(HATO) - ieer.org

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Transcript of (HATO) - ieer.org

Page 1: (HATO) - ieer.org

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Institute for Energy and Environmental Research 6935 Laurel Avenue. Suite 204 Takoma Park, MD 20912 USA

Ten. 1-301-270-5500; @am: 1-301-270-3029 3nelrrpoeaax nom: [email protected]

Anpec B Msreprme: http:llwww.ieer.org

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K 3 ~ 0 g KaTerOpMM OTHOCMTCH M oco6oe MHeHMe B H ~ ~ M ~ H - +

. sa". [naparpaa 105(2)(E)] TPM, KOTOPOe Mbl PaCCMOTPMM aanee.

YTO KaCaeTCII IlPMHUMnOB rYhlaHMTaPHOr0 n p a B a , Cya . : B UeJlOM Cyu, OAHaKO, H e CMOr 3 a ~ e ~ ~ n :

" n p U f i ~ U K O n p ~ ~ e n e H H O h f ) ' B b I B O n y B OTHOIlIeHUU 3aKOH-

HOCTU U n U He3aKOHHOCTU nPUMeHeHtiEl RDePHOIU O P y X A I I - " . . . n p u ~ u u n b [ u HOPMLI 3 a ~ o ~ a , n p u ~ e ~ a e ~ o r o B BOO- - - m C y n a p C T B O M B q p e 3 B b l q a i H O f i C l m / a U U U c a M O 0 6 0 p O H b l , pyXeHHOr mHanuKTe' - OcHOBe KomPblX neXUT npu- - 3 ~ a ~ u e n e p B o c T e n e H H o r o 3 ~ a q e ~ u a qwamocru, - H a - . K O r n a I IOn yp030fi HaXOAUTCR B b I X U B a H U e C a M O r O r O C y -

napc~sa". [naparpaa 105(2)(E)] KJlanbIBalOT pan C T p O r U X T p e 6 0 B a H U f i K n O B e n e H U i 0 BO 1 B p e M H B O O p y X e H H b I X BOeHHblX n e f i ~ T B U f i . 3 a n p e U a m T - .

I l p e ~ c e n a ~ e n b Cyaa, c y n b a Eeaxayw, oco6o n p o K o M - . ca M e T o n b I u cpencna s e n e H u n 6 o e ~ b r x neiicrswfi, B KO- . . MeHTMpOBaJl 3TO "11cKJI1olie~kie" B 3aHBJIeHMM Cy,Qa6. OH . TOPblX H e Pa33HqaH)TCII T p a W a H C K U e U BOeHHbIe U e n H ,

noaqepmyn, YTO TO u c K n m r e H u e ~ e n b 3 a M H T e p n p e T H p o - . m o ~ b ~ e ~ P U B ~ ~ H 6 b 1 K H ~ H F H ~ I M C T P ~ ~ H N ~ M PO- T U B O ~ O P C T B Y H ) ~ H X CTOPOH. B ~ u n y YHUKaJlbHbIX X a p a K - '

. BaTb KaK " n a 3 e f i ~ y AJM nPkl3HaHklR 3aKOHHbIM YQl03Y 5lAep- . - - - - H ~ I M o p y x u e M u n M ero n p w ~ e ~ e ~ ~ e " .

. C y n b a Eienxay~ s a a B u n , r T o :

. T e p u c T u K a n e p H o r o opyxua . . . ero n p u M e H e H u e span JIU . IlpeJlCTaB.T%eTCR COBMeCTMMbIhl C 3TUMU T P ~ ~ O B ~ H U R M U " .

[naparpaa 951

T ~ K H M 06pa30~, CYA IlOATBepAMJl, YTO raarc~kie ki Xe- : ". . . C ~ M O O ~ O P O H ~ - e C n U O H a O C y U e C T B n R e T C R B qpe3- - H e B c K u e c o r n a m e i i u f i , c ~ c ~ e ~ a ~ 1 1 3 1 . 1 p y m q ~ e n p a B o o BOO- . . B b l ~ a f i H b l x O ~ C T O R T ~ ~ ~ C T B ~ X , ) T P O X a l O U U X C a M O M y Cy- . r U e c T B o s a H u m r o c y n a p c r B a , - H e o3~aqae~, w o rocynap- . PYXeHHOM KOH@MKT~, nPMMeHMMbI K IIfiePHOMY O P y X N t O : CTBO M O X e T C q U T a T b Ce611 CB060nHbIM OT ~ 0 6 ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ' M A e n a m T era n p M M e H e H H e B U e n o M He3aKOHHbIM. Cornac- '

" H ~ ~ ~ P W ~ O X H ~ ~ X " HOPM M e m y H a p O n H O I ' O r y M a H U T a p H 0 - : HO ~ P M H U M ~ ~ M 3~01-0 3 a ~ 0 ~ a , ~ P M M ~ H ~ H U ~ nm6oro opy- : ro npaea". - x ~ a ' :

: KOM 6 0 n b ~ M ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ C C ~ ~ C T B O M CTaBMTb C y q e c T ~ O ~ a H u e ro- : 6. A O n x H O 6 b l ~ b A ~ ~ C T B U T ~ ~ ~ H O H ~ O ~ X O A U M ~ ~ M 34)- : - -

CyflapCTBa B b I U e BCeX ~ P O Y M X c o o 6 p a ~ e ~ ~ f i , B O C O ~ ~ H H O - 1 @ ~ K T H B H O ~ ~ O ~ O P O H ~ I ,

CTM - B ~ I U I ~ C Y ~ ~ C T B O B ~ H M R C ~ M O ~ O ~ e n ~ ~ e q e ~ ~ ~ a " . . B. H e AOJIXHO G b l ~ b H a n p a B n e H O n P 0 T H B V a X A a H C K M X : M T ~ K , n a ~ e B CMTYaUMM r p e 3 ~ b 1 1 1 a f i ~ o f i C ~ M O O ~ O ~ O H ~ I : MU M ~ M ~ ~ ~ X A ~ H C K H X 0 6 - b e ~ ~ o s ,

H e fiOnYCKaKlTCIl HCKJlIOYeHNII 113 C0OTBeTCTBYK)uWX HOPM . r. A O n X H O npMMeHHTbcR TaKHM 06pa30~9 W 0 6 b 1 CO- : : M ~ X ~ ~ Y H ~ P O A H O ~ O n p a ~ a . Bce c y n b ~ C O U I ~ C M ~ M C ~ c T ~ M , : XpaHRJIaCb B03MOXHOCTb Pa3nMYMTb BOeHHbIe U e n H '

flanee, Cyn eAMHOrnaCH0 IlOCTaHOBtm, YTO KaKaR 6 b 1 HbIM CTPaAaHMRM BOIOIOLUMX CTOPOH,

: TO HH 6 b ~ n o yrpo3a a ,qepHMM o p y x u e M U J ~ M ero n p H M e H e - : e. H e A o n x H o s a ~ p a r ~ ~ a ~ b r o c y A a p c T B a , H e y l i a c T s y m - . . H u e U M ~ B K O H @ ~ M K T ~ , M

X. H e AOnXHO IlPMBOAHTb K CWlbHOMY, O ~ W H P H O M Y 11nM ". . . T a K X e flOIIXHb1 COOTBeTCTBOBaTb T P ~ ~ O B ~ H U I I M Y e X - '

AJlMTenbHOMy yuep6y 0 ~ p y X a I O ~ e f i CpeAbI. n y H a p 0 n H O m n p a B a , IIpUMeH5ie>tOIU B BOOPyXeHHOM KOH-

@JIuKTe, B O C O ~ ~ H H O C T U - n p u H u u n a M U H O p M a M h t e x - Cy.4 T ~ K X ~ nOATBepAMn, YTO eCnM K ~ K O ~ - n u 6 0 KOHKpeT-

~ Y H ~ P O ~ H O ~ ~ ~ H U T ~ ~ H O ~ O n p a ~ a , a T ~ K X ~ KOHKP~T- : H o e npkih leHeHl4e OPYXMR He3aKOHH0, TO TaKOBbIM IIBJlReT-

. HblM 0 6 f i 3 a ~ e f l b c ~ ~ a ~ B COmBeTCTBUM C n o r O B O p a M u . cn M yrp03a em n p M M e H e H u a . no n o s o f l y o(jnaAaHHn CyA . n p y r u M u n o r o s o p e H H o c m s t u , o ~ ~ o c r r u u s t u c r r H e n o c p e n - c~a san oco6o: "ecnu n p e n n o n a r a e M o e ~ c n o n b 3 o ~ a ~ ~ e : CTBeHHO anePHOMY OPYmu*""* [napavaa 05(2)(D)1 : CWflbI CaMO XBnJieTCfl nPOTuB03aKOHHblM, TO fleMOHCTPa- . OTCYTCTBM~ O n p e A e n e H H O l X 3aKnI-OYeHWI B OTHOUeHkiH : UMR rOTOBHOCTM e r O IlPMMeHMTb 6 b i n a 6 b 1 y r p 0 3 0 f i , 3anpe-

Y p e 3 ~ b l Y a f i ~ b I x c M T Y ~ u M ~ ~ C ~ M O O ~ O P O H ~ I , KaK hfOXHO no- . U ~ H H O ~ C ~ a ~ b e f i 2 napaqa@a 4 [ Y c T ~ B ~ OOH]". n03~0-

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CTHOCTU 11 nonu~n~ec~oIY1 H ~ ~ ~ B I I C U ~ ~ O C T ~ ~ rocynapcTBa, unri npoTnB ueneii OOH, a B cnyqae, ecnn cnna n p m e - HIIeTCII B UenRX C ~ M O O ~ O P O H ~ I , TO HeU36eXH0 nu ee npU-

M e H e H U e IlpHBOnMT K HaPYUICHUiO n P U H U U n O B ~eo6xo- nMMOCTU N ~ ~ ~ K B ~ T H O C T M " . [llaparpa@ 481

~ O C K O J I ~ K Y I lpHMeHeHMe n e p B b I M IIAepHOrO O P F W l He-

M ~ ~ ~ X H O H a p y r u a n o 6 b 1 npMHUMnb1 H ~ O ~ X O ~ ~ ~ M O C T M M aAeK-

BaTHOCTM, MOXHO YTBePXAaTb, YTO CaMO no ce6e o6nana- HMe R n e p H b I M OPYXWeM rOCY.&iPCTBOM, npkiAePXfCUBaK3-

UMMCII B ~ B 0 e f i B H ~ U I H ~ ~ ~ CIOJIMTMKe IIPMHUMna l l e p B O r O

ynapa, IIBJlRJlOCb 6 b 1 B COOTBeTCTBMM C YCT~BOM ~ ~ 0 3 0 f i

n p M M e H e H M I I 3 T O r 0 OPYXMR.

