Pizza di Carlo - de lekkerste pizza om zelf te maken – door Oscar Zuethoff
Grammar - WordPress.com...Past continuous p. 30 Geen hulpwerkwoord Zet not (nt) acher de vorm van to...
Transcript of Grammar - WordPress.com...Past continuous p. 30 Geen hulpwerkwoord Zet not (nt) acher de vorm van to...
Choices pre-intermediateGrammar
Present simple p. 9
Hele werkwoord (zonder to)
Derde persoon (he/she/it) + (e)s
I eat pizza.
The cat eats fish.
Mom washes my dirty clothes.
Vorm
Present simple p. 9
Vorm van ‘to be’ geen
hulpwerkwoord nodig.
Zet vorm van to be
vooraan.
I am happy.
______________
He is happy.
_______________
Andere ww gebruik
do/does en het hele
werkwoord. Zet do/ does
vooraan.
I work at McDonald’s.
___________________
The dog barks all night.
____________________
Vragend
Present simple p. 9
Vorm van ‘to be’ geen
hulpwerkwoord nodig.
Zet vorm van to be vooraan.
I am happy.
Am I happy?
He is happy.
Is he happy.?
Andere ww gebruik
do/does en het hele
werkwoord. Zet do/ does
vooraan.
I work at McDonald’s.
Do I work at McDonald’s?
The dog barks all night.
Does the dog bark all
night?
Vragend
Present simple p. 9
Vorm van ‘to be’ geen
hulpwerkwoord nodig
Zet not (n’t) achter vorm
van to be.
I am happy.
__________________
He is happy.
__________________
Ander ww gebruik
do/does en het hele
werkwoord.
Zet not (n’t) achter do/ does.
I work at McDonald’s.
_____________________
The dog barks all night.
______________________
Ontkennend
Present simple p. 9
Vorm van ‘to be’
geen hulpwerkwoord nodig
Zet not (n’t) achter vorm van
to be.
I am happy.
I am not happy. (I’m)
He is happy.
He is not happy. (isn’t)
Ander ww gebruik
do/does en het hele
werkwoord.
Zet not (n’t) achter do/ does.
I work at McDonald’s.
I don’t work at McDonald’s?
The dog barks all night.
The dog doesn’t bark all
night?
Ontkennend
Present simple p. 9
• Feiten
•Gewoontes
•Roosters / schema’s / dienstregelingen
Wanneer
Present simple p. 9
Always
Often
Sometimes
Usually
Hardly ever
Every …
Signaalwoorden / tijdsbepalingen
Present simple p. 9
+ Dad always smokes a cigar.
- Dad doesn’t always smoke a cigar.
? Does dad always smoke a cigar?
Voorbeeldzinnen
Present continuous p. 9
Am / are / is + werkwoord + ing
I am eating pizza now.
The cat is eating fish right now.
We are eating dinner at the moment.
Vorm
Present continuous p. 9
Geen hulpwerkwoord nodig.
Zet am/ are is vooraan.
I am eating pizza now.
________________________
The cat is eating fish right now.
_________________________
We are eating dinner at the moment.
___________________________
Vragend
Present continuous p. 9
Geen hulpwerkwoord nodig.
Zet am/ are is vooraan.
I am eating pizza now.
Am I eating pizza now?
The cat is eating fish right now.
Is the cat eating fish right now?
We are eating dinner at the moment.
Are we eating dinner at the moment?
Vragend
Present continuous p. 9
Geen hulpwerkwoord nodig
Zet not (n’t) achter de vorm van to be.
I am eating pizza now.
______________________________
The cat is eating fish right now.
_______________________________
We are eating dinner at the moment.
_________________________________
Ontkennend
Present continuous p. 9
Geen hulpwerkwoord nodig
Zet not (n’t) achter de vorm van to be.
I am eating pizza now.
I am not eating pizza now. (I’m)
The cat is eating fish right now.
The cat isn’t eating fish right now.
We are eating dinner at the moment.
We aren’t eating dinner at the moment.
Ontkennend
Present continuous p. 9
Nu aan de gang
Wanneer
Present continuous p. 9
Now
Right now
At the moment
Currently
Signaalwoorden / tijdsbepalingen
Present continous p. 9
Dad is smoking a cigar now.
Dad isn’t smoking a cigar now.
Is dad smoking a cigar now?
Voorbeeldzinnen
Which tense is it?
Present simple vs. Present continuous p. 9
Wanneer:
• Feiten
• Gewoontes
• Roosters / schema’s / dienstregelingen
Signaalwoorden:
Always, often, sometimes,
usually, hardly ever, every …
Dad always smokes a cigar.
Dad doesn’t always smoke
a cigar.
Does dad always smoke a
cigar?
Wanneer:
• Nu aan de gang
Signaalwoorden:
Now, right now, at the
moment, currently
Dad is smoking a cigar now.
Dad isn’t smoking a cigar
now.
Is dad smoking a cigar
now?
