural University
Ae Seon Lee Gwangju Convention & Visitors Bureau
Afifuddin Latif Adiredjo
Agronomy Department, Brawijaya University
Agung Karuniawan Padjadjaran University [email protected] Sisi Handini Department of Agronomy and
Horticulture, Bogor Agricultural University
Andari Risliawati Indonesian Center for Agricultural Biotechnology and Genetic Research (ICABIOGRAD)
Andi Sauleka Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Bogor Agricultural University
Andi Wahyono PT BISI International Tbk [email protected] Sulistyo Indonesian Legumes and Tuber Crops
Research Institute (ILETRI)[email protected]
Arina Saniaty Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Bogor Agricultural University
Aris Hairmansis Indonesian Centre for Rice Research [email protected] Widura Ritonga Department of Agronomy and
Horticulture, Bogor Agricultural University
Aryo Benjamin Feldman
Crops For the Future [email protected]
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List of Participants
Name Affiliation EmailAwang Maharijaya Department of Agronomy and
Horticulture, Bogor Agricultural University
Azis Natawijaya Taman Buah Mekarsari [email protected] Kim Seoul National University [email protected] Heliyanto Indonesian Sweetened and Fibre Crops
Research [email protected]
Benni Situmorang Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Bogor Agricultural University
Bhalang Suriharn Deparment of Plant Science and Agricultural Resources, Faculty of Agriculture, Khon Kaen University
Camelia Rosianti Putri Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Bogor Agricultural University
Cucu Gunarsih Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Bogor Agricultural University
Dani Satyawan Seoul National University [email protected] Efendi Center for Tropical Horticulture
Studies, Bogor Agricultural [email protected]
Darmawan Saptadi Faculty of Agriculture, Brawijaya University
Debby Ustari ICABIOGRAD [email protected] Derajat Matra Tokyo University of Agriculture and
Desta Wirnas Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Bogor Agricultural University
Dewi Indriyani Roslim
Department of Biology, Riau University
Dewi Sukma Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Bogor Agricultural University
Didy Sopandie Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Bogor Agricultural University
Dwi Guntoro Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Bogor Agricultural University
xixProceedings of SABRAO 13th Congress and International Conference,September 14–16, Bogor, Indonesia
List of Participants
Name Affiliation EmailEdi Santosa Department of Agronomy and
Horticulture, Bogor Agricultural University
Edizon Jambormias Departement of Agriculture, Faculty of Agriculture, Pattimura University, Ambon, Indonesia.
Edy Suprianto Indonesian Oil Palm Research Institute [email protected] Jan Virgin Haquarsum
Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Bogor Agricultural University
Ellina Mansyah Indonesian Tropical Fruit Research Institute
Endah Retno Palupi Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Bogor Agricultural University
Eny Widajati Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Bogor Agricultural University
Erin Puspita Rini Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Bogor Agricultural University
Ery leonardo Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Bogor Agricultural University
Estriana Riti Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Bogor Agricultural University
Etti Swasti Agriculture Faculty, Andalas University [email protected] Koh Seoul National University [email protected] Lee Seoul National University [email protected] Danasworo Putri
Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Bogor Agricultural University
Faradila Median Rini Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Bogor Agricultural University
Ferra Anggita Agustina Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Bogor Agricultural University
Fitmawati Faculty Mathematic and Sains Riau University
Proceedings of SABRAO 13th Congress and International Conference,September 14–16, Bogor, Indonesia
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List of Participants
Name Affiliation EmailFitrah Ramadhan Department of Agronomy and
Horticulture, Bogor Agricultural University
Galuh Kusuma Wardhani
Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Bogor Agricultural University
Graham Eagleton KPT-Kebun Raya Bogor-LIPI [email protected]
Gregori Garnadi Hambali
Taman Buah Mekarsari, Cileungsi, Bogor, Indonesia
Hadian Permana Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology
Haneul Jeong Seoul National University [email protected] Faculty of Agriculture University of
Haris Maulana Agriculture Faculty, Padjadjaran University
Hee-Jong Koh Seoul National University [email protected] Safitri Indonesian Center for Rice Research [email protected] Syah Department of Biology, Riau University hermansyahdan@ymail.
