Ind Seminar

8/3/2019 Ind Seminar

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RF PLANNING

ANDOPTIMIZATION

Priyoma Basu

MITS, Lakshmangarh

EC C

Enrol No. 080581


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NOKIASEIMENS

NETWORKS

One of the largest telecommunications solutions suppliers in the

world.

Headquarters - Espoo, Greater Helsinki, Finland

Nokia Siemens Networks India has fully indigenized operations

and workforce with 13,000 people at 50 principle offices and

present in 177 locations.

Nokia Siemens Networks operations in India include marketing

and sales to HQ offices in Delhi NCR, Mumbai, Noida, Chennai,

Kolkata and Bangalore.


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GENERATION OFWIRELESS

STANDARD

Wireless communication is the transfer of information over a

distance without the use of enhanced electrical conductors or

"wires.

It encompasses various types of fixed, mobile, and portable two-

way radios, cellular telephones, and wireless networking.

Mobile wireless technologies has experienced 4 generations of

technology revolution, namely 1G to 3G.


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GLOBAL SYSTEM FOR MOBILE

COMMUNICATION

GSM is a standard set developed by the ETSI.

Primary goal of GSM Roaming throughout Europe

GSM is the most successful digital mobile telecommunication

system in the world.

The evolution of GSM resulted in the use of three primary

frequency bands:

1. Initial European GSM (900 MHz band)

2. DCS (1800 MHz band)

3. PCS 1900


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DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS

1. Channel bandwidth: 200 KHz in second generation

2. Number of time slots in TDMA frame: 8 time slots in one

TDMA frame to increase the capacity of the system and reduce

the cost per system.

3. Maximum cell radius: 35km

4. Frequency band: 900MHz in India

5. Max vehicle speed: For proper handoff, the max vehicle speed

should not be higher than 240 km/hr

6. Max delay spread: 10ms


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GSM ARCHITECTURE

A GSM network is composed

of several functional entities.

The GSM network can be

divided into four broad parts:

1) Mobile Station

2) Base Station Subsystem

3) Network Switching

Subsystem

4) Operation Subsystem


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BSC CONNECTIVITY DELHI CIRCLE

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Okhla

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Okhla

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Vasant kunj

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Vasant kunj

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Faridabad

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Faridabad

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Noida63

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Noida63

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Shahdara

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ShahdaraBSC

Preet Vihar

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Preet Vihar

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Sahibabad

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Sahibabad

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Noida18

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Noida18

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Surajpur

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Surajpur

MGW

NOIDA

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OKHLA

MSS03OKHLA

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Sadiq Nagar

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Sadiq Nagar

MSS02

GURGMGW

GURG

MGW

KAROL

BAG

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Karol Bagh

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Karol BaghBSC

Model Town

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Model Town

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heda KalanBSC

heda Kalan

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Rohini

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Gurgaon

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Gurgaon

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Janakpuri

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Janakpuri

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Gurgaon-32

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Gurgaon-32

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Vikaspuri

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Vikaspuri

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IRTI NAGAR

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IRTI NAGAR

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aschim Vihar

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aschim Vihar


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FRAMING AND CHANNEL

Trail Bits

Encrypted Data Bits

Stealing Bits

Training sequence

Guard Bits


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LOGICAL CHANNELS

ogical channels are bidirectional channels. Two types of logical

channels are-

1) Traffic channels(TCHs)

(i) Full rate traffic channel

(ii) Half rate traffic channel

2) Control channels(CCHS): Facilitate access to the infrastructure,

supporting call setup and related activities.

(i) Broadcast control channel

(ii) Common control channel

(iii) Dedicated control channel


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RF PLANNING

Radio frequency(RF) - 3 kHz to 300 GHz.

Process of assigning frequencies, transmitter locations and

parameters of a wireless communications system to provide

sufficient coverage and capacity for the services required.

Goal - To achieve optimum use of resources and maximum

revenue potential whilst maintaining a high level of system

quality.

It reduces the cost of optimization.


