"Ik ben wel eens bij zo'n circus geweest."

7/31/2019 "Ik ben wel eens bij zo'n circus geweest."

1/85

Oqcnse Dblzsawihkk" ]ni ]nawznkmh ak Amgawseh Zjeqnbnkm

Hbsawwh)whpplw s 7:1=

NZZK 8166)=8>=

Nd gak }ab aakz gno lk jnwjqz ma}aazsVawzbhm aawzsa phwsnjnphsnawlkca vhk eas Cabshpwlmwhiih nk eas ]hccakmagnac


2/85

Nd gak }ab aakz gno lk jnwjqz ma}aazs


3/85

Cns lkcaw lad nz qnsmavlawc gnkkak eas dhcaw vhk eas Cabshpwlmwhiih Caabpwlmwhiih ]hccak TGL)88)081)00:

Magnaczmawnjes cabshpwlmwhiihY


4/85

Nd gak }ab aakz gno lk jnwjqz ma}aazs

Vawzbhm aawzsa phwsnjnphsnawlkca vhk eas Cabshpwlmwhiih nk eas ]hccakmagnac

Oqcnse Dblzsawihkk8" ]ni ]nawznkmh7 ak Amgawseh Zjeqnbnkm:

8 Hbsawwh ]hmaknkmak QW7 Nihwaz ]hmaknkmak QW: ]hsawiacnhnw

Hbsawwh)whpplws 7:1=

Hbsawwh ]hmaknkmak QW]hmaknkmak" 7087


5/85

Wafawhhs

Oqcnse Dblzsawihkk" ]ni ]nawznkmh ak Amgawseh Zjeqnbnkm" 7087+Nd gak }ab aakz gno lk jnwjqz ma}aazs+ Vawzbhm aawzsa phwsnjnphsnawlkca vhk eas Cabshpwlmwhiih nk eas ]hccakmagnac+]hmaknkmak" Hbsawwh" Hbsawwh)whpplws 7:1=+ 57 gb +4 7 fnm+4 80 shg+41 waf+4 81 flslz

Cns lkcaw lad hkhb~zaaws vllw eas Cabshpwlmwhiih ]hccakmagnac ca gabhkmak ak vnznaz vhk cnvawza bldhba zshdaelbcawz lpvanbnmeanc lp ca anbhkcak ak ca vhzsabhkczdqzs+ Ela}ab bhkmz ca vhzsabhkczdqzs vanbnmeanczpwlgbaiak ilasak }lwcak lpmablzs nzchhw }anknm ihhszjehppabnoda cnzjqzzna lvaw4 aw nok vaab ilmabnoda lpblzznkmak lhbz wqnisabnoda lwcaknkmzihhswamabak"iqbsnfqkjsnlkaba cnodak ak hhkbam,gaelqc vhk d}abcawz+ Lp Sauab ak Vbnabhkc zpabak plsaksnaab eafsnma vanbnmeanczcnzjqzznaz+ LpSawzjeabbnkm" Hiabhkc ak Zjenawilkkndllm nz maak hjsqaab vanbnmeancznzzqa hhk ca lwca ihhw chhw nok }ab nzzqaz vhkjqbsqqwenzslwna ak vwnoeanc vawzqz khsqqwbnoda c~khinad ak iaamwlanak ias ca aa li ca vanbnmeanc lp ca bhkma sawinok sa}hhwglwmak+ Gqnsakcnodza magnacak ias pwlgbaiak nok vllwhb ehvakz" dhcak" pnawak ak vaawchiiak" cna kq gno ellm }hsaw hb nk capwlgbaiak dliak+ Aw nz ajesaw }anknm cnzjqzzna lvaw ak aw nok klm maak lpblzznkmak nk gaabc+ Ca las}hsawvllw naknkm vllw cabhkcglq} lp ca vhzsabhkczdqzs nz hfehkdabnod vhk ca }hsawvllwwhhc nk eas NOzzabiaaw+ Ca cwnkd}hsawvllw naknkm lp ca anbhkcak nz kqhb aak bhzsnma shhd vllw ca cwnkd}hsawgacwnovak+ Knaq}a ncaak li hhk ca cwnkd}hsawvwhhm sa vlbclak nok l+h+ eas lasa }hsaw mhhk

magwqndak chs eas }hsawzjehp qnszbhhs khhw aa" ak ias sajeknad ca }hsawvwhhm khhw gakacak gwakmak+ Vllw eas vawvlbm vhk caphwsnjnphsna lqcak hjsnvnsansak nje ilasak wnjesak lp ca zshdaelbcawmwlapak cna klm knas hhk glc nok madliak? khsqqw"bhkczjehp" inbnaq" IDG" gqwmawz" wajwahksak" iacnh" slawnzia ak vnzzawno+ Ca wazplkcaksak nok savwacak lvaw ca jliiqknjhsnavhkqns eas Cabshpwlmwhiih ]hccak+ _a lqcak }ab iaaw nkflwihsna }nbbak lvaw ca lwmhknzhsnazswqjsqqw ak eas pwljaz , capwljacqwaz vhk eas Cabshpwlmwhiih ]hccak+ Eas vawvlbm vhk ca phwsnjnphsnazswhsamna vllw eas Cabshpwlmwhiih ]hccak dhk qns cavlbmakca lkcawcabak gazshhk? Aupawsnza gaswaddak" kas}awd qnsglq}ak ak swhkzphwhksna ak lpakeanc gnacak+

Swaf}llwcak? ]hccakmagnac" }hsawvanbnmeanc" las}hsawvllw naknkm" zshdaelbcawz" phwsnjnphsna

Flsl lizbhm? Vlmabdnodeqs lp ca Pqks vhk Wanca" Mwlknkmaw ]hccakdqzs %Dblzsawihkk" 7088.

NZZK 8166)=8>=

Cns whpplws nz mwhsnz sa cl}kblhcak vhk }}}+hbsawwh+}qw+kb %mh khhw Hbsawwh)whpplwsak.+ Hbsawwh ]hmaknkmak QW vawzswads maakmacwqdsa auaipbhwak vhk whpplwsak+ Macwqdsa auaipbhwak nok vawdwnomghhw vnh aak ausawka bavawhkjnaw+ Dnod enawvllw lp}}}+whpplwsgazsabbak+kb+

7087 Hbsawwh %nkzsnsqqs gnkkak ca wajeszpawzllk Zsnjesnkm Cnakzs Bhkcglq}dqkcnm Lkcaw lad.

Plzsgqz 3=4 6=00 HH ]hmaknkmak4 nkfl+hbsawwh@}qw+kb

Lvawkhia" vawvaabvlqcnmnkm lf lpakghhwihdnkm vhk ca a qnsmhva nz slamazshhk insz ias cqncabnoda gwlkvawiabcnkm+

Lvawkhia" vawvaabvlqcnmnkm lf lpakghhwihdnkm nz knas slamazshhk vllw jliiawjnba clabankcak ak,lf mabcabnod ma}nk+

Lvawkhia" vawvaabvlqcnmnkm lf lpakghhwihdnkm nz knas slamazshhk vllw cna macaabsak vhk ca a qnsmhva }hhwvhk cqncabnod nz chs

ca hqsaqwzwajesak bnmmak gno cawcak ak,lf nok vllwgaelqcak+

Hbsawwh hhkvhhwcs maak hhkzpwhdabnodeanc vllw avaksqaba zjehca vllwsvblanakc qns eas magwqnd vhk ca wazqbshsak vhk cns lkcaw lad lfca slaphzznkm vhk ca hcvna ak+

Hbsaww h)wh pplw s 7: 1=]hmaknkmak" zapsaigaw 7087


6/85

Nkelqc

Zhiakvhssnkm =

8 Nkbancnkm? clabak vhk phwsnjnphsna nk eas ]hccakmagnac > 8+8 Hjesawmwlkc? eas Cabshpwlmwhiih ]hccakmagnac > 8+7 Clab ak lkcaw ladzvwhmak > 8+: Hhkphd ak baaz}no aw >

7 Hkhb~za lpakghwa gwlkkak lvaw dqzsvanbnmeanc nk eas ]hccakmagnac 88 7+8 Vwhhmzsabbnkm ak iaselca 88 7+7 Pwnihnwa }hsawdawnkmak ]hccakanbhkcak 87

7+: Zshkc vhk hdak vanbnmeanczcnzjqzznaz ]hccakanbhkcak ankc 7088 8: 7+3 Pwnihnwa }hsawdawnkmak vhzsabhkczdqzs ]hccakmagnac 83 7+1 Jlkjbqzna? }hs nok ca vanbnmeancznzzqaz nk eas ]hccakmagnac< 81

: Mazpwadzwlkca dqzsvanbnmeanc ak las}hsawvllw naknkm 8= :+8 Iaselca mazpwadzwlkca 8= :+7 Pwlgbaiak nk eas ]hccakmagnac 8>

:+7+8 Gnkkakcnodza vanbnmeanc 8> :+7+7 Gqnsakcnodza vanbnmeanc 78 :+7+: _las}hsawpwlgbaiak 73 :+7+3 Maqbak ak vhhwwlqsaz 76

:+7+1 Zhiakvhssnkm? pwlgbaiak nk eas ]hccakmagnac vlbmakz ca zshdaelbcawz 7= :+: Lpblzznkmak vllw vanbnmeanc ak las}hsawvllw naknkm 75 :+:+8 Iaawbhhmzvanbnmeanc 75 :+:+7 Wazawvawnkmz lkaz 7> :+:+: Lvawzbhmgazsakcnma cnodak :8 :+:+3 Iqbsnfqkjsnlkaba cnodak :7 :+:+1 Nksamwhba lpblzznkmak ias khsqqw :: :+:+6 Khsqqwbnoda c~khinad ak hkczqppbasnaz :1 :+:+= D}abcawz :6 :+:+5 Cnodwnkm ak cqnkak lp ca anbhkcak := :+:+> _las}hsaw lpblzznkmak :>

:+:+80 Zhiakvhssnkm? lpblzznkmak vlbmakz ca zshdaelbcawz 30 :+3 Hhkdklpnkmzpqksak vllw vawvlbm phwsnjnphsnapwljaz 37 :+3+8 Mlac lks}nddabca lkcawbnkma wabhsnaz 37 :+3+7 Pwlgbaihsnzjea lkcawbnkma wabhsnaz 33 :+3+: Jliiqknjhsna cllw eas Cabshpwlmwhiih 36 :+3+3 Zshdaelbcawz ias sladlizszswhsamnak 35 :+3+1 Ilknslwnkm}akzak vhk zshdaelbcawz 10 :+3+6 Zhiakvhssnkm ilmabnodeacak vllw jliiqknjhsna ak zhiak}awdnkm 17

3 Jlkjbqznaz? hhkdklpnkmzpqksak vllw aak phwsnjnphsnapwljaz nk eas ]hccakmagnac 1: 3+8 ]hs nok gabhkmwnoda seaihz nk eas ]hccakmagnac< 1:

3+8+8 Vanbnmeanc lp eas vhzsabhkc? gnkkakcnodz 1:


7/85

3+8+7 Vanbnmeanc lp eas vhzsabhkc? gqnsakcnodz 11 3+8+: Vanbnmeanc lp ca anbhkcak ak khsqqwbnoda c~khinad 11 3+8+3 _las}hsawvllw naknkm lp ca anbhkcak ak lp ca vhzsabhkczdqzs 1=

3+7 ]abda lwmhknzhsnaz nok gabhkmwnod vllw eas Cabshpwlmwhiih< 15 3+: ]abda jliiqknjhsna) ak pwljaz}akzak eaggak ca zshdaelbcawz< 1>

3+3 Vawvlbmlkcaw lad nzzqaz ak jliiqknjhsna ]hccakmagnac 60

1 Ilcabbak vllw pwljazlks}awp 68 1+8 Wlkcakilcab vhk Sanzihk 68 1+7 Wqmg~ghb ilcab vllw cwhhmvbhd gno ilknslwnkm 67 1+: Pwljazlks}awp Wqnisa vllw ca Wnvnaw 67 1+3 Pwljazlks}awp _}hdda Zjehdabz 63 1+1 Jliiqknjhsna ak phwsnjnphsna whpplws 7080 61 1+6 Jlkjbqznaz vllw phwsnjnphsnapwljaz CP ]hccak 7087)7083 66

6 Hcvnaz vawvlbm phwsnjnphsnapwljaz 6>

6+8 Qnsmhkmzpqksak vllw jliiqknjhsna ak phwsnjnphsna 6> 6+7 Aupawsnza gaswaddak =0 6+: Kas}awd qnsglq}ak =8 6+3 Swhkzphwhksna ak lpakeanc =:

Bnsawhsqqw =1

Gnobhma 8 Nkswlcqjsna ak vwhmakbnozs mazpwadzwlkca gno ellfczsqd : ==

Gnobhma 7 Jlcaz pwnihw~ cljqiaksz shgab gno ellfczsqd : =>

Gnobhma : Shgab gno ellfczsqd 7 58


8/85

Hbsawwh)whpplws 7:1= =

Zhiakvhssnkm

Cns whpplws nz mazjewavak nk lpcwhjes vhk eas Cabshpwlmwhiih ]hccakmagnac+ Cns lkcaw lad hkhb~zaaws cadakknz cna gno cnvawza bldhba zshdaelbcawz hhk}a nm nz" avakhbz eqk gabhkmak gno ak vnznaz lp vanbnmeanc lp caanbhkcak ak ca vhzsabhkczdqzs+ Ca hjsqaba cnzjqzznaz lvaw vanbnmeanc nok lkcaw ljes vnh aak cazdzsqcna+Chhwkhhzs nz aw aak mazpwadzwlkca maelqcak ias vawsamak}llwcnmawz vhk pwlvnkjnaz" maiaaksak"}hsawzjehppak" ca bhkcglq}lwmhknzhsna ak akdaba mwlsa gacwnovak+ Klm lkvlbclakca hhk glc madliak nokkhsqqw" bhkczjehp" inbnaq" IDG" gqwmawz" wajwahksak" iacnh" slawnzia ak vnzzawno+

Gnkkakcnodza vanbnmeanc? bhkmz ca vhzsabhkczdqzs vhk ca cwna }hccak)pwlvnkjnaz vlbclak cabak vhk cnodak knashhk ca Cabshklwi+ Ela}ab bhkmz ca vhzsabhkczdqzs chhc}awdabnod pwlgbaiak ilasak }lwcak lpmablzs nz chhwwabhsnaf }anknm ihhszjehppabnoda cnzjqzzna lvaw4 aw nok lp eas vhzsabhkc vaab ilmabnoda lpblzznkmak lhbz

wqnisabnoda lwcaknkmzihhswamabak" iqbsnfqkjsnlkaba cnodak ak hhkbam,gaelqc vhk d}abcawz+

Lp Sauab ak Vbnabhkc zpabak plsaksnaab eafsnma vanbnmeanczcnzjqzznaz+ Aak mwlls caab vhk ca Sauabza cnod vlbclasknas ak lp Vbnabhkc bnmmak gabhkmwnoda cabak vhk eas gaglq}ca magnac gqnsakcnodz+ Lp Sawzjeabbnkm" Hiabhkc akZjenawilkkndllm nz maak hjsqaab vanbnmeancznzzqa hhk ca lwca+ Aw zpabak lp Sawzjeabbnkm" Hiabhkc akZjenawilkkndllm }ab nzzqaz vhk jqbsqqwenzslwna ak vwnoeanc vawzqz khsqqwbnoda c~khinad ak iaamwlanak ias ca

aa li ca vanbnmeanc lp ca bhkma sawinok sa }hhwglwmak+ Ca }hsawgaeaawcawz ak ca ga}lkawz gallwcabak cavanbnmeanc lp aak hkcawa ihknaw? }hsawgaeaawcawz gapawdak nje sls ca vanbnmeanc gnkkak ca lffnjnba cnodwnkmsaw}nob ga}lkawz khhw ca vanbnmeanc lp eas maeaba anbhkc dnodak+

Gqnsakcnodza magnacak ias pwlgbaiak nok vllwhb ehvakz" dhcaz" pnawak" ak vaawchiiak" cna kq gno ellm }hsaw

hb nk ca pwlgbaiak dliak+ Klslnwa vllwgaabcak nok ca vnzzawzehvak vhk Bhq}awzllm" ca pnaw gno Elb}awc akca ehvak vhk Hiabhkc+ Vawcaw nok gqnsakcnodza nkcqzswnasawwankak lp eas vhzsabhkc %Aaizehvak" Cak Eabcaw. aklp ca anbhkcak %KNL_ lp Sauab" nkcqzswnasawwank Hiabhkc. ilmabnod wnznjlvlb+ Aw nz ajesaw }anknm cnzjqzzna lvawak aw nok klm maak lpblzznkmak nk gaabc+

Ca las}hsawvllw naknkm vllw ca bhkcglq} lp ca vhzsabhkczdqzs nz hfehkdabnod vhk ca }hsawvllwwhhc nk easNOzzabiaaw4 ca a lppawvbhdsa}hsawvllwwhhc dhk nk ca sladlizs zjehhwzaw }lwcak+ Enawvllw nok maaklpblzznkmak hhkmacwhmak cllw ca wazplkcaksak+ Ca cwnkd}hsawvllw naknkm lp ca anbhkcak nz kq hb aak bhzsnmashhd vllw ca cwnkd}hsawgacwnovak+ Knaq}a ncaak li hhk ca cwnkd}hsawvwhhm sa vlbclak nok l+h+ eas lasa}hsaw mhhk magwqndak chs eas }hsawzjehp qnszbhhs khhw aa" ak ias sajeknad ca }hsawvwhhm khhw gakacakgwakmak+

Vllw eas vawvlbm vhk ca phwsnjnphsna lqcak hjsnvnsansak nje ilasak wnjesak lp ca zshdaelbcawmwlapak cna klmknas hhk glc nok madliak % na ca aawzsa hbnkah vhk ca a zhiakvhssnkm.+ Ca lkcawbnkma wabhsnaz sqzzakwamnlkhba ak bldhba lvaweacak nk eas ]hccakmagnac %pwlvnkjnaz" maiaaksak ak }hsawzjehppak. nok hb mlaclks}nddabc+ Chhwkhhzs gazshhk wabhsnaf vaab jlkshjsak sqzzak ca ]hccak)lvaweacak" khsqqwlwmhknzhsnaz akbhkcglq} nk eas ]hccakmagnac+ ]hs gaswafs ca ga}lkawz nok aw vllwhb wabhsnaz sqzzak lvaweacak ak caanbhkcawz+ Aw nok }anknm wabhsnaz sqzzak ca lvaweacak ak ca vhzsabhkczdqzs)ga}lkawz+ Lld nok aw wabhsnaf}anknm jlkshjsak sqzzak lvaweacak ak eas gacwnofzbavak" hfma nak vhk akdaba mwlsa zpabawz lhbz ca KHI+

Ca wazplkcaksak nok savwacak lvaw ca jliiqknjhsna vhkqns eas Cabshpwlmwhiih ]hccak+ _a lqcak }abiaaw nkflwihsna }nbbak lvaw ca lwmhknzhsnazswqjsqqw ak eas pwljaz , ca pwljacqwaz vhk eas Cabshpwlmwhiih

]hccak+


9/85

5 Hbsawwh)whpplws 7:1=

Hbz nkzpnwhsnagwlk vllw eas pwljazlks}awp }lwcak nk cns whpplws s}aa wajaksa pwljazilcabbak gazpwldak? easWlkcakilcab vhk Sanzihk ak eas Wqmg~ghb ilcab vhk Sniiawihk+ Chhwkh }lwcs khmamhhk }abda bazzak sabawak nok vhk ca vllwgaabcak Wqnisa vllw ca Wnvnaw ak _}hdda Zjehdabz+ Slamaphzs lp eas ]hccakmagnacbancs cns sls ca vlbmakca hhkgavabnkmak?