YTO KaCaeTCII 0 6 1 1 3 a ~ e n b ~ ~ ~ B OTHOUIeHMM I leperOBO-

P O B no6pofi BOnM no I I n e p H O M y p a 3 0 p y X e H k i m B COOTBeT-

CTBMM C W O , CYA ITOCTaHOBMJI, qTO:

"npaB0~0fi CneKrp 3TUX 0613aTeJIb~TB UlHpe, YeM 0611-

3aTeJlbCTBO B OTHOIlIeHUU OJlHOrO IlOBeAeHNII; AaHHOe 06113aTeJlb~TB0 IIBJIReTCII o ~ I I ~ ~ T ~ J I ~ c T B o M AOCTUYb Onpe-

. nenessom pe3ynb~a~a - mepHom pa3opyxe~u11 BO Bcex - ero acnenax - c noMoqbm onpenene~~oi i nuHuu no- *

BeAeHUII, a UhfeHHO - BeLleHUII no 3TOMY BOnPOCY nepe- . r o ~ o p o ~ no6poii ~onu". [naparpa@ 991

. Cyn p a c c M a T p w s a n TO O ~ I I ~ ~ T ~ J I ~ C T B O , KaK cpedcmso I.iCClpaBJleHMII H ~ I H ~ L U H ~ ~ ~ H ~ C T ~ ~ M ~ ~ H O C T H MeXAyHapOfl -

. HOrO n p a B a , B ~ I ~ B ~ H H O ~ ~ " M c K ~ K ) Y ~ H U ~ M " B q p e 3 ~ b l q a f i ~ o f i

CMTYaUHki C ~ M O O ~ O P O H ~ I . TO H e npOCTO c n y Y a f i ~ 0 e Ha-

IlOMkiHaHwe 0 ~ e 0 6 ~ 0 . 4 k i ~ 0 ~ ~ 1 . i n e p e r 0 B O p O B 0 R n e p H O M pa- 3 0 P Y X e H H H , HO p a 3 p e U e H M e H ~ & O C T ~ T O Y H O ~ ~ IICHOCTM B

3aKOHe.

: B 3~0fi CBII3M CYA eAMHOrJIaCH0 PeUMJI , YTO: "Cywe- CTBYeT O ~ R ~ ~ T ~ J I ~ C T B O CneAOBaTb AYXY ~06p0fi BOnM U AO-

B e c T w no sa~epme~wa n e p e r o s o p b l , s e a y q k i e K H n e p H o M y

p a 3 o p y x e H k i m BO B c e x ero acnenax non c T p o r u M w s@- ( P ~ K T M B H ~ I M M e m Y H a P O A H b l M K O H T ~ O ~ ~ M " . [naparpa@ 105(2)F]

K O H C ~ ~ ~ T ~ T ~ ~ B H O ~ 3aKnIOlreHMe O T p a X a e T MeHIIK)UYK)-

CII P O n b MkiPOBOrO C O O ~ U ~ C T B ~ U MeXAYHaPO.4HOrO npa- : sa. Cyn O K ~ X ~ C I I s a x a ~ M e m y C-rpyKIypaMw, yice cnoxm-

m M M u c a , n H e o n p e n e n e H H b I M M BnacTHbIMw, KOTOP~IM eqe : npenCTOMT B03HkiKHYTb. Ka~ofi 6yne~ H O B U CMCTeMa M Ka-

KMMM ~ Y ~ Y T HOBbIe BnaCTHbIe CTPYKTYPbI, ewe HeRCHO, HO

: M H e H w e B M ~ ~ M ~ H T ~ H H a M e r a e T H e K o e H a n p a a n e H u e .

Oco6oe M H e H u e B k i p a ~ a ~ T p M - 3TO TOqHOe, aBTOPM-

T e T H o e M ~ J I O X ~ H M ~ 3 a ~ o ~ a , u3noxe~we nepexona w p y ~ o - BOACTBO K P a C n 0 3 H a B a H U K ) Il03MTMBHbIX nPM3HaKOB HOBO^^ CMCTeMbI.

Oco6oe MHeHMe B k i p a ~ a ~ ~ p k i ~ B 3 ~ a Y k i ~ e J I b ~ o f i M e p e

OCHOBaHO H a er0 npMHUMnMaJlbHOM H€!COI"naCMH C IlOHII-

TWeM "0614efi" He3aKOHHOCTI.I I4 C BO3MOXHbIM HCKJIH)Ye-

HweM B uenxx C ~ M O O ~ O ~ O H ~ I . OH n o n a r a e T , TO B TOM

B O n P O C e H b l H e U I H e e 3aKOHOAaTeJIbCTBO 3BYqUT nOCTaTOY-

HO IICHO. Ero MHTepnpeTaUMR A O n X H a M, no B c e i i BMnMMO-

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YMe OT C y ~ a , OH H e 6 b m CBlI3aH ~e~yUJef i I ~ o ~ M T M K o ~ ~ ki

. mpwcnpy~e~uweii nporunoro. B CMCTeMe HaUMOHanbHblX r0CyJapCTB I'IOCJIenHMX 350

J E T ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ C T B Y ~ O U M M M J'Il4UaMI.I H a M ~ ~ Y H ~ P O A H O ~ ~ a p e H e BbI-

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6 e X H b l ~ M .

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MMP H a x o n n T c x B n e p e x o n H o M nepwone, TO OH A s k i x e T c a

. K r n o 6 a n ~ 3 a u ~ ~ , ~ ~ n m ~ a m r u e i i B ce6rr u e ~ ~ p a n ~ 3 a u ~ m w M H T e p a U U H ) HeTeppMTOpMaJIbHbIX COuManbHbIX M 3KOHO-

. MIlqeCKMX CMn, r n o 6 a n b ~ y r o OpraHM3aUMH, C p e n C T B M a c -

C O B O ~ ~ k i ~ @ o p ~ a u M l l H KOMMYHMKaUWM, KaK H a npaBMTeJIb-

. CTBeHHOM, T a K M H a HerOCYAaPCTBeHHOhI YPOBHe. TOT nepexon MOXHO Ha3BaTb nepexOAOM o ~ z e o n o ~ 7 u n t u ~ u K zeo- npasne~um.

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K a MnM OpMeHTkipOBaHa H a CTaTMCTWKY M PbIHOK, B 3HaqM-

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: wefi cnoco6~oc~w p a 3 r n 1 1 n e ~ b H o m e c ~ p y q p b ~ M non- A e p X U B a T b T e t13 HHX, KOTOPbIe Mbl CYMTaeM ryhfaHHbIMki.

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: I lpeTauMM 3aKOHa B e n y U M M n p M H u H n O M a O n X H a 6 6 1 ~ 6 Ca-

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: ~ b 1 f i P H ~ ~ ~ A O M Q > ~ J I ~ K O M B CTaTbe n O n Ha3BaHMeM " ~ o H c K U

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TaK U OuyueHHe HOBbIX B O ~ M O ~ K H O C T ~ ~ ~ H O B O B B ~ ~ ~ H W ~ ~ , - K p O i O ~ H X C R B ~ e l i 3 B e n a ~ ~ o f i o6,lac~u B03HUKaIO~HX n0-

TeHuliaJIbHbIX CTpylrryp BJIaCT11. T O ~ ~ K O BHYTPM 3 ~ 0 f i H e - . u 3 s e n a ~ ~ o f i o6nac~u M O X H O pa3manerb "npono~br"

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Page 8: (HATO) - ieer.org

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ki3 BbIwecKa3aHHblx ~pe6osa~ui i cnenyer, YTO yrposa mep- . wnii, yeM n o T e H u w a n ste~ameii u3 y n o ~ n ~ y r a ~ x neyx KPFH~IX - H ~ I M O p y x u e M nnu ero n p u M e H e H n e , KaK n p a s u n o , nporuBo- : PJIC nPO c @ a 3 u p o s a ~ ~ o f i p e m m i i .

. PeYUnO 6b1 HOPMaM MeX.QYHapO~HOrO npaBa, npUMeHReMOX'0 . - Cmatnb~ III .

- c c m rojlocos tlpornua ccrru, . Aoro~op o HepacnpocTpaHeHna wepHor0 OPY~KHR . rlpou~o rio peutaroujory toilocy ripe3udertnia .

. Pamuqbu y u p o s a ~ 187 zocydapcmsmu - C ~ U ~ C T B ~ ~ T 0 6 ~ 3 a ~ e n b c ~ ~ o CnenoBaTb nyxy no6poii BonH u . (6celtU C??lpaHCLltU 3a UCKnFoYeHUC3l.i Ky6b1, M H ~ U U ,

nosec-ru no s a e e p u e ~ u n n e p e r o s o p b r , senyque K mepHoMy : H3pau.m u na~ucmaria), scmynu~ s cuny 5 Mapma . p a s o p y x e s u m BO Bcex ero acnemax non c r p o r u h i u s @ @ e ~ - . 1970 2., npodneii Ha ~eonpedeneri~brti c p o ~ s 1995 2.

TUBHblM hfeXAyHap0nHbIM KOHTpOJIest. K a x n o e U 3 mCynapCTB - YqaCTHHKOB HaCTOIIUerO AO~OBO- : - t l ~ o I I L R o ed14n0aacn0 : pa, 0 6 n a n a ~ u t i x RnepHbIM opyxuest, O ~ R ~ ~ ~ T C R He nepena- . Ban KOMY 6b1 TO HU 6b1no nnepHoe opyxue unu npyrue n n e p -

: Hble B3pbIBHbIe Y C T ~ O ~ ~ C T B ~ , aTaKXe KOHTPOnb HW TaKUM OPY- 1 . X U e M U n U B3PbIBHbIMU Y C T P O ~ ~ C T B ~ M W HW npHM0, HU KOCBeH- .

HO; PaBHO K a K U HUKOUM 0 6 ~ ~ 0 ~ He IlOMOraTb, H e n O O U p ~ b .

: n0dnU~aHHblfi C ~ ~ ~ U H ~ H H ~ ~ U U LLlmama~L4 ~ ~ I ~ ~ U K U 1 U H e n06yxnaTb K ~ K O ~ - n u 6 0 IUCynapCTBO, H e 0 6 n w a m u r e e : . U C0lo30.l.i C O G ~ ~ C K U X C O ~ U W ~ U C ~ U lleCKUX Pecnybnu~ . HnepHblM O p y x H e M , K npOH3BOnCTBy unu n p u o 6 p e ~ e ~ u m Ka- .

