8/19/2019 Mk Hidrologi 2015-2

1/39

TERAPAN

(2SKS, MKDK BIDANG AIR )I. ALIRAN SUNGAIKAJIAN DEBIT ALIRAN SUNGAI:

A. DEBIT AL. RENDAH SUNGAI (LOW-FLOW).B. DEBIT BANJIR SUNGAI (HIGH-FLOW)

Debit al.sun ai: !e"u#a$an ali"an ai"sun ai #a%a suatu titi$ (&utlet)'stasi&n i%"&!et"i #a%a alu" sun ai%a"i suatu Dae"a en ali"an Sun ai(D S) , %en an satu satuan *&lu!e

8/19/2019 Mk Hidrologi 2015-2

2/39

8/19/2019 Mk Hidrologi 2015-2

3/39

8/19/2019 Mk Hidrologi 2015-2

4/39

8/19/2019 Mk Hidrologi 2015-2

5/39

8/19/2019 Mk Hidrologi 2015-2

6/39

8/19/2019 Mk Hidrologi 2015-2

7/39

SIAPA AKU ?------- DIMANA AKU ?

------

8/19/2019 Mk Hidrologi 2015-2

8/39

BEBERAPA PENGERTIAN / KONSEP/ PROSES YGBERHUBUNGAN DENGAN ALIRAN SUNGIAI .

• Infltrasi•

Kap.infltrasi• Kec. la!" infltrasi• Real Infltrasi• T#tal Infltrasi• Per$#lasi• S#il M#ist"re %#ntent• S#il M#ist"re

Defsienc&• 'iel( %apasit&• A)stra$si a*al

+l#sses,• %"ra H"!an• Intensitas H"!an• E ap#rasi• Transpirasi• E ap#transpirasi

• H"!an E/e$tip• Intersepti#n

l#sses• Depressi#n

St#ra0e•

S"r/ace st#ra0e• S"r/ace R"n#1

O erlan(-'l#*• Inter-'l#*•

2ase-3#*• Direct R"n-#1 • Gr#"n( 4ater

'l#*•

Da. Pen0aliranS"n0ai

8/19/2019 Mk Hidrologi 2015-2

9/39

KARAKTERISTIK DPS8• Bentu$ - luasD S• T& "a - $e!i"in an la an• Lan% Use%, *e etasi' tana!an - ban unan

El.te"tin i• Alu" Sun ai (#an/an alu", &"%e" sun ai)• M&"# &l& i #e"!u$aan bu!i• St"utu" e&l& i 0

El.te"en%aBatas D S

%#nt# )ent"$ DPS)"l" )"r"n0 (a"n

8/19/2019 Mk Hidrologi 2015-2

10/39

2ent"$ DPS

8/19/2019 Mk Hidrologi 2015-2

11/39

DPS Kali Garan0 Se6aran0

8/19/2019 Mk Hidrologi 2015-2

12/39

A. DE2IT AL. RENDAH SUNGAI HARIAN +l#*-3#*,

Me"u#a$an #&tensi su!be" %a1a ai" sun ai (%ebit an%alan),te"$ait #e!enu an $ebutu an ai".

Be"%asa"$an $a"a$te"isti$' u$tuasi ali"an sun ai se#an/anta un !a$a %iba i !en/a%i /enis:

3. E# e!e"al Ri4e" ( te"/a%i u/an !a$a a%a ali"an )

(0) 2. Inte"!itten Ri4e" (al. K&ntin1u #% !usi! u/an)

(0). e"enial Ri4e" (al. K&ntin1u se#an/an ta un)

5i%"& "a6 ali"an:%ebit

(0)

Jan eb Ma"..... Des(+a$tu)

8/19/2019 Mk Hidrologi 2015-2

13/39

2. HIGH-'LO4 +De)it )an!ir aliran s"n0ai,Debit ban/i" %ia$ibat$an &le satu #e"isti+a

u/an ( u/an a"ian), 1 %a#at %isa/i$an %ala!

2 /enis "a $ ( Stage hydrogra h ! d"#$hargeHydrogra h )

HIDROGRA' TINGGI AIR SUNGAI (Stage Hydrograph) Ha!r (") R

# $ % &&&&& 'a t(*a")

HIDROGRA' DE2IT AL. SUNGAI ( D!+,harge Hydrograph) -(" . /det) R (5UJAN) sisi tu"un Sisi nai$

# $ % . &&&&'a t (*a")

t %a&'"r &a"

8/19/2019 Mk Hidrologi 2015-2

14/39

PROSES HU9AN MEN9ADI ALIRAN

8/19/2019 Mk Hidrologi 2015-2

15/39

PERU2AHAN HIDROGRA' ALIRAN SUNGAIe"uba an i%"& "a6 ali"an /i$a!e!#e"ti!ban $an e!#at (7) 6a$t&":

3. I 8 intensitas u/an (!!'/a!)2.6 8 in lt"asi (!!'/a!)

.9 8 t&tal in lt"asi (!!)