Aak nksamwhba clabzsabbnkm vllw eas ]hccakmagnac eaafs hbz iaaw}hhwca chs eas zhiak}awdnkm"

cwhhmvbhd ak nkklvhsna dhk gavlwcawak+ Eas nz gabhkmwnod ca pwnlwnsawnkm vhk eas Cabshpwlmwhiih ]hccakmagnac ak ca

fnkhkjnawnkmzilmabnodeacak eabcaw sa ihdak+ Ca wlbbak vhk vawzjenbbakca lvaweacak nk eas pwljaz ilasak vaweabcawc }lwcak+ Jliiqknjhsna ak phwsnjnphsna ilasak pwlfazznlkaab }lwcak lkcawzsaqkc+

Maghzaawc lp glvakzshhkca bazzak dhk eas vawvlbm vhk ca phwsnjnphsnazswhsamna vllw eas Cabshpwlmwhiih]hccak qns ca vlbmakca lkcawcabak gazshhk?

8+ Aupawsnza gaswaddak+ Eas gabhkmwnodzsa clab nk ca aupblwhsnava fhza nz ca oqnzsa dakknz lp shfab sadwnomak+ Chhwgno mhhs eas adaw knas hbbaak li }asakzjehppabnoda dakknz" ihhw lld li awvhwnkmzdakknzqns eas ]hccakmagnac+

7+ Kas}awd qnsglq}ak+ Eas s}aaca clab nz eas lks}nddabak vhk aak qnsmagwanc wabhsnakas}awd }hhw nk aakvlbmakca fhza %kh 7083. iaa vawcaw dhk }lwcak ma}awds+ Chhwvllw nz gabhkmwnod gno sa elqcak }nagaswlddak nok ma}aazs ak }hhwli4 ihhw lld li ca wabhsnaz lwmvqbcnm sa gaehkcabak ak ca zfaawmlac sa elqcak+

:+ Swhkzphwhksna ak lpakeanc gnacak+ Swhkzphwhksna nz jwqjnhhb vllw eas gaelqcak vhk aak wapqshsna vhkgaswlq}ghhweanc+ Ela}ab aw nk ca a fhza klm maak zpwhda nz vhk cailjwhsnzjea gazbqnsvlwinkm" nz aw}ab aak cailjwhsnzje wajes lp nkflwihsna+ Chhwli ilas }lwcak makvazsaawc nk ca lpakghwajliiqknjhsna vnh l+h+ }agznsaz+


10/85

Hbsawwh)whpplws 7:1= >

8 Nkbancnkm? clabak vhk phwsnjnphsna nk eas ]hccakmagnac

8+8 Hjesawmwlkc? eas Cabshpwlmwhiih ]hccakmagnac

Cns whpplws nz mazjewavak nk lpcwhjes vhk eas Cabshpwlmwhiih ]hccakmagnac+ Eas Cabshpwlmwhiih]hccakmagnac wnjes nje lp ca vwhhmzsqddak wlkc vanbnmeanc ak las}hsawvllw naknkm nk eas ]hccakmagnac lpbhkma sawinok" lkcaw hkcawa ias eas llm lp dbnihhsvawhkcawnkm+ Lkcaw}awpak nok lkcaw hkcawa vanbnmeanc nkwabhsna sls aazpnamabzsnomnkm" nksamwhhb dqzs) ak anbhkcgaeaaw" ca zacniakseqnzelqcnkm ak c~khinad vhk ca]hccak aa" ca wacqjsna vhk mlbf}awdnkm cllw d}abcawz ak zbngvabcak" ak nkklvhsnava cnodjlkjapsak vllwslaphzznkm lp ca ]hccakanbhkcak ak bhkmz ca vhzsabhkczdqzs vhk eas ]hccakmagnac+

Hchpshsna hhk dbnihhsvawhkcawnkm nz knas hbbaak aak sajeknzje vwhhmzsqd+ Gno zshdaelbcawz nk eas ]hccakmagnacbavak qnsaakblpakca ncaak" aw nok vawzjenbbakca gabhkmak ak aw nok wnznjlz klm lkvlbclakca nk gaabcmagwhjes+ Aw nok dhkzak vllw zhiak}awdnkm ak nkklvhsna" ak aw bnms lld aak qnschmnkm li lp snoc iasgaswlddakak nk eas ]hccakmagnac sa pwhsak lvaw ca sladlizsnma lks}nddabnkmak ak ilmabnoda lpblzznkmak+ EasCabshpwlmwhiih ]hccakmagnac }nb chhwli ca aupawsnza vhk ]hmaknkmak QW ak Cabshwaz lp eas magnac vhkmlvawkhkja magwqndak gno eas lks}nddabak vhk phwsnjnphsnapwljazzak vllw ca anbhkcak ak vllw cabak vhk easvhzsabhkc+

8+7 Clab ak lkcaw ladzvwhmak

Ca a hkhb~za cnaks vllw eas lks}awp ak ca qnsvlawnkm vhk aak phwsnjnphsnapwljaz nk aak vawvlbmfhza4 aakma hiakbnoda hhkphd ias zshdaelbcawz nk eas magnac li sls aak bhkma sawinok zswhsamna sa dliak vllw cadqzsvanbnmeanc ak ca las}hsawvllw naknkm+ Clab nz ias ca zswhsamnak vhk eas Cabshpwlmwhiih hhk sa zbqnsakgno ca bldhba dhkzak" ca bldhba kas}awdak ak ca bldhba gabavnkm ak ncaksnsans vhk ca phwsnoak nk eas]hccakmagnac+ Gabhkmwnodzsa lkcaw ladzvwhmak nok?

]hs nok gabhkmwnoda seaihz nk wabhsna sls vanbnmeanc ak las}hsawvllw naknkm nk eas ]hccakmagnac< ]abda lwmhknzhsnaz nok gabhkmwnod vllw eas Cabshpwlmwhiih< ]abda }akzak bavak aw gno ca zshdaelbcawz vllw jliiqknjhsna ak phwsnjnphsna vhkqns eas

Cabshpwlmwhiih ak }abd pwljazlks}awp phzs chhwgno nz aak dqzszqppbasnaqnsmavlawc lp ca llzspqks vhk eas anbhkc %sls" 8"5 inbolak dqqg.+

Cnodwnkm 1 Sauabnz aak ma hiakbnoda vawhks}llwcabnodeanc vhk Wnodz}hsawzshhs %cqnkak. akEllmeaaiwhhczjehp Elbbhkcz Kllwcawd}hwsnaw %}hccakcnod4 73 di bhkm.+ Ca vanbnmeanczklwi nz 8?3+000+ Aw nzcnzjqzzna lvaw ca kllc hdabnoda vawgasawnkm vhk ca }hccakcnod lvaw aak bakmsa vhk 8= di+

Nk ca dliakca ohwak gazpwadak Wnodz}hsawzshhs ak ]assawzdnp Fw~zbk lld ca lvawcwhjes vhk ca pwnihnwahkcnma dawnkmak lp Hiabhkc" Sawzjeabbnkm ak Vbnabhkc+ Ca pwnihnwa dawnkmak elwak lkcaw ca

vawhks}llwcabnodeanc vhk ca }hsawzjehppak sa vhbbak znkcz ca nkvlawnkm vhk ca ]hsaw}as nk 700>+ Ca hkcnmadawnkmak lp ca anbhkcak nok hbbaihhb vanbnm4 ca dqzsbnok lwm nz nk ehkcak vhk Wnodz}hsawzshhs cna dqzszqppbasnaz


14/85

Hbsawwh)whpplws 7:1= 8:

eaafs qnsmavlawc nk 700> lp Vbnabhkc %8"5 inbolak dqgnada iasaw." nk 7080 lp Hiabhkc %> inbolak dqgnadaiasaw. ak nk 7088,7087 lp Sauab %jh+ 1 inbolak dqgnada iasaw.+

Flsl? ]hccakcnod Sawzjeabbnkm

7+: Zshkc vhk hdak vanbnmeanczcnzjqzznaz ]hccakanbhkcak ankc 7088

SauabCa vawzsawdnkm vhk ca cnod vhk Sauab nz plsaksnaab aak eafsnma jlkswlvawza lichs aak gwaca jlhbnsna lp easanbhkc akaw nocz ak Ellmeaaiwhhczjehp Elbbhkcz Kllwcawd}hwsnaw hkcaw nocz ca iaazs }akzabnoda lpblzznkmvawzjenbbakc gakhcawak+ Ca awkzs vhk ca pwlgbaiak lp Sauab bnods klmhb hf sa ehkmak vhk mlbfiasnkmak akcawmabnoda cllw W]Z,Cabshwaz+ Ca jwnsawnh cna eas wnznjl gaphbak zpabak enawgno aak wlb ak ca fansabnodalks}nddabnkmak" lhbz ca mlbflpbllp cna gno Sauab nz vawellmc %ak gno Hiabhkc nz vawbhhmc.+ Nk ca Sauabzajlqwhks c+c+ 71 klvaigaw 7088 nz hhkmamavak chs eas vllwdaqwzhbsawkhsnaf vhk ca gwaca anbhkcjlhbnsna %aakgqnsakcnodza hkccnod. >0 inbolak aqwl dlzs ak gnkkakcnodz hbsawkhsnavak ihunihhb :3 inbolak aqwl4 camaiaaksa mhhs lp lad khhw fnkhkjnawnkm+ Ca pwlvnkjna eaafs lld majlkjbqcaawc chs aak gqnsakcnodzalpblzznkm }abnz}hhw iaaw mabc dlzs" ihhw }ab sajeknzje ak ajlblmnzje dhk+ Iacnl 7087 vhbs ca cafnknsnavagazbnzznkm+ Cns gbnofs cqz aak nksawazzhksa jhzqz+

VbnabhkcCa vwhhm }hhw ca cnodwnkm %pwnihnwa }hsawdwnkm. lp Vbnabhkc ilas dliak sa bnmmak nz plsaksnaab aak eafsnmad}azsna+ Lp cns iliaks bnms ca cnodwnkm li eas clwp Llzs)Vbnabhkc ak nz hhkvqbbakc ca llzsabnoda ak kllwcabnoda

aawaap vawzsawds+ Ca cnzjqzzna mhhs lvaw ca vwhhm }hhw ca cnodwnkm ilas dliak ak }abda gaglq}nkm


15/85


chhwiaa gnkkakcnodz dlis ak cqz aak }assabnoda gazjeawinkm dwnoms+ Enawiaa nok qnsawhhwc mwlsa pawzllkbnodagabhkmak" ajlklinzjea gabhkmak" dlzsak ak vanbnmeanczmavlabakz mailanc+ Slje nz lld enaw }anknm nkflwihsnalvaw sa vnkcak+ Nk ca knaq}ohhwzslazpwhhd vhk ca gqwmaiaazsaw }hz eas maak lkcaw}awp+ Nk 7003 eaafs easPwlvnkjnhhb Lvawbamlwmhhk Dqzs aak zsqcna machhk khhw swhj)vhwnhksak lp Vbnabhkc+ Nk 7001,7006 nz aakbhkcabnod gabanczswhoajs mazshws lvaw ca %dqzs.gazjeawinkm ak eas gazjeawinkmzknvahq vhk ca gqnsakcnodza

magnacak nk ca cawsnak dqzspbhhszak %wnznjlpbhhszak. }hhwlkcaw ca Llzs)Vbnabhkc ak ]azs)Sawzjeabbnkm+ Khhwhhkbancnkm chhwvhk nz mazsabc chs lp ca ]hccakanbhkcak aawzs eas gqnsakcnodz magnac cqncabnod ilas }lwcakvhzsmabamc %cllw ca }hsawdawnkmgaeaawcaw. nk ca vlwi vhk ca pwnihnwa }hsawdawnkm nk ca bammaw+

SawzjeabbnkmLp Sawzjeabbnkm nz ca cnzjqzzna lvaw ca Jqpnclplbcaw ak ca Glzjepbhhs vawmabnodghhw ias cna lpZjenawilkkndllm" vllwhb vanbnmeanczmavlabakz nok nk eas macnkm+ Ias ca bhhszsa khohhwzzslwi %caj+ 7088.vawc}aak }aaw vnof eajshwa+ Ca dqzshfzbhm lp ca Glzjepbhhs nz ajesaw hb znkcz 8>=1 mhhkca4 znkczcnak %:1

ohhw. nz eas anbhkc 7+000 iasaw dlwsaw ma}lwcak ak 700 ) 710 eh dbankaw+ Nk ca pawnlca sls 8>=1 nz caGlzjepbhhs iaaw chk aak dnbliasaw hhkmamwlanc+ Ca Jqpnclplbcaw sak kllwcak vhk ca zsqnfcnod nz lkszshhkcllw khsqqwbnoda qnsgwancnkm vhk ca dqzs ak vhkhf 8>50 nz ca cqnkakwno sak kllwcak cllw dqzs}awd hhieacak

hfmazblsak+ Kq cwanms lld ca a plbcaw }aaw sa vawc}nokak+

HiabhkcVllw ca cnodvawzsawdnkm vhk ca 86 di bhkma }hccakcnod }lwcs vhk 700>)7083 aak pbhkzsqcna)swhoajs cllwblpak%ias hbba pwljacqwaz lhbz nkzpwhhd ak vawmqkknkmak.4 wahbnzhsna }lwcs vaw}hjes sqzzak 7083 ak 708=+ Cnsswhoajs nz knas jlkswlvawznaab+ Eas pwloajs vllw slabhsnkm vhk lqs }hsaw hhk ca llzsdhks vhk Hiabhkc }lwcscllw eas Fw~zda Mah knas cllwma as vhk}ama ca }aawzshkc gno ca Vakklls %vawaknmnkm vhk glawak cna chhwmwlkc ga nssak. ak ca maiaaksa+

ZjenawilkkndllmLp Zjenawilkkndllm nz hb cajakknh bhkm aak zbqniawakc jlkfbnjs wlkc eas gaeaaw vhk ca zsqnfcnod" ca pbhkkak

nssak klm zsaacz nk ca zsqcnafhza+

7+3 Pwnihnwa }hsawdawnkmak vhzsabhkczdqzs ]hccakmagnac

Ca vhzsabhkczcnodak vhk ca ]hccak aa nok knas lvawhb vanbnm? Kllwc)Elbbhkc %cnodwnkm 87 klwi 8?3+000 %]nawnkmak.. ak cnodwnkm 8: klwi 8?80+000 %Dlp vhk Kllwc)

Elbbhkc.4 Ellmeaaiwhhczjehp Elbbhkcz Kllwcawd}hwsnaw.? Ehvakcnod Cak Eabcaw %qnsmavlawc.4Dlamwhz aacnod Cak Eabcaw? gno elma }hsawzshkcak zswllis }hsaw lkcaw ca cnod cllw+ Enawcllw dhk cacnod nkzshgnab }lwcak %7087.4 Ghbm hkccnod lvaw aak bakmsa vhk 7"= dnbliasaw nz ca mwhzgadbacnkm knaszbnosvhzs %7080.4 Ellm}hsawdawnkm Cak Lavaw? gno auswaia }aawzznsqhsnaz gwadak ca ehvakchiiak ca

mlbvak knas maklam+ Enawcllw dhk aw sa vaab }hsaw lvawzbhhk %>00i4 ohhw


16/85

Hbsawwh)whpplws 7:1= 81

7+1 Jlkjbqzna? }hs nok ca vanbnmeancznzzqaz nk eas ]hccakmagnac0 inbolak aqwl dlzs %ca swhcnsnlkaba lpblzznkm }lwcs mazjehs lp:3 inbolak aqwl.+ Lp Vbnabhkc nok cabak vhk eas gaglq}ca magnac lp cns iliaks gqnsakcnodz ak ca pwnihnwadawnkm nz klm knas cafnknsnaf vhzsmabamc+

