Biogas opwaarderen met het DMT-Carborex®-MS systeem:

Volgende generatie biogas opwaarderen met behulp van zeer selectieve gasscheidingsmembranen

J.Langerak M.Sc., Procesingenieur

DMT Environmental Technology

Jlangerak@dmt-et.nl

Stof %

Methaan, CH4 45-75

Koolstofdioxide, CO2 25-45

Koolstofmonoxide, CO 0-0,3

Stikstof, N2 1-15

Water, H2O verzadigd

Waterstofsulfide, H2S 0,1-0,5

Zuurstof, O2

Siloxanen, R2SiO, terpenensporen

Waarom biogas opwaarderen?

Vergister

Gas behandeling(ontzwaveling)

Gasbehandeling(opwaarderen)

Groen gas(CBG: Compressed BioGas)

Mobiliteit

Stroom 40%

Warmte 60%

Warmte-krachtkoppeling

gas net

Op grotere schaal toegepaste technieken

• Druk wissel absorptie (PSA)- complex/ hoge operationele kosten+ N2 verwijdering

• Katalytische absorptie - de chemicaliën en warmte die nodig is+ zeer laag methaan verlies

• Cryogenic liquefaction.- complex/ duur/ nog geen bewezen technologie/ lage energie efficiëntie+ vloeibaar CO2

• Membraan separatie- Bij grote schaal (10-20%)+ Eenvoudig systeem

• Druk water wassing- hoge kolommen+ Geen chemicaliën nodig, eenvoudig systeem, hoge energie efficiëntie

Groot eis vs klein eis

• PWS: Pressurized Water Scrubbing– High energy efficiency– Low investment and operational cost– Low methane slip (but still oxidizable)– Robust system– Most flexible system– No chemicals

ISET 09-09-2009

• >90% of possible biogas production sites are <200m3/hr.• 60-80% of possible biogas capacity is from small scale site.• 50-200Nm3 biogas equals 35-150 l diesel

=> 170.000-1.450.000 euro/a

Why Small-scale biogas upgrading

Membraan scheiding

Klein schalig:

Strong Weak

• Becoming energy producer instead of user• Combination with CHP for total energy

independence• Plug and play• Low running costs• Easy to use• Compact unit which is easy to transport• Biogas replaces fossil fuels• Awareness of global warming among people and

companies

• Constant sales or usage necessary• Very case and situation depended• CBG is hard &expensive to store• Need to switch (adapt) to gas running engines• Big investment step when looking to the total chain.

(digester/ upgrading/ storage /dispenser/ adaption)• Does not fulfill Swedish gas standards• Transport and low storage of gas• Not be able to inject on gas grid

DMT-Carborex®-MS

Biogas CH4

CO2

Membrane separation

Multi stage

Stage 1 Stage 2

Stage 3

Compressor

Mix vat

QI2

QI1

PC1

PC2

Demonstration and R&D plant at ACCRES

Pilot plant:

– 50m3/hr– Fuel station – Flexibility in:

– Membranes– Stage configuration– Pressure (per stage)– Temperature (per stage)

Full-scale plant at Poundbury

– 650m3/hr– Gas-to-Grid– 40 ft container– Compressor– Propane injection– H2S filter

The Poundbury project

2.5 minutes stable/ on spec

Gasflow

CO2

CH4 slip

Pressure

And stays stable....30 minutes 100% stable

DMT-Carborex®-MS control

MS PWS

Commissioning (weeks) 1-2 8

Optimisation (weeks) 3 12

Maintenance Low Medium

Ease of control Low Medium

Robustness (Up time in %) 98+ 96

Ramp-up/start 2 minutes 2 hours

Flexibility (Gas fluctuation allowed in %) 0-100 50-100

Accuracy of control Calorific value/wobbe ± 0,1% ± 1%

Operational comparison PWS/MS

Operational comparison PWS/MSMS PWS

Engergy consumption (kWh/Nm3) 0,20 0,23

Methane slip (%) <0,5 1

O2 removal ± 50-70% negative (± 0,1 v/v%)

CO2 in Biomethane 0,5-1,5 1-3

Required propane addition 3-5 4-7

Energy recovery (%) 98 96

Chemical use - Water

Waste stream CO2 99,5% CO2 (10-15%)

Conclusions• Large scale biogas upgrading with PWS• Large potential for small scale sites.• Small scale biogas upgrading with MS• Cheap, robust, simple and high energy

conversion• Short payback periods• Small scale biogas upgrading is the

future

Conclusions

For large flows (thousands of Nm3/h)

Lowest Opex/Capex

For small/medium flows most economic system (Lowest Opex/Capex)

Superior performance

Plug and play

Leading technology: “Future” technology:

“Biogas upgrading with

the DMT-Carborex®-MS system”

Utilizing green gas to the full potential

J. Langerak M.Sc. , Process engineer

DMT Environmental Technology

jlangerak@dmt-et.nl

Pilot plant onderzoek

Flexigas Thema C

Decentraal gasopwerking

Pilot plant research:- Ontzwaveling - Methaanverwijdering

Small scale

René van der KloetIvem student Rijksuniversiteit Groningen

René van der KloetStudent Energy and Environmental Sciences

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CH4 Pilot Testen- Verlagen methaan emissies ivm broeikasgas (23x CO2)

- Interessant voor DMT:PWS : lage methaan in grote luchtstroom

MS: lage methaan in grote CO2 stroom

- Pilot Plant testen Groningen

- Biologische CH4 verwijdering

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• Micro organismen (bacteriën)

• Inert packing

• Grote porositeit

• Groot contactoppervlak

• Energieverbruik laag

• Efficient

Biologische Methaan Verwijdering

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Pilot Plant onderzoek

Technische haalbaarheid nieuw type pakketmateriaal DMT-HS

- Fijner pakketmateriaal

- Meer oppervlakte per volume eenheid

- meer bacterien per volume eenheid

- hoge CH4 verwijdering per volume eenheid

- Kleinere installatie = goedkoper en makkelijker

- small-scale biogasopwaarderen Flexigas

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Pilot Plant schematisch

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Pilot Plant

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Pilot Plant - besturing

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Resultaten

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Resultaten

Literatuur: EC’s 35 mogelijk, 50% pakketmateriaal benut

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Resultaten

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Resultaten

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Resultaten

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Results

EC’s up to 35 are possible according to theory.

Pilot measured EC 20 - 25

Doubling the EC (due to 50% PM used by bacteria) will give EC’s 40 - 50.