Nota Ringkas Ict f5 Multimedia

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Ramadan, SMK Pekan 2007

MULTIMEDIA

LESSON 21

MULTIMEDIA CONCEPTS

DEFINITION OF MULTIMEDIA

Multimedia has been used in many aspects in our lives, for example in the field of business,entertainment and the sciences. Multimedia comes from the word multi and

media.Multi means various. Media refers to any hardware or software used forcommunicating.

The usage of text, audio, graphic, video and animation are all involved in describing media.So, multimedia is the presentation of information by using a combination of text, !"#$,%&'#, *#"e$ +" +#t#$+-

CURRENT DEFINITION OF MULTIMEDIA IN ICT

In the field of Information and ommunication Technology, multimedia means more than

the use of the various media. ! computer user interacts with the computer to performtas"s such as finding information or play games to develop a s"ill.

There are five main elements in a complete multimedia system.

MORE MULTIMEDIA APPLICATIONS IN .ARIOUS FIELDS

I+ /!#+e, multimedia applications are used in advertising products.

I+ &t, artists use multimedia elements by combining drawing and animation.

I+ e"##+e, doctors can practice or be trained in performing high#ris"surgery by using virtual surgery.

I+ e+%#+ee+%, omputer#!ided $esign or !$ is used.%y using this application,engineers can view the design from many aspects and improve on it before production.

LESSON 22

INTERACTI.IT OF MULTIMEDIA

INTERACTI.IT

If you use the first multimedia application, the content progresses without you having to

control the flow of the movie. &our only control is to press the play and the stopbuttons.

This interaction is called #+e& #+te&t#*#t3.

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Ramadan, SMK Pekan 2007'n the other hand, the second multimedia application allows you to decide which part youwould li"e to view, or how much you want to "now about the content.

This interaction is named +$+#+e& #+te&t#*#t3.

HAT IS INTERACTI.IT6

Interactivity refers to the way users interact with a multimedia application or program.

The user can use input devices such as a "eyboard, (oystic", mouse and touch screen tointeract with the application through the computer.

!nother example is a computer game. It allows the user to use the left and right arrow "eys

to control the movement of the game.

HAT IS LINEAR INTERACTI.IT6

In linear interactivity, the user interacts with the multimedia application without controllingthe progress of the content.

HAT IS NONLINEAR INTERACTI.IT6

)nli"e linear interactivity, non#linear interactivity allows the user to interact with the content

according to what the user wants from the content.In other words, it is a two#waycommunication.

E7TENSION NONLINEAR INTERACTI.IT AND .IRTUAL REALIT

*irtual +eality is the best example of multimedia technology which uses non#linearinteractivity.

LESSON 29MEDIUM OF DELI.ER

COMMON MEDIUMS

enerally, there are two very common mediumsused in delivering multimedia contents.

-irst, multimedia can be delivered through ebpages.Thus, this "ind of content is said to be a

e//e" !t#e"#.

Secondly, multimedia can be delivered through compact discs.Therefore, the multimediacontent is said to be a CD/e" !t#e"#.

E::ASED MULTIMEDIA

eb#based multimedia is a combination of multimedia technology and Internet technology.eb#based multimedia is popular nowadays.

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Ramadan, SMK Pekan 2007MULTIMEDIA TECHNOLOG IN THE INTERNET

/ow, with the advancement of both technologies, most eb pages integrate elements li"etext, graphic, audio, video and animation.

There are a lot of multimedia software including plug#ins, players and browsers used in theInternet. These software allow better 0uality multimedia programs to be stored and viewed.

CD:ASED MULTIMEDIA

$s li"e $#+'M 1ompact $isc +ead 'nly Memory2 have been used to store and delivermultimedia content.

$s are usually used with computers.!n improvement of the $#+'M is the %lu#ray discwhich can store better 0uality video.3owever, the main problem in using $#+'Ms as a medium is that, it can be costly as it

ta"es a long time to produce a complete multimedia program.

DIFFERENCES :ETEEN E::ASED AND CD:ASED MULTIMEDIA APPLICATIONS

There are some differences between eb#based and $#based multimedia applications.

LESSON 24MULTIMEDIA ELEMENTS

THE FI.E MAIN ELEMENTS OF MULTIMEDIA

TE7T

Text is the basic element of multimedia. It involves the use of text types, si4es, colours andbac"ground colour. In a multimedia application, other media or screen can be lin"ed through

the use of text. This is what you call 3ypertext.

To produce an effective multimedia program there are three things that need to beconsidered. They are5

The position of the text on the screen.6ength of the message

!nd legibility of the text.

GRAPHIC

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Ramadan, SMK Pekan 2007raphics ma"e the multimedia application attractive. They help to illustrate ideas throughstill pictures.

There are two types of graphics used5 bitmaps 1paint graphics2 and vector 1draw graphics2.

AUDIO

! multimedia application may re0uire the use of speech,music and sound effects. These are called audio or the soundelement.

There are two basic types of audio or sound +$% +"

"#%#t !"#$-

.IDEO

*ideo provides a powerful impact in a multimedia program.In multimedia applications, thedigital video is gaining popularity because of the following reasons5

video clips can be edited easilythe digital video files can be stored li"e any other files in the computer and the

0uality of the video can still be maintainedthe video files can be transferred within a computer networ"

it allows non#linear editing in any part of the video

3owever, these digital video files are large in si4e.Transferring these files can ta"e a longtime especially when using the Internet.