comHidayati Fatchur Rohmah
Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Bogor Agricultural University
Ho Jun Joh Department of Plant Science, Plant Genomics and Breeding Institute, and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University
Hyun-Ju Jang Seoul National University [email protected] Lee College of Agriculture and Life
Sciences, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 305-764, Korea
Hyun-Su Park National Institute of Crop Science [email protected] Made Tasma ICABIOGRAD [email protected] Nou Department of Horticulture, Sunchon
National [email protected]
Indah Sulistiyorini Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Bogor Agricultural University
Indrastuti Apri Rumanti
Indonesian Center for Rice Research [email protected]
xxiProceedings of SABRAO 13th Congress and International Conference,September 14–16, Bogor, Indonesia
List of Participants
Name Affiliation EmailIndriati Husain Universitas Negeri Gorontalo [email protected] Yulianah Faculty of Agriculture, Brawijaya
Jabal Ashar Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Bogor Agricultural University
JaeBuhm Chun Crop Breeding Division, National institute of crop science(NICS)
Jayern Lee [email protected] Sanitchon Deparment of Plant Science and
Agricultural Resources, Khon Kaen University
Jong-Min Jeong National Institute of Crop Science RDA, Wan ju, Korea
Juanita Elina Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Bogor Agricultural University
Jun Hyeon Cho Department of Southern Area Crop Science, National Institute of Crop Science
Junghoon lee Department of Plant Science, Plant Genomics and Breeding Institute, and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University
Ju-Won Kang Department of Agronomy, Chungnam National University
Khairol Ismail Research Officers, MARDI, Malaysia [email protected] Kyoo Kang Dept. of Horticulture, Hankyong
National [email protected]
Kyu-Chan Shim [email protected] Kang Rice Research Dept. of National
Institute of Crop [email protected]
Lukita Devy Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Bogor Agricultural University
M Rauful Mizan Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Bogor Agricultural University
Maera Zasari Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Bogor Agricultural University
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List of Participants
Name Affiliation EmailMarina Yuniawati Department of Agronomy and
Horticulture, Bogor Agricultural University
Mega Dewi H. Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Bogor Agricultural University
Megumi Kashiwagi United Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology
Mi-Ok Woo National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration
Mohd Din Amiruddin Malaysian Palm Oil Board, Persiaran Institusi
Moon Young Kim Department of Plant Science and Research Institute for Agriculture and Life Sciences,Seoul National University
Motoki Kanekatsu Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology , Japan
MR Alfarabi Istiqlal Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Bogor Agricultural University
Muhamad Syukur Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Bogor Agricultural University
Muhammad Imam Surya
Cibodas Botanical Garden – Indonesian Institute of Sciences
Naoya Ueno Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology
Neni Rostini Agriculture Faculty of Padjadjaran University
Ni Made Armini Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Bogor Agricultural University
Nita Ekana’ul Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Bogor Agricultural University
Noraziyah Binti Abd Aziz Shamsudin
Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan
Nur Kholilatul Izzah Indonesian Industrial and Beverage Crops Research Institute
Nurul Hidayatun Indonesian Center for Agricultural Biotechnology & Genetic Resources
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List of Participants
Name Affiliation EmailNurwanita Ekasari Putri
Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Bogor Agricultural University
Panca Jarot Santoso Indonesian Tropical Fruit Research Institute, IAARD, Jl. Raya Solok-Aripan Km. 8, P.O. Box
Patcharin Tanya Dept. of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture at Kamphaeng Saen, Kasetsart University, Kamphaeng Saen, Nakhon Pathom 73140, Thailand
Peerasak Srinives Kasetsart University [email protected] Lontoh Department of Agronomy and
Horticulture, Bogor Agricultural University
Prakit Somta Department of Agronomy, Kasetsart University
Puji Lestari ICABIOGRAD [email protected] Alfi Department of Agronomy and
Horticulture, Bogor Agricultural University
Rahmi Henda Yani Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Bogor Indonesia, 16680
Rakesh Kumar Singh Plant Breeding, Genetics, and Biotechnology Division, International Rice Research Institute, Philippines
Ramakrishnan Madhavan Nair
AVRDC – The World Vegetable Center, South Asia, ICRISAT Campus, Patancheru
Ratih Wahyuni PT BISI International Tbk [email protected] Azman Halimi Crops For the Future (CFF) razlin.azman@cffresearch.