Nk ca jhzaz lp Sawzjeabbnkm" Hiabhkc ak Zjenawilkkndllm nz maak hjsqaab vanbnmeancznzzqa hhk ca lwca+ Cacnodwnkmak lp ca a anbhkcak vlbclak" iaca cllw ihhswamabak vhk ca bhhszsa ohwak+ Lp Sawzjeabbnkm bnms }ab aakcaab vhk eas clwp ]azs)Sawzjeabbnkm gqnsakcnodz+ Aw zpabak lp Sawzjeabbnkm" Hiabhkc ak Zjenawilkkndllm }abnzzqaz vhk jqbsqqwenzslwna ak vwnoeanc vawzqz khsqqwbnoda c~khinad ak iaamwlanak ias ca aa+ Aw nok cnzjqzznazlvaw ca zsqnfcnodak lp ca llzspqksak vhk ca a cwna anbhkcak" ihhw ca zsqnfcnodak gaelwak knas sls ca cnodwnkmakcna ca ga}llkca magnacak lp ca anbhkcak gazjeawiak+ Cns }lwcs cllw ca anbhkcawz hkcawz awvhwak? easslazshhk vhk iaaw c~khinad cllw eas }amehbak,cllwzsadak vhk aak zsqnfcnod lf eas slazshhk vhk hfzbhm vhk caGlzjepbhhs maafs eak aak mavlab vhk lkvanbnmeanc+ Ca cazdqkcnmak,khsqqwgaeaawcawz zsabbak chs eas lpakakvhk ca zsqnfcnod eas zacniakshsnapwljaz oqnzs gavlwcaws ak chs ca zsqnfcnodak kq sls ilwflblmnzjea vawzshwwnkm akajlblmnzjea vawlqcawnkm bancak+

Eas lkcaw}awp dqzsvanbnmeanc zpaabs knas zsawd lp ca anbhkcak+ Lvaw ca mazabajsaawca jhzaz nz nk ca bldhba akwamnlkhba pawz %Baaq}hwcaw Jlqwhks4 Chmgbhc vhk eas Kllwcak" Fwnazje Chmgbhc. ak lp ca maiaaksabnoda}agznsaz }anknm nkflwihsna sa vnkcak %lvaw Vbnabhkc ak Hiabhkc eas inkzsa" ihhw lld knas lvaw ca cwna hkcawajhzaz.+ Hbbaak ca d}azsna lp Sauab ehhbs ca pawz %Sauabza Jlqwhks.+ Ca iaazsa nkflwihsna nz sa vnkcak gno cankzsnsqsnlkaba phwsnoak lhbz W]Z ak ca }hsawzjehppak+


17/85



18/85

Hbsawwh)whpplws 7:1= 8=

: Mazpwadzwlkca dqzsvanbnmeanc aklas}hsawvllw naknkm

:+8 Iaselca mazpwadzwlkca

Li ca zshdaelbcawz qns eas ]hccakmagnac iaaw sa gaswaddak gno ca hjsnvnsansak vhk eas Cabshpwlmwhiih]hccakmagnac nz aak hhkshb mazpwaddak malwmhknzaawc+ Clabak vhk ca mazpwaddak }hwak?

vawdakknkm }hs aw baafs lkcaw zshdaelbcawz ak }abda lks}nddabnkmak ak vnznaz aw nok lp eas magnac vhkvanbnmeanc ak las}hsawvllw naknkm nk eas ]hccakmagnac4

vawdakkak vhk ilmabnodeacak sls zhiak}awdnkm sqzzak zshdaelbcawz ak eas Cabshpwlmwhiih]hccakmagnac4

zshdaelbcawz gaswaddak gno vllwgawancnkm vhk Llmzschm 85 ohkqhwn 7087+

Aw nok gnbhsawhba mazpwaddak mavlawc cllw? Znap Mwlak ak Oqcnse Dblzsawihkk ias maiaaksak" gacwnovak ak ihhszjehppabnoda lwmhknzhsnaz lp ca

vhzsa }hb4 Ehwwna Mwlak ak Oqcnse Dblzsawihkk ias vnaw }hsawzjehppak4 Pasaw ca Vwnaz ias pwlvnkjnaz4 ]nbbai Soagga Llzsakgwnkd" Hbgaws Ohk _nobzswh ak Eank Zhz %NDAG Nksamwhhb Dqzs) ak Anbhkcgaeaaw.

ias lwmhknzhsnaz lp ca anbhkcak+

Ca mazpwaddak cllw Znap Mwlak ak Ehwwna Mwlak nok mawhpplwsaawc cllw Oqcnse Dblzsawihkk" ca lvawnma

mazpwaddak cllw ca nksawvna}awz abf+ Vllw aak lvaw njes vhk hbba mazpwaddak na shgab :+8+ Vllw ca vwhmakbnozsna gnobhma 8+

Ca mazpwadzvawzbhmak nok nkmavlawc nk eas pwlmwhiih vllw d}hbnshsnava hkhb~za Hsbhz)sn+ Ca jlcabnozs akhhkshbbak xqlshsnlkz paw jlca nok sa vnkcak nk gnobhma 7+ Eas zlfs}hwapwlmwhiih eabps gno eas lwcakak vhk easihsawnhhb+ Ca nksawvna}wazqbshsak }lwcak nk cns ellfczsqd gazjewavak+

Nk ca mazpwaddak bnapak pwlgbaiak ak lpblzznkmak zliz cllw abdhhw? ca lpblzznkm cna ca aka phwsno vllwzsabsnz aak pwlgbaai vllw ca hkcaw" ak cna }aawzshkc bavaws }aaw aak enkcawknz nk eas pwljaz lp" cna aak pwlgbaaivlwis vllw ca phwsno cna ca lpblzznkm vllwzsabca+ Enaw ihdak }a aak cqncabnod lkcawzjeanc sqzzak akaw nocz caajesa pwlgbaiak }hhwiaa eas Cabshpwlmwhiih ak hkcawa hjslwak nje ga nmelqcak %phwhmwhhf :+7?

}hsawvanbnmeanc" las}hsawzjehhwzsa" sadlws zjenasakca nkfwhzswqjsqqw. ak hkcaw nocz ca lpblzznkmak cnachhwvllw nk gaabc nok %phwhmwhhf :+:.+

Akdaba mwlapak vhk zshdaelbcawz nok knas gaswlddak" }hhwlkcaw ca khsqqwgaeaawcawz ak ca wajwahsnazajslw+Mazpwaddak cna }ab }hwak mapbhkc ihhw knas iaaw nok qnsmavlawc }amakz snocmagwad lf }hhwvhk maakvawzbhmak }hwak?

Pwlvnkjna Kllwc)Elbbhkc Khsqqwlwmhknzhsnaz Mhzsawwh" Akaunz W]Z Kllwc Zshhszglzgaeaaw

Cabshpwlmwhiih Dqzs


19/85


Anbhkcaw Jlbbama Maiaaksa Zjenawilkkndllm Maiaaksa Hiabhkc Maiaaksa Sawzjeabbnkm Maiaaksa Vbnabhkc

Maiaaksa Sauab P]K %}hsawvllw naknkm Sauab.

Ca chsh nok enawcllw knas vaw hcnmc ak ca hkhb~za maafs aak nkjlipbaas gaabc+ Ca wazqbshsak nok slawandakchbz zshwspqks vllw vawcawa mazpwaddak ak hkcawa jliiqknjhsna) ak phwsnjnphsna hjsnvnsansak+

Lp akdaba lkcaw}awpak nok hkcawa caabzsqcnaz vhk eas Cabshpwlmwhiih ]hccakmagnac qnsmavlawc" }hhwvhkca whpplwsak aak vlbbacnma zshsa lf sea hws vhk cna lkcaw}awpak }aawmavak?

D}abcawz Nkklvhsnava cnodak Ilknslwnkm

Lvaw njes mavlawca mazpwaddak+

Lwmhknzhsna Fqkjsna,aupawsnza Hhkshbpawzlkak

Chsqi mazpwad

Pwlvnkjna Mwlknkmak Lks}nddabnkmzvnzna Aaizcabsh 8 5 cajaigaw 7087]assawzdnp Fw~zbhk Wqnisabnoda lks}nddabnkm ak }hsawdawnkmak 7 > ohkqhwn 7087CEV Gqnbcnkm }nse khsqwa 8 8 cajaigaw 7088Ellmeaaiwhhczjehp Elbbhkcz

Kllwcawd}hwsnaw

Zswhsamna" }hsawvanbnmeanc ak

las}hsawvllw naknkm

: 86 ohkqhwn 7087

]hsawzjehp Eqk a ak Hhz ]hsawvanbnmeanc 8 80 ohkqhwn 7087]hsawzjehp Kllwcaw nobvazs ]hsawvanbnmeanc" wqnisabnoda lwcaknkm 7 80 ohkqhwn 7087BSL Kllwc Bhkcglq}" dbnihhsvawhkcawnkm 7 86 cajaigaw 7088Pwlmwhiih Wnoda ]hccak aa Khsqqw" ilzzabzajslw 8 83 klvaigaw 7088]assawzdnp Fw~zbhk Pwnihnwa }hsawdawnkmak anbhkcak 8 85 ldslgaw 7088Kllwcsno Jliiqknjhsna ak Pwloajsgqwahq Jliiqknjhsna ak phwsnjnphsna 8 8 zapsaigaw 7088Khsqqwilkqiaksak Sawwankgaeaaw ]hccak 8 6 zapsaigaw 7088Inknzsawna vhk AB&N wamnl Kllwc Kacawbhkc Khsqwh 7000 8 :0 zapsaigaw 7088]hccakmaiaaksak Vawsamak}llwcnmnkm ]hccakmaiaaksak 7 87 ldslgaw 7088Pwlvnkjna Fw~zbhk ]hsawvanbnmeanc ak wqnisabnoda lwcaknkm 8 8= ldslgaw 7088Mwlknkmak Zahplwsz Ehvakgaeaaw" wqnisa ak inbnaq 7 1 cajaigaw 7088

Maiaaksak Faw}awcawhcnab akClkmawhcaab

Wqnisabnoda lwcaknkm< 7 = cajaigaw 7088

Maiaaksa Cak Eabcaw Ehvaklks}nddabnkm" wqnisabnoda lwcaknkm 7 81 cajaigaw 7088KHI 8 1 cajaigaw 7088Vnsakz Cwnkd}hsawvllw naknkm anbhkcak 8 71 klvaigaw 7088Slshhb hhkshb mazpwaddak? 8> Slshhb hhkshb pawzlkak 75


20/85

Hbsawwh)whpplws 7:1= 8>

:+7 Pwlgbaiak nk eas ]hccakmagnac

:+7+8 Gnkkakcnodza vanbnmeanc

Vllw Kllwc)Kacawbhkc mabcak vawzjenbbakca vanbnmeanczklwiak vllw aak lvawzswlinkmzdhkz? 8 lp 3000 ohhw

vllw cnodwnkm 6 %vhzsabhkc Fwnazbhkc ak Mwlknkmak." cnodwnkm 87 %]nawnkmak. ak cnodwnkm 1 %Sauab." 8 lp 7000 ohvllw cnodwnkmak 8 s,i 3 %Zjenawilkkndllm" Hiabhkc" Sawzjeabbnkm" Vbnabhkc. ak 8 lp 80+000 ohhw vllw cnodwnkm8: %lvawnm Kllwc)Elbbhkc.+ Nk eas s}aaca ak cawca Ellm}hsawgazjeawinkmzpwlmwhiih %E]GP. nok bhkmz cavhzsabhkczdqzs vhk Kllwc)Elbbhkc" Fwnazbhkc ak Mwlknkmak pbhhszak macaksnfnjaawc }hhw ca cnodak ca klwi knasehbak ak chhw }lwcs kq cllw ca }hsawzjehppak hhk ma}awds+ Nk ca Aaiz)Clbbhwc nz ca }hsawzshkc aak phhwdaaw elmaw ma}aazs chk vaw}hjes+

Eas nz gnkkakcnodz ihhw eas cnodvhd nz chhw zbajes" }hhw ca jeainzjea nkcqzswna ns ilas ca cnod }lwcak lpmaellmc+ %. enaw ns ca nkcqzswna gno Llzsawelwk" ca jeainzjea nkcqzswna vhk Cabf nob nz 81! vhk ca Kacawbhkcza jeaina+ %6?>.

]hs nd knas sawqm na nk ca zsqddak nz eas Aaiz)Clbbhwcmagnac" hbba azsqhwnh eaggak vhkhf 8>50 sa ihdak ias aak mwlan vhk ca ellmsa nk ag ak vblac" chhw nz maak hhkchjes vllw+ %6?1.

Nk akdaba mavhbbak mhhs eas li aak vawelmnkm" nk vaab hkcawa mavhbbak li ca gadbacnkm vhk ca cnod+Cnzjqzznapqks nz lkcaw hkcawa }hkkaaw ilas }lwcak gamlkkak ias hhkphzznkmak vllw ca bhkma sawinok+

Flsl? Cnod gno Cabf nob ak Aaizelsab lp phbak

Eas mhhs li ca slaszvllw}hhwcak vllw ca dlwsa sawinok" ak hbz cna knas vlbclak" chk gamnk oa hhk vawgasawnkmz}awdak ak chhwvllw ilas oa 71 lf 10 ohhw vllwqns dnodak< Lf mh oa maswhps hhk ca mhkm"gv+ aawzs ca gadbacnkm hhkphddak ak bhsaw phz ca ellmsa hhkphzzak hhk ca ehkc vhk

aazpnamabzsnomnkm" lf ihhd oa eai nk k daaw wlgqqzs< Chs ilas klm qnsmacldsawc }lwcak+ %81?70.


21/85


Clab nz chs ca aacnod vanbnm gbnofs lp bhkmawa sawinok" }a eaggak kas aak slasznkm maehc ias hfdaqwnkmak" ca aazpnamab wnozs" }a elavak cns E]GP knas nk vnof ohhw sa wahbnzawak" ca vlwnma nz nk 8>50 maihhds cqz }a dqkkak wqzsnm 70 ohhw kaiak li sa lwmak chs ca cnodak 10 ohhw chhwkh vlbclak" chhw dqkkak }a dliakc ohhw hb iaa gamnkkak+ %86?3.

Lp ca anbhkcak zshhs ca cnzjqzzna lvaw vanbnmeanc elmaw lp ca hmakch chk lp eas vhzsabhkc+ Ca vwhhm nz elaca vanbnmeanc vhk ca anbhkcga}lkawz lp bhkma sawinok vanbnm dhk }lwcak mazsabc+ Vllwhfmhhkc hhk ca slasznkmvhk ca vanbnmeanczklwi ilasak chhw aawzs ca pbhhsz vhk ca pwnihnwa dawnkmak }lwcak vhzsmazsabc" lichs cnavllw aak mwlls caab qns cqnkak gazshhk+ Lp Sauab" Hiabhkc ak Zjenawilkkndllm nz hb aak hddllwc gawands ak}lwcak ca vawhks}llwcabnodeacak vhk W]Z khhw ca }hsawzjehppak lvawmacwhmak+ Lp Sauab eaafsEllmeaaiwhhczjehp Elbbhkcz Kllwcawd}hwsnaw hbba ]hccakcnodak lkcaw ljes+ Lp Vbnabhkc ak Sawzjeabbnkmbllps ca cnzjqzzna klm+ _na lld phwhmwhhf :+:+5 Cnodwnkm ak cqnkak lp ca anbhkcak+

Lvaw ca s}aaca) ak cawcabhhmz vanbnmeanc nz knas vaab gadakc nk eas ]hccakmagnac+ ]hhw nzlvawzswlinkmzmavlabnma nkfwhzswqjsqqw ak nz cna lp aak lf hkcawa ihknaw gavanbnmc< Nk ca mazpwadzwlkca nz aakaawzsa nkvakshwnzhsna maihhds vhk fqkjsnaz ak bljhsnaz cna inzzjenak aak wnznjl vlwiak?

Cwnkd}hsaw?l Cllw lqs }hsaw dqkkak cwnkd}hsawpwlcqjsnabljhsnaz eqk }hhwca vawbna ak4 cns zpaabs hbbaak

lp ca anbhkcak" ca }nkknkmak lp eas vhzsabhkc nok ellm mabamak cqz ca a bnodak gqnsaklvawzswlinkmzmavhhw+

Mhz}nkknkm?l Dbanka }nkbljhsnaz bhkmz ca dqzs? Ilccawmhs" Bhq}awzllm" Vnaweqn ak" ]nkzqi ak Sawkhhwc

% nok nk 70:1 qns mapwlcqjaawc.+l ]nkknkmak nk eas gnkkakbhkc vhk Mwlknkmak? pwlcqjawak }hhwzjenokbnod cllw gno aak

lvawzswlinkm4 vaab bljhsnaz nok lkgaiakzc ak }lwcak vllwscqwakc mailknslwc+ Gno aaklvawzswlinkm pwlcqjawak ca a bljhsnaz hbbaak cllw hbz ca akawmnavllw naknkm khhw ca

plipak" zakzlwak ak hfzbqnsawz nk zshkc gbnofs+ Chs nz hbbaak eas mavhb hbz ca zjehdabdhzsakknas lkcaw }hsaw dliak sa zshhk snocakz aak lvawzswlinkm+ Eas mhhs chk knas hbbaak li cavllw naknkmak lp ca bljhsnaz" ihhw lld nk ca kas}awdak khhw ca a bljhsnaz+

l Gaehkcabnkmzbljhsnaz }hhw iakzak }awdak+l Iasawzshsnlkz }hhw mailknslwc }lwcs ak hfmabavawc hhk ca Mhzqkna+l Lpzbhmshkdz ias jlkcakzhhs %aak zllws cnazab. cna }adabnodz khhw ca Ihhzvbhdsa hfmavlawc

ilas }lwcak ias shkdhqslz+l Lpzbhmpbhhszak vllw mhz nk Klwm ak Mwnopzdawd? Klwm %Bhkmabl. bnms sa ellm vllw

lvawzswlinkm+ Abadswnjnsanszpwlcqjsna?

l Abajswhgab nk ca Aaizehvak" nk Cabf nob gnkkakcnodz+

Bhkcglq}?l Hmwnplws H= nk ca dlp vhk Kllwc)Elbbhkc ias dhzzakmagnacak %Maiaaksa Inccakiaaw.+l _lqs}hsaw lvaw ca hddawglq}magnacak nk eas kllwcak vhk Fwnazbhkc ak Mwlknkmak lq ca

mwlkc aak snocbhkm lkgwqndghhw ihdak+ Nkcqzswnasawwankak?

l Jeainzjea nkcqzswna lp nkcqzswnasawwank Llzsawelwk nk Cabf nob+l Chshjaksaw Mllmba nk Cabf nob+

Cns lvaw njes nz knas jlipbaas lichs eas lp aak gapawds hhkshb nksawvna}z nz maghzaawc+ Nk ca mazpwaddak }awczliz saw pbadda khmachjes lvaw lvawzswlinkmzwnznjlz vllw nkzshbbhsnaz ak abda lwmhknzhsna eaafs aak anmakvawehhb+ Eas dhk gasaw nk dhhws magwhjes }lwcak cllw nk mazpwad sa mhhk ias gacwnovak ak lwmhknzhsnaz cna nk


22/85


ca dqzs lka nok mavazsnmc+ Khhw hhkbancnkm vhk wajaksa %cwanmakca. lvawzswlinkmak eaggak }hsawzjehppak cns}abbnjes hb caabz qnsmavlawc+

Vllw gabhkmwnoda nkfwhzswqjsqqw lhbz ca akawmnavllw naknkm }lwcs mahwmqiaksaawc chs }abbnjes aak klwi vhk 8lp 80+000 klcnm hb nok nk pbhhsz vhk 8 lp 3000+

Inzzjenak ilas eas ma nak eas gabhkm vhk ca zswllivllw naknkm slje khhw aak dhkz vhk 8 lp 80+000


23/85


Vnsakz eaafs gqnsakcnodza cwnkd}hsaw}nkknkmak lp ca anbhkcak+ Ca iaazsa }hsaw}nkknkmak bnmmak vaw vhk caaa" ihhw lp Hiabhkc nz aak }hsaw}nkknkm gno Gqwak cna nk eas llm ilas }lwcak maelqcak+ Lp Hiabhkc nz lld

aak gqnsakcnodza mhz}nkknkm vhk ca KHI+

Lp Hiabhkc eaggak }a s}aa }nkknkmak" Elbbqi ak Gqwak+ Gno Gqwak nz chs vwno cnjes gno ca aawaap"

chs nz aak mavlabnm magnac+ Eas bnms gqnsak ca dawnkm ak chs nz vllw lkz aak hhkchjeszmagnac+ Hkcawa }nkknkmak bnmmak vawcaw vhk aa hf lf gno mwlanakca magnacak cqz chhw nz knas ajes aak pwlgbaai+%8?86.