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nenbsoro p a i i o ~ a , KpoMe K a K npenycMoTpeHo B C~arbe 111 Ha- . cToRuero floro~opa.

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K a x n o e W 3 r0CynapCTB - YYaCTHWKOB HaCTOIIUerO ~ O ~ O B O - '

pa, He o 6 n a n a m u u x n n e p H b r M opyxneM, 0 6 n 3 y e ~ c n H e npnHn- MaTb nepenaqU OT KOrO 6b1 TO HU 6bmo HAepHOm 0p)'XMR U n U . npyT'HX mepHbIX B3PbIBHbIX YCTPO~~CTB, a Tame KOHTPOnl Hiill '

TaKWM OPYXUeM UnW B3PbIBHbIMU Y C T P O ~ ~ C T B ~ M U HU npRM0, : HH KOCBCHHO; He npOU3BOlIUTb H H e npuo6pe~a~b K ~ K H M - n u 6 0 . H H ~ I M C ~ O C O ~ O M mepHoe opyxue unu npyrue m e p H b r e B ~ P ~ I B - . HbIe ~ C T ~ O ~ ~ C T B ~ , paBH0 KaK U H e ~ O ~ U B ~ T ~ C R U H e IlPHHHMaTb : ~a~oii-nW60 noMoqu B n p o w s ~ o n c ~ s e nnepHoro o p y x u n u n u .

a) B npenenax onHom paiio~a p a 3 ~ e u e ~ u n c u c n m r PO pa- ~ P Y M X R ~ ~ P H ~ I X B ~ P ~ ~ B H ~ I X YCTPO~~CTB.

. AUyCOM CTO nHTbneCIIT KUnOMeTPOB C UeHTPOM, HaXOnRuWM- . -Cmamba II '

c n B c r o n u u e n a ~ ~ o i i CTOPOHY, CTOPOH~ M O ~ ~ T PmBePTbI- . H I ( K ~ K O ~ nOnOxeHue H a c r o n q e r o aoroeopa He cnenyet TO^- :

Barb: ( I ) ~e 6onee nyc~oBbIx YcTaHoBoK n P o T u B o P a K e T H : KOBaTb K a K 3arparnsaloqee HeoraeMneMoe npaso Bcex yac r - . : H e 6onee ma n P o T u B o P a K e T H a CTaPToBblx no3uUUfix n (2) Pa- . aom~opa p a 3 ~ n ~ a ~ b n c c n e p o s a H u n , n p o u 3 ~ o n c ~ ~ o n . n w o n o K a u u o H H b I e cTaHuuu llPO B npenenax H e 6onee urec-ru .

Page 9: (HATO) - ieer.org

Bce Y n e ~ a ~ Opra~usauuu 0 6 a e n u ~ e ~ ~ b r x Hauuii ~o3nepxu- : BaSOTCR B UX MeXflYHaPOnHbIX OTHOUeHURX OT JTP03bI ~ U n 0 f i - UnU ee npUMeHeHUR KaK ~ ~ O T H B T ~ ~ ~ U T O ~ U U I ~ H O ~ HenpUKOC-

HOBeHHOCTU UnU I ~ O ~ U T H Y ~ C K O ~ He3aBUCUMOCTU n1o6oro r0- CynapCTBa, TaK U K~KUM-nu60 n p y r H M 06pasow, HeCOBMeCTU- . MbIbl C &nnhfU 0 6 l a e n U H e H H b 1 ~ Hauuii.

- Cmaniba 2, nytiKm 4

~ O I I O J I H H T ~ J I ~ H ~ I ~ IIPOTOICOJI IC ~eIieBcIC0~ O ~ O P O H ~ , ecnu npou30iine~ B o o p y x e H H o e H a n a n e H u e H a Yne- .

. ICOHBeHUHH OT 12 aBryCTa 1949 r., C B R ~ ~ H H ~ I G C . H a Opra~u3auuu, no T e x nop n o K a C O B ~ T Lesonac~oc~u H e :

3aluE¶~0~ XCepTB MeXC,QyHapOAHbIX BOOPyXCeHHbIX n p U M e T Mep , H ~ O ~ X O ~ H M ~ I X n n f l n o m e p x a H H n M e X n y H a p O n - .

ICOH@J'IHKI'OB (~POTOICOJI 1) H o r o M u p a u 6e30nac~oc~u. M e p b r , n p u H m b r e q n e ~ a ~ ~ Opra- . . H U ~ ~ U U U npu o c y q e c T a n e t i u u s~oro n p a B a H a ca~oo6opo~y, :

HpuHRm 8 ~lom 1977 2. Ha A~nnO~lfam~r le~K~f i + AOnXHbI 6b1Tb HeMelliIeHHO ~ 0 0 6 1 4 e H b 1 COB~TY ~ ~ ~ O ~ ~ C H O C T H .

. ~ o ~ @ e p e ~ y u u no pamu@u~ayuu u passuinuro

. ~ e x d y ~ a p o d ~ o z o ;yua~umap~ozo rzpasa, npLLlIeHU1U020 BBOOpyWeHHblX K O H @ ~ U K ? ? ~ Q X ; @CmynUJl

: 6 cwry 7 d e ~ a 6 p ~ 1979 z. (iieoqbuyuanb~b~6 nepesod)

: 3anpeuae~cn u c n o n a s o s a ~ b MeTonbr u c p e n c T s a s e n e H u n 60e- . BbIX n e f i ~ ~ ~ ~ g , KOTOPbIe npenHa3Ha ' I eHbI HnU, KaK MOXHO OXU-

n a T b , n p U B e & y T K CUIIbHOMY, O~IIIHPHOMY H .4JIUTenbHOMY

yuep6y o~pyxamuefi cpene. - Cmanrba 35, rrytiKnt 3

. r p m a ~ c ~ o e H a c e n e H H e u o T n e n b H b r e rpa>rznaHcKHe nuua non- e X H ~ I 0 6 n a n a ~ b 06weii 3awmoii OT onacsocreii, ~ o s ~ w ~ a r o q u x

B p e 3 y n b ~ a ~ e BoeHHbrx onepauuii.

r p a ~ a H c ~ H e n U U a H e AOJIXCHbI CTaHOBHTbCri 0 6 ' b e K T o ~ Hans-

: neswii. 3anpeuam~ca a m b 1 unu y r p o 3 b 1 H a c u n u n , O C H O B H O ~ ~

u e n b m KOTOP~IX n B n n e T c n p a c n p o c ~ p a ~ e ~ u e T e p p o p a cpenu r p a x n a H c K o r o H a c e n e H u x .

3anpewaio~ca H a n a n e H u n , B KOTOP~IX H e p a 3 n u r a I o T c n rpm- naHCKHe H BOeHHbIe UeJIH, [BKJIIOY~~~I] H a n U e H U I I , U KOTOPbIe,

KaK MOXHO OXHnaTb , BbI3OBYT C J I P ~ ~ ~ H Y I O r H 6 e J I b UnZi TeJIeC-

H o e n o B p e m e H u e r p a m a H c K U x nuu, H a H e c y T ywep6 rpax- n a H c K u M 0 6 b e ~ 1 . a ~ U ~ H BLIJOBJT B b r u e n e p e r u c n e H H b I e no- CnencTBHn B M K O ~ ~ - ~ U ~ O K O M ~ U H ~ U U U , W O 6yne-r qpe3MepHbIM

B OTHOUIeHUH T o r 0 KOHKPCTHOM) Pi npIIMOrO B O e H H O m ripe-

U M y q e C T B a , KOTOpOe n p O r H O 3 l i p O B ~ O C b .

- Cmamb/l 51, )1YHKmbf 1, 2, 4 U 5 (6bfdep2C~~)

: YCT~B OpraH~3aUliH O ~ % ~ ~ H H ~ H H ~ I X Haq~i i

i7odnuca~ 26urom 1945z., . scmynun 6 cwry 24 o~rnn6prz 1945 z.

. Bce Y n e H b 1 O ~ ~ H U ~ ~ ~ U U 0 6 l a e n U ~ e I i ~ b 1 ~ Hauuii pa3peruam~ CBOH MeKJQWaPOLIHbIe ClTOpbI M V H b I M N CpenCTBaMU TaKUhi 06-

H HUKOUM 06pa30~ H e AOJIXHbI 3 a T p a r U B a T b ~ o J ~ H o M o W ~ ~ U - OTBeTCTBeHHOCTU C O B ~ T ~ &!~o~~cHocTH, B COOTBeTCTBHU C

'

HaCTOnMUM YCT~BOM, B OTHOIIIeHUU npeAnpUHnTUI l B nro6oe . BpeMR TaKUX ~ ~ ~ ~ c T B U G , KaKUe OH CO'ITeT HCO~XO.ZII.IM~IMZI n n R

n o n n e p x a H u a M e x n y r i a p o n H o r o M u p a u 6e30nac~oc.r~. - C m a m b ~ 5 1 .

M e ~ n y H a p o n H b I f i Cyn RBJlneTCR l7IaBHbIM c y n e 6 H b I ~ OpraHOM . O ~ T ~ H M ~ ~ ~ H Z I O ~ ' ~ ~ ~ H H ~ H H ~ I X Hau~i i . OH n e f i c T B y e T B COOT- - BeTCTBUU C n p N n a r a e M b 1 M CT~TYTOM, K O T O P ~ I ~ ~ OCHOBaH H a '

C T ~ T ~ T ~ l l o c ~ o n ~ ~ o i i n a n a ~ b r M e ~ n y H a p o J I H o n > llpa~ocynua . u 0 6 p a 3 y e T H e o n e M n e M y i o s a c T b H a c T o n w e r o Yc~asa.

- Cntamba 92 '

Bce YJleHbr O p r a H U 3 a u U U IIBJlHSOTCn ips0 fact0 YWlCTHUKaMH '

CT~T)'T~ Mexny~apon~oro Cyna. - Cnlambn 93, nyHKm I .

r e ~ e p a n b s m Acca~6nen unu COB~T Le3onac~oc~u MOT 3an- . PaIIIUBaTb OT M e w y ~ a p o n ~ o r o Cyna KOHCYJIbTaTUBHbIe 3aK-

'

nIo4eHUII: I70 n m 6 0 ~ y IopHnUW?CKOMy BOnpOCy.

- Cmamba 96, nynxrn I .