ANIMATION

!nimation is a process of ma"ing a static image loo" li"e it is moving. In multimedia, digital

animation is used. $igital animation can be categorised into two broad area5 7$ 17$imension2 and 8$ 18 $imension2 animations.

STANDARD FILE FORMATS

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Ramadan, SMK Pekan 20079ach of the five elements mentioned has various standard file formats. file format is aparticular way to store information in a computer.

LESSON 25

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Ramadan, SMK Pekan 2007HARDARE AND EDITING SOFTARE FOR MULTIMEDIA PRODUCTION

In producing a multimedia program, we need to5ather data for the : basic elements ofmultimedia5 text, animation, graphics, video and audio by using hardware.

To edit the elements, we need special editing software.

HARDARE FOR PRODUCING MULTIMEDIA

The most common hardware used are scanner, video camera, camera for still photos, audiodevice, and video capture device.9ach of these hardware has its functions andcharacteristics.

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Ramadan, SMK Pekan 2007E7AMPLES OF EDITING SOFTARE

These are examples of editing software that available for producing a multimedia program.

LESSON 2;

AUTHORING TOOL CONCEPT

!uthoring tool is a program that helps you write multimedia applications.!uthoring toolsusually enable you to create a final application by lin"ingtogether ob(ects such as a paragraph of text, graphic or a video.

Multimedia applications can be classified into three concepts, which are

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ICON CONCEPT

The icon concept in authoring tools provides the multimedia developer with avisual programming approach to se0uencing events in the multimediaapplication.

In this concept, elements and events are organised in a structural framewor".

ith icon authoring tools, users can present visually a logical flow of events bydragging icons from an icon menu.

The icon can represent graphics, audio files, animation, text, movies, and other

elements should be played in a logical flow or flow chart.

These entire icon concept authoring tools use ;drag and drop; to pic" up andplace icons on the presentation page.

These icons represent5events such as mouse clic"s, "ey press

actions to be performed after an event e.g. a transition, a soundroutines to perform loops, conditional branches

CARD CONCEPT

The card concept in authoring tools are based on the idea of card stac"s containinggraphics, audio, video, text and animation.

9lements and events in card concept authoring tools are organised as pages in a boo" or astac" of cards.

hen card concept authoring tools starts, a blan" page is displayed. ertain ob(ects can be

inserted e.g. text, pictures and buttons-

%y inserting ob(ects into several pages, a multimedia ;boo"


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Ramadan, SMK Pekan 2007LESSON 2=E: EDITORS

E: EDITOR

eb editor is a program that you use to create eb page. It can be something as simple asthe text editor that came with your operating system. It can be something as simple as thetext editor. It can also be something that creates the ebsites as you point and clic" away.

! eb page is written in 3ypertext Mar"up 6anguage 13TM62 which is a set of ;mar"up;symbols inserted into a file for a display on the orld ide eb

12 browser.

There are two types of eb editors. They are text#based and hat &ou See Is hat &ou et1&SI&2.

TE7T:ASED EDITOR

! text#based eb editor is a basic editor where you wor" with 3ypertext Mar"up 6anguage

13TM62 tags to create a eb page.It can be used to change 3TM6 source codes.

)sing a text#based eb editor re0uires you to have 3TM6 "nowledge to get started.

SIG E: EDITOR

&SI& is an acronym for hat &ou See Is hat &ou et. &SI& web editors providean editing interface that shows how the pages will be displayed in a web browser.

)sing a &SI& editor does not re0uire any 3TM6 "nowledge. It is easier for an average

computer user.

9xamples of &SI& web editor are Microsoft -ront>age and Macromedia $reamweaver.

CHARACTERISTICS OF TE7T:ASED EDITORS AND SIG EDITORS

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Ramadan, SMK Pekan 20073igh#0uality interactive multimedia applications are the products of a production team.

MULTIMEDIA PRODUCTION TEAM! multimedia production team consists of a >ro(ect Manager, Sub(ect Matter

9xpert 1SM92, raphic !rtist, !udio#*ideo Technician, Instructional $esigner and>rogrammer.

1- THE PRO>ECT MANAGERBS ROLESThe >ro(ect ManagerECT MATTER E7PERTBS ROLEThe Sub(ect Matter 9xpert


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Ramadan, SMK Pekan 2007A+3# Pe$uring the !nalysis >hase, the multimedia developers interview the clients to find out their

needs and write the >roblem Statement and a >roposal.

De#%+ Pe%ased on the needs of target users, the multimedia developer will design a -low hart andStoryboard. This phase is "nown as the $esign >hase.

I'ee+tt#$+ Pe'nce the Storyboard is confirmed, the multimedia developers will start

Implementation >hase.

The Implementation >hase refers to the process of converting the design plan into amultimedia program. This is the phase where the multimedia program is produced.

Tet#+% PeThe multimedia developers will use a hec"list to test the multimedia program. If there areany errors, the programmer will fix the program.

E*!t#$+ Pe

In the 9valuation >hase, selected users will use an 9valuation -orm to try out the programand give feedbac".

P!/##+% Pe

-inally, when the multimedia program is completed, it will be published to $.

E7TENSION PROTOTPEMany multimedia production companies try to shorten the production phase. 'ne of theways is to use a prototype.

>rototype means a standard or model example.

! prototype is a basic model of a new multimedia program that is to be developed.This is done so that the new design can be tested and changed before the stage of actual

production.

%y using a prototype, users can help to decide suitable designs of the multimedia pro(ect.

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Nota Ringkas Ict f5 Multimedia

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