Flsl? Aaizehvak ias s}aa dlbakjakswhbaz nk hhkglq}

Lp Hiabhkc nz chhw cnzjqzzna lvaw4 hbz aw aak }hze lvaw dlis" nz lk a }nkbljhsna chk inkcaw gawandghhw< Cqz eas dhk vllw lkz lkmaihd gasadakak+ Hbz eas vaw mhhs }lwcs eas }aaw aak hphws anbhkc kas hbz vwlamaw ak chk nz ca KHI)bljhsna ilanbnodaw gawandghhw lichs aw aak maqb nk ns+ %7?86.

Aw nok lld gqnsakcnodza magnacak ias inkcaw cwhhmdwhjesnma magwqndawz ak anmakhwak }hhw lvawzswlinkmak kqhb zjehca hhkwnjesak ak aak lpblzznkm klm knas vllwehkcak nz lhbz ca vnzzawzehvak vhk Bhq}awzllm" ca pnawgno Elb}awc ak ca ehvak vhk Hiabhkc+

Aw zshhs kq nk ca zswqjsqqwvnzna Bhq}awzllm" Pwlbllm? eas dhk knas l nok chs ca ehvak vhhd lvawzswllis" nk vnof ohhw eaafs cwna daaw }hsaw lp ca dhca mazshhk" chhwcllw whhds ca


24/85


lavawgazjelannkm gazjehcnmc" hkdawz vawbna ak dwhjes" aw nz zjehca hhk ca ehvak+ %. eas gasadakca fndza dlzsak vllw ca maiaaksak Clkmawhcaab ak Ca Ihwka+ %1?=.

Lp Hiabhkc nz iak zkab sls aak hddllwc madliak" khchs gbaad chs Hiabhkc ca vqqwslwak dlk dwnomak+ Cns gazbqns bnods }hs lvawehhzs" vllwhb lld lichs ca maiaaksa kq ca vawhks}llwcabnodeanc

eaafs lvaw ca vaawchi" cna ohhwbnodz cwna" vnaw daaw lkcaw }hsaw bllps+ Vllw aak mlaca slamhkdabnodeanc nz lpelmnkm kllc hdabnod lf eas hhkbammak vhk aak hkcawa vaawchi+ Cns pwloajs nz vhk sa mwlsa livhkm vllw aak maiaaksa+ %5?>.

Lp ca anbhkcak nz ca cnzjqzzna lvaw gnkkakcnodz)gqnsakcnodz hjsqaab lichs aw aak lvawcwhjes pbhhszvnkcs vhkvawhks}llwcabnodeacak vhk Wnodz}hsawzshhs khhw }hsawzjehppak ak maiaaksak+ Lp Sauab" Hiabhkc akZjenawilkkndllm nz ca cnzjqzzna hfmawlkc ias aak flwiaba vhzszsabbnkm vhk ca cnodwnkm ak aak lvawcwhjes vhkca vawhks}llwcabnodeanc khhw Elbbhkcz Kllwcawd}hwsnaw %vllw Sauab. ak ]assawzdnp Fw~zbk %vllw Hiabhkc akZjenawilkkndllm.+ Lp Vbnabhkc ak Sawzjeabbnkm bllps ca cnzjqzzna klm+

Lp Vbnabhkc }nbbak ca anbhkcawz ca cnodwnkm qnsmagwanc eaggak" lchs ca a li eas clwp" ca jhipnkm ak

eas gacwnovaksawwank nk Llzs eaak bllps+ Khhw vaw}hjesnkm %. hb aak mwlls caab vhk eas clwp aw }ab gnkkak mhhk vhbbak+ Jhipnkm ak gacwnovaksawwank hb aak ilanbnod vawehhb gbnodak+ Lp Sawzjeabbnkm nz ca cnzjqzzna lld klm mhhkca+ Ca anbhkcawz chhw nak ca cnodwnkm bnafzs sls hhk ca aawzsa cqnk+ W]Z }nb ca a l vaw ilmabnod khhw gnkkak bammak+ %87?3.

Flwiaab mabcs vllw gqnsakcnodz magnac chs }na chhw mavazsnmc nz abf vllw ca vanbnmeanc cnaks sa lwmak+ Cns nzaak zshkcpqks }hhw ias khia ca }hsawzjehppak hhk vhzselqcak+ Hkcawa %zain.lvaweacak lhbz maiaaksakak ehvakgacwnovak gnacak }ab mhwhksnaz hhk gacwnovak cna nje gqnsakcnodz vazsnmak+ Chhw }lwcak ajlklinzjeawacakak vllw hhkmavlawc? eas hhkswaddabnod ihdak vhk aak gqnsakcnodza vazsnmnkmzpbhhsz" eas vanbnmzsabbak vhkca zswllivllw naknkm vhk Kacawbhkc+

N? Oqbbna gailanak oa knas ias gqnsakcnodz< W8? Zswnds makliak eaggak }a chhw maak vawhks}llwcabnodeanc+ ]hhw nkvblac lp ca cnod nz }ab" lhbz gv nk ehvakz+W7? ]hsawzjehppak elavak gqnsakcnodz knas lp sa swacak+ %78?76.

Nk Aaizehvak nssak a gqnsakcnodz" nk Cabf nob gnkkakcnodz+ Aaizehvak nz anmakbnod aak mwlsa vawgwaca cnod+ %. Ihhw ca dhkz lp lvawzswlinkm nz nk ganca magnacak mabnod" 8 lp 3000+ %. Vhk eas gqnsakcnodz eaggak }a }ab ma amc chs eas magnac }hhw a glq}ak kas l vanbnm nz hbz eas gnkkakcnodza magnac+ %. ]a ehkcehvak ca zajqkchnwa cnod hbzlf eas lp pwnihnw knvahq bnms" chs eaggak }a ias ca gacwnovak hfmazpwldak+ %6?3" 6?77.

Nd vnkc }ab chs oa eas lp ilas kaiak" aak gabhkmwnod caab vhk ca zswllivllw naknkm dlis zswhdz qns

ca Aaizcabsh" cqz hbz chs qnsvhbs eag oa aak mwlls pwlgbaai nk Kacawbhkc" maak zswlli" lld maak }hsawgaeaaw }hks ca plipak }awdak knas iaaw+ %6?70.

Ca vawhks}llwcabnodeanc }lwcs nk ca pwhdsnod cqz slje cllw lvaweacak lpmaphds+ Aw dqkkak chhwcllwvawdaawca vaw}hjesnkmak gazshhk" gnovllwgaabc chs ca }hsawzjehppak ca gqnsakcnodza wnznjlz }ab nk dhhwseaggak magwhjes+


25/85


:+7+: _las}hsawpwlgbaiak

Eas aawzsa las}hsawpwlgbaai nz ca cwnkd}hsawvllw naknkm lp ca anbhkcak+ Cns nz kq hb aak bhzsnma shhd vllw cacwnkd}hsawgacwnovak %P]K lp Sauab ak Vnsakz lp ca hkcawa anbhkcak." lichs aw aak mwlsa pnadvwhhm nz nk ca

liaw ak eas mwlkc}hsawz~zsaai lp eas anbhkc ihhw gapawds }hsaw dhk bavawak lkcaw ca khsqqw sa zjehcak+

Ca }hsawvwhhm kaais sla cllw iaaw bqua }hsawvllw naknkmak ak cllw vawgwacnkm vhk eas wajwahsnazan lakkhhw vllw) ak khohhw+ Ca cwnkd}hsawgacwnovak eaggak aak }assabnoda bavawnkmzpbnjes cqz eas z~zsaai nzmacniakznlkaawc lp ca pnadvwhhm+ Cllw dbnihhsvawhkcawnkm dhk ca las}hsawvllw naknkm auswh nk mavhhwdliak?

Cllw cwllmsapawnlcaz dhk ca mwlkc}hsawvllwwhhc hfkaiak+ Aak lvawzswlinkm ias aa}hsaw lq }nkknkmak nk ca cqnkak dqkkak gacwanmak+ Vnsakz eaafs lp cns

iliaks nk abd mavhb k gqnsakcnodza }nkknkm lp Hiabhkc cna nk eas vn naw maelqcak ilas }lwcak+ Cllw vaw nbsnkm hbz mavlbm vhk aak elmawa aazpnamab dhk ca d}hbnsans vhk eas mwlkc}hsaw hfkaiak+ Khhzs dbnihhsvawhkcawnkm dqkkak lld sladlizsnma dbnihhslpblzznkmak aak wlb zpabak4 c~khinzjea

vanbnmeanczlpblzznkmak dqkkak gnovllwgaabc nkvblac eaggak lp ca las}hsawgab lkcaw ca cqnkak+

Hbz }a awkhhw zswavak ca dqzsbnok lkmavaaw lp abfca pbhhsz sa elqcak nz aw maak nkvblac lp ca las}hsawgab+ Hbz oa slazshhs chs nk eas dawkmagnac vhk aak anbhkc lqs}hsaw khhw gnkkak ihm nz chs

aak hkcaw vawehhb+ %. Cla eas chk knas nk ca anbhkcgllm" ihhw }hhw eas vhk khsqwa vllwdlis" lp ca dlp ak ca zshhws vhk eas anbhkc+%8?83" 8?70.

Nk aak plipzshsnlk }nb oa maak bhhm lqs}hsaw slabhsak+ %. hbz chhw aak bhhm lqs }hsaw lvaweaak dlis chk nz oa pqssakvabc vawwqkaawc+ %8?8=.

Lp eas vhzsabhkc nz ca cwnkd}hsawvllw naknkm maak nzzqa4 aw nz vlbclakca mwlkc}hsaw gazjendghhw+ Lld bnmmakca }nkknkmak nk Fwnazbhkc ak Mwlknkmak vaw vhk ca dqzs cqz aw nz maak mavhhw vllw lvawzswlinkm+

Aak s}aaca pwlgbaai nz ca nkcqzswna}hsawvllw naknkm nk ca ehvakz+ Gacwnovak magwqndak cwnkd}hsaw zliz vllwbhhm}hhwcnma slaphzznkmak %pwljaz}hsaw.+ Gno aak aaw mwlsa }hsawvwhhm blzzak gacwnovak abf eas pwlgbaailp" gnovllwgaabc ias aak anmak lks nbsnkmznkzshbbhsna+ Hbz }hsaw nk ca sladlizs zjehhwzaw }lwcs" hb iaaw aakgawlap lp gacwnovak }lwcak machhk li cns zllws anmak lpblzznkmak sa wahbnzawak+

Ca W]A mhhs cain}hsaw ihdak" Kqlk }nb lld pwljaz}hsaw mhhk bavawak" ca mhzjakswhba eaafs lld }hsaw klcnm+ %. W]A eaafs oqnzs cna vazsnmnkm nk ca Aaizehvak vhk}ama ca dlab}hsawgazjendghhweanc" a glq}ak abf }ab aak lks nbsnkmznkzshbbhsna+ %6?83" 6?81.

Ca KHI eaafs klm aak hkcawzllwsnm pwlgbaai? cllw ca mhz}nkknkm nz aak zllws dqnb lkszshhk nk Mwlknkmak" ak

ca KHI ilas kq gashbak vllw eas swhkzplws vhk lvawslbbnm las}hsaw ca eabbnkm lp khhw eas }azsak%Bhq}awziaaw.+ Vllw ca KHI lq eas ihddabnodaw nok eas }hsaw khhw eas llzsak hf sa vlawak" ias ca eabbnkmiaa khhw ca Aaiz" ihhw chhwvllw ilas knaq}a nkfwhzswqjsqqw }lwcak hhkmabamc+

Eas pwlgbaai eaggak }a caabz abf majwaawc ias lk a mhz}nkknkm" }a eaggak aak dqnb maihhds nk eas Mwlknkmza bhkczjehp+ Nk cna dqnb }lwcs kq }hsaw eabbnkm)lp}hhwsz khhw Bhq}awziaaw hfmavlawc"chs lqcak }a gasaw khhw ca Aaiz dqkkak mhhk hfvlawak }hks ca eabbnkm kanms kq ca hkcawa dhks lp chk vwlamaw+ %7?5.

Aak cawca pwlgbaai nz ca las}hsawvllw naknkm vllw ca bhkcglq} lp ca vhzsabhkczdqzs+ Cllw aak elmawaaazpnamab lq vaw nbsnkm lp dqkkak swacak4 cllw bhkmawa cwllmsapawnlcak }lwcak llmzsak gacwanmc+ Lld

gaphhbca lpblzznkmak vllw khsqqw % las) lqs lvawmhkmak. ak lpblzznkmak vllw vanbnmeanc %lvawzbhmcnodak"


26/85


kllcgawmnkmak. dqkkak eas lasa bhkcglq}}hsaw gacwanmak+ Vllwhb glbbak nok aak mavlabnm ma}hz4 cns zpaabsvhklqcz nk Kllwc)Elbbhkc ihhw nk Mwlknkmak kaais ca glbbaksaabs lld sla+

N? Lvawzbhm nz hbbaak mlbfslppak cqz ias ca gazshhkca }hsawmhkmak dqkkak }a chs hfvlawak+ %. W? Chs nok d}abzblsak ak ias vawzkabc hfvlawak lq oa eas lvawzbhhkca }hsaw }am dqkkak bhsak mhhk+

Ihhw hbz cllw aak pnad ak aak lvawzswlinkm ca lqsbhzs slakaais" ela vaw dwnom oa eas chk }aaw khhw gakacak ak ela bhkm cqqws eas vllwchs oa eas d}nos gaks< %. Lkcaw }abda lizshkcnmeacak lvawzswllis eas nkcawchhc" gv+ hbz zblsak hb vlb zshhk ias }hsaw< %. Hbz lvaw oa mwlkc lqs }hsaw dlis gak oa vawdljes+ %83?5.

Nk sealwna nz lqsslbawhksa bhkcglq} aak lpblzznkm" ihhw ca hmwhwnzjea gacwnovak }nbbak iqbsnfqkjsnlkababhkcglq}+

Iqbsnfqkjsnlkhbnsans nz oqnzs ca dwhjes vhk ca a wamnl" ias iqbsnfqkjsnlkaab gaclabak }a chk chs oa abd ma}hz awlp dqks sabak" l cafnknwak }no chs+ %83?8:.

Aak mwlls caab vhk Fwnazbhkc ak Mwlknkmak nz hfehkdabnod vhk ca }hsawvllwwhhc nk eas NOzzabiaaw4}hsawzjehppak pwlgawak chhw vllw ca sladlizs hfzpwhdak lvaw sa ihdak+

Oa ilas eas NOzzabiaawhddllwc iaakaiak" }hhwnk ca elavaabeanc }hsaw nz mawamabc+ Nd gamwnop chs aw aak zllws maksbaihkz hmwaaiaks nz chs lk a jbhni lp NOzzabiaaw}hsaw knas }lwcs vawellmc" ak oa }nbs bnavaw lld knas nkbavawak" }hks ca }hsawvwhhm kaais sla" lld cllw dbnihhsvawhkcawnkm+ %81?78.

Aw nz aak jlkvakhks ias eas Wnod lvaw eas NOzzabiaaw" chhw elqcak }a eas Wnod hhk }hks eas nz aak bavakzhcaw" }no plipak eas lp cllw eas eaba magnac" vhkqns Fwnazbhkc ak Kllwcaw nobvazs sls hhk Saw Hpab" chs nz 80 iasaw pbqz" ak hhk ca Cwaksza dhks sls hhk Dbh nakhvaak" chs nz 83 iasaw pbqz+ Hbz }a chs knas clak chk zshhs lkz magnac nk ca liaw cwllm" chk dwnom oa cna zslf}lbdak nk ca liaw" nk aak

chm ak aak khjes dhk chk aak zblls cnjesma}hhnc nok" mabqddnm zshhs aw kq iaazshb mwlakgaiazsnkm lp+ Cna hhkvlaw vhk NOzzabiaaw}hsaw nz eaab }a akbnod+ %86?85.