Hamorrum KOHCTUT~UUR U 3aKOHbI C O ~ ~ H H ~ H H ~ ~ X ~ T ~ T O B , '

TIpUHUMaeMbIe BO UCnOjIHeHUe O H O ~ , PaBHO KaK U BCe BOrOBO- : PbI, KOTOPble 3aKnIOSeHbI UJIU 6 y ~ y ~ 3aKnSOW2HbI OT UMeHH CO- . enUHeHHbIX ~ T ~ T O B , HBJlRIOTCR BePXOBHbIM IIpaBOM CTpaHbI; '

U CynbU B KIWIOM Il1TaTe 06113aHb1 CJlenOBaTb TIKOBOMY npaBY, : YTO 6b1 e h l y HU ~ p O T H B O p e W i i r 0 B K O H C T U T ~ ~ H U U n U 3aKOHaX . nm6oro mara.

- Cmambx VI, l7apazpaqb 11 :

. HCTOYHUKM: K o ~ c y n b ~ a ~ u ~ ~ o e 3amlosc~uc Mcxny~apon~oro cyna http://www.icj-cij.org/icjwww/icascs/iunaiunanframchtm; Aoro~op 06 . - orpacrusesun CUCTCM npo~u~opauc7~0fi 060pocrb1 http://www.~tat~.g0~/~~~/global/arms/~catics/abm/abm2htm1; AHYO http://www.un.org/ . - Dcpts/dda/WMD/npttext.html; n p o ~ o m n X e ~ e ~ c ~ o i i KOHBCHUAU http://www.unhchr.ch/html/mcnu3/b/933htm; YCT~B OOH http://www.un.org/ :

aboutunlchartcr/index.html; KOHCT~T~UUH CUIA http://www.house.gov/ConstitutionlConstitution.html

Page 10: (HATO) - ieer.org

llpaso C O C . 7

CTanM O C H O B O ~ ~ HOBOTO HOPMaTMBHOrO IlOPIIAKa POXAaB-

- I l I e f i ~ R T0I;ila CMCTeMbI HallMOHaJIbHbIX IY)CYAaPCTB. C ~ ~ O A - : HII "I~OMCKM ~POLIMII" B c T p e Y a m T c a c PRDOM n p e n n ~ c ~ ~ ~ i i ,

B TOM wcne, c n o B c e M e c T H b r M H a p y r u e H n e M n p a B Y e n o s e -

Ka, He,QOCTaTOYHbIM yflOBJleTBOpeHHeM OCHOBHbIX MaTepM-

aJlbHbIX no~pe6~oc~e f i , Y X ~ L L I e H M e M COCTORHMR OKPYXa-

: mqeii c p e n b r M r n o 6 a n b ~ o i i ~ ~ n u ~ a p ~ s a u w e i i , B K ~ K ) Y ~

yQ03y Rf lepHOrO OpyXMH. C y a b ~ B c i p a M a ~ T p M npeABMAMT

mo6an~sa~1uto, K o T o p a H n e p e o p H e H T M p y e T r o c y A a p c T B e H -

- HYIO c M c T e M y c r e o n o n t l T M K M H a r y M a H H o e r e o n p a a n e H n e .

: O ~ H ~ ~ Y X H B , YTO " M ~ X A Y H ~ ~ O ~ ~ H O ~ n p a B O RBHO MMeeT npM-

B e p X e H H O C T b MaeRM rpoUMR", OH A a e T IlCHOe OnMCaHMe

: 3~0fi H ~ H ~ B ~ A ~ H H O ~ ~ o 6 n a c ~ ~ , C B e m BOenMHO HOPhIaTMB-

H b I e MHCTPYMeHTbI MeXAYHaPOAHOTO n p a B a , OpMeHTMpO-

BaHHbIe H a MMP 6e3 RAePHOrO 0P)QKMR.

B CBOeM nOCTpOeHMM B M p a ~ a ~ ~ p k i M C n O n b 3 y e T y C 0 -

: BepJJJeHCTBOBaHHylO MeTOnOnOrMIO ~ ~ o u M R , OCHOBbIBlMCb

H a Il03MTMBHbIX npaBOBbIX MHCTPYMeHTaX M MX MCTOPMYeC-

KMX M K)PMAWYeCKMX OCHOBaHMRX, a T a K X e H a @ Y H A ~ M ~ H -

TaJlbHbIX V a H M T a P H b I X IIPMHUMnaX, n p M 3 H a B a e M b l x Kynb-

: T y p a M M M BnacTHMM B c e r o w p a . OH T a m e A a n e K o saxo- AMT B MaKPOHCTOPMYeCKOM 11 MYJIbTMKYJlbTj'PHOM OTHOUIe-

. HMRX, CTaBR P R a BOnPOCOB, KOTOPbIMM H e 3aHMMaK)TCR

npyrne C Y A ~ M , M npnrnaruam H a c K p a 3 M b I m e H w m o M w p e

: B KOTOPOM M ~ I XMBeM, o TOM, K a K o e BnMRHCie ceii~ac o K a -

3bIBaeT H a MMP IlpaBO, M KaKWM 3 T 0 BJIMRHMe A O n X H O 6 b 1 ~ b .

. A ~ a n t r s t l p y ~ H a A e x A b I , K o T o p b l e B n p o u I n o M ~osnara- - n n c b H a R n e p H o e opyxtckie, B k i p a ~ a ~ ~ p ~ p a c c M a T p w B a e T

: p o n b Cyaa B y n p a B n e H H w M M P O B ~ I M C O O ~ ~ ~ C T B O M :

" M ~ p o ~ o f i P e X M M , n p c i KOTOPOM ~ ~ ~ o I I ~ c H o c T ~ AOC-

. TMraeTCR C I l O M O q b K ) C T p a X a M B KOTOPOM BbIXMBaHMe H

YHMYTOXeHMe MOrYT 0 6 c y ~ ~ a ~ b c ~ KaK P a B H O n p a B H b I e m b -

. TePHaTMBbI, CTaBMT MMP M 6ygyqee g e n O B e Y e C T B a B 3aBM-

CkiMOCTb OT CTpaXa. H e M O X e T 0 ~ 0 6 p M ~ b TaKYIO OCHO-

. BY M H p o B o r o n o p w l c a . Cyn n p e ~ ~ a 3 ~ a ~ r e ~ n n ~ y-cBepxAe-

HMR n p a B a ~ ~ K O H H O C T M , a H e npaea c u n b r unu cqaxa, M

. r y M a H k i T a p H b I e I lpl lHLIkinbI BOeHHOrO I I p a B a RBJIRIOTCR Cy-

~ ~ C T B ~ H H O ~ ~ YaCTbIO MeX)lYHaPOAHOrO n p a B a , O C y U e C T B -

. n R T b KOTOpOe IIpM3BaH 3TOT Cyfl".

B H ~ ~ M ~ H T P M T a m e HanOMMHaeT HaM H a n p U M e p e K)x- - H O ~ A@PMKM, n O Y e M y B HbIHeUIHMX YCnOBMllX B03paCTaIO-

wefi B3aMM03aBMCMMOCTM MMpa ~ ~ ~ Y C J I O B H O T p y n H a R 3a- . nara a~anusa M 0 6 ' b f l ~ ~ e ~ k l R M e x A y H a p o n H o r o n p a B a n p M -

o 6 p e ~ a e ~ n e p B o c T e n e H H o e s ~ a ~ e ~ ~ e :

. B H P ~ M ~ H T P U HanOMMHaeT Hahl, YTO B X H ~ H ~ C ~ O C O G - . HOG C O U M ~ J ' I ~ H O ~ ~ OPraHM3aUMM npMHIlTb1 HOPMbl nOBeAe- -

. HMR, 0 6 e c n e ~ ~ ~ a m q ~ e ee c y q e c T B o B a H u e . C n e a o ~ a ~ e n b - . HO, MeXLIYHaPOaHbIM IlpaBOM - KaKMM 6 b l ~ H ~ K H M O H 0 .

. HM Ka3aJ'IOCb - H e n b 3 R MaHMnynkipOBaTb TaKMM 06pa30~, . Y T O ~ ~ I npMHMMaAMCb PeJJJeHkiR, A O I l y C K a t o U M e B03MOX-

. H O C T ~ C a M o y H w T o x e H m . 0 6 t 2 c n e Y e H M e 6e3onac~oc~w no- CpencTBOM T O H W ~00p)QKe~kifi M CpeACTB MaCCOBOTO YHMY- -

. TOXeHMH HeCOBMeCTMMO C n p a ~ 0 ~ 0 f i C M C T ~ M O ~ ~ , 3anpeUa- . muefi yrposy R n e p H b t M O p y x H e M MnM ero npMMeHeHMe, .

. KaK 3 T 0 3 a n p e U e H O YCT~BOM OOH. Cyn 6 b m T a m e CBR3aH I O P M ~ M Y ~ C K O ~ ~ TpaAMLIkiefi, YHaC- .

. n e n o ~ a ~ ~ o f i OT ero n p e a u e c T B e H H m a , IIOCTORHHO~~ na- : n a T b 1 MeXAyHapOAHOTO n p a B o c y a M H (IIHMII). B 1927 r., -

. npw p a c c M o r p e H u w nena "~otus" nnMn n o c r a H o B w n a , ~m : b b ~ ~ e ~ I l ~ l l ~ X e ~ M ~ 06 OrPaHMYeHHOCTM CYBePeHMTeTa rO- '

. C y n a p C T B H ~ , ~ o ~ ~ c T H M ~ I " " . 3 ~ a " ~ ~ ~ M H C C H B H ~ T ~ o ~ M H " : M e X A y H a p O n H O r O n p a B a yTBepX&ieT, YTO p a 3 p e I l I e H O BCe, '

. YTO H e 3 a n P e q e H O . Aeno "Lotus" HaCKB03b npOHM3bIBUIO . KOHCyJIbTaTMBHOe 3aKnK)YeHMe Cyna, B b I H W m er0 BbI- '

. MCKMBaTb KOHKPeTHbIe 3 a n p e T b I B OTHOLUeHHM, H a n p H M e p , . R A e p H O r O 0p)QKMR. B k i p a ~ a ~ T p M BbIXOAkiT 3a PaMKM 3TOrO '

. l i p e 3 ~ b I Y a f i ~ o r o n0YTeHMR K C y B e p e H H T e T y rOCynapCTBa, . 3 a M e Y U , M e X A Y npOYMM, YTO B B O e H H O e BpeMR, KOr.4a '

IlpMMeHReTCR r y M a H k l T a p H 0 e n p a B 0 , H e M O X e T 6 b 1 ~ b ripe- . 3YMnUMkl AOIIYCTMMOCTU.