7.S!% 8 S&il M&istu"e De iensi (!!)

3) Ji$a: I ; 6 %an 9 ; S!% 0 R (! '%et) (Ali"an ti%a$ be"uba )

< 3 2 ....... T 8 +a$tu(/a!)

8/19/2019 Mk Hidrologi 2015-2

16/39

2) Ji$a: I ; 6 %an 9 = S!% (0) R

(al.be"uba ' base> &+ (B9)be"uba )

< 3 2 .... T 8 ?a$tu (/a!)

). Ji$a: I = 6 %an 9 ; S!% R (0) (al.be"uba ' DR@ be"uba )

< 3 2 ..... T > ?a$tu ( /a!)

7). Ji$a: I = 6 %an 9 = S!%

(0) (al.be"uba ' B9 - DR@be"uba )

< 3 2 ...... T> ?a$tu (/a!)

8/19/2019 Mk Hidrologi 2015-2

17/39

AIR

8/19/2019 Mk Hidrologi 2015-2

18/39

2AN9IR

Se a"a a"is besa" %ebit ban/i" al. Sun ai

te"%i"i %a"i %ua (2) $&!#&nen besa"::,Al. Lan0s"n0 S"n0ai Direct R"n-#1+DRO,7 be"asal %a"i ali"an #e"!u$aan(Su"6a e Run>@ )

;,Al. Dasar S"n0ai 2ase-'l#* +2',7be"asal %a"i ali"an ai" tana suatu D S.

e!isa an i%"& "a6 a%a a"a:a. Strai0 t Line Met #().'i

8/19/2019 Mk Hidrologi 2015-2

19/39

a, Strai0 t Line Met #( GRA'IK SEMILOGHIDROGRA'

+>, I : I ; I > MA@ L#0.> Titi$ per")a an ara0rs ta!a6

+6 (,t +9a6,

DRO =#l"6e DROBA

8/19/2019 Mk Hidrologi 2015-2

20/39

B) 9i e% Base Len t Met &% T C A /a! Ga"is T 3 8 T 2 8 T a%ala #e!isa anta"a B9 %an DR@

) *a"iable Sle Met &% 0!a T>in e ti&n DR@ T3 T2 T T7 B9

Ga"is T3 T2 8 T 8 T7 a%ala #e!isa anta"a B9 %an DR@

II ANALISIS PERHITUNGAN

8/19/2019 Mk Hidrologi 2015-2

21/39

II. ANALISIS PERHITUNGANHIDROGRA' 2AN9IR

5i%"& "a6 ban/i" %i#e"lu$an untu$

$e#e"luan %esain ban unan ai",#en en%alian %ll %an analisis i%"&li$1an be"si6at un>ste%i.

Data 1an %i#e"lu$an untu$ analisis sbb:3.Data u/an (intensitas u/an)2.Ke ilan an ai" ( Lo##e# )

.5u/an e6e$ti#7.Ali"an %asa" sun ai (B9)

.Unit 5i%"& "a6, %ll.

8/19/2019 Mk Hidrologi 2015-2

22/39

:, Data "!an +intensitas "!an,Fu"a u/an 1an %i#a$ai biasan1a !e"u#a$an

u"a u/an "en ana %a"i analisis statisti$(s$ala #e"en anaan8 #e"e&%e ulan T ta un).Intensitas u/an be"asal %a"i #en a!atanARR, /i$a %ata be"u#a u"a u/an a"ian!a$a a"us %iuba ' analisis !en/a%iintensitas u/an .

+ I , I I I I I I ........(st a(ala n#l. +66 !, I ; I

t C t : a(ala I : - +66 !a6, I :

IF %"ra "!an arian a(ala R +66,

R B I : I ; ............ I ; +66, C : ;

F ..... t+!a6,

8/19/2019 Mk Hidrologi 2015-2

23/39

%" "! / $ i R

8/19/2019 Mk Hidrologi 2015-2

24/39

,. %"ra "!an e/e$tip +Re, Fu"a u/an e6e$ti# !e"u#a$an seba ian %a"i u/an 1an /atu %i

D S !en ali" %i #e"!u$aan seba ai ali"an #e"!u$aan la an (su"6a e"Un>& ), %an !enu/u alu" sun ai !en/a%i ali"an lan sun sun ai(Diu"et Run>& ). Ma$a besa" nilai u/an e6e$ti# #a%a /a! $e t!e"u#a$an intensitas u/an /a! t %i$u"an i t&tal $e ilan an /a! t%an ti%a$ a%a nilai ne ati# (nilai a%ala n&l).