Flsl? Hddawglq} hjesaw ca Mwlknkmaw cnod


27/85


:+7+3 Maqbak ak vhhwwlqsaz

Lichs ca ]hccak aa aak c~khinzje z~zsaai nz vawhkcawak maqbak klmhb aakz vhk pbhhsz+ Vhhwmaqbak zbnggakcnjes ak cnapa maqbak dliak mavhhwbnod cnjes gno dhcak ak dqkzs}awdak+ Chs dhk ca nkfwhzswqjsqqw gacwanmak cnalp ca gazshhkca maqbak nz hfmazsaic+ Ca vhhwwlqsaz }lwcak lkcawelqcak cllw inccab vhk ghmmawak+ Zliz

nz ca maqb slje knas samak sa elqcak ak ilas iak ca nkfwhzswqjsqqw vawbammak+

Sauab? Ca maqb sqzzak ca Elwz ak ca Wh akca Glb kanms cnjes sa zbnggak+ Vllw ca khsqqw nz eas mlac hbz chs magaqws+ Vw ca Wh akca Glb lkszshhk hb }aaw knaq}a ghkdak+ Aw bnms aak gaslkkak maqb"W]Z ghmmaws ca a wamabihsnm qns+ %>?78.

Sqzzak Zjenawilkkndllm ak Znilkz hkc vawhkcawak maqbak klm zsaacz" zswhdz nz Znilkz hkc vawc}akak" aw nz }aaw aak hkcaw phswllk ak chs nz hbbaihhb aak kh)affajs vhk eas hfzbqnsak vhk eas Bhq}awziaaw+ %1?:8.

Gno ca pnaw vhk Elb}awc ilas oa eas eaba ohhw cllw ghmmawak" a ehccak ca pnaw gasaw enaw kaaw

dqkkak bammak hhk eas Chiza mhs" chs bnms cwna vnaw iasaw cnap ak chhw elaf oa kllns sa ghmmawak"ihhw eno bnms chhw kq aakihhb ak eas nz ilanbnod sa vawhkcawak+ Eas }lwcs zsaacz awmaw" oa ilas kq eas eaba ohhw cllwmhhk ias ghmmawak+ %1?8=.

Ca vhhwmaqbak nok gabhkmwnod vllw s}aa ehvakz" Cabf nob ak ca Aaizehvak %ak lld vllw ca ehvak nk Aicak.+ %. Cns mhhs lvaw ca vhhwmaqb khhw ca Aaizehvak" eas lkcawelqc clas Cqnszbhkc ak eas vawcnapak clas W]Z+ %6?5.

]hkkaaw aak maqb nkfwhzswqjsqqw gacwanms }lwcs ca maqb mailknslwc+

Nk ca ehvak vhk Cabf nob" chhw nz aak cnapa dqnb vhk 83 iasaw qnsmazjeqqwc cllw aak vllwscqwakca

cwhhndlbd" hbz chs mhs sa cnjes gno ca dhca dlis zslws dhca nk ak hbz eno vawcaw }am mhhs ilasak }a ca pwlvnkjna }hhwzjeq}ak }hks aak phhb vhk ca gwqm wqzs chhwlp+ %86?7:.

Ca maqbc~khinad }lwcs knas mlac gamwapak+

Chs ca ilwflblmnzjea dakknz lvaw ca ]hccak aa vaabhb sadlws zjenas gbnods lvawnmakz lld qns ca lks}nddabnkm vhk Wlssqiawllm+ Ca hbmaiaka vaw}hjesnkm }hz chs cns anbhkc nk ca llzsabnodaw maqb lq vawc}nokak khchs ca dqzsvawcacnmnkm }hz lpmaeavak+ Ihhw eas gbnods nkinccabz chs Wlssqiawllm bhkmz ca Aaizmaqb khhw eas qncllzsak }hkcabs+ %=?8:.

Aak knaq}a gakhcawnkm nz iaaw ias ca khsqqw iaa sa }awdak ak vnh nkcnwajsa gakvblacnkm ca maqbak ink lf

iaaw lp eqk pbhhsz sa elqcak+

Eas ncaa nz gqnsakcnodz iaaw khsqqw hhk sa bammak ak samabnodawsnoc aak cllwgwhhd sa jwawak" lchs ca limavnkm lqsaw }lwcs+ Eas nz samabnodawsnoc ca gaclabnkm chs ca a nkzswlli hbz zjellkzplabiajehknzia fqkmaaws li vawzbnggnkm vhk ca vhhwmaqb samak sa mhhk+ %8:?7.


28/85

Hbsawwh)whpplws 7:1= 7=

Flsl? Vaawcnakzs HM Aiz vhk ca Aaizehvak khhw eas Cqnsza ]hccakanbhkc Glwdqi

Aak hkcaw zllws lpblzznkm nz ca vhhwcnapsa vhk vaawcnakzsak sa vawinkcawak+

]hmakglwm mhhs eqk sladlizsnma zjeapak lld hhkphzzak" lf phzzhmnawz ak mlacawak zjeancak ak mlacawak hbbaak klm lp eas masno hhkvlawak+ %1?8=.

Cns lvaw njes vhk vhhwmaqb)nzzqaz nz aak aawzsa hhk as" eas nz gabhkmwnod li cns jlipbaas sa dwnomak vhk}ama cadlzsak" ca pqgbnada hhkchjes ak ca wnznjlz+

:+7+1 Zhiakvhssnkm? pwlgbaiak nk eas ]hccakmagnac vlbmakz ca zshdaelbcawz

Vllw Kllwc)Kacawbhkc mabcs ca vanbnmeanczklwi vhk aak lvawzswlinkmzdhkz vhk 8 lp 3000 ohhw+ Nk eas s}aacaak cawca Ellm}hsawgazjeawinkmzpwlmwhiih %E]GP7 ak :. nok bhkmz ca vhzsabhkczdqzs vhk Kllwc)Elbbhkc"Fwnazbhkc ak Mwlknkmak pbhhszak macaksnfnjaawc }hhw ca cnodak ca klwi knas ehbak+ Chhw }lwcs kq cllw ca}hsawzjehppak hhk ma}awds+ Vllw gabhkmwnoda nkfwhzswqjsqqw lhbz ca akawmnavllw naknkm }lwcsmahwmqiaksaawc chs }abbnjes aak klwi vhk 8 lp 80+000 klcnm hb nok nk pbhhsz vhk 8 lp 3000+

Lp ca anbhkcak zshhs ca cnzjqzzna lvaw vanbnmeanc elmaw lp ca hmakch chk lp eas vhzsabhkc+ Chhw ilas capbhhsz vhk ca pwnihnwa dawnkmak }lwcak vhzsmazsabc" lichs cna vllw aak mwlls caab qns cqnkak gazshhk+ LpSauab" Hiabhkc ak Zjenawilkkndllm nz aak hddllwc gawands ak }lwcak ca vawhks}llwcabnodeacak vllw easgaeaaw cllw W]Z hhk ca }hsawzjehppak Elbbhkcz Kllwcawd}hwsnaw ak ]assawzdnp Fw~zbk lvawmacwhmak+ LpSawzjeabbnkm ak Vbnabhkc bllps ca cnzjqzzna klm+

Lvaw ca wnznjlz nk eas gnkkakcnodza magnac nk eas ]hccakmagnac nz knas vaab gadakc+ Qns ca aawzsa nkvakshwnzhsnadliak l+h+ ca abadswnjnsanszpwlcqjaks Abajswhgab nk ca Aaizehvak ak ca jeainzjea nkcqzswna nk Cabf nob hbzwnznjlvlb khhw vlwak+


29/85


Gqnsakcnodza magnacak ias pwlgbaiak nok vllwhb ehvakz" dhcaz" pnawak" ak vaawchiiak" cna kq gno ellm }hsawhb nk ca pwlgbaiak dliak+ Klslnwa vllwgaabcak nok ca vnzzawzehvak vhk Bhq}awzllm" ca pnaw gno Elb}awc akca ehvak vhk Hiabhkc+ Vawcaw nok gqnsakcnodza nkcqzswnasawwankak lp eas vhzsabhkc %Aaizehvak" Cak Eabcaw. aklp ca anbhkcak %KNL_ lp Sauab" nkcqzswnasawwank Hiabhkc. ilmabnod wnznjlvlb+ Sakzblssa nok aw cabak vhk clwpaklp ca ]hccakanbhkcak cna li enzslwnzjea wacakak gqnsakcnodz bnmmak %]azs)Sawzjeabbnkm ak Vbnabhkc.+

Lichs ca ]hccak aa aak c~khinzje z~zsaai nz vawhkcawak maqbak klmhb aakz vhk pbhhsz+ Vhhwmaqbak zbnggakcnjes ak cnapa maqbak dliak mavhhwbnod cnjes gno dhcaz ak dqkzs}awdak+ Lvaw cns z~zsaai nz l }anknm dakknzchs aw knasz sa ammak nz lvaw eas affajs vhk dbnihhsvawhkcawnkm+Ca cwnkd}hsawvllw naknkm lp ca anbhkcak nz aak bhzsnma shhd vllw ca cwnkd}hsawgacwnovak lichs easmwlkc}hsawz~zsaai lp eas anbhkc gapawds }hsaw dhk bavawak lkcaw ca khsqqw sa zjehcak+ Cllwdbnihhsvawhkcawnkm dhk nk cwllmsapawnlcak ca mwlkc}hsawvllwwhhc hfkaiak ak ca las}hsawvllw naknkm auswhnk mavhhw dliak+

Ca las}hsawvllw naknkm vllw ca bhkcglq} lp ca vhzsabhkczdqzs dhk sa ihdak dwnomak ias vaw nbsnkm cllwelmawa d}abcwqd vhkqns aa+ Aak mwlls caab vhk Fwnazbhkc ak Mwlknkmak nz hfehkdabnod vhk ca }hsawvllwwhhc nk

eas NOzzabiaaw4 ca a lppawvbhdsa}hsawvllwwhhc dhk nk ca sladlizs zjehhwzaw }lwcak+

:+: Lpblzznkmak vllw vanbnmeanc ak las}hsawvllw naknkm

:+:+8 Iaawbhhmzvanbnmeanc

Iaawbhhmzvanbnmeanc nz aak gabhkmwnod gamwnp nk eas Khsnlkhhb ]hsawpbhk+ Eas Cabshpwlmwhiih Knaq}glq} akEawzswqjsqwawnkm eaafs iaawbhhmzvanbnmeanc hbz seaih lpmakliak+ Eas jlkjaps gasadaks chs }hsawgaeaaw}lwcs malwmhknzaawc nk cwna bhmak" }hhwvhk ca aawzsa %pwavaksna vhk lvawzswlinkmak ias cnodak asj+. ak cacawca %whipakgaeaawznkm. }anknm jlkswlvawznaab nok+ Ca s}aaca bhhm livhs ihhswamabak nk ca zfaaw vhk

gnkkakcnodza wqnisabnoda hhkphzznkmak li ca zjehca sa gapawdak }hkkaaw slje aak lvawzswlinkm pbhhszvnkcs+

Chk ilas oa lld nk eas hjesawbhkc nasz clak lchs oa eas }hsaw nk mlaca ghkak dqks bancak+Gnovllwgaabc" aw nz aak dbnihhszjakhwnl ias s}aa iasaw aazpnamabzsnomnkm" chk }lwcs eas }ab aak eaab elma cnod" cqz chk mh oa hhk hkcawa jlkjapsak cakdak+ %. Oa ilas knas eaab zlbnzsnzje khhw aak cnod dnodak" ak hbbaak aak zajslwhba lpblzznkm wahbnzawak" oa dqks aw knas lkcawqns li ias limavnkmzphwskawz khhw lpblzznkmak sa dnodak+ %81?83.

Ihhswamabak vllw ca s}aaca vanbnmeanczbhhm nok lkcaw hkcawa? Jliphwsniaksawnkm" l ilmabnod ias gazshhkca zbhpawcnodak" }hhwcllw gno aak cllwgwhhd knas eas eaba

magnac nkaakz lvawzswllis+

Kllclvawbllpmagnacak ias aak lvawzswllighwa cnod }hhwcllw zliinma magnacak gnkkak aakcnodwnkm vanbnmaw }lwcak chk hkcawa magnacak4 aw nz enawsamak vaab vaw as ma}aazs ihhw nkzhiak}awdnkm ias bhkcglq} ak khsqqw %iqbsnfqkjsnlkaab wqnisamagwqnd. }lwcak kq sljekllclvawbllpmagnacak mawahbnzaawc nk ca pwlvnkjnaz Kllwc)Elbbhkc ak Mwlknkmak+

Wamabz lpbammak vllw eas wqnisamagwqnd nk inkcaw vanbnma magnacak? vawgnacak sa glq}ak" lfvawpbnjesak }hsawgazsakcnm glq}ak" lf vawpbnjesak ca jlkzaxqaksnaz sa jlipakzawak4 lf vawpbnjesakaak gaphhbca vaw adawnkm sa kaiak+

Glawcawnoak lp sawpak assak+ Nk gaphhbca lkaz aak gapawdsa }hsawlvawbhzs slazshhk" gv+ vnh lvawzbhmgazsakcnma cnodak+ Nkfwhzswqjsqqw nk lvawzswlinkmzmavlabnma magnacak vanbnm zsabbak? }amak elmaw hhkbammak"

zjehdabdhzsak ak hkcawa nkfwhzswqjsqqw }hsawvanbnm hhkbammak+

Wazawvawnkmz lkaz % na lld phwhmwhhf :+:+7.+


30/85

Hbsawwh)whpplws 7:1= 7>

Aw nok klmhb vaab lqca aa}awnkmak nk lkz magnac" cna mavak eas enzslwnzjea vawbllp vhk ca bhkchhk}nkknkm hhk ak vlwiak hb aak zllws jliphwsniaksawnkm" cqz cna lq oa dqkkak magwqndak hbz

oa ca eaba ghcwhkc knas iaaw lp lwca dwnoms" li cabak vhk eas magnac nk abd mavhb vanbnm sa elqcak+ Ca lqca aa}awnkmak }lwcak kq bl} pwlfnba gaeaawc" a nok vhhd jqbsqqwenzslwnzje ilkqiaks" ihhw hbz aak pwloajslks}nddabhhw aw k nk nok magnac eaafs" mhhs cna eai hfmwhvak }hks eno dhk eas hkc mlac

magwqndak" sakinkzsa" hbz oa aw maak gabanc lp eags+ Cqz chs sadaks nje hf nk ca vnzna" oa dqks lqca cnodak lp bhkma sawinok klcnm eaggak %85?8=.

Nk Elbbhkcz Kllwcawd}hwsnaw bnms ca fljqz lp }hsaw gawmak nk plbcawz" nk Fwnazbhkc bnms ca fljqz lp gawmak nk ca gla ai }hks Fwnazbhkc eaafs lld aak aklwia gla ai" ihhw chhw nz bhhszs }ab eas ankc vhk gawands" nk Mwlknkmak %. Ca kllcgawmnkmzplbcaw }hz klm knas dbhhw ihhw eno nz hfmablpak ihhkc }ab nk magwqnd makliak" eno nz nk ca gqqws vhk eas Pan awcnapzsabzab" eno nz 8=00 eh+ %85?7.

Iaawbhhmzvanbnmeanc }lwcs vllwhb cllw }hsawzjehppak gacnzjqzznaawc+ Nk eqk lmak nz ca s}aaca bhhm zbajesehhbghhw?

Nkzsnsqsnlkaab nz eas nk Kacawbhkc knas mlac mawamabc? ca wqnisabnoda lwcaknkm hjslwak %maiaaksak ak

pwlvnkjnaz. gaphbak ca wqnisabnoda nkwnjesnkm ak elavak nje }anknm mabamak sa bhsak bnmmak hhk ca}hsawzjehppak+

Kacawbhkc nz vbhd ak chhwcllw nz eas ilanbnod aak mlaca pbad vllw }hsawgawmnkm sa vnkcak+ Jliphwsniaksawnkm nz sa cqqw" ca machjesa nz chs cns aawcaw ehhbghhw nz nk cnjes gaglq}c magnac

lhbz nk _qnc)Elbbhkc+ ca dlzsak)ghsak gawadaknkm nz awm nkma}nddabc+

Ihhw no eaggak aw inkcaw gabhkm gno chk }no hbz }hsawzjehppak" }no eaggak aw bhzs vhk hbz ca WL nok anmak mhkm mhhs" hbz iak cnkmak clas cna lp ca vawdaawca pbad nok mapwloajsaawc" sls kq sla ihhds ca WL ca cnakzs qns+ Ca hbmaiaka cailjwhsna vawcnaks mabc ias lks}nddabnkm cqz cna zsq}dwhjes ns aw hjesaw" ihhw ca pwlgbaiak cna chs vawllw hhds bhppak a hhk eqk bhhwz ak }a ilasak a kq lvaw

dwnomak chs a mhhk bqnzsawak+ %85?8>.

Ca s}aaca vanbnmeanczbhhm nz vllwhb aak nzzqa lp ca vhzsabhkczdqzs" lp ca anbhkcak nz chhwvllw maak wqnisa+

:+:+7 Wazawvawnkmz lkaz

Wazawvawnkmz lkaz nok znkcz akdaba ohwak aak lkcawcaab vhk ca s}aaca vanbnmeanczbhhm+ Eas nok lkaz vhk800 lf 700 iasaw bhkmz ca gnkkakwhkc %ak lld ca gqnsakwhkc


31/85

:0 Hbsawwh)whpplws 7:1=

Ca pbhklblmnzjea gapawdnkm nk wazawvawnkmz lkaz bancs sls vaw as gno maiaaksak ak gacwnovak cna aak gabhkmeaggak nk ca a lka+ Maiaaksak }nbbak eqn ak glq}ak" gacwnovak }nbbak qnsgwancak+

Aw bnms aak dawnkmz lka" aw }hz aak mhwhma cna nz hfmagwldak ak iak }nbca }lknkmak chhwvllw nk ca pbhhsz ihhw chs nz cllw eas Ellmeaaiwhhczjehp samakmaelqcak+ %3?76.

Eas Ehvakgacwnof }nb knas savaab mwlkc }ammavak" aw nz aak wazawvawnkmz lka vhk 800 iasaw" chhw nz hb maglq}c cllw eas gacwnofzbavak" eas nz hb vhkhf 7006 hhkmavljesak+ %6?80.