- K O H C Y ~ ~ T ~ T U B H O ~ 3aKnK)YeHMe T a K X e IIOMOrnO BbIII- . BMTb n p o 6 e n b 1 B 3 a K O ~ e 0 C ~ M O O ~ O ~ O H ~ , K O T O P ~ I ~ ~ C a M

. npencTar3nrre-r co6oii n p o R B n e H u e CIOHRTMR H ~ ~ ~ B H C M M O C - . TM. n p M HMeWUeMCII C n e l c T p e M H ~ H M ~ ~ 0 C M b l C n e ki npM- :

- MeHeHMM C ~ M O O ~ O ~ O H ~ I H e CTOMT Y,4MBJlXTbCA, ZrTO Mex- - : nyHapO+IIHOMy CyAy H e yniUlOCb COBMeCTMTb Y p e 3 ~ b I Y a f i -

- HYK) CMTj'aUMK) C ~ M O O ~ O P O H ~ I C CaMbIM ~ i p e 3 ~ b 1 Y a f i ~ b l ~ - CPeACTBOM ~ 0 f i ~ b 1 H a C ~ ~ H I I U I H M ~ ~ A e H b - RAepHbIM O p y - 1 w e M . E c n ~ ~ ~ K O H H e n c e H u H e n o c n e A o B a T e n e H B OTHO- -

: LUeHMM MCnOnb30BaHMII CMnbI n p M ca~oo60po~e, OH eqe 1 - M e H e e 6 y ~ e ~ o n p e n e n e H H b I M B B o n p o c e 06 OP)QKHM M a c - .

COBOIW YHMYTOXeHMR M " C ~ M O M CYueCTBOBaHMM r O C y A a p -

CTB~".

Cy.4 H e CMOr P e U M T b BOnpOCa 0 C ~ M O O ~ O ~ O H ~ B er0 OTHOrUeHHM K CYUeCTBOBaHMIO rOCYAapCTBa, nOTOMy YTO .

. B 0 3 H M K a I O U r n CMCTeMa re0IlpaBJIeHl-M Y v O X a e T CaMOMy . cytyecmsoeaHum zocydapcrnee~~ocmu KaK M H c T m y T a . B

: KOHIJenuHM " Y p e 3 ~ b l Y a f i ~ o f i CMTyaUMH C ~ M O O ~ O P O H ~ I "

' nOAYepKMBaeTCH T q e T H O C T b IlOnbITOK npOBeCTM nMHMIo ' . "Peue~ne Cyna o H ~ ~ ~ K O H H O C T H p e x n M a a n a p T e w n a . MMenO MiUlO UaHCOB Ha TO. W O IlDaBnTenbCTBO, BNHOB- . M e m y 3aKOHHbIM M He3aKOHHbIM npMMeHeHMeM R.4epHOrO .

O P ~ X W R . Cyn H e n p ~ 3 ~ a n , wo npaeo H a c a~oo6opo~y non- . H o e B HaPYUIeHWM, C HWM COrJlaCNTCR; TeM H e MeHee, OH0 .

. n o M o r n o C @ O ~ M U ~ O B ~ T ~ O ~ I U ~ C T B ~ H H O ~ MHeHWe, yHnY- . X H O C O n p O B O ~ a T b C R o6ma~~ocmbm: O ~ X ~ ~ H H O C T ~ K ) 803- : T o x n B u r e e p e x n M anapTewna . Ecnn 6b1 Cyn ByMan, YTO A e p x a H M x .

3T0 pemerine He n p n H e c e T nOnb3b1, KOHeU anaprenna MOr . npoBeneHHblfi BNpaMa~Tpw a H a n M 3 nena u ~ o b s " y K a - - 6b1 OTJlOXWTbCR H a MHOrO neT, e C n n 6 b 1 ~ 0 0 6 u e KOrna- 3 b l B a e ~ Ha nPllHUllnNanbHO H O B Y ~ M H T ~ P ~ P ~ T ~ U M K ) .

~ n 6 y n b ~ a c - r y n ~ n . n p o r r c ~ e ~ n e s a ~ o ~ a c a ~ o no ce6e HB- . CM.: npaeo, C. 1s ,

Page 11: (HATO) - ieer.org

KOMII~HMH Cogerna npvlsnecleHa :

a? p a H U y 3 C K O e KOMMep9eCKOe n p e A n p M R T M e no p e n p o u e c c u H r y B JIa Xare (La Hague), H a x o m -

ueecs non y n p a s n e H M e M KoMnaHMM Cogema

K o n w q e c T B o nnyroam B M w p e . I ~ ~ T o H M ~ ~ n o n y q a e T c f i ~3

r p a X A a H C K O r 0 O T ~ ~ ~ O T ~ H H O ~ TOnnkiBa , H a p a 6 a ~ b l B a e M o -

ro so @ p a ~ q y s c ~ ~ x pearcropax, a T a w e B peamopax sapy- 6 e x ~ b 1 x KJIMeHTOB, ~ p y n ~ e f i ~ ~ k i ~ k f M3 KOTOPbIX RBJIRIOTCR

~ ~ ~ M ~ H M I I M %IOHHH. ~ ) P ~ H U Y ~ C K O ~ n p a B M T e n b C T B 0 B n a -

A e e T KOHTPOn bHbIM naKeTOM a ~ ~ M f i KOMnaHMM Cogenla'. C K O H q a 80-x rOnOB, no M e p e TOrO, KaK ILIJIO CTaHOBne-

: HMe I IpOMbIUIneHHOm K ~ ~ ~ H O M ~ C U T ~ ~ H O ~ X PeIlpOUeCCUH-

ra, Q > ~ ~ H ~ Y ~ c K o ~ n p a B M T e n b C T B 0 HaLiUIO n0MCKM nn0ua- . AOK A n R 3aXOPOHeHMR CBOMX IIPOMbILUneHHbIX BbICOKOPa-

AMOaKTMBHbIX OTXOAOB. K ~ K M nOBCIOfiy B MMpe, 061,rr~ne- HMe npenBapMTenbHOIX3 CnkiCKa O T O ~ ~ ~ H H ~ I X I I n O u a A O K AJIII

M3yYeHMR MX npMrOAHOCTM BbI3BanO 6 y p ~ b 1 f i n p o ~ e c ~ ' . : H ~ O ~ X O A M M O 6 b 1 n o n O n 0 X M T b K O H e 4 3TOMY nPOUeCCY, M

( D p a H ~ k l R H a 9 a n a p a 3 p a 6 a ~ b 1 B a ~ b H O B ~ I ~ 3aKOH 0 IIAePHbIX

. OTXOAaX, K O T O P ~ I ~ ~ 6b1n IIPMHRT B 199 1 r. M ~ I 6 y ~ e ~ CCbI-

AaTbCR H a 3TOT 3aKOH KaK H a %KOH 6 a ~ e n R , no MMeHM er0 . a B T o p a , X p w c ~ ~ a ~ a E a ~ e n l r , w e H a @pa~qysc~oro napna- - M e m a , Y n e H a npasaqeii C o u w a n ~ c ~ k i ~ e c ~ o i i n a p T m .

. B COOTBeTCTBMM C ~ ~ K O H O M 6 a ~ e n R , H ~ O ~ X O A H M O np0- BOAkiTb MCCneAOBaHHX OaHOBPeMeHHO no T p e M M e T O a a M

. o 6 p a u e ~ ~ a C BbICOKOpa&MOaKTkiBHbIMM OTXOAaMM (xpa~e- HMe, TPaHCMYTaUMR M ~ ~ x o ~ o H ~ H M ~ ) . C T ~ T ~ R 3 ~ K O H ~

. npeAl lMCbIBaeT B 0 3 B p a T 3 a p y 6 e X C ~ b 1 ~ PaAHOaKTMBHbIX OT-

XOAOB B c T p a H y MX npokicxcx ,qeHki l I nocne s a ~ e p r n e ~ ~ ~ . penpoueccwira o ~ p a 6 0 ~ a ~ ~ o r o T o n n u s a . A p y r M ~ B W H ~ I M

n o n o x e H M e M 3 a ~ o ~ a R B n R e T c s TO, TO OH sanpeuae~ xpa- - HeHMe MHOCTPaHHbIX R n e P H b I X OTXOAOB H a @ P ~ H U Y ~ C K O ~ ~

s e ~ n e a o n b m e o n p e ~ e n e ~ ~ o r o BpeMeHki , H ~ O ~ X O A M M O ~ O

. no T e x H o n o r u u penpoueccti~ra~. 1 7 p ~ TOM n o ~ p a ~ y ~ e ~ a - JIOCb, 9 T O KOMnaHUII C0gema (a) H e 6 y A e ~ nPMHMMaTb MHO-

C T p a H H O e O T ~ ~ ~ O T ~ H H O ~ T O n n M B O A n R X p a H e H M R H a

: T e p p w T o p a n ( D p a ~ q w i i , ecnu OHO H e n p e n ~ a 3 ~ a r e ~ o n n ~ - p e n p o u e c c u H r a , (6) H e 6 y ~ e ~ XPaHMTb O T ~ ~ ~ O T ~ H H O ~ T o n -

nmo B T e Y e H H e n n k i T e n b H o r o nepuona BpeMeHM no pen- p o u e c c M a r a , M (B) H e 6yae~ X p a H m b OTXOA~I penpouec-

: cmra O T ~ ~ ~ O T ~ H H O ~ O T o n n u s a B T e r e H u e m M T e n b H o r o

- n e p M O A a BpeMeHM.