orgReflinur ICABIOGRAD [email protected] Indrayanti Sukardiono
Dept. Biologi, Universitas Negeri Jakarta
Respatijarti Atmadji Faculty of Agriculture, Brawijaya University
Rima Margareta Retnyo Gumelar
Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Bogor Agricultural University
Rossa Yunita Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Bogor Agricultural University
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List of Participants
Name Affiliation EmailRudy Soehendi Indonesian Ornamental Crop Research
Sandra Arifin Aziz Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Bogor Agricultural University
Sangnag Ahn Chungnam National University [email protected] Shim [email protected] Indonesian Center for Rice Research [email protected] Kumeran Govindasamy
Fakulti Pertanian, Universiti Putra Malaysia
Sherly Lapuimakuni Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Bogor Agricultural University
Shungo Higuma Graduate School of Agricultual Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology
Sigit budi santoso Indonesian Cereals Research Institute [email protected] H.T. Raharjo Faculty of Agriculture, Pattimura
Siti Marwiyah Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Bogor Agricultural University
Siti Nurhidayah Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Bogor Agricultural University
Sofyan Zaman Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Bogor Agricultural University
Sri Sunarti Indonesian Cereals Research Institute [email protected] Techawongstien
Faculty of Agriculture, Khon Kaen University Khon Kaen
Sudarsono Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Bogor Agricultural University
Suluh Nurmasiwi PERIPI [email protected] H Sutjahjo Department of Agronomy and
Horticulture, Bogor Agricultural University
Suseno Amien Faculty of Agriculture, University of Padjadjaran
Suskandari Kartikaningrum
Indonesian Ornamental Crop Research Institute
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List of Participants
Name Affiliation EmailSuyeon Ha [email protected] Iis Aisyah Department of Agronomy and
Horticulture, Bogor Agricultural University
Tae-Hwan Jun Department of Plant Bioscience, Pusan National University
Taeyoung Lee Department of Plant Science and Research Institute for Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University
Tantri Dyah Ayu A [email protected]
Taryono Faculty of Agriculture, University of Gadjah Mada
Tengku Laila Kamaliah
Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Bogor Agricultural University
Tri Hastini Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Bogor Agricultural University
Trias Sitaresmi Indonesian Center for Rice Research [email protected] Department of Agronomy and
Horticulture, Bogor Agricultural University
Untung Susanto ICCR of IAARD [email protected]
Usamah Jaisyurahman Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Bogor Agricultural University
Victor Manotar Pademan Manalu
Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Bogor Agricultural University
Willy Bayuardi Suwarno
Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Bogor Agricultural University
Wiwik Hardaningsih PS. Budidaya Tanaman Pangan,Jurusan Budidaya Tanaman, Politani
WooJae Kim National Institute of Crop Science, RDA
Yeong-Ho Lee [email protected] Cho Department of Crop Science,
Chungbuk National [email protected]
Young Chan Cho National Institute of Crop Science, RDA
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List of Participants
Name Affiliation EmailYudhistira Nugraha Indonesian Center for Rice Research yudhistira.nugraha@gmail.