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NETWORK PLANNING TOOL

Planning tool is used to assist engineers in designing and

optimizing wireless networks.

With a database that takes into account data such as terrain,

clutter, and antenna radiation patterns. The Planning tool gives

RF engineers a state-of-the-art tool to:

Design wireless networks

Plan network expansions

Optimize network performance

Diagnose system problems


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PROPAGATIONTEST KIT

The propagation test kit

consists of:

Test transmitter.

Isotropic Antenna

Receiver to scan the RSS

A laptop to collect data.

A GPS to get latitude

and longitude.

Cables and accessories.


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TRAFFICMODELING TOOL

It is used by the planning engineer for Network modelling and

dimensioning.

It helps the planning engineer to calculate the number of

network elements.

E.g. Netdim by Nokia.


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RF PLANNING PROCEDURE

Propagation Tool Setup

Set up the planning tool hardware.

Procure the terrain, clutter and vector data in the required

resolution.

Setup site tracking database.

ZoningAnalysis: This involves studying the height restrictions for antenna

heights in the design area.

SetInitial Link Budget: Link Budget Analysis is the process of aanalyzing all

major gains and losses in the forward and reverse link radio paths.

Initial cell countestimate: Once the cell radius is known, the area covered by

one site can be easily calculated.


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INITIAL SURVEY

Morphology Definition

Morphology describes the density and height of man

made or natural obstructions.

It is used to more accurately predict the path loss.

Morphology Drive Test

Drive test is done to characterize the propagation and

fading effects.

The objective is to collect field data to optimize or adjust

the prediction model for preliminary simulations.

A test transmitter and a receiver are used for this

purpose.


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INITIAL DESIGN

Complete Initial Cell Placement: Planning of cell sites sub-

area depending on clutter type and traffic required.

Run Propagation Analysis: Planning tool calculates the path

loss and received signal strength using Co-ordinates of the sitelocation

Design Review with the Client: Initial design review has to be

carried out with the client so that he agrees to the basic design of

the network.


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RADIO NETWORK OPTIMIZATION

Optimization involves monitoring, verifying and improving the

performance of the radio network.

A cellular network covers a large area and provides capacity to

many people.

Apart from this, the network is always growing through

increasing subscriber numbers and increases in traffic. This

means that the optimization process should be on-going.


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KEY PERFORMANCE INDICATORS

(KPI)

For radio network optimization, it is necessary to have decided on

KPIs.

These parameters are to be observed closely when the network

monitoring process is going on.

The term KPI is used for parameters related to voice and datachannels.

Key indicators

1) Voice quality

2) Network performance monitoring

3) Drive testing4) Network performance assessment

5) Coverage

6) Capacity

7) Quality


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DRIVE TESTING

Drive testing is a method of measuring and assessing the

coverage, capacity and Quality of Service of a mobile radio

network.

It detects and records a wide variety of the physical and virtual

parameters of mobile cellular service.

Wireless carriers make directed changes to their networks that

provide better coverage and service to their customers.

Drive testing requires a mobile vehicle outfitted with drive testing

measurement equipment.


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DATACOLLECTED DURING

DRIVE TESTING

The dataset collected during drive testing field measurements can

include information such as:

Signal intensity & quality

Interference

Dropped & Blocked calls

Call statistics

Handover information

GPS location co-ordinates


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TYPES OF DRIVE TESTING

Drive testing can broadly be categorized into three distinct topics:

Network Benchmarking

Optimization & Troubleshooting

Service Quality Monitoring

Tools used:

TEMS Investigation


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CONCLUSION

This presentation gives us an insight into the importance of

wireless communication and its widespread use.Wireless

communication via radio frequencies is called RF planning. Both

planning and optimization are an integral part of todays

telecommunication industry.

Planning and Optimization are carried out in the network to -

Minimize the call drop and RF interference in the network

Increase the indoor and outdoor coverage and better speech

quality

Customer satisfaction


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THANK

YOU

Ind Seminar

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