FATIMA AL-AWADH

Gastric Ulcer

• THE STOMACH IS THE FIRST INTRA-ABDOMINAL PART OF

THE GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT.

• IT IS A MUSCULAR, HIGHLY VASCULAR BAG-SHAPED

ORGAN. • THE STOMACH LIES IN THE

LEFT UPPER QUADRANT OF THE ABDOMEN.

Introduction

Objectives

Mention the anatomy and histology of the stomach.

Define and display the morphology of gastric ulcer.

Mention the risk factors & causes of gastric ulcer.

Explain the pathophysiology of gastric ulcer.

Pylorus Pyloric canal

Anatomy of the stomach

FundusCardi

a

BodyPyloricantrum

ESOPHAGUS

Duodenum

Histology of the stomach

Gastric pits

Gastric glands

Muscularis mucosa

Blood vesselsOblique muscle

layerCircular muscle layerLongitudinal muscle layerConnective tissue layerVisceral

peritunium

Mucosa

Sub-mucosa

Muscularis

Serosa

Ulcers

An ulcer is a medical condition caused by a break in a bodily membrane.

Common forms of ulcers include:

Skin ulcer

Genital ulcer

Mouth ulcer

Peptic ulcer

Venous ulcer

Ulcerative

colitis

Gastric ulcer

A break in the normal tissue that lines the stomach.

A type of peptic ulcers.

Morphology

Gastric peptic ulcers are

predominantly located near the interface of the

body and antrum.

Statistics per 100,000 inhabitant

  no data   less than 20 20-80   80-140   140-200   more than 200

Risk Factors

Non-steroidal anti-inflammat-ory drugs

Helicobacter (H) Pylori infection

Smoking Increasing age

Alcohol abuse

Pathophysiology

1 .Aggressive factor

H. PyloriNSAIDs; Aspirin Corticosteroi

ds

Alcohol abuse

Cigarette smoking

Pathophysiology

2 .Increased gastric acidity

ClH K C

l

NaC

l

ClH

ClH K C

l

KCl

NaC

l

Na C

l

The increasing acidity

Increase in the process pepsinogen→ pepsin rate

Activation

Pathophysiology

3 .Impaired defensesDecrea

se in

Epithelial

transport

Mucosa secretio

n

HCO3¯ secreti

on

Blood flow

Pathophysiology

4 .Gastric ulcerSome cells die

due to ↑ digestive enzymes and

↓ defense in the stomach.

Pathophysiology

4. Gastric ulcer

References

Clinically Ordinated Anatomy, 6th ed. Pg233,Figure2.37.B.

Anatomy of the stomach

http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/media/68634/Structures-of-the-human-stomach-The-stomach-has-three-layers

Histology of the stomach

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ulcer Definition and types of ulcer

http://ak47boyz90.wordpress.com/2010/09/02/l5-patho-peptic-ulcer-disease/

Morphology

\http://www.umm.edu/patiented/articles/who_gets_peptic_ulcers_000019_5.htm

Risk factors

\http://www.histopathology-india.net/PepUlc.htm

Pathophysiology