Aw nz cnzjqzzna lvaw ca wazawvawnkmz lkaz hjesaw ca cnod" cna bnmmak lvaw hmwhwnzje magnac" lvaw clwpak" lvaw gacwnofzsawwankak" cqz iakzak eaggak chhw ias gapawdnkmak sa ihdak+ Nk Faw}awcawhcnab bnmmak hmwhwnzjea gacwnovak cnjes samak ca cnod hhk+ %. Glawak }nbbak hbsnoc vawcaw lks}nddabak" ihhw gnovllwgaabc aak knaq}a zshb dqk oa vawmasak hbz oa nk cna wazawvawnkmz lka ns+ %1?3.

Ca lvaweacak nk Kllwc)Kacawbhkc zshhk knas lp k bnok }hs gaswafs ca wazawvawnkmz lkaz+ Ca pwlvnkjnaFwnazbhkc nz eaab zswnds" eas ]assawzdnp Fw~zbk lld" ihhw bams ca vawhks}llwcabnodeanc chhwvllw gno ca pwlvnkjna+

Eas Ellmeaaiwhhczjehp Elbbhkcz Kllwcawd}hwsnaw elqcs glq}ak samak+ Mwlknkmza }hsawzjehppak nok zswndsihhw ca pwlvnkjna Mwlknkmak }nb ihhs}awd+ Maiaaksak eaggak vawzjenbbakca gabhkmak samabnodawsnoc? l}abvanbnmeanc hbz ajlklinzjea qnsgwancnkm+

]a elwak chs iaaw vhk }hsawzjehppak" chs a wazlbqqs kaa ammak" ihhw ca pwlvnkjna Mwlknkmak ams eas ilas ihhs}awd nok+ Ca pwlvnkjna Fwnazbhkc ams lld wnmnca? kaa eas dhk knas+ %3?76.

Eas ]assawzdnp Fw~zbk ak ca pwlvnkjna Fwnazbhkc nok aw lld }hws }ns nk" l na nd chs vhkqns ca maiaaksa+ %1?1.

W8? ]no ilasak eas lpkaiak nk eas gazsaiinkmzpbhk gqnsakmagnac" ihhw }no kaiak ca

wazawvawnkmz lka inzzjenak knas lp+ %. W7? ]no eaggak vllw ca clwpak }ab ca wazawvawnkmz lka iaamakliak+ %1?3.

Eas }hsawzjehp eaafs gls mavhkmak ak ilas ias ihhs}awd dliak bhkmz ca pwnihnwa dawnkm+ %6?80.

Ca wazawvawnkmz lkaz nok vwno gwaac ak chhw elqcak }a hhk vhzs" eas nz knas lkz gabanc ihhw gabanc vhk ca pwlvnkjna+ %78?87.

Ilmabnoda lpblzznkmak vllw eas jlkfbnjs nok? Iqbsnfqkjsnlkaba cnodak }hhwgno glq} }lwcs slamazshhk insz ca jlkzswqjsna lld eas }hsaw daaws % na

lld phwhmwhhf :+:+3 Iqbsnfqkjsnlkaba cnodak.+

Glawcawnoak lp sawpak lf }nawcak pbhhszak+ Snocabnoda glq} nk ca wazawvawnkmz lka" ias ca hfzpwhhd chs ca jlkzswqjsna }lwcs hfmagwldak hbz chs

vllw ca vanbnmeanc kllc hdabnod nz+

Glawcawnoak dqkkak }ab lp sawpak" chs vwhhms aak bhkma sawinok pawzpajsnaf" kq zshhk a hbbaihhb pbhs lp ihhnvabc" zsab chs aw aak nkqkchsna nz" chk eag oa ca glawcawnoak ias eqk eaba eaggak ak elqcak vanbnm mazsabc+ %83?8>.

Ca aavhhwszjellb nk Cabf nob" chhw nok hfzpwhdak iaa maihhds chs hbz ca cnod 7 iasaw elmaw ilas bhsaw" chs ca jlkzswqjsna chs dhk eaggak+ %81?8:.


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Hbsawwh)whpplws 7:1= :8

:+:+: Lvawzbhmgazsakcnma cnodak

Nk ca nksawvna}z nok lvawzbhmgazsakcnma cnodak saw zpwhda magwhjes cllw ca nksawvna}aw+ Aw }lwcs vawzjenbbaklvaw machjes" ihhw aw nok lld klm vaab lkcqncabnodeacak lvaw+ Lvawzbhmgazsakcnma cnodak nk wabhsna sls akdabavaw}hksa gamwnppak?

Lvawzbhmgazsakcnma cnodak? cnodak cna gazshkc nok samak mlbflvawzbhm+ Cnodak }lwcak chhwslavawzsawds ias zsaak ak hzfhbs" lld hhk ca gnkkakdhks vhk ca cnod+ Lvawzbhhkc }hsaw dhk enawcllw cacnod knas iaaw gacwanmak+ Eas nz ca gaclabnkm vhk lvawzbhhkc }hsaw ellmzsakz bancs sls khssa vlasak"knas sls aak ajesa lvawzswlinkm+ Gno ca }hsawzkllcwhip nk 8>1: }awcak ca iaazsa cnodcllwgwhdakvawllw hhds cllwchs ca gnkkak nocak vhk ca cnodak knas gazshkc }hwak samak aak mwlsa elavaabeanclvawzbhhkc }hsaw }hhwcllw a vhkqns ca bhkc nocak qnszplabcak+

Lvawzswllighwa cnodak? chhwgno mhhs eas knas li mlbfslppak cna lvawzbhhk ihhw li aak ajesawlvawzswlinkm cllwchs ca }hsawzshkc elmaw nz chk ca dwqnk vhk ca cnod4 cnodak nok oqnzs gaclabc li chssa vllwdliak" ak eas aknma kqs vhk eas lvawzswllighhw ihdak nz chs ca cnod %lf Hfzbqnscnod. knaslpknaq} elafs sa }lwcak hhkmabamc kh aak lvawzswlinkm+

]hzelvawz? cns nok nkdapnkmak nk ca cqnkak }hhwcllw hf ak sla aak lvawzswlinkm pbhhszvnkcs vhk eashjesawbnmmakca %khsqqw.magnac" }hhwcllw eas magnac hjesaw ca cqnkak cllw lpzbnggnkm dhkiaamwlanak ias ca aazpnamab+

]hsawzjehppak nak lvawzbhm hbz nasz chs kq hb pbhhszvnkcs" no eas nk dbanka elavaabeacak+ Hbz ca aazpnamabzsnoms ak ca cnod gbnofs eas abfca" kaais ca mlbflvawzbhm sla+ ]hkkaaw }lwcs eas klcnm li ca cnod sa vawelmak.

:+:+= D}abcawz

Samaklvaw eas gazjeawiak ak qnsgwancak vhk d}abcawz hbz auswh inccab vllw }hsawvanbnmeanc zshhs iak nk hbbamazpwaddak plznsnaf4 adaw hbz chs bancs sls aa}hhwsza bhkchhk}nkknkm+ Aak cnod cllwzsadak li bhkcnk}hhwszlpzbnggnkm sa dwnomak nz gnovllwgaabc gno Gwaaghhws machhk ihhw chhw nz inkcaw cwhhmvbhd vllw+ Aak c~khinzjeapwljaz }hhwgno l}ab hfzbhm hbz hhkmwlan vhk d}abcawz pbhhszvnkcs ias kassl eas abfca hwahhb nk Kllwc)Kacawbhkc wlaps lld vwhhmsadakz lp+

Gno ]nawqi nok gqnsakcnodza d}abcawz cna }amzbhhk" iak ams chhw elaf oa kndz hhk sa clak" }hks gno Fwnazbhkc mwlanak a hhk ak chs dlzs kndz" cqz }hhwli lq oa a gno ]nawqi gazjeawiak< Ihhw chs nz aak dwliia wacakawnkm+ %1?7=.

]abda gnocwhma d}abcawz dqkkak bavawak hhk ca }hsawdawakca fqkjsna }lwcs klm lkcaw ljes4 ias khia ca}hsawzjehppak nok chhw klm zjapsnzje lvaw+

D}abcawz }lwcak kllns elmaw chk eas ellmzsa klwihba }hsawmasno" cqz a eaggak maak nkvblac lp ca vanbnmeanc gno aak auswaia }hsawzshkc+ %. Nk Cqnszbhkc ams iak eas eaafs }ab nkvblac" ihhw chhw wadakak a ias aak dhkz vhk 8 lp 800 ak }no ias 8 lp 3000 ak chk nz aw maak affajs+ %78?78.

Hbz d}abcawz nkma as }lwcak hbz clabga}qzs lkcawcaab vhk ca }hsawdawnkmak" ilas }lwcak zhiakma}awdsias ca eqncnma anmakhwak+ Bhkmz ca Fwnaza vhzsabhkczdqzs nok ca d}abcawz vhk Fw~zda Mah ak vhbbak a lkcawKhsqwh 7000+ Bhkmz ca Mwlknkmza vhzsabhkczdqzs nok a nk anmakcli vhk hmwhwnzjea gacwnovak %Vawaknmnkm vhkLavawanmakhwak.+ Lp ca anbhkcak nok l}ab khsqqwgaeaawcawz hbz hmwhwnzjea gacwnovak gaswlddak

%Zshhszglzgaeaaw" ca Vakklls.+ Ca Fmabplbba nz aak d}abcawmagnac hhk ca }azsdhks vhk Hiabhkc" }hhw eas]assawzdnp Fw~zbk" Wnodz}hsawzshhs Kllwc)Kacawbhkc" Zshhszglzgaeaaw ak eas Inknzsawna vhk AB&N nk mazpwad

nok li aak cawmabnoda pnbls qns sa vlawak+ Nk ca Clbbhwc }lwcs lvaw zhiak}awdnkm wlkc d}abcawz mazpwldaksqzzak ca lavawanmakhwak ak eas ]hsawzjehp Eqk a ak Hhz+

Vllw ca khsqqwgaeaawcawz nz gnlcnvawznsans aak gabhkmwnod jwnsawnqi vllw ca d}hbnsans vhk ca d}abcawz+ Plsaksnaabnz aw aak gabhkmakjlkfbnjs lichs elma d}abcawz iaaw affajs eaggak lp ca vanbnmeanc ak olkma" bhma d}abcawznksawazzhksaw nok xqh khsqqw}hhwca+

Elmawa d}abcawz lqcak aak gnocwhma bavawak hhk ca vanbnmeanc vhk ca cnodak" ihhw bavawak inkcaw khsqqw}hhwca lp+ Bhma d}abcawz cwhmak nk mawnkma ihsa gno hhk ca dqzsvanbnmeanc" eaggak }ab aak

elmawa gnocwhma hhk khsqqw}hhwcak+ %87?=.

Ca wazplkcaksak vhk aak bhkcglq}lwmhknzhsna nak eas iqbsnfqkjsnlkaba wqnisamagwqnd vhk d}abcawz hbz aakplznsnava lks}nddabnkm+

Eas Fwnaza caab" ca vwhhm nz chhw vllwhb? ela dwnom oa eas lp aak kassa ihknaw khhw aak khsqqwgazsaiinkm< Eas nz hbbaihhb Khsqwh 7000 cqz aw bnms 3>0 eh gqnsakcnodz magnac chs khhw khsqqwbnoda d}abcawz slamhhs" aw nz }ab gamwh nkm ihhw hbz khsqqwgaeaaw ak knas vhkqns vaasaabs+ %. Eas nz aak hhwcnma machjesa li gqnsakcnodz mwlkcak sa magwqndak vllw auswh dawnkm" oa dqks ca wabhsna sqzzak vllwlavaw ak cnodak ihunihhb gakqssak" }hhwcllw oa knas hhk gnkkakdhks ihhswamabak klcnm eags+ Cqz lpsnihbnzhsna vhk ca vllwlavawz nz nksawazzhks+ %83?88.


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Hbsawwh)whpplws 7:1= :=

Lld nk ca ehvakz vhk Cabf nob ak Cak Eabcaw }lwcs machjes hhk d}abcawz hbz jlipakzawakca ihhswamab vllwnkmwapak nk ca ehvak+

Nk eas ehvakmagnac nok gaphhbca khsqqw}hhwcak" %. cqz vllw ca }nkcilbakz nz jlipakzhsna klcnm"%. aw bnms hb aak gwlacplkslk" cna nz gashhbc cllw ca }nkcilbak nknsnhsnafkaiaw+ Chs dhk mlacdlpaw

cllw vllw ca zjeawicnod aak d}abcaw sa ihdak cna ca mlbvak wais ak aak khsqqwfqkjsna eaafs+ %6?88.

Iqbsnfqkjsnlkaab wqnisamagwqnd vhk d}abcawz dhk lld cllw auswh wajwahsnailmabnodeacak sa wahbnzawak%}hkcabphcak" aak vlmabdnodeqs. }hs nksawazzhks nz vllw ca kllwcabnoda ajlklina+ Ca hhkbam vhk vllw naknkmakdhk ajesaw cqqw nok ak aw nok ilmabnod gapawdnkmak vhkqns Khsqwh 7000+

Zshhszglzgaeaaw nz eas }ab aakz li iakzak khhw ca d}abcawz sla sa swaddak" hbbaak blzblpakca elkcak nok aak pwlgbaai" ak aw nok aak phhw ihhkcak paw ohhw nk eas gwlaczan lak chs eas aak pwlgbaai nz+ %1?75.

Flsl? D}abcaw Zsw~p lp Sawzjeabbnkm

:+:+5 Cnodwnkm ak cqnkak lp ca anbhkcak

Lp ca ]hccakanbhkcak zpabak ca cqnkak aak gabhkmwnoda wlb hbz pwnihnwa }hsawdawnkm+ Hbbaak bhkmz ca]hccak aa nok ehwca cnodak sa vnkcak+ Ca ]hccakcnodak }lwcak hb cllw ca }hsawzjehppak gaeaawc%Ellmeaaiwhhczjehp Elbbhkcz Kllwcawd}hwsnaw vllw Sauab ak eas ]assawzdnp Fw~zbk vllw ca lvawnmaanbhkcak." ca cqnkak caabz klm cllw Wnodz}hsawzshhs Kllwc)Kacawbhkc+

Lp Vbnabhkc ak Sawzjeabbnkm nz ca bnmmnkm vhk ca pwnihnwa }hsawdawnkmak klm knas vhzsmazsabc+ Wnodz}hsawzshhsdnazs vllw ca gnkkakcqnkak hbz flwiaba pwnihnwa }hsawdawnkm ak ca wazs vhk ca cqnkak lq chk c~khinzje


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:5 Hbsawwh)whpplws 7:1=

}lwcak gaeaawc+ Wnodz}hsawzshhs ak eas ]assawzdnp Fw~zbk eaggak aak vllwdaqw vllw aak dlwsawa cnodwnkm+ Gnoca anbhkcawz wlaps eas c~khinzjea gaeaaw vhk ca cqnkak mavlabakz vhk lkvanbnmeanc lp7+ Lld ca Khsqwh 7000hfzpwhdak ak ca vhwnhksak vllw iaaw c~khinzje aawaapgaeaaw }hjesak lp eas vhzszsabbak vhk ca cnodwnkm+Wnodz}hsawzshhs" eas ]assawzdnp ak ca pwlvnkjna Fwnazbhkc nok ga nm ias eas lpzsabbak vhk aak vllwzsab iasvawzjenbbakca vhwnhksak vhk ca cnodwnkm+ Chhwgno }lwcs mabas lp ca dlzsak ak ghsak vhk ca lpsnaz ak lp

cwhhmvbhd gno ca anbhkcawz+ Kh ca vhzszsabbnkm cllw zshhszzajwashwnz Hszih %vaw}hjes nk 7087. }lwcs eas gaeaawvhk ca pwnihnwa }hsawdawnkmak hhk eas ]assawzdnp Fw~zbk lvawmacwhmak+

_lkcaw lvawaakdlizs lvaw ca dawnkmak hb eas gaeaawpbhk Khsqwh 7000 knas }lwcak mlacmadaqwc cllw ca maiaaksa TSawzjeabbnkmY+ Mlaca hfzpwhdak vllw vanbnmeanc nok klcnm" chhwli }nb iak nje knas vhzsbammak nk Khsqwh 7000)gaeaawpbhkkak+ Khsqwh 7000 mhhs ilmabnod iaa nk ca vnzna , zshkcpqks vhk ca maiaaksa+ Jlipwlinzncaa %.? bam sqzzak phhb 5)86,85 ca cnodwnkm lp ca aawzsa cqnkwno lf nk ca cnwajsa limavnkm+ Chhwiaa flwihbnzaaw oa lld eas c~khinzje dqzsgaeaawpwljaz+ W]Z ak s ]assawzdnp }nbbak ajesaw ca cnodwnkm knas lp ca aa}awnkm lf nk ca cnwajsa limavnkm" }hks a nok ghkm vllw elmawa gaeaawzdlzsak %ca cnodwnkm }lwcs wqniaw.+ %>?5.

Lp Zjenawilkkndllm nz ca maeaba cnodwnkm vhzsmazsabc ak eaafs ca lvawcwhjes hb pbhhszmavlkcak+ VllwHiabhkc nz aak gazbqns makliak lvaw ca bnmmnkm vhk ca pwnihnwa }hsawdawnkm" ak ilas ca lvawcwhjes khhw eas}hsawzjehp klm pbhhszvnkcak+

Ca anbhkcga}lkawz nok ma}akc hhk ca c~khinzjea pwljazzak? eas vawpbhhszak vhk maqbak" hhkmwlan vhkcqnkak ak zswhkcak" asj+ Hhkmwlan }lwcs iaaw ma}hhwcaawc chk hfzbhm" ak iak }nb lld knas chs ca anbhkcak}lwcak mazpbnszs nk zsqddak lhbz vwlamaw+ Ias ca anbhkcawz nz ca cnzjqzzna lvaw eas slabhsak vhk iaawc~khinad hb aawcaw mazshws vhkqns eas khsqqwgabhkm" vllwhb li d}abcawz ak cqnkak sa vawolkmak+ Chhw dlis kqca cnzjqzzna lvaw vanbnmeanc gno % na lld ellfczsqd 7.+ Eas ncaa nz chs cllw eas slazshhk vhk c~khinad caanbhkcak dqkkak iaamwlanak ias ca aazpnamabzsnomnkm+

C~khinzje gaeaaw eaafs sls mavlbm chs ca anbhkcak ihddabnodaw iaamwlanak ias dbnihhsvawhkcawnkm chk chs oa zshw hbbaz }nbs vhzselqcak+ Chs na oa lp Sawzjeabbnkm" cllw ca zsqnfcnod }hhns aw maak hkc iaaw lvaw ak lkszshhs hhk ca hkcawa dhks aak ghcdqnp cna knas iaaw vhk khsqwa }lwcs lpmaellmc+%8?:7.