Present simple vs. Present continuous p. 9
Present perfect p. 14
Vorm:
Affirmative
• Have/ has + past participle
Regelmatig -ed
Onregelmatig leren
Negative
• Haven’t / hasn’t + past particple
Interogative
• Have / has + subject + past participle
Present perfect p. 14
When:
• If somethng happened in the past and the consequences are still visible.
• When a result is still noticable.
Present perfect p. 14
Signal words
Just, yet, never, ever, already, so far, up to now, since, for, recently
Present perfect p. 14
Tips:
In het NL v.t.t. is meestal niet present perfect!
Some and anyNo, a lot of, a few, a little p. 18
Is het een vraag? Nee Is het een zin met NOT? Nee SOME
Ja Ja
any any
Extra: verwacht je ja als antwoord in een vraag dan is het some (in vragen waarin iets wordt aangeboden).
No p. 18
No with uncountable and countable plural nouns
There are no books left.
There is no room for you anymore.
A lot of p. 18
A lot of with uncountable and countable nouns.
There is a lot of noise.
A few p. 18
with countable plural nouns
I’d like to have a few candy bars.
A little p. 18
With uncountable nouns.
Give me a little time.
Past continuous p. 30
Geen hulpwerkwoord nodig.
Zet was/ were vooraan in de zin
I was eating pizza.
__________________
The cat was eating fish.
__________________
We were eating dinner.
___________________
Vragend
Past continuous p. 30
Geen hulpwerkwoord nodig.
Zet was/ were vooraan in de zin
I was eating pizza.
Was I eating pizza?
The cat was eating fish.
Was the cat eating fish?
We were eating dinner.
Were we eating dinner?
Vragend
Past continuous p. 30
Geen hulpwerkwoord
Zet not (n’t) acher de vorm van to be.
I was eating pizza.
_________________
The cat was eating fish.
__________________
We were eating dinner.
___________________
Ontkennend
Past continuous p. 30
Geen hulpwerkwoord
Zet not (n’t) acher de vorm van to be.
I was eating pizza.
I wasn’t eating pizza.
The cat was eating fish.
The cat wasn’t eating fish.
We were eating dinner.
We weren’t eating dinner.
Ontkennend
Iets wat in het verleden aan de gang was.
Past continuous
Wanneer
While
Past continuous
Signaalwoorden / tijdsbepalingen p. 30
+ Dad was smoking a cigar.
-Dad wasn’t smoking a cigar.
? Was dad smoking a cigar?
Past continuous
Voorbeeldzinnen p. 30
Past simple p. 30
Regelmatig: werkwoord
+ (e)d
I worked last night.
She worked last night.
Onregelmatig: leren
I was at the club last night.
They were at my place
yesterday.
Vorm
Past simple p. 30
Vorm van ‘to be’ geen
hulpwerkwoord nodig.
Zet vorm van to be
vooraan.
I was happy.
_______________
He was happy.
________________
Ander ww gebruik did
en het hele werkwoord.
Zet did vooraan.
I worked at McDonald’s.
____________________
The dog barked last night.
_____________________
Vragend
Past simple p. 30
Vorm van ‘to be’ geen
hulpwerkwoord nodig.
Zet vorm van to be vooraan.
I was happy.
Was I happy?
He was happy.
Was he happy?
Ander ww gebruik did en het
hele werkwoord.
Zet did vooraan.
I worked at McDonald’s.
Did I work at McDonald’s?
The dog barked last night.
Did the dog bark last
night?
Vragend
Past simple p. 30
Vorm van ‘to be’ geen
hulpwerkwoord nodig
Zet not (n’t) achter vorm van to
be.
I was happy.
________________
He was happy.
________________
Ander ww gebruik did
en het hele werkwoord.
Zet not (n’t) achter did.
I worked at McDonald’s.
___________________
The dog barked all night.
____________________
Ontkennend
Past simple p. 30
Vorm van ‘to be’ geen
hulpwerkwoord nodig.
Zet not (n’t) achter vorm van to
be.
I was happy.
I wasn’t happy.
He was happy.
He wasn’t happy.
Ander ww gebruik did en
het hele werkwoord.
Zet not (n’t) achter did.
I worked at McDonald’s.
I didn’t work at McDonald’s
The dog barked all night.
The dog didn’t bark all
night.
Ontkennend
Past simple p. 30
Een gebeurtenis in het verleden die helemaal voorbij is.
Wanneer
Past simple p. 30
• LADY-words (last, ago, date, yesterday/year)
•When …?
Signaalwoorden / tijdsbepalingen
Past simple p. 30
+ Dad smoked a cigar yesterday.
- Dad didn’t smoke a cigar yesterday.
? Did dad smoke a cigar yesterday?
Voorbeeldzinnen
Past simple p. 30
Als een werkwoord eindigt op een medeklinker + -y, danverandert de –y in -ied in de past simple.
to tryRobert tried it on.