comYudiwanti Wahyu Department of Agronomy and
Horticulture, Bogor Agricultural University
Yuliasti Center for Application Isotope Radiation Jakarta Indonesia
Yun-A Jeon [email protected] Department of Agronomy and
Horticulture, Bogor Agricultural University
Yuni Widyastuti Indonesian Center for Rice Research [email protected] Kang Chungnam National University [email protected]
ESTABLISHMENT NUMBERS OFSALINITY TOLERANT RICE VARIETIES CIHERANG, INPARI 13 AND INPARA 3 BY INDUCED MUTATION
AND IN VITRO SELECTION
Rossa Yunita1*, Nurul Khumaida2, Didy Sopandie2, and Ika Mariska1
1Indonesian Center for Agricultural Biotechnology & Genetic Resources Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development, Ministry of Agriculture
2Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Bogor Agricultural University, Bogor, Indonesia.
*Coresponden Author: [email protected]
SUMMARYInduced mutation combined with in vitro selection can be used to assemble the salinity tolerant rice varieties. The purpose of this study is to get the numbers putative mutant somaclone salinity tolerant rice mutation induction and in vitro selection. The varieties used are Ciherang, Inpari 13, Inpara 3. This study comprises four main activities embryogenic callus induction, induction of mutation and selection in vitro, regeneration buds, acclimatization. Results of the study were 29 putative mutants somaclone numbers derived from rice varieties ciherang. 39 numbers somaclone putative mutant derived from rice Inpari 13 and 42 number somaclone putative mutant derived from rice varieties Inapari 13.
INTRODUCTIONRice is an important commodity that needs continue to increase along with the increase of
population. Land conversion to non-agricultural sector is one of the factors causing inhibition of the increase in rice production. Utilization of marginal land with saline conditions is one of the efforts to be made to increase rice production. That requires rice varieties that can be developed in saline conditions and has a high productivity.
The use of tissue culture, combined with mutation induction can produce somaclonal variation as plant genetic diversity. The variations can be derived from the diversity that occurs in the culture or the impact of induced mutation that changed one or several properties while maintaining the other characters that have been owned by the parent plant (Yunita 2009).
The genetic diversity caused by the induction of random mutations. To identify somaclonal variation or mutation induction in the direction of the desired changes, can be used in vitro selection techniques. In the in vitro technique, selection of resistance to a biotic stresses such as salinity can be combined in vitro culture media and used to grow the somaclone variants obtained. Plant tissue regenerated in in vitro culture is likely to have a tolerant phenotype selection condition. In vitro selection is more efficient due to the condition of selection can be made homogeneous, which takes place more narrow, and the effectiveness of selection is high. Therefore, the combination of somaclonal variation and in vitro selection is an alternative technology effective in producing individuals with specific characters (Biswan et al., 2002).
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Establishment Numbers of Salinity Tolerant Rice Varieties Ciherang, Inpari 13 And Inpara 3by Induced Mutation and In Vitro Selection
In vitro selection to obtain drought-tolerant variant can use the selection agent in the form of chemical compounds that have properties similar to the conditions in nature. For salinity, generally use NaCl for selection agent. The response of rice callus cultured in media containing NaCl is higher, than in rice callus cultured in media containing NaCl lower. NaCl callus growth decline in the environment caused by the transfer of some quantum of energy for growth and metabolism (Pushpam and Sree Rangaswamy, 2000; Basu et al., 2002). Method of in vitro selection for NaCl salinity tolerance has been tried in sugarcane (Farid et al., 2006), the selection started from phase regenerated callus into shoots. The method has been applied to rice plants which embryogenic callus of rice that have been irradiated gamma rays capable of regenerating buds forming on the selection media containing high NaCl (Salaem et al., 2005; Sankar et al., 2009). The purpose of this study was to obtain numbers of salinity tolerant rice mutants somaclone mutation induction and in vitro selection.