Untu$ t C i >= Re i C I i > i (!!'/) >= Re i a%ala =C <

T&tal Re a%ala : Ret C Rei H...H Re n (!!) I2

Met&%e # i in%e : (I) I3 I I7 3 C 2 C .... %st .

< 3 2 7(/a!)

U i Hi( #0 / UH

8/19/2019 Mk Hidrologi 2015-2

25/39

, Unit Hi(r#0ra/ +UH,Unit i%"& "a6 !e"u#a$an i%"& "a6 ali"an

lan sun sun ai (DR@) suatu D S 1an

%ia$ibat$an &le u/an e6e$ti# satu satuan tin i#e" satu satuan inte"4al +a$tu (3!!'3/a!).e%&!an ut$ #en unaan - analisis Unit5i%"& "a6:

• 5u/an e6e$ti# be"%ist"ibusi sa!a % 1%i una$an.

• 5u/an e6e$ti# !e"ata %i selu"u D S.•

?a$tu %asa" (Tb) Unit 5i%"& "a6 teta#.• Be"la$u su#e"#&ssisi.• Ali"an lan sun sun ai (DR@) seban%in %en an

u/an e6e$ti# >>= *&lu!e DRO B Ret < l"asDPS

D / i U5 $

8/19/2019 Mk Hidrologi 2015-2

26/39

Dua /enis U5: a, UH sintetis7 6is. UH Na$a&as" ), UH #)ser e(7 asil analisis

i(.)an!ir . (0) U ( ea$)a,.UH a$i)at : Re3C3 U 7

Re: B :66 !. U< U3 U U

< 3 2 7 (/a!)),.Hi(.a$i)at : T#C /a! TbC /a! Re;B:7:66 ! . Re2C3,3 0#C0 7 C 3,3 U

(0)0 C3,3 U 2 0 C3,2 U

< 3 2 7 (/a!)

A li i it" 0 i( #0 / ) !i

8/19/2019 Mk Hidrologi 2015-2

27/39

Analisis per it"n0an i(r#0ra/ )an!irA,%ara 0rafs +>,

Unit Hi(r#0ra/ .

t+!a6,

+>, > ti

Hi(r#0ra/ )an!ir

a$i)at Re:7 Re;(an Re

2' C t i

t+!a6,

2 % li i

8/19/2019 Mk Hidrologi 2015-2

28/39

2, %ara analitis. > C B 2' C DRO C ata" > C B 2' C U C B 2' C UC : B 2' : U : ; B 2' ; U ; :; B 2' :; C

Untu$ !e!u%a $an #e" itun an %a#at!en una$an tabel sbb.

" it i%"& " 6 B /i" % t b l

8/19/2019 Mk Hidrologi 2015-2

29/39

e" itun an i%"& "a6 Ban/i" %en an tabel Ji$a Tb U5 C /a! (U

8/19/2019 Mk Hidrologi 2015-2

30/39

III. DE2IT 2AN9IR REN%ANADebit ban/i" "en ana %i#e"lu$an untu$

#e"en anaan %an %esain ban unan ai",i%"&li$a salu"an' sun ai, %ll, %en an

$a/ian 1an be"si6at ste%i. Debit ban/i"!e"u#a$an asil %a"i analisis'#e" itun anbe"%asa"$an u/an a"ian "en ana(%en an #"&babilitas' $ala ulan te"tentu)#a%a suatu D S te"tentu.

:.Met#(e Rasi#nal .> B +: 7 ,

8/19/2019 Mk Hidrologi 2015-2

31/39

DPS 8 0A $! 2

H L$!