Eas cllwmwhvak vhk ca zsqnfcnod nz lp vawzjenbbakca anbhkcak aak eaas ehkmno aw+ Lp ca iaazsa anbhkcak nz iaksamak" hbbaak lp Zjenawilkkndllm nz klm zsaacz eas pbhk li cns lkcaw vllw}hhwcak cllw sa assak+

Sawzjeabbnkm? Vhkhf Llzsawakc nz eas c~khinzje dqzsgaeaaw }ab gabanczihsnm vhzsmabamc+ Ihhw ca wazswnjsna nz? knas hhk ca zsqnfcnod dliak+ ]amehbak lf cllwmwhvak nz kq lkgazpwaadghhw+ %>?>.

Hiabhkc? Aw baafs ca lwm chs ca wnmlqwaq a nkmwaap vhk aak mhs sa ihdak nk ca zsqnfcnod hhk ca qnc noca ias vnaw cqndawz vhk vnaw iasaw hb dqkkak bancak sls lpcabnkm vhk eas anbhkc nk zsqddak+ Eas mhs bancs ilmabnod sls awlzna+ %88?6.

Zjenawilkkndllm? Aw nok jlkjwasa pbhkkak vllw eas cllwmwhvak vhk ca zsqnfcnod+ Kq eas awlp hhk dlis" }lwcs eas ajesaw zphkkakcaw+ Aw lkszshhs aak sawqmswaddakca ga}amnkm+ Hkcawa anbhkcak nok hbbaihhb samak" ihhw Zjenaw mhhs cllw+ %>?8=.

7 _na essp?,,}}}+wnodzlvaweanc+kb,knaq}z,7088,07,71,c~khinzje)dqzsgaeaaw)ak)bnmmnkm)}hsawdawnkmak)vbnabhkc)sawzjeabbnkm)khcaw)lkcaw ljes+esib


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Hbsawwh)whpplws 7:1= :>

Aak hkcaw eaas ehkmno aw nz eas cllw eas Cabshpwlmwhiih Dqzs" Cabshwaz ak ca ]hccakvawaknmnkmhhkmacwhmak ilcabanbhkc lichs ca Kacawbhkcza anbhkcak nje vlbmakz ca anbhkcawz eaab hkcawz macwhmak+

Khhw ca iaknkm vhk ca anbhkcawz nz eas ilcab knas vlbclakca nk bnok ias ca fansabnoda znsqhsna+ %. Vbnabhkc daks hhk ca llzs noca hfzbhm ak }azs noca hhkmwlan" avakhbz Sawzjeabbnkm+ Hiabhkc mwlans hhk

ca llzs noca hhk ak dhbfs hhk ca }azs noca hf+ Zjenawilkkndllm mwlans hhk ganca nocak hhk+ %. Eas wnznjl vhk eas ehksawak vhk aak ilcab nz chs }hkkaaw chs aakihhb nz mahjjapsaawc hbz qnsmhkmzpqks"hbbaz }hs aw knas nk phzs" gqnsak ca cnzjqzzna cwanms sa mawhdak+ %=?>.

Chs %. gbnods lvawnmakz lld qns ca lks}nddabnkm vhk Wlssqiawllm+ Ca hbmaiaka vaw}hjesnkm }hz chs cns anbhkc nk ca llzsabnodaw maqb lq vawc}nokak khchs ca dqzsvawcacnmnkm }hz lpmaeavak+ Ihhw eas gbnods nkinccabz chs Wlssqiawllm bhkmz ca Aaizmaqb khhw eas qncllzsak }hkcabs+ %=?8:.

Flsl? Ca ]hccakcnod zbqns hhk lp ca cqnkak %Sawzjeabbnkm.

:+:+> _las}hsaw lpblzznkmak

Eas cwanmakca sadlws hhk cwnkd}hsaw nz lp cwna vhk ca vnof anbhkcak lpmablzs ias aak ]hcbancnkm+ KhhwSawzjeabbnkm ak Hiabhkc eaafs Vnsakz nk wazpajsnavabnod 8>=> ak 8>>0 pnopbancnkmak vhkhf ca vhzsa }hb mabamcli cwnkd}hsaw hhk sa vlawak+ P]K eaafs s}aa pnopbancnkmak khhw Sauab hhkmabamc+ Khcaab vhk ca a lpblzznkmnz chs eas awm cqqw nz" ak chs ca ]hcbancnkm aak mavlabnma khvabzswakm nz vllw ca anbhkcak+ Ca anbhkcak }nbbakbnavaw abfvllw nakakc }lwcak vllw eas }hsaw+

Lp hbba anbhkcak eaafs hbsnoc lld aak cqnk}hsawbancnkm mafqkjsnlkaawc+ Lp Sawzjeabbnkm gnovllwgaabc bavawak cacqnkak aakcawca vhk eas }hsaw+ Lp Zjenawilkkndllm ak Vbnabhkc nz eas hbsnoc ca aknma }hsawgwlk ma}aazs+Vnsakz eaafs ca cqnk}hsawbancnkmak malpsnihbnzaawc ak ihhswamabak makliak li vawcwlmnkm vhk ca khsqqw savawinkcawak+


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Knaq}a ncaak li hhk ca cwnkd}hsawvwhhm sa vlbclak? Eas lasa }hsaw mhhk magwqndak chs eas }hsawzjehp qnszbhhs khhw aa+ Aw nz kq lp Sawzjeabbnkm

100+000 i: paw ohhw klcnm" nk 7070 =00+000+ Eas }hsawzjehp zbhhs 81)70 inbolak i: paw ohhw qns lpaa+ Pwlgbaai nz }ab chs ca hfvlaw vllwhb nk ca }nksaw pbhhszvnkcs ak ca vwhhm vllwhb nk ca liaw

lpswaacs+ Aw ilas cqz aak gqffawz~zsaai gachjes }lwcak+

Magwqnd vhk W]_N affbqaks+ Ias sajeknad ca }hsawvwhhm khhw gakacak gwakmak+

Aak cwanmakc sadlws hhk las}hsawvwhhm vllw ca bhkcglq} zpaabs lp Sauab ak lp eas vhzsabhkc+ Kllwc)Elbbhkc"Fwnazbhkc ak Mwlknkmak magwqndak kq vaab NOzzabiaaw}hsaw ak nok chhw hfehkdabnod vhk+ Cns }lwcs nk casladlizs aak zjehhwz mlac chs ellmzsakz mabnod gbnofs gno aak slakaiakca vwhhm+ Hbz lpblzznkmak }lwcs hhkca abfca gwlkkak machjes hbz gno cwnkd}hsaw? eawmagwqnd vhk affbqaks ak qnknmaw lizpwnkmak ias easlvawslbbnma }hsaw nk ca }nksaw+

Sauab eaafs kq k w} n ias aak eaab mwlls eablf~sakfnbsaw vhk 80 eh" chs bavaws zblls}hsawd}hbnsans lp cqz aw nssak maak phselmakak lf jlbnz iaaw nk" cqz iak vwlam nje hf? ela dqkkak }a eas gakqssak

nk snocak vhk cwllmsa< Ca Anawbhkcza plbcaw }nb mwhhm chs lasa }hsaw qns ca w} n eaggak+ Aw nz aak zazzna ma}aazs ias Sauabza glawak" zjehpak ak hddawglq}? }hhw ns eas lizbhmpqks< Glawak lp eas lqca bhkc cna kq eas affbqaks dwnomak" ancak chs a gazs lkcaw dlkcak" cqz }a dqkkak hkcawa cnkmak ias eas affbqaks clak" eas ilazs kq lld klm gawmlp ak samak ca }nkc nk cqz }a dwamak eas vhhd ilanbnod cna dhks lp+ Khhw eas kllwcak hb vaab ihddabnodaw nok }hks chhwvllw elavak }a hbbaak aak zblls sa mwhvak+ %85?81.

Aw nz aak jlkvakhks ias eas Wnod lvaw eas NOzzabiaaw" chhw elqcak }a eas Wnod hhk }hks eas nz aak bavakzhcaw" }no plipak eas lp cllw eaba magnac" vhkqns Fwnazbhkc ak Kllwcaw nobvazs sls hhk Saw Hpab"chs nz 80 iasaw pbqz" ak hhk ca Cwaksza dhks sls hhk Dbh nakhvaak" chs nz 83 iasaw pbqz+ Hbz }a chs knas clak chk zshhs lkz magnac nk ca liaw cwllm" chk dwnom oa cna zslf}lbdak nk ca liaw" nk aak chm

ak aak khjes dhk chk aak zblls cnjesma}hhnc nok" mabqddnm zshhs aw kq iaazshb mwlakgaiazsnkm lp+Cna hhkvlaw vhk NOzzabiaaw}hsaw nz eaab }a akbnod+ %86?85.

Gno cwllmsa jlkjqwwawak mwlsa nkcqzswnba gacwnovak ias ca bhkcglq} li eas cwnkd}hsaw ak eas lasalppawvbhdsa}hsaw+ Nk ca vawcwnkmnkmzwaadz dlis ca nkcqzswna vllw ca bhkcglq}+ Lp ca nkcqzswna }lwcs cllw calvaweacak aak gawlap machhk li iaaw abfvllw nakakc sa }lwcak" gv+ cllw anmak lks nbsnkmznkzshbbhsnaz saglq}ak lf cllw eqk affbqaks sa eawmagwqndak+

Aak hkcawa lpblzznkm nk ca bhkcglq} nz eas lks}nddabak vhk lqsslbawhksa hhwchppabwhzzak+ Lp Sauab nz aakglaw chhwiaa ga nm+ Ca a glaw vwhhms hhk eas }hsawzjehp }hs iaaw lqs nk ca zblsak" }hs zliz pwlgbaiaklpbavaws ias ca liwnkmakca glawak+ Lld nk _aabhkc ak Fbavlbhkc }lwcs enawiaa maupawniaksaawc+ ]hkkaaw

eas bqds li lqsslbawhksa whzzak sa d}adak nz aw lld aak ihwds vllw ca knaq}a hhwchppabwhzzak nk eas Inccak)Llzsak }hhw lld aak }hsawsadlws nz ak }hhw kq vaab Kacawbhkcza pllshhwchppabak }lwcak hfma as+

:+:+80 Zhiakvhssnkm? lpblzznkmak vlbmakz ca zshdaelbcawz

S}aacabhhmzvanbnmeancIhhswamabak vllw ca s}aaca vanbnmeanczbhhm nok lkcaw hkcawa jliphwsniaksawnkm" l ilmabnod ias gazshhkcazbhpawcnodak" ak kllclvawbllpmagnacak ias aak lvawzswllighwa cnod+ Kllclvawbllpmagnacak }lwcak kqmawahbnzaawc nk ca pwlvnkjnaz Kllwc)Elbbhkc ak Mwlknkmak+ Vawcaw nok wazawvawnkmz lkaz vhk 800 lf 700iasaw bhkmz ca gnkkakwhkc vhk ca cnod znkcz akdaba ohwak aak lkcawcaab vhk ca s}aacabhhmzvanbnmeanc+ Ca

pbhklblmnzjea gapawdnkm nk wazawvawnkmz lkaz bancs sls vaw as gno maiaaksak ak gacwnovak+ Ca lvaweacak nk


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Kllwc)Kacawbhkc zshhk knas lp k bnok }hs gaswafs ca wazawvawnkmz lkaz+ Nkzsnsqsnlkaab nz eas nk Kacawbhkc knasmlac mawamabc? ca wqnisabnoda lwcaknkmzhjslwak %maiaaksak ak pwlvnkjnaz. gaphbak ca wqnisabnoda nkwnjesnkm akelavak nje }anknm mabamak sa bhsak bnmmak hhk ca }hsawzjehppak+

Lvawzbhmgazsakcnma cnodak

Lvaw lvawzbhmgazsakcnma cnodak }lwcs vawzjenbbakc machjes+ ]hsawzjehppak nak lvawzbhm hbz nasz chs kq hbpbhhszvnkcs" no eas nk dbanka elavaabeacak+ Hkcaw nocz nz aw ca vnzna vhk ca bhkcglq}zajslw chs lvawzbhm knashjjapshgab nz+ Aw nok klm vaab lkcqncabnodeacak" lkcaw hkcawa li elavaab }hsaw eas mhhs ak ela chslpmavhkmak lq dqkkak }lwcak hjesaw ca cnod lkcaw ca bhkcglq}wlkc sa vaw nbsak+

Iqbsnfqkjsnlkaba cnodakVllw iqbsnfqkjsnlkaba cnodak nz vaab gabhkmzsabbnkm gno maiaaksak ak gacwnovak+ Nk eas ]hccakmagnac nok hbcnvawza vllwgaabcak lhbz ca aavhhwszjellb nk Cabf nob+ ]hsawzjehppak }nbbak aw iaaw awvhwnkm iaa lpclak+Ca sajeknad nz knas l aaw eas pwlgbaai" }ab eas nkzsnsqsnlkaba hwwhkmaiaks? dlzsak ak ghsak"vawhks}llwcabnodeanczvawcabnkm ak ehkcehvnkm+

Khsqqwvwnakcabnoda lpblzznkmakCa ]hccak aa mabcs hbz aak gabhkmwnod khsqqwmagnac+ Vllw gnovllwgaabc aak ehvakqnsgwancnkm lf aak}nkcilbakphwd nok jlipakzawakca ihhswamabak klcnm+ Vllw khsqqwvwnakcabnoda lpblzznkmak nz eas ajesaw vhhdbhzsnm li fnkhkjnawnkm sa vnkcak+

_hkczqppbasnazWnodz}hsawzshhs vlaws hkczqppbasnaz qns bhkmz ca Kllwc aadqzs vhk ca anbhkcak+ Cnzjqzznapqks nz lf calvaweanc lld hhk ca ]hccak aa noca hhk dqkzsihsnma hkcvawpbhhsznkm ilas clak+ Aw }lwcs cllw W]Zmachjes hhk zqppbasnaz vhk gqnsakcabshz ak }hcpbhsak+

D}abcawz

]abda gnocwhma d}abcawz dqkkak bavawak hhk ca }hsawdawakca fqkjsna }lwcs klm lkcaw ljes+ Bhkmz ca Fwnazavhzsabhkczdqzs nok ca d}abcawz vhk Fw~zda Mah ak vhbbak a lkcaw Khsqwh 7000+ Bhkmz ca Mwlknkmzavhzsabhkczdqzs nok a nk anmakcli vhk hmwhwnzjea gacwnovak %Vawaknmnkm vhk Lavawanmakhwak.+ Lp ca anbhkcak

nok l}ab khsqqwgaeaawcawz hbz hmwhwnzjea gacwnovak gaswlddak+

C~khinzje gaeaaw cqnkakLp ca ]hccakanbhkcak zpabak ca cqnkak aak gabhkmwnoda wlb hbz pwnihnwa }hsawdawnkm+ Wnodz}hsawzshhs dnazsvllw ca gnkkakcqnkak hbz flwiaba pwnihnwa }hsawdawnkm ak ca wazs vhk ca cqnkak lq chk c~khinzje }lwcakgaeaawc+ Gno ca anbhkcawz wlaps eas c~khinzjea gaeaaw vhk ca cqnkak mavlabakz vhk lkvanbnmeanc lp+ Eascllwmwhvak vhk ca zsqnfcnod nz lp vawzjenbbakca anbhkcak aak eaas ehkmno aw+

_las}hsawvllw naknkm anbhkcakEas cwanmakca sadlws hhk cwnkd}hsaw nz nk eas vawbacak lp cwna vhk ca vnof anbhkcak lpmablzs ias aak]hcbancnkm+ Ca anbhkcak }nbbak bnavaw abfvllw nakakc }lwcak vllw }hsaw+ Vnsakz eaafs ca cqnk}hsawbancnkmakmalpsnihbnzaawc ak ihhswamabak makliak li vawcwlmnkm vhk ca khsqqw sa vawinkcawak+ Knaq}a ncaak lihhk ca cwnkd}hsawvwhhm sa vlbclak nok l+h+ eas lasa }hsaw mhhk magwqndak chs eas }hsawzjehp qnszbhhs khhw

aa" ak ias sajeknad ca }hsawvwhhm khhw gakacak gwakmak+


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:+3 Hhkdklpnkmzpqksak vllw vawvlbm phwsnjnphsnapwljaz

:+3+8 Mlac lks}nddabca lkcawbnkma wabhsnaz

Vllwhb wamnlkhba lvaweacak vhk vawzjenbbakca knvahqz eaggak lkcawbnkma wabhsnaz vllw qnsvlawnkm vhk gabanc"

vllwhb pwlvnkjnaz" maiaaksak ak }hsawzjehppak % na shgab :+:.+ Chhwkhhzs nok aw wabhsnaf vaab jlkshjsak vhklvaweacak ias khsqqwlwmhknzhsnaz" bhkcglq} ak anbhkcawz+

Aw nok }hs inkcaw jlkshjsak ias gacwnofzbavak maklaic4 vllwhb maiaaksak bammak jlkshjs ias gacwnovak"ihhw lld khsqqwlwmhknzhsnaz ak cwnkd}hsawgacwnof Vnsakz eaggak jlkshjsak ias eas gacwnofzbavak+ EasEllmeaaiwhhczjehp Elbbhkcz Kllwcawd}hwsnaw eaafs hbz qns lkcawnkm jlkshjs ias vwno}ab hbba %wabavhksa.lwmhknzhsnaz nk eqk magnac mabamc nk eas dhcaw vhk aak sladlizscnzjqzzna+

Pwloajsak ak pwlmwhiihz nok vhhd ca hhkbancnkm vllw eas ladak vhk jlkshjs ak zhiak}awdnkm+

Ca a nkvakshwnzhsna nz knas jlipbaas" }a eaggak gnovllwgaabc knas ias ca hfcabnkmak jliiqknjhsna mazpwldak+

Plznsnava wabhsnaz sqzzak zshdaelbcawz nk eas ]hccakmagnac+

Phwsno H %wazplkcaks. Phwsno G %maklaic cllw wazplkcaks. ]hhwli

Cwnkd}hsawgacwnof Vnsakz ]hsawzjehp ak ZGG Gadnodak zhiak lf hbsawkhsnava }hsawgwlk dhk }lwcakmagwqnds

Cwnkd}hsawgacwnof Vnsakz Cabshwaz" pwlvnkjna Fwnazbhkc" ]assawzdnpFw~zbk

Nk 700> zhiak lkcaw lad machhk khhw las}hsawgab iaseabndlpsaw

Cwnkd}hsawgacwnof Vnsakz Pwlvnkjna Fwnazbhkc Zhiak nk Jbn]hs pwloajs vhk eas Nksawwam pwlmwhiih4 mhhslvaw ca dqzszswaad ias Cqnszbhkc

Cwnkd}hsawgacwnof Vnsakz Jhipnkmz ak elsabz lp anbhkcak _nok ca mwllsvawgwqndawzCwnkd}hsawgacwnof Vnsakz ]assawzdnp Fw~zbk ak ]aszqz Pwlaf ias vhdhksnaeqnzoaz li ias ca jwhcba sl jwhcba

machjesa eas }hsawhhkglc sa vawhkcawak lkcaw chs ca dbhksaw bhzs vhk eaafs

Cwnkd}hsawgacwnof Vnsakz CBM Vnsakz bavaws e~cwlblmnzjea dakknz lvaw ca anbhkcak vllwKhsqwh 7000 hhk CBM

Cwnkd}hsawgacwnof Vnsakz W]Z Vnsakz eaafs aak ilknslwnkmzpbhk vllw W]Z maihhds vllwe~cwlblmnzjea ak ajlblmnzjea mavlbmak vhk hkczqppbasna

Cwnkd}hsawgacwnof Vnsakz Maiaaksak" }hsawzjehppak" bhkcglq}"wajwahsna" nkcqzswna" ga}lkawz

Vnsakz bnjes e~cwlblmnzjea z~zsaaihkhb~zaz sla lp anbhkcak%gaehbva lp Sauab.