MATERIALS AND METHODSThis research was conducted at the Laboratory of Tissue Culture Indonesian Center
for Agricultural Biotechnology and Genetic Resources. The plant material is zygotic embryos of seeds Ciherang, Inpari 13, Inpara 3, Pokkali and IR29. This study consists of four main activities: embryogenic callus induction, induction of mutations by gamma ray irradiation and in vitro selection, shoots regeneration, acclimatization.
Embryogenic callus inductionThe explants used are zygotic embryos isolated from the seeds mature. Seeds were sterilized
in a laminar flow cabinet using materials sterile (alcohol and Clorox). Embryos are grown on callus induction media. In one bottle planted 10 explants. Room temperature is 24–25oC. Variables measured were percentage and visual embryonic callus.
Induction of mutations by gamma ray irradiation and in vitro selectionDose gamma ray irradiation given by the value of LD50. Callus transferred to callus
proliferation media plus NaCl (BM 58.45) as LC50 value for each variety. Every 2 weeks new callus proliferation transferred into new medium, sub culture for two time repetition. Selection is done during the second period and each period for two weeks. The parameters measured were the number of brown callus.
Shoots regenerationMedia callus subculture for shoot regeneration is MS + BA 3 mg / l + Zeatin 0.3 mg / l
+ Proline 100 mg / l Ciherang callus , Inpari 13 and Inpara 3 and MS + BA 3 mg / l + Zeatin 0.1 mg / l + Proline 100 mg / l for rice varieties Inpara 3 and Pokkali. The parameters measured were percent callus forming buds.
AclimatizationPlantlets acclimatized by way of plantlets are removed from the bottle and cultured in
distilled water. After one week of plantlets transferred to Yosida media until the formation of new roots. Furthermore plantlets were planted in soil media. The parameters measured were percent plantlets life.
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Proceedings of SABRAO 13th Congress and International Conference,September 14–16, Bogor, Indonesia
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Embryogenic callus inductionIn general, zygotic embryos started to swell one week after planting and produce sprouts
at the base. Embryogenic callus were formed which is the characteristic yellowish white color, shiny and crusts (Figure 1).
Tabel 1. Percent callus and embryogenic callus formed from mature zygotic embryo explants
Variety Number of explant Percent of callus Percent embryogenic callusCiherang 500 99 98,2Inpari 13 500 96 97,4Inpara 3 500 97,4 93Pokalli 500 100 90,6IR 29 500 99,6 95,6
A B CFigure 1. Embryogenic callus from zygotic embryos of rice Ciherang (A) Inpari 13 (B) and
Inpara 3
The ability of each variety of rice formed callus is quite diverse. At Ciherang explants that formed callus at 99% to 98% that is embryogenic callus. On Inpari 13 percentage callus formed from embrio zigotik was 96% with 97.4% of which are embryogenic callus. For varieties Inpara 3, 974% explants capable to forming callus and embryogenic nature of 93%. Pokkali a sufficient response varieties which 100% of explants formed callus and 90.6 are embryogenic callus. In the varieties of IR 29, explants formed callus by 99.6% and 95.6% are embryogenic callus. Performance of callus visually showed the five varieties that produce callus crumbs (friable), translucent color, and form nodules. This shows that the callus obtained will be able to regenerate into plantlets. Many factors to determine for callus expression one of them is varieties of rices.
Induction of mutations by gamma ray irradiation and in vitro selectionEmbryogenic callus cultured in MS medium and in irradiation at a dose of LD50. After
irradiation callus was transferred to callus induction medium for at recovery, recover callus and detect the presence of micro-organism contamination. After 4 days in callus subculture medium all of them is browning and musty and cell callus malfungtion becouse of radiation stress and selection.