B o T x o n a x penpoqeccuara 6 o n b r u a r r s a c T b paAr?oatc-

TMBHOCTM COAePXklTCR B XMAKklX BbICOKOaKTMBHbIX OTXO-

. AaX, KOTOPbIe OCTeIUIOBbIBaIOTCI M XPaHRTCR B CneukiaJ Ib-

HO n o c T p o e H H b I x C o o p y x e H m x H a n n o u a n K e JIa Xar, Ha-

3an xpattunuwa e yexe no ocnieK.vosMeattulo, paduoxu.rzuuec~oe . npednpuxmue no penpoyeccuttzy 8 J a Xate, apanyus. B smo.rr . narrelyettuu xpawrmcR sbtcoKoaKmireHble ontxodbr, ttapa6oma~1ibte npu penpo~~eccurite ompaGo~na~trroro ~depnoro mon7t1ea, noc~e mozo, KaK '

Olio 6b1n0 OCnleK,706UHO U YnQKOBUllO 8 K O P P O ~ U O H H O - C ~ I O ~ ~ K U ~ : Kalrucmphr. Kanucn~ptd c ontxoda.wu Ire sttdlro ria q5omorpa$uu, . t10CK0.7bKJt 01111 XpaliRmCR nod nO,VO,If 8 Cy.VllX U4UXnlU.Y C 803d~lll~hl,\l ox;laxdenuerr.

x o ~ f i u e f i c f i H e n o n a n e K y OT UIep6ypa H a cesepo-sanane : O ~ ~ H U M M . HM~KO- M CPeAHeaKTMBHble OTXOAbI, H ~ P ~ ~ O T ~ H -

H b I e B pe3YJlbTaTe P e n P O U e C C M H r a , A O n X H b I n n O T H O yna- . KOBbIBaTbCR M XPaHHTbCR B eMKOCTRX B n a xare. H~CMOT- . p R H a TO, 9 T O KOMnaHkiR C0gema B e p H y n a HeKOTOpOe KO- : n M q e C T B 0 OCTeKnOBaHHbIX OTXOAOB, H ~ ~ ~ ~ O T ~ H H ~ I X B XOAe '

P e l l P O ~ e C C M H r a MHOCTPaHHOrO O T ~ ~ ~ O T ~ H H O ~ O TOnnMBa, . M B ~ ~ P M ~ H M I O M %IOHMK), 6 0 n b m a ~ MX 9 a C T b O C T a n a C b H e '

Bb1Be3eHHofi M n p O f l O n X a e T HaKannMBaTbCR B fla XaR. YTO ,

KaCaeTCR HII3KO- MnM CPeAHePaAMOaKTMBHbIX OTXOAOB, OHM '

n0nHOCTbIO OCTUIMCb BO @ P ~ H ~ M M , 21 KOMnaHMR C0gema . M ee KnkieHTbr AO CMX nop H e p e r u k i n M n p o 6 n e ~ y MX OKOH- . 9aTeJIbHOTO MeCTa Ha3Ha'IeHMR. ~ M A K H ~ HM3KOaKTMBHbIe . OTXOilbI C ~ P ~ C ~ I B ~ I O T C F I B n a - M ~ H w .

K o ~ n a H M a Cogema npwmna: P OKOnO 50 TOHH HeMeuKOI-0 O T ~ ~ ~ O T ~ H H O ~ O MOX- TO^- .

n m a - T.e. o ~ p a 6 0 ~ a ~ ~ o r o T o n n w s a , nonyqamuerocn : B p e 3 y n b ~ a ~ e 0 6 n y r e ~ w ~ B H e M e u K n x pealnopax c M e - . W a H H O r O TOnJIMBa akiOKCMA IlnyTOHMR - RMOKCMA ypa- . H a 3a nepuoa c 1988 no 1998 r. K o ~ n a ~ w ~ Cogema - H e w M e e T p a 3 p e m e ~ u ~ H a nepepa6o~~y 3~01-o o~pa6o- : T a H H o r o T o n n m a M H e o 6 p a u m a c b 3a ero n o n y q e H u - . eM. T a ~ o e p a 3 p e U e H H e H ~ O ~ X O A H M O , nOCKOnbKy O T p a - : ~ O T ~ H H O ~ M O X - T O ~ ~ M B O COAepXMT H a M H O m 6 o n b r n e -

CM.: Cogema, c. 12 . npnmerlannn, c. 14

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Cogema . C O C . 1 1

. IlJIyTOHMH M APYrMX TPaHCYPaHOBblX PaAMOHYKJIWAOB,

YeM O T ~ ~ ~ O T ~ H H O ~ YpaHOBOe TOIlnMBO. OHO, KaK OTMe-

: YaJl aBTOp 3 i 3 ~ 0 H a , rOCnOAMH EaTeJIb , XPaHMTCH B Hap)'-

- u e H w e nyxa s a ~ o ~ a OT 199 1 r.:

" ~ ~ K O H [I99 1 rona] pa3pCmaeT XpaHHTb OTXOHbI IlOCjIe

nepepa60~~M TOjrbKO B TeYCHMC BpeMeHM, ~eo6xonn~o- ro nnx oxnaxnemx orxono~. B Hebf He n p e n y c M o r p e H o

XpaHeHMe H e npomenmero PenpOUeCCMHr O T ~ ~ ~ O T ~ H H O -

rO TOnjIWBa B TeYeHMe DMTenbHOrO nepMOfla BpehfeHM B

o x n n a H M u penpoueccmra. 3 ~ a n p a n w K a n p o T m o p e q M T

nyxy 3 a ~ o ~ a . X p a ~ e ~ u e OTXO~OB, He n p e n ~ a 3 ~ a u e ~ ~ b r x

nnH r p a x n a H c K o r o penpoueccusra, He paspeure~o. K ~ K aBTOp 3aKOHa, II 3aRBJIHW, YTO 3 ~ 0 f i n p a ~ ~ M ~ 0 f i HaPYUIa-

WTCH nJ'X M ~ Y K B ~ 3aKoHa". (Le Monde, M3 MHTePBbtO,

B~HTOTO y E a ~ e i r x x y p ~ a n ~ c ~ o ~ X e p ~ e K e ~ n a o h f , 6 Map-

T a 200 1 r.).

b B T e q e H M e n e T a 2000 r. B .JIa Xar 6 b l n 0 n o c T a B n e H o Ye-

T b I p e napTMM H ~ O ~ ~ ~ Y ~ H H ~ I X OTXOAOB OT IlpOM3BOACTBa

M O X - ~ o n n ~ s a c sasona B X a ~ a y ( T e p ~ a ~ w ) , ~ ~ H M M ~ B -

U e r O C H M3rOTaBJleHMeM M O X - T O ~ J I M B ~ , K O T O P ~ I ~ ~ B Ha-

C T O H q e e BpeMH AeMOHTMpyeTCH. TO TOnnMBO HaMeYe-

HO H a penpoueccmr. O ~ H ~ K O KoMnaHkiw Cogema ~ e o 6 - : XOAMMO 6 b 1 n 0 n o n y Y w T b c n e U M a n b H o e paspeue-

H w e OT DSIN (Direction de la surete des installations : nucleaires, a H a n o r KOMMCCMM no H A e p H o M y perynwpo- - BaHMm B CUIA) ana 13x n e p e p a 6 0 ~ ~ ~ , HO o H a H e o6pa- : q a n a c b 3a TaKMM p a 3 p e u e ~ u e ~ . K p o ~ e T o r o , ~ T M no-

CTaBKki 6b1nM O C Y q e C T B n e H b l 6 e 3 B e a O M a @ P ~ H U Y ~ C K O -

. ro M M H M C T ~ ~ C T B ~ no 3 a U M T e 0~py~amIl le i i CpeAbI M He-

B3MpiUI H a TO O ~ C T O I I T ~ ~ ~ C T B O , 'ITO B nOCneAHMe ABa r O n a

, g ? p a H l J y 3 ~ ~ 0 e n p a B M T e n b C T B 0 H e pa3 3 a f l B n H n 0 , YTO

@ ~ ~ H U M H H e 6yneT 6 o n b w e p a 3 p e U a T b 8803 O T P ~ ~ O T ~ H -

. HOrO TOnJlMBa I13 r e p M a H M M a0 T e X n O p , n 0 K a r e p M a H M H

H e BO3bhleT O ~ ~ ~ T H O CBOM OTXOabl M3 n a xara. MMHM- . CTePCTBO nPOMbIUlneHHOCTM 3aRBJlReT, YTO nOCTaBKM

TOnnkiBa 6b1nM 3aKOHHbIMll, nOCKOnbKy TOnnkiBO - H e

. O ~ J I ~ Y ~ H H O ~ , a KOHTPaKT 6b1n IlOAnHCaH B 1997 I'., A 0

BBeneHMR B 1998 I'. 3 a n p e T a H a TpaHCIlOPTMPOBKY OTXO-

. AOB ~3 r e p ~ a ~ w n BO O p a ~ u u m . Ha TOT roa 3anna~u- POBaHO ewe 0AMHHa.iIuaTb nOCTaBOK M3 X a H a y .

) TPMCTa l l I e C T b a e C R T 0 6 J l y Z l e H H b I ~ TOnnMBHblX 3 n e M e H -

TOB MBP ( h l a ~ e p ~ a n o e e a r e c ~ ~ i i pearcrop) ~3 aBc.rpa-

nwiic~oro M c c n e a o s a T e n b c K o r o peamopa A Y K ~ C Xaii~. TO TOllJIMBO, KOTOPOe n p k i 6 b 1 n o B n 0 p T LUep6yp B M a p -

T e , T a m e H a M e Y e H o H a p e n p o u e c c t l H r , HO, KaK M B npe- a b I a y r r r e M cnysae, KoMnaHww Cogema H ~ O ~ X O A M M O no- n y y w r b c n e u M a n b H o e p a s p e u e a k i e OT DSIN.

Gaccefirr d~rn ~par~e~run ontpa60rna11~1ozo n~onnuea, ~ ~ ~ I ~ O X U M U W C K O ~ 1 . rrpedr~prr~ntrre rto perrpoyeccurrty Cogerna -JIa Xaz, (Dpanyu~. .

Cfiop~rc o6,7))veiuroro ti1on.7rrsa no,itetc~alomcx 6 a\tKocntu tc xpawmw . nod eoOoic s meveirtte no .treirbtueti ,rrepe d ~ y x en^, neped mar, KKK oorru . @pdynl noOsepzzr~j~in~r pet~poqecctciq.

\ : Reflexion, d'Information, et de Lutte Anti-Nucleare MnM 1 C O K p a U e H H O CNLAN), H ~ I ~ ~ ~ B M T ~ ~ ~ c T B ~ H H o ~ ~ OpraHM3a- .

: uweji B HOPM~HAWW, 3 a a ~ n ~ e ~ c 1 1 , Z~TO K o M n a H m Cogema : H a p y w a e T 3 a ~ o ~ Ea~enrr. B 1997 r. B xano6y 6 b 1 n a B H e c e - .

: H a I l O n p a B K a M 6b1~10 BKJIlOqeHO O ~ B M H ~ H M ~ B Yp03e 06- U ~ C T B ~ H H O ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ O ~ ~ ~ C H O C T I I , I lOCKOnbKy 3aKOH, ~ P M H I I T ~ I ~ .