Maar als er voor de -y een a, e, o of u staat, komt er in de past simple gewoon -ed achter het werkwoord.
to playWe played tennis yesterday.
spelling
Past simple p. 30
Als een werkwoord eindigt op een –e die je
niet hoort, komt er in de past simple alleen
een –d achter het werkwoord.
to
Love
I loved that dress.
spelling
Past simple p. 30
In de past simple wordt de laatste
medeklinker van het werkwoord verdubbeld
als er één klinker (a, e, i, o, u) voor staat.
to stop
She stopped the thief.
spelling
Past simple past continuous p. 30
Korte actie past simple
Lange actie past continuous
Past simple and present perfect p. 34
Past simple we know exactly when it happened in the past.
Present perfect Time in past is unknown or doesn’t matter.
Have to / not have to p. 47
Have to / not have to
We use this structure to talk about necessity and obligation. Remember that have to / not have to needs be used in the correct grammatical form.
Examples:
I have to study.
She has to study.
I don’t have to study.
She doesn’t have to study.
Can / can’t p. 47
Can / can’t
We use this structure to talk about possibility or permission.
I can swim.
She can swim.
She cannot swim / She can’t swim.
Remember that cannot is the only negotiation of a verb and not written as one word!
May, must, must not p. 50
May, must, must not
These structures are used to express:
• Permission May I spend a penny? (Meaning use the bathroom)
• Obligation You must write with a pen.
• To forbid You mustn’t drink alcohol under the age of 21.
These structure are formal English.
Future p. 56 Will / won’t
Use it to express opinion and belief about the future.
• I’m sure she’ll be home by now.
• He definitely won’t feel sorry about moving house.
May / may not p. 56
Use it to make uncertain predictions or to guess.
• He may try to pass his exams.
• The test may not be difficult.
To be going to p. 56
Make predictions based on evidence in present situation
• I’ve studied hard. I’m going to pass this exam.
• He’s been partying all night. He is going to be absent tomorrow.
Future conditional p. 62
Conditional Sentences refer to the future.
An action in the future will only happen if a certain condition is fulfilled by that time. We don't know for sure whether the condition actually will be fulfilled or not, but the conditions seems rather realistic – so we think it is likely to happen.
Future conditional p. 62
If + present simple tense, will / may + infinitive
Condition consequence
All, most, many, some, no, none p. 66
We use these words with countable nouns (woorden die je kunt tellen)
and uncountable nouns (woorden die niet te tellen zijn).
Many only with plural nouns!
Countable Uncountable
1 house – 2 houses Rice
1 car – 3 cars Water
A girl – 5 girls time
All, most, many, some, no, none p. 66
Quantifier Rule Sentence
All Every thing or person of a particular type; the wholeamount.
All her brothers hate ballet.
Most Almost everyone / everything Most pupils hate reading.
Many A lot of things / people Many of my classmates like vloggers.
Some Things or a certain amount, anumber of people
Some people like haggis.
No / none Not any There is no room left.None of the pupils passedtheir exam.
Passive p. 72 Active Passive
The class watches a film. A film is watched (by the class).
The class watched a film. A film was watched (by the class).
The class has watched a film. A film has been watched (by the
class).
The class can watch a film. A film can be watched (by the class).
Passive p. 72
• Opdracht 1:
Wat is belangrijk in de active zin?
Wat is belangrijk in de passive zin?
Passive p. 72
Why?
Passive is used when we do not know who does the action or it is simply irrelevant.
We use the by-agent to put emphasis on who does the action.
Passive p. 72
1. Look up the subject and the object forms.
2. Change the object into the subject.
3. Find out which tense is used
4. Insert the correct form of ‘to be’ and tense
5. Insert the past partciple. * + -ed regular verb / 3rd row irregular
6. When necessary finish the sentence with the by-agent.
Conditionals p. 78
Conditionals To talk about uncertain events and situations (things that may or may not happen; which may or may not
be true) we use if clauses.
if + past simple would / could + infinitive
If I were single, I would live in the city centre. To talk about impossible situations in the present.
If I won the lottery, I would live in a villa. To talk about imaginary, unlikely situations in the future.
The p. 82
The
Study Language Choice 55 when to use the with geographical names.
Intentions and arrangements p. 88
Future:
• To talk about an intention in the future we use to be going to remember to use the correct form of be.
• To talk about events that are arranged we use present continuous
• To talk about time tables, events, schedules etc. we use the present simple.
Defining relative clauses p. 94
These clauses are used to make clear about who / what we are talking about.
To introduce the relative clause you must use a relative pronoun:
• Who / that to talk about people. Girls who / that dance.
• Which / that to talk about things. Tables which / that are made of wood.
• Where to talk about places. The beach where we went swimming.
• When to talk about time. The time when she got a tattoo.
Defining relative clauses p. 94
We can leave out the relative pronoun who, which or that when it does not come immediately before a verb.
I see the teacher who talk to my parents.
I see the teacher you saw in the city centre.
Reporting advice, orders and requests p. 98
To report advice, orders and requests we use:
ask, tell, advise, order, want someone (not) to + infinitive
Dad: “Could you carry these bags?” My father asked me to help him with his bags.