Intensitas u/an (I) :

HO I B +R ; ,< +; t c , ; +66 !a6, t a%ala +a$tu $&nsent"asi ban/i" (+a$tu #e"a!batan

ban/i" %a"i O sa!#ai ).

t c B+ L = r , 9a6= r B F; < +H L, C7 +$6 !a6, .............RPi a

L 8 an/an sun ai uta!a * " 8 $e e#atan ali"an ban/i" "ata>"ata

5 > #e"be%aan tin i anta"a - O

2 M t&% 5 # "

8/19/2019 Mk Hidrologi 2015-2

32/39

2. Met&%e 5as#e"s 0 C Q 6 ! '%et

> $&e sien "un>& C (3H

8/19/2019 Mk Hidrologi 2015-2

33/39

" untu$ t: 2 /a! ; t ; 3 /a! " C (tR)'(tH3)

R untu$ t: 3 /a! ; t ; < a"i " C (= t >= >= " >=Q>= 0

I* PENELUSURAN 2AN9IR + 2LOOD ROUTING

8/19/2019 Mk Hidrologi 2015-2

34/39

I*. PENELUSURAN 2AN9IR + 2LOOD ROUTING , Penel"s"ran )an!ir )an&a$ )er6an/aat "nt"$ 6en0eta "i

$ara$teristi$ aliran )an!ir7 analisis i(r#li$7 pera6alan )an!ir 7perencanan 6a"p"n (esain )an0"nan $ "s"sn&a pen0en(alian)an!ir. Ter!a(i per")a an i(r#0ra/ )an!ir $arena /a$t#r si6pananta6p"n0an air #le *a("$ 6a"p"n pena6pan0 &an0 eter#0en

pa(a al"r s"n0ai. 21ood Ro t!0g pa(a *a("$ 8

In/#* +I, #"t3#* +O, +>, 4ADUK +S,

+I, (

+O, +>, DAM

+I, +t, Hi(r#0ra/ I-O se)el"6 a(a *a("$ +O,

+t, Hi(r#0ra/ I-O ses"(a a(a *a("$

Kesei6)an0an air pa(a 'l##( R#"tin0

8/19/2019 Mk Hidrologi 2015-2

35/39

Kesei6)an0an air pa(a l##( R# tin0*a("$ :

+I, - +O, B QS.

Ma$a: I = @ S nai$ !u$a ai" +a%u$ nai$ I ; @ S tu"un !u$a ai" +a%u$

tu"un

Untu$: t 3 8 t 2 +I: I ; , ; +O I O ; , ; B S ; S :

=aria)el8 O ; (an S ; pa(a !a6 $e ; a(ala

)el"6 (i$eta "i 6a$a7 persa6aanterse)"t (apat (iselsesai$an (en0anc#)a-a)a +trial J err#rs,

+Met#(e a0a1!t!,a1 ,. Unt"$ le)i pra$tis)isa (i0"na$an per it"n0an ta)el.

Data 1an %i#e"lu$an untu$ &&% "&utin

8/19/2019 Mk Hidrologi 2015-2

36/39

Data 1an %i#e lu$an untu$ &&% &utinsbb: 1aitu %ata 1an te"$ait in &+

i%"& "a6 ban/i", ban unan untu$ &ut &+

%an st&"a e +a%u$. :, In3#* i(r#0ra/ )an!ir Me"u#a$an i%"& "a6 ban/i" "en ana, asil analisis '

#e" itun an i%"& "a6 ban/i" "en ana.

In3#* *a("$ + i(r#0ra/ )an!ir rencana, (0)

I< I3 I2

< 3 2 7 .....(/a!)

2) Data &ut> &+ i%"& "a6

8/19/2019 Mk Hidrologi 2015-2

37/39

2). Data &ut> &+ i% & a6. Ban unan &ut &+ ban/i" untu$ +a%u$, %a#at be"u#a tunnel, #intu,

#eli!#a bebas %ll. 2an0"nan peli6pa )e)as. 5

!is: Ma$a %ebit #eli!#a (@) : H

8/19/2019 Mk Hidrologi 2015-2

38/39

). Data +a%u$. Be"%asa"$an #eta t& "a '$&nt&u" %ae"a enan an'

ta!#un an +a%u$, %a#at %i itun ' %iu$u" 4&lu!e si!#anan+a%u$ %an luas enan an +a%u$ te" a%a# ele4asi !u$a ai"+a%u$.

A+ (! 2) A+2

(E+)

(E+) (!)

E+CH

S+3 S+C

8/19/2019 Mk Hidrologi 2015-2

39/39

'l##( R#"tin0 *a("$ Anal&tical Met #( (0 Ta)el .

step !a6 I I r = i E*as O O r = # QS S*E*

6 ( 6 ( :C 6 6 6 ( 6 ( :C 6 :C 6 :C 6 6

: C C C7CC C CC7CCC7CC

C : :C 7 : 7 :7 : 7;

; : :CC C7:C ;C : 7 CC7C

C7C :C : 7;C7C

; ........

Trial J err#rs trials sa6pai sa6a

n#te 8 inter al *a$t" Qt B :!a6 B CC (eti$