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Table 12. Selection of mutants in vitro callus in media containing NaCl with a concentration LC50
Variety Number of embryogenic callus
Number of browning callus
Percent ofBrowning callus
Ciherang 450 196 43,56Inpari 13 450 220 48,89Inpara 3 450 215 47,78
A B CFigure 2. The effect of gamma-ray irradiation and selection on media NaCl to callus growth. A
= Ciherang, Inpari B = 13, D = Inpara 3
Callus response of each variety to salt vary. On Ciherang percent of callus browning is of 43.56%, variety Inpari 13 at 48.89% and for callus Inpara 3 at 47.78%. Pessarakli (1991) states that the salinity with a particular concentration can lead to absorption of nutrient and water uptake is blocked, causing abnormal growth or slower. Badu et al., (2007) stated that the cell exposed to salinity (NaCl) will spend more energy to perform metabolism, so the more energy used to adjust the osmotic adjustment so that a hedge on the growth of somatic cells that are not normal.
Shoots regenerationAfter 6 weeks on regeneration media, start a change in the appearance of callus selection
results. Number of green spots are very few. Observation 10 weeks after planting seen that in general has formed a nodular callus and green spots even adventitious buds.
In Table 13 showed that from 450 Ciherang embryogenic callus cultured on regeneration media, 83 callus capable to forming adventitious buds with the average number of shoots was 2.3. In the rice callus Inpari 13, number callus capable to forming shoots are 80 with average number of adventitious buds of 1.3, while the origin of varieties to rice callus Inpara 3 number callus that formed adventitious buds was 87 with a mean number of 1.4 adventitious buds.
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Proceedings of SABRAO 13th Congress and International Conference,September 14–16, Bogor, Indonesia
Table 3. Regeneration of callus forming green spot and adventitious buds
Variety Number of eksplant
Number ofGreen spots
forming
Average of green spot
Number of shoot form
Average of shoot form
Ciherang 450 124 5 83 2,3Inpari 13 450 123 6 80 1,3Inpara 3 450 132 5 87 1,4Pokalli 200 98 3 45 1,6IR 29 200 99 4 34 1,7
Total callus rice varieties Pokkali origin and IR 29 were sub cultured on regeneration media are 200 callus. At Pokkali 45 varieties callus can form adventitious buds with an average of 1.6, while the number of varieties of IR 29 callus capable of forming buds adventif by 34 callus.
AcclimatizationAcclimatization is an important stage, especially on somaclonal variation, because in
general plantlets derived from somaclonal variation and selection in vitro roots have different structures so that ability at the time of adaptation at the time of acclimatization is not the same. The percentage of successful acclimatization generally very low, so that the treatment and conditions of the current environment largely determines the success of acclimatization acclimatization. Adaptation in new environmental conditions at the time of acclimatization is done in three stages, cultured plantlets in deionized water for a week and then moved Yosida solution and after the shoots growth are able to develop roots, new plantlets are transferred to soil media (Figure 3).
Table 4. Acclimatization putative mutant plantlets in vitro selection of somaclonal results
Variety Number of plantlets were acclimatized Number of living plantletsCiherang 50 29Inpari 13 50 39Inpara 3 50 42IR 29 20 16Pokkali 20 12
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Establishment Numbers of Salinity Tolerant Rice Varieties Ciherang, Inpari 13 And Inpara 3by Induced Mutation and In Vitro Selection
BA CFigure 3. The process of acclimatization numbers somaklonal putative mutant. A = plantlets
cultured in media with distilled water, B = plantlets cultured on Yosida media C = plantlets cultured in soil media
In the above table it can be observed that the 50 plantlets derived from rice varieties Inpara 3 has a number of plantlets most life that is equal to 42 then from 50 plantlets in acclimatization, followed by Inpari 13 and Inpara 3. For the varieties of IR 29 and Pokkali of 20 plantlets acclimatized, which can grow are respectively 12 and 16.
CONCLUSIONFrom this research that has been done obtained 29 putative mutants somaclone numbers
derived from rice Ciherang. 39 numbers somaclone putative mutant derived from rice Inpari 13 and 42 number somaclone putative mutant derived from rice varieties Inpara 3. For IR 29 and Pokkali are 12 and 16.
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