: B TOM rOAy, p a 3 p e W a n OTLIeAbHblM JIUUaM ~ 0 3 6 y X a a ~ b ym- : n O B H O e jJeJIO, eCnM OHM CYMTatOT, l i T 0 MX 6 e 3 0 n a c H o c ~ b .

. I lOABepraeTCH yp03e BCJleACTBMe He3aKOHHbIX f i e f i ~ ~ B M 2 : - c ~ b e i i - n ~ 6 0 CTOPOH~I . A M j J b e A ~ x e i i , npenc~a~nnsmuii . : CRILAN H a KOMMCCMM B Aa Xare M H a KOMMCCMH B Ona- :

~ a ~ ~ ~ n n e ~ , M ~ ~ I B U I M ~ ~ Y n e H o M E s p o n a p n a ~ e ~ ~ a , H a n n e T - . . CH MCTUOM 110 3TOMY HOBOhlY O ~ B M H ~ H I I M . B MCKe Y T B e P X - :

a a n o c b , YTO A e t I T e n b H o c T b m , npe~c~aanamqei i yrposy anx . . o 6 q e c ~ ~ a , HBnHeTCH ( H ~ ~ ~ K O H H O ~ ) XpaHeHMe MHOCTPaHHbIX :

a A e p H b r x OTXOAOB B n a Xare, a T a m e s b 1 6 p o c b r paawaum . B O K p y i K a m q y m cpeny B p e s y ~ l b ~ a ~ e p e n p o u e c c w H r a .

B C T a T b e 3 3 a ~ 0 H a 06 OTXOaaX OT 199 1 r. O'ieHb KOHK- '

p e T H 0 rOBOpMTCH B OTHOUleHMM B03BPitTa MHOCTpaHHbIX OT- . XOAOB. fl03MuMH CRILAN COCTOMT B TOM, ' IT0 3aKOH T p e - .

6 y e ~ BO3BpaTa BCeX OTXOAOB, KOTOPbIe GbInki ~ a p a 6 0 T a H b 1 . B Aa Xare B p e s y n b ~ a ~ e p e n p o u e c c M H r a H H o c T p a H H o r o OT-

.

~ ~ ~ O T ~ H H O ~ O TOllnMBa. ~ O M M M O OCTeKJIOBaHHbIX BbICOKO- . y p O B H e B b l X OTXOaOB, C0gema T a K X e A O n X H a B e p H y T b : B C0OTBeTCTBYK)qWe CTPaHbI M A P Y r M e OTXOAbI p e n p O U e C - .

C y g e 6 ~ o e neno CRILAN/AH>K~D CMHra.

IlpOTVlB KOMnaHvlvl C0gema a0 TOrO, KaK B 1994 r. 6 b m n o a a H MCK, Cogema, no- . BMAMMOMY, H e ~ 0 6 M p a J l a ~ b B03BpaUJaTb MHOCTPaHHbIe OT- :

B McKe, n o n a H H o M B 1994 r. K ~ M H T ~ T ~ M 38 O T p a X e H M e , . XOAbI B CTpaHbI CIPOMCXOweHMfl O T ~ ~ ~ O T ~ H H O ~ O T o n n u B a , . : k i ~ g ? ~ p ~ a L l M k O ki a H T M R A e p H y m 6 o p b 6 y (Comite de CM.: Cogema, C. 13

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Cogema co c. 12

BKJlKl'IaR r e p M a ~ M I o , .%IoHWIo , U ~ e f i u a p W t O , E k ~ l b r k i I O M

HMaepnaHJ lb1 , a 3TM CTPaHbI , B CBOIO O ' i e p e n b , H e co6wpa- n M C b IlpMHWMaTb O ~ ~ ~ T H O CBOM OTXOAbI. @ ~ K T M ' I ~ C K M P a C -

CMOTpeHMe n p e X H M X KOHTPaKTOB KOMnaHWW C0gema no- K m b I B a e T , ' IT0 MHOCTPaHHbIe 3aKa3'IMKM HaAeRnMCb H a B C e P

na OCTaBMTb CBOM OTXOnbI BO @ P ~ H U H U ITOn I l p e f l n O r O M OT-

n p a B K M O T ~ ~ ~ O T ~ H H O ~ O TOIlJIMBa H a p e n p O 4 e C C M H r .

Mcxona ~3 C B k i n e T e n b c K k i x n o ~ a 3 a ~ ~ f i r o c n o n M H a Ea- T e n a , p e n p o u e c c M H r on~ofi n a p T w w o ~ p a 6 o ~ a ~ ~ o r o T o n -

n M B a 3 a H M M a e T OT nHTM n0 BOCbMM n e T (BKIIK~Y~II B p e M R

Aria OCTeKJIOBaHMR BbICOKOaKTHBHbIX OTXO~OB). OI"Iepa4MM

no penpoueccu~ry T e x n a p ~ ~ i i o ~ p a 6 o ~ a ~ ~ o r o T o n n w B a , B

p e 3 y J l b T a T e KOTOPbIX 0 6 p a 3 0 s a n ~ c b O r p O M H O e KOnM'IeCTBO

OCTeKnOBaHHbIX BbICOKOaKTMBHbIX OTXOAOB, XpaHRIUMXCII

B H a c T o a q e e B p e M R B JIa Xare, 6 b 1 n ~ nawo s a s e p r n e ~ b l .

O ~ H M M M3 r n a B H b I X a P V M e H T O B B c y n e 6 ~ 0 ~ Aerie, ~ 0 3 6 ~ ~ - AeHHOM CRILAN, RBnReTCR TO, ' iT0 3TM OTXOnbI BCe eI4e x p a H R T c r r B Jla Xare B H a p y m e H M e @ P ~ H U Y ~ C K O ~ O 3 a ~ o ~ a .

uenu nonaqli w c K o B o r o s a a s n e ~ ~ ~ opra~wsauwefi CRILAN sa~nro~a ro~ca B c n e n y m u e M :

1. O @ n u n a n a ~ o nonTsepn lcTb , YTO n n o q a n ~ a B JIa Xare Kohrna-

HHH "Koze~a" CT&iIa MeCTOM CBajlKW II,QePHbIX OTXOAOB H3

E ~ p o n b r H f l n o ~ l c u .

2. ~ ~ O ~ ~ M O H C T ~ H ~ O B ~ T ~ , YTO KOMnaHIiR C0gema HCnOJIb3OBa- '

Jla He3aKOHHbIe npHehlb1 AJ?n IlOnylreHHII KOHTpaKTOB.

3. ~ O ~ Y ~ P K H ~ T ~ TOT @aKT, T O lIpaBHTeJIbCTB0 nO3BOJlHJIO KOM- '

IlaHHH C0gema HaPYllIHTb 3aKOH, a HMeHHO, H e OTOBOPUB, S T 0 . 6ynp Hi3nOXeHbl CaHKUHW B CJIylrae HapyIIIeHHR 3aKOHa, H,

TaKHM o ~ P Z ~ ~ O M , %KOH ~ ~ T ~ J I R H ~ 6b1n TIOJIHOCTbIo B ~ I ~ o J I H ~ H ' . : 4. C ~ O C O ~ C T B O B ~ T ~ B03Bpa.r)' HHOCTPaHHbIX (YTXOnOB B CTpaHy- .

llOcTaBUMK W 3THM C ~ O C O ~ C T B O B ~ T ~ C ~ e P X H B a H W I o HJIH IlOJI- : H O ~ V n p e K p a u e H n I o penpoueccmra.

5. npki~neub $ p a ~ u y 3 ~ ~ 0 e H HeMeuKOe npaBHTeJlbCTBa K OTBeT- : CTBeHHOCTH H 3aCTaBIITb HX pa3pe l l IHTb BCe TpynHOCTH, ripe- . nHTCTByIoUHe BO3BpaUeHUIo OTXOAOB B CTpaHY, H3 K O T O ~ O ~ ~

'

OHH 6b1nn BbIBe3eHbI. He TOnbKO Cogema, HO T a K X e H npaBH- . TenbCTBeHHble BenOMCTBa OTBeTCTBeHHbI 38 TO, 'IT0 H e np0- H3OUIJIO 3aKOHHOm BO3BpaTa OTXOnOB B T~PM~HWH) .

~ O M U M O 3KOnOrM'IeCKWX M I IpaBOBbIX a C n e K T O B 3 T o r O . aena, c a M @am A o n x e H T a K m e n p e A c T a a n a T b 6onburoii MH-

T e p e c g J I n BCeX n p y r M X C T p a H , o ~ ~ ~ o ' I ~ H H ~ I x npo6ne~oii : 06paue~m C R n e p H b I M M M a T e p H a n a M M M I l n e p H b I M M OTXO-

AaMM. Ecnli 6ynm n p M 3 H a H 0 , 'ITo KOMnaHWR "Koxe~a", Mki- . po~oii n w e p no 06pa60~~e M 1lepepa60~~e n n y T o H u R , pe- . r y n R p H 0 H a p y U I a e T 3aKOHbI Q ) ~ ~ H u M M , M O X e T 6 b 1 ~ b , H a g 0 . nOCTaBkiTb B O n p O C 0 TOM, B " H ~ , L ~ ~ x H ~ I X JIM P Y K ~ X " HaXO- '

AMTCR 60nbum ' l a C T b TPaXAaHCKOTO B b I A e n e H H O m nny- . TOHMR B ~ M p e ?

B ~ ~ P M ~ H M M , BCTp€TMna X e C T K O e I ~ P O T H B O ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ C T B M ~ CO CTO- .

l l o n y ~ c l s r r r r i i i MMPOBYIO O r n a c K y c y n e 6 H b 1 i i npouecc, . ~ 0 3 6 ~ X ~ e H H b l f i CRILAN, c b r r p a n CBOIO P O n b B n p w o c T a -

O p a ~ u ~ ~ o B M a e 1998 r., no n p k i H R T m p e 3 o n m u ~ ~ no BO-

200 1 r. 6 b ~ n a o c y q e c T B n e H a o T n p a B K a o T x o n o s ~3 Jla Xara :

O ~ ~ ~ T H O M H a n p a B n e H M M 1 000 TOHH O T ~ ~ ~ O T ~ H H O ~ O T o n - : n m a r o T o a o c e k a c K O T n p a B K e B Jla Xar H a penpouec- .

COM cyne6~oro nposecca.

