Onderzoek naar zelfredzaamheid bij brand in spoortunnels

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Transcript of Onderzoek naar zelfredzaamheid bij brand in spoortunnels

Page 1: Onderzoek naar zelfredzaamheid bij brand in spoortunnels

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Voorwoord

Goed nieuws na een treurig berichtHet was een treurig bericht in de krant van 2 juli 2009: brand in de Schipholtunnel, terwijl erin de tunnel vijf treinen stil stonden voor een rood sein. Treinen mochten niet doorrijden, ter-wijl de brandweer opdracht gaf tot ontruiming, lees: doorrijden. Zo ging er meer mis, bleek uitlater onderzoek. Gelukkig liep het allemaal met een sisser af – het vuur doofde vanzelf – maarhet incident had ook kunnen uitgroeien tot een ramp.Het Platform Transportveiligheid heeft als primaire taak een bijdrage te leveren aan een veili-ger transport van mensen en goederen over weg, spoor, water en door buisleidingen. Dit ver-klaart waarom de ministers van Infrastructuur & Milieu en Veiligheid & Justitie zichaansluitend op het tunnelincident tot ons Platform hebben gericht met de prangende vraaghoe precies te handelen in geval van een daadwerkelijke calamiteit. Dit met het doel de per-soonlijke en materiële schade zoveel mogelijk te beperken. Het onderwerp ‘zelfredzaamheid’nam in de vraagstelling dan ook een prominente plaats in.Een kleine twee jaar na dit opvallende tunnelincident, heb ik goed nieuws: voor u ligt een lijvigmaar uitermate toegankelijk geschreven rapport met een groot aantal adviezen over hoe tehandelen direct na een incident. Het voert te ver om alle aanbevelingen op deze plek op tesommen, maar één van de vele verrassende conclusies wil ik u niet onthouden: incidentengaan lang niet altijd gepaard met paniek. De betrokkenen c.q. slachtoffers laten zich vaak heelgewillig leiden, áls zich maar een leider opwerpt. Zo kan een gedwongen evacuatie van eentrein in een tunnel dus heel kalm en gestroomlijnd verlopen wanneer bijvoorbeeld de machi-nist of conducteur op een deskundige manier het voortouw neemt. Hiervoor dienen zij wel ge-schoold en getraind te worden.Deze en de andere aanbevelingen zijn diepgravend onderzocht en wetenschappelijk onder-bouwd door prof. Ira Helsloot, hoogleraar Crisisbeheersing en Fysieke Veiligheid van de VU inAmsterdam, en zijn medewerkers van Crisislab. Samen met experts van de spoorbedrijven ende hulpverlening hebben zij alle mogelijke oplossingen doorgenomen en afgewogen keuzesgemaakt. Er zijn dus ook oplossingen die het niét hebben gehaald in de aanbevelingen, zoals ingeval van nood achteruit de tunnel uitrijden. Ook de reden hiervoor leest u verderop in ditrapport. De voorgestelde keuzes zijn getoetst door FNV Spoor, Rover, CG-Raad, Brand-weer en NVBR.De ministers hebben het Platform Transportveiligheid gevraagd te komen metmakkelijk toepasbare aanbevelingen die bruikbaar zijn voor reizigers, trein-personeel en spoorbedrijven. Ik meen dat ze met dit rapport op hun wenkenworden bediend.Michiel Zonnevylle,bestuurslid Platform Transportveiligheid

voorwoord met foto:Opmaak 1 26-04-2011 09:11 Pagina 1

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Page 9: Onderzoek naar zelfredzaamheid bij brand in spoortunnels

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Page 10: Onderzoek naar zelfredzaamheid bij brand in spoortunnels

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Page 11: Onderzoek naar zelfredzaamheid bij brand in spoortunnels

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Page 15: Onderzoek naar zelfredzaamheid bij brand in spoortunnels

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Page 16: Onderzoek naar zelfredzaamheid bij brand in spoortunnels

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Page 17: Onderzoek naar zelfredzaamheid bij brand in spoortunnels

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Page 19: Onderzoek naar zelfredzaamheid bij brand in spoortunnels

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Page 20: Onderzoek naar zelfredzaamheid bij brand in spoortunnels

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Page 21: Onderzoek naar zelfredzaamheid bij brand in spoortunnels

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Page 22: Onderzoek naar zelfredzaamheid bij brand in spoortunnels

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Page 26: Onderzoek naar zelfredzaamheid bij brand in spoortunnels

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Page 28: Onderzoek naar zelfredzaamheid bij brand in spoortunnels

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Page 30: Onderzoek naar zelfredzaamheid bij brand in spoortunnels

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Page 31: Onderzoek naar zelfredzaamheid bij brand in spoortunnels

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Page 33: Onderzoek naar zelfredzaamheid bij brand in spoortunnels

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Page 34: Onderzoek naar zelfredzaamheid bij brand in spoortunnels

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Page 35: Onderzoek naar zelfredzaamheid bij brand in spoortunnels

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Page 37: Onderzoek naar zelfredzaamheid bij brand in spoortunnels

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Page 39: Onderzoek naar zelfredzaamheid bij brand in spoortunnels

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Page 40: Onderzoek naar zelfredzaamheid bij brand in spoortunnels

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Page 41: Onderzoek naar zelfredzaamheid bij brand in spoortunnels

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Page 42: Onderzoek naar zelfredzaamheid bij brand in spoortunnels

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Page 59: Onderzoek naar zelfredzaamheid bij brand in spoortunnels

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Page 60: Onderzoek naar zelfredzaamheid bij brand in spoortunnels

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Page 61: Onderzoek naar zelfredzaamheid bij brand in spoortunnels

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Page 65: Onderzoek naar zelfredzaamheid bij brand in spoortunnels

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