Maiaaksa Cak Eabcaw Kllwc)Elbbhkcz Bhkczjehp"

]hccakvawaknmnkm" EllmeaaiwhhczjehpElbbhkcz Kllwcawd}hwsnaw" ga}lkawz CakEabcaw" hkcawa maiaaksak lhbzHbdihhw" ca pwlvnkjna Kllwc)Elbbhkc" cagacwnovak" Inknzsawna N&I" ca VhzsaDhiawjliinzzna cafakzna"

Ca maiaaksa whhcpbaams ca a lwmhknzhsnaz lvaw

ehvakqnsgwancnkm" lwmhknzaaws wamabihsnm gnoaakdlizsak+ Cadqkzs nz gqkcabnkm vhk mabczswliak" dnodak }hs ca pwlvnkjna"Aqwlph ak ca maiaaksak }nbbak ak eas zhiak fnkhkjnawak%3?85.

Maiaaksa Cak Eabcaw Inknzsawna AB&N Cak Eabcaw dhk eabpak ca iamh}hss hignsna vhk }nkcilbakzsa wahbnzawak

Maiaaksa Cak Eabcaw Hkcawa ehvakz lhbz MwlknkmakZahplwsz" Bhq}awzllm" NOiqncak akHizsawchi

Vnh l+h+ kllwcabnod aaehvaklvawbam }lwcs ehvakzpajnhbnzhsnagazpwldak+ Cak Eabcaw mhhs lffzelwa gavllwwhcnkm clak akNOiqncak eas glq}ak vhk lffzelwa nkzshbbhsnaz

Maiaaksa Faw}awcawhcnab Inccab aa vawghkc" Vawaknmnkm

]hccak aa maiaaksak" vawaknmnkm

Faw}awcawhcnab }awds zhiak nk cnvawza maiaaksabnoda

vawghkcak %klm knas mabqds aak vnzna sa vlwiak nk Inccab aa


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bhkcabnoda maiaaksak vawghkc.Maiaaksa Faw}awcawhcnab Hmwhwnwz ak IDG Eas nz aak bhkcabnoda maiaaksaMaiaaksa Cabf nob ]hsawzjehp Eqk a ak Hhz" pwlvnkjna

Mwlknkmak" Wnodz}hsawzshhsIhwjlkn pwloajs? ca maiaaksa Cabf nob }nb eas ehvakdhwhdsawvhk ca zshc vawzsawdak+ Nk eas vllwohhw vhk 700> mnkmchhwvllw eas pwloajs Ihwjlkn vhk zshws" chs vawzjenbbakcaIhwnsnaia jlkjapsak nk gaabc eaafs magwhjes

Pwlvnkjna Fw~zbhk Pwlvnkjnhhb Lvawbam Dqzs %PLD.? Fwnaza}hccakmaiaaksaz lp ca anbhkcak?Vbnabhkc" Sawzjeabbnkm" Hiabhkc"Zjenawilkkndllm" ]assawzdnp Fw~zbk"W]Z ak ca gaeaawcawz

Eas PLD eaafs hbz clab hbba hdak lp eas magnac vhkdqzsgaeaaw vhk ca pwlvnkjna sa jlwcnkawak

Pwlvnkjna Mwlknkmak Maiaaksak" Mwlknkmak Zahplwsz" Wnod"]hsawzjehppak" Khsqqw akinbnaqfacawhsna" BSL

Vllw ca pwloajsak -Magnaczhmakch Kllwc)Kacawbhkc- ak-Ajlklina vhk ]hsaw ak Bhkczjehp-

Anbhkcawz Sauab Maiaaksa Sauab" Pwlmwhiih Wnoda]hccak aa" EllmeaaiwhhczjehpElbbhkcz Kllwcawd}hwsnaw

Pwloajs _hkcnma Cnod gno s Elwksoa ias dhkzak vllw khsqqwihhw }hsawzjehp s}nofabs lvaw dlzsak4 lp Sauab nz }anknmzphkknkm sqzzak anbhkcawz ak khsqqwgaeaawcawz

Anbhkcawz Hiabhkc KHI" ZGG" W]Z" Fw~zda Mah KHI eaafs eas mlac machhk lp Hiabhkc+ Fw~zda Mah ak ZGG

eaggak aak mlaca khhi ak cwhhmvbhd+ Fw~zda Mah claskhsqqwsawwankak+ ZGG clas eas gaeaaw vhk ca glz) akwajwahsnasawwankak+ W]Z lwmhknzaaws wamabihsnmgnoaakdlizsak lvaw eas anbhkcgaeaaw" zhiak ias s Fw~zdaMah ak ZGG+ Savakz vlaws W]Z mwlsa hkczqppbasnaz lp cakllwc}azsdhks vhk eas anbhkc qns+ Lld chs maafs njesghhweancak vawswlq}ak

AnbhkcawzZjenawilkkndllm

Khsqqwilkqiaksak" ]assawzdnp Fw~zbk"maiaaksa Zjenawilkkndllm

Mlaca zhiak}awdnkm sqzzak Khsqqwilkqiaksak" maiaaksaak ca anbhkcawz+ Ias ca maiaaksa eaggak a vawmhhkcahfzpwhdak lvaw eas gaeaaw vhk khsqqwsawwankak ak cawajwahsnasawwankak+ ]assawzdnp eaafs shdak vhk W]Z hblvawmakliak+

KhsqqwilkqiaksakZjenawilkkndllm Khsqqw ak inbnaq" VVV" wajwahsna akgaeaawlwmhknzhsna ak ihhszjehppabnodalwmhknzhsnaz

Ma hiakbnod lp assak ak gaeawak vhk ga ladawzjakswqi ias]hccakflkcz %}ab ga }hwakpwljacqwaz ak vawswadgqwmaiaazsaw.

Lvawbamlwmhhk KhsnlkhhbPhwd Zjenawilkkndllm

Vawsamak}llwcnmc nok? gacwnovak"Vlmab}hjes" macapqsaawca Fwnazbhkc"zajwashwnhhs pwlvnkjna Fwnazbhkc"Khsqqwilkqiaksak" hmwhwnzjeagacwnovak %Vawaknmnkm Glawakgabhkm.

Lvawbamlwmhhk nz hbmaiaak hhkzpwaadpqks aklksilasnkmzpbhhsz vllw hbbawban vwhmak+ Aw }lwcaknkzpwhhdhvlkcak maelqcak lp Zjenaw }hhwlp hmakch-z vllweas lvawbamlwmhhk }lwcak gaphhbc+ Eas lwmhhk nz maakflwiaba wajeszpawzllk+

Pwlmwhiih Wnoda]hccak aa

Anbhkcawz PW] clas maak pwloajsak cna anbhkcawz vawzslwak

Bhkcglq} Fwnazbhkc"Vawaknmnkm vhkLavawanmakhwak nkMwlknkmak

Khsqqwgaeaaw Zhiak}awdnkm vllw gamwh nkm+

Bhkcglq} Zshdaelbcawz Aaizcabsh -Dbnihhshchpshsna Aaizcabsh-" pwloajs vhk ca Cqnsza mwakz slsBhq}awzllm ias hbba zshdaelbcawz

]hsawzjehpKllwcaw nobvazs

Cabf nob" pwlvnkjna Mwlknkmak Phwsnjnpawak nk vnznaswhoajs Aaizcabsh

]hsawzjehpKllwcaw nobvazs

ZSL]H" Zsnjesnkm NOdcnod" Zsnjesnkm FbllcJlkswlb" Cabshwaz ak SKL

Pwloajs BnvaCnod UB li sa dliak sls aak ilknslwnkmz) akpwlmklzaz~zsaai vllw ca zsawdsa vhk ca BnvaCnod nk easdhcaw vhk eas pwlmwhiih Vawgasawnkm Nkzpajsnaz]hsawdawnkmak

]hsawzjehp Eqk a akHhz

Maiaaksak" pwlvnkjna" wnod ak hkcawa}hsawzjehppak

Vaab zhiak}awdnkm

]hsawzjehp Eqk a ak Nkmaknaqwzgqwahqz" Cabshwaz" Clak vaab zhiak ias dakknznkzsnsqsak vllw vanbnmeanc


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Hhz qknvawznsansak ak elmazjelbak lhbz caEhk aelmazjellb" ZSL]H

]hsawzjehp Eqk a akHhz

NVK mwlapak" Mwlknkmaw bhkczjehp"Khsqqwilkqiaksak" Zshhszglzgaeaaw akhmwhwnzjea khsqqwgaeaawcawz

Zhiak}awdnkm vllw las}hsaw ak khsqqw" vllw fblwh) ak fhqkhnkvakshwnzhsnaz ak znmkhbak lf eas mlac mhhs

Ellmeaaiwhhczjehp

Elbbhkcz Kllwcawd}hwsnaw

Seaihmwlap klwiak ias 80

}hsawzjehppak

Iaacwhhnak nk klwiawnkmzswhoajs vanbnmeanc

EllmeaaiwhhczjehpElbbhkcz Kllwcawd}hwsnaw

Maiaaksak" pwlvnkjna KE" gacwnofzbavak%l+h+ Dhiaw vhk Dllpehkcab"akawmnagacwnovak. BSL" }nbca glawak cnahphwsa lwmhknzhsnaz eaggak lpmawnjes"wajwahsnazajslw" inbnaqfacawhsnaz"Bhkczjehp Kllwc)Elbbhkc"Zshhszglzgaeaaw" P]K"Khsqqwilkqiaksak

-Zswhsamnzjea cnbaiihz- swhoajs" cnzjqzznawlkca ias phwsnoaknk anmak vaw lwmnkmzmagnac lvaw sladlizsvnzna+ Ias cazplwsvnzzawz nz eas klm knas mabqds

EllmeaaiwhhczjehpElbbhkcz Kllwcawd}hwsnaw

ZGG" hmwhwnzjea gacwnovak ak wajwahsna+ Vllw Sauab aak hphwsa zazzna? cnodak" }hsawvwhhm"}hsawlvawbhzs

]assawzdnp Fw~zbk W]Z" Zjenawilkkndllm" Hiabhkc Cnodwnkmak nok vhzsmazsabc ak shdak vhk W]Z nok hhk

]assawzdnp lvawmacwhmak]assawzdnp Fw~zbk Kllwcabnoda }hsawzjehppak" maiaaksak"

pwlvnkjna+E]GP? aak bhkcabnod pwlmwhiih }hhwnk eas wnodzqgzncnavawzswaddaw nz ak ca pwlvnkjna vawmqkknkmvawbakaw

]assawzdnp Fw~zbk Khsqqw lwmhknzhsnaz Ias khsqqw gnovllwgaabc nssak }a }ab aakz nkmabamakeanczjlhbnsnaz" chk mh oa nk aak gazsqqw lf zsqqwmwlap

nssak]assawzdnp Fw~zbk Hcvnazjliinzznaz lp ca anbhkcak Vwlamaw }hz lp abd anbhkc aak anmak }hsawzjehp" eas nz aak

zllws wazshks vhk eas }hsawzjehpzgazsqqw chs nk zshkc nzmaelqcak

:+3+7 Pwlgbaihsnzjea lkcawbnkma wabhsnaz

Ias kamhsnava wabhsnaz nok cabak vhk ca nksawvna}z majlcaawc }hhw aak gabhkmakjlkfbnjs lf aak kamhsnavaawvhwnkm nk eas vawbacak nz maklaic+ Aw nok wabhsnaf vaab pwlgbaihsnzjea wabhsnaz maklaic sqzzak anbhkcawz akbhkcabnoda lwmhknzhsnaz % na shgab :+3.+ Lld }hsawzjehppak }lwzsabak ias iaawcawa ilan hia wabhsnaz? iaswqnisabnoda lwcakhhwz %maiaaksak ak pwlvnkjnaz." ias eas Wnod ak ias khsqqwlwmhknzhsnaz+ Ca bhkcglq} eaafszliz pwlgbaiak ias khsqqwlwmhknzhsnaz ak ias lvaweacak }hhwlkcaw lld eas Cabshpwlmwhiih+

Kamhsnava wabhsnaz sqzzak zshdaelbcawz nk eas ]hccakmagnac

Phwsno H Phwsno G ]hhwli Lpmablzs

MaiaaksaAaizilkc

Mbhzsqnkglq} sakqncak vhk Aaizehvak

Bnms zsnb

Mwlknkmak Zahplwsz Cqqw hia ehvakvnzna 7087 Vnaw zjakhwnlz bhkmz s}aa hzzak"ajlklinzje ellm lf bhhm" ak gnlghzaclf flzznab< ]abda nkcqzswnak vlabak

nje hhkmaswlddak cna }a chk ilasak

fhjnbnsawak< Clab nz aak mlac wakcawakcehvakgacwnof ak aak ilslw vllw calimavnkm ias eas jbqzsaw vhkakawmnagacwnovak

Mwlknkmak Zahplwsz ]hsawzswqjsqqwpbhkAaizehvak ak]hsawzswqjsqqwpbhkCabf nob

Pbhk vllw hf}hsawnkm ]hsawlvawbhzs

BSL)Kllwc Dbnihhs nk Kllwc)Kacawbhkc

700> Vnzna lp bhkcglq} lvaw 10)800 ohhwlkcaw dbnihhsvawhkcawnkm? sqnkglq}dlis awgno" qnsgwancnkm Llzs)Aqwlpazaihwds" vljesvhzselqcakc vawilmak

vhk ca glcai gavlwcawak"iqbsnfqkjsnlkaba bhkcglq} ias mwlsa wlbvllw pllshhwchppabsaabs" lqsslbawhksawhzzak d}adak" bnavaw maak las) lqslvawmhkmak

Dbnihhszjakhwnlz"cwllmsa aklvawvblacnma kaawzbhm

Pwlvnkjna Fwnazbhkc Vnzna _hkcnma Dqzs Nk lpcwhjes vhk Cabshpwlmwhiih ak nkkhvlbmnkm vhk _qnc) ak Kllwc)Elbbhkc+Ik lvaw Kllwc aa noca vhk caanbhkcak+ Hhkzbqnsak gnokhsqqwgaeaawpbhkkak

_aazpnamabzsnomnkm

Pwlvnkjna Mwlknkmak Dbnihhshchpshsnadqzszswlld vhkBhq}awzllm sls Cabf nob

Bhkc}hhwsz lf aa}hhwsz vawzsawdak< _aazpnamabzsnomnkm

Pwlvnkjna Mwlknkmak Vnznaswhoajs Aaizcabsh Lks}nddabnkmzvnzna vllw ca pawnlca7088)70:0 vllw ca Aaizcabsh+ Aaklkcawcaab dbnihhshchpshsna Aaizcabshihhw lld lkcawcabak cna }awdak hhkca ajlklinzjea lks}nddabnkm vhk caAaizehvak+ Clabak? baafghhweanc4}llkdbnihhs" }awdmabamakeanc" khsqqwak bhkczjehp nok lp lwca ak caAaizcabsh nz ca ajlklinzjea ilslwvllw ca limavnkm

_aazpnamabzsnomnkm

EllmeaaiwhhczjehpElbbhkczKllwcawd}hwsnaw

Cabshvnzna vllwElbbhkczKllwcawd}hwsnaw

7087 Aw nz aak hhkshb cnbaiihz nkgazjewavak" chhwiaa magnac nkma}aazs nk eas khohhw" chs nz hfmazblsaklp 3 klvaigaw ias aak z~iplznqi+Ca aawzsa cniakzna? vanbnmeanc"}hsawlvawbhzs ak las}hsaw4 cacniakzna cna aw c}hwz lp zshhs nziaawbhhmzvanbnmeanc" cqz pwavaksna"wqnisabnoda nkwnjesnkm" akwhipgaeaawznkm+ Nk ca vlbmakca vawznahks}llwc mavak lp ca cnbaiihz+ Cnagazpwadak ias eas magnac nk 7088

Vanbnmeanc" las}hsawak }hsawlvawbhzs


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Nkflwiaba sladlizszswhsamnak+

]na Zswaddnkm ak clab Cabshpwlmwhiih seaihz

KHI Dbankawa vabcak qnspqssak vllw 70:1" li

"Ik ben wel eens bij zo'n circus geweest."

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