CM.: Cogema, c. 14 .

b CRllAN npnmewa Kmnanuto Cogema K way B Uiep6ype B . 1994 r. 3a HaaKoHHOe XpaHeHbl8 BblCOKO8KTblSHbM UHOCTPW- . HblX 0-0s (CM. CTaTbIO)

b @ p a ~ ~ c ~ t l rpu~nuc npvlBneK Cogema K cyay 3a numaem 06ny.le~~oro wepnoro Tonnvlea ~3 Aac~panmu. 15 Map= 2001 r. cya npwnn paweHue B nonmy rpn~nuca n anpemn Cogema pa3rpyxan Tonnnso. V T O ~ ~ I y c m m ~ ~ 0 8 peueHue, CyA HaJlOXUn LUTpa@ B pa3Mep8 100 000 @ ~ ~ H K O B (OKO~O 15 000 flOJlJlap0~) 3a %b)rpYX8HHblk TOI~~UBHM# 3he- M M , IlpL?WM 3TOM UJlpa@ aOZM<8H 6~ BblflJla'lMBaTbCR ICa)K-

p ~ n o H~XWD, noxa ~ M M B O ~e 6 y m ~ ompatwetlo o6panio r n ~ ~e 6 y m nonyrle~o pa3pewwMe Ha pwpoqeccllrtr. Cyancue n m o s ~ , m, Cogarna(Roma eliannawn 20 000 apan~oe rpw~nucy B Kartame ro~opapa IOPHMY, o w a ~ o no anennn- LYOHHOR moUa Cogema ymocb m e ~ n i b TO peurenue. Pacc~orpenue a m n p o ~ ~ n : ~ .

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k i 3 0 q p e H H b I e BMAbI B O O P Y X ~ H I I ~ ~ , KOTOPbIe HeJ le rKO A a X e

I U I ~ C C M @ M U U ~ O B ~ T ~ .

Hawe n p a B 0 H e AaCT H a M CTaTb eAMHbIM O ~ ~ ~ C T B O M ,

e C n H ll03BOnMT n p O A O J I X a T b BKJIaAbIBaTb O v O M H b I e CpeA-

CTBa M T a n a H T b I B H a y V Pa3PYUIeHMII. B k i p a M a ~ ~ p M ripen-

n a r a e T noaxon, npeonone~amqwfi 31-y T e H n e H u k i m .

1. M c p a ~ A c i i ~ a ~ nanncl.cn nrlpcmopohf 6wpo nprf OOH opra~rrsauuii '

"Bpasri allipa 3a npCnCJTBpaUICHIiC ~ T O M H O ~ B O ~ ~ H ~ I " 11 "Bpasrr 3a CO- : uuanbHym OTBCTCTBCHHOCT~~', PacnonvitccHHoro B H H ~ I O - ~ ~ O ~ K C . OH^ . npcnclasiina 31-y C T ; I T L ~ Ha Ko~@epeny1111 no H ~ c ~ / I H o . I I ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ o ~ J ' J K ' c - . HUIO, JHIIO u nop,irarr npasa, npoecnc~~oi i IEER B OOH B Hbm- . a o p ~ c 25 anpcnx 2000 r.

2. CM. Hanpuhlcp Charlcs Moxlcy, Nuclear IVeaports and International : LUMP in the Post Cold War World. Lanham, Maryland & Cumnor Hill, ,

Oxford: Austin & Winficld, 2000; Elliott Mcyrowitz, Prohibition of . Nuclear tveapons: The Relevance of international La\$! Dobbs Fcrry, . Ncw York: Transnational Publishers, Inc., 1990.

3. Aorosop o HcpacnpocTpaHcHuri ~ n c p ~ o r o opyitcru, 21 U.S.T. 483,729 : U.N.T.S. 161, 7 I.L.M. 8 1 1 (1 968). B MHTCPHCTC: http://www.un.orgl . Depts/dda/WMD/npttcxt.html.

4. Ycras OOH, BcTynun B criny B 1945 r. 59 Stat. 1031, T.S. 993, 3 Bcvans 1 153. B MHTCPHCTC: http:N~~~.~n.~rglO~~rvicw/Chartcrl contents.html.

5. Legality of the Tltreat or Use of hruclear. IVeapons (Advisory Opinion . of thc Intcrnational Court of Justicc. July 8, 1996). UN Doc. A/5 112 18 . (1996), 35 I.L.M. 809 & 1343 (1996). B M H T C ~ H C T C : http:l/ +

www.Icnp.orglwcourt~opinion.htm and http://www.icj-cij.orglicjwww/ '

icascs/iunan/iunanframc.htm. (HcrcinaAcr "1CJ Advisory Opinion.") 6. 1CJ Advisory Opinion, Declaration of Prcsidcnt Bcdjaoui. 7. f jnaronapi~~ op ra~~3auum "lOpuc~br 3a couuanbHyw OTBCTCTBCH- .

HOCTL" 31 ~ O P ~ ~ Y ~ W P O B K Y 3TOr0 CnUCKa. 8. TOT pa3ncn B3ST C COKpaUICHUffMU 113: Saul Mcndlovitz & Mcrav '

Datan, "Judgc Wccramantry's Grotian Qucst," in Transnational Law : & Contemporary Problems Vol. 7 No. 2, Fall 1997.

9. ICJ Advisory Opinion, Disscnting Opinion of Judgc Wccramantry, . 10. Richard Falk, "Thc Grotian Qucst" in R. Falk ct al., cds., International

Lalcl: A Contemporary Perspective. Bouldcr, CO: Wcstvicw Prcss, 1985 '

(Studics on a Just World Ordcr, No. 2). 1 1 . S.S. Lotus (Fr. V. Turk.) (1927), Pcrnmancnt Court of Intcrnational .

Justicc Publications, Scrics A, No. 9, at 18 (Scpt. 7). B MHTCPHCTC: . http://www.law.bcrkclcy.cdu/faculty/ddcaron~Courscs/il/i102005.htm. -

. HAT0 co c. 14

liBnlieTCR 0 6 l i 3 a ~ e J I b ~ b 1 ~ M BO BpeMli B O ~ ~ H ~ I . TO nono- )KMT K O H ~ U H e o n p e A e n e H H o c T u , C O ~ A ~ H H O ~ ~ CUlA 1.1 ux

: COI03HWKaMU no HATO B OTHOrUeHllW HAePHOrO nepe- p a c n p e n e n e H m .

. 4. M 6 e 3 - b l i ~ e p ~ b 1 e u l i n e p H b I e r o c y n a p c ~ m - r n e ~ b ~ EC non- X H b I 3 a B e p u T b OCTanbHbIX YYaCTHUKOB B TOM,

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OHHOIQ UcH-rpa no ~ p a ~ c a r n a ~ ~ w l r c c ~ o i i 6c30nac~ocnr (BITS). 3 ~ a CTaTbII OCHOBaHa Ha CTCHOI-pahlC CIY) BblC'lynnCHHR Ha Ko~q'~epenyuu no ~ d e p ~ o . i t y pa3opyxcenuro, AHIlO u uop~ra.rr npasa, n p o ~ c n c ~ ~ o i i

: IEER B OOH B H ~ I O - ~ O ~ K ~ 25 anpcnn 2000 r. (Opuru~an CTCHOr-

pamlbr MOXHO ~ a i i ~ u B MHTCPHCTC: http://www.iccr.org/latcst/ . . nptotfri.htm1). Ero noKnan 6b1n ocHoBaH Ha riccncnoBaHuu, npoec- . . nCHHohl mR OnCTa, O ~ ~ ~ J I I ~ K O B ~ H H O ~ BITS I1 BASIC B h1apTC 2000 r. '

non HassaHuchr "Bonpocbr cucrc~br ynpaanc~1ln" (http://www.bits.dc/ . - framcs/publib.htm).

2. Charlcs E. Johnson, "U.S. Policics on Nuclcar Wcapons," Washington, . . Dcccmbcr 12, 1964, partially dcclassificd in 199 1 (Lyndon B. Johnson '

. Library). 3. "Qucstions on thc Draft Non-Proliferation Trcaty Askcd by U.S. Allics .

Togcthcr with Answcrs Givcn by thc Unitcd Statcs," in: "Non- . Proliferation Trcaty" Hcarings bcforc thc Cornmittcc on Forcign . Rclations," U.S. Scnatc, Exccutivc H 90th Congrcss 2nd Scssion. '

. Washington, 1968, pp. 262-263. 30 nliCbM0 BXOnHnO B COCTaB pa- : T H @ U K ~ U H O H H ~ I X AOK)'MCHTOB, nOCnaHHblX nPC3lIACHTOhI B C C H ~ T . 2 u m n 1968 r., A C H ~ cnycTn nocnc noirnucaHrix Aoroeopa. ncpsbrc . O ~ U C C T B C H H ~ I C CJIYIlIaHUR no 3Tiihl iIOhyhlCHTahl ilpOBOnUnUCb 10, 11, . 12u17umn1968r .

. 4. Adrian Fishcr, "Mcmorandurn for Mr Bill Moycrs, Subjcct: Working :

. Group Languagc for thc Non-Prolifcration Trcaty: Relationship to . Existing and Possiblc Allicd Nuclcar Arrangcmcnts," Scptcmbcr 30, . 1966, Original Classification Sccrct-Exdis, pp. 4--5.

5 . "Non-Proliferation Trcaty" Hcarings bcforc thc Cornmittcc on Forcign '

. Rclations," U.S. Scnatc, Exccutivc H 90th Congrcss 2nd Scssion, .

. Washington, 1968, p. 258. 6. 0p . cit.

CM.: HATO, c. 16 .

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7. "Non-Prolifcration Trcaty" Hcarings bcforc thc Committcc on Forcign . Rclations", U.S. Scnatc, Executive H 90th Congcss 2nd Scssion, . Washington, 1968, p. 60.

8. "Non-Proli fcration Trcaty" Hcarings bcforc thc Committcc on Forcign Rclations", U.S. Scnatc, Exccutivc H 90th Congrcss 2nd Session, .

Washington, 1969, p. 424. 9. 6oncc nonpo6~o 0 "saw ti " ~ T ~ o T H B " 3TOrO npCM0-;rcCHliH CM. Otfricd '

Nassaucr and Markus Nitschkc, "Dic NATO, Europa und das Endc '

dcr tcchnischcn nuklcarcn Tcilhabc", BITS-Policy Note 00.7, Bcrlin, 1 Dcccmbcr 2000, uo~opoc MOTHO ~ a f i r n B MHTCPHCTC: http:// . www.bits.dc/frames/publib.htm.

10. Final Declaration of thc Third Rcvicw Confcrcncc of thc NPT, Hanc- . SrrraHo B: Jozcf Goldblat, "Twcnty Ycars of Non-Prolifcration Trcaty - : Implcmcntation and Prospects", Oslo, 1990, p. 138.