Faculteit Letteren & Wijsbegeerte - Ghent...

Faculteit Letteren & Wijsbegeerte Academiejaar 2011-2012

Lexical neutralization A diachronic study of

lexical neutralization in English: The lexical opposition day/night

Masterproef neergelegd tot het behalen van de graad van Master in de Taal- en Letterkunde (Engels-Scandinavistiek) door Sil Decraene

Promotor

Copromotor

Prof. dr. Klaas Willems Algemene Taalwetenschap

Dr. Ludovic De Cuypere Algemene Taalwetenschap

Lexical neutralization

Sil Decraene Ghent University

Abstract

In this paper we have an empirical look at the principle of neutralization within the lexicon.

We are working with Coseriu’s version of this theory and focus especially on its aspect of

unidirectionality, as there is strong reason to believe that this aspect is to be challenged from a

diachronical point of view. A qualitative empirical study of the neutralizable lexical opposition

day/night in the Old, Middle and Early Modern historical variants of English, is made on the

basis of data of the Helsinki Corpus. In our analysis, the focus is especially on the instances of

night that display a neutral use and corresponding uses of day; yet we will also involve the

other uses of the lexeme pair to be able to paint the bigger picture. This analysis is preceded by

a theoretical discussion of Coseriu’s view on neutralization and of existent literature on issues

of unidirectionality in particular, as well as by an investigation of the semantics of day/night

and historical and cultural aspects relevant to this opposition in the periods of English that we

are studying. Our analysis shows that there are indeed instances of a neutral use of night in

the history of English; on the basis of these empirical findings we touch upon the discussion on

integration of bidirectionality in the structural-functional neutralization theory and suggest

an adapted model of neutralization, also allowing for inclusion of diachronical aspects and

special uses of day/night.



Acknowledgements

Writing this master’s thesis was quite a struggle for me and I insist on thanking the people who helped me through it, now that it is finally finished.

First of all I would like to thank my promotor prof. dr. Klaas Willems, co-promotor dr. Ludovic De Cuypere, and Maarten De Backer. I am glad that I could do my research on one of their subjects, where I felt I really had the possibility to make a useful and new contribution. I am also very grateful for all the help and guidance they provided me with in this process, as well as for the assistance and knowledge they were willing to provide me with. I would also like to thank prof. dr. Slembrouck, prof. dr. Willems, and dr. De Cuypere for the chance they provided me with to dot the i’s and cross the t’s. I sincerely hope that this paper can live up to their expectations.

I also have my mother, father and brothers Brecht and Thijs, as well as a lot of other family, friends and even acquaintances to thank for their interest, concern and encouragements/exhortations; especially as they did not always get the nicest replies. In particular I would like to thank the few of them who kept supporting me and grant me the faith and time to get it over with and really made the effort to try and understand my at times absurd ‘Don Quixote’-like “battle”. These are especially Sofie and Jorien with their never-ending understanding and support and as my major social contact suppliers in times of isolation; my grandmother Marthe, who is always there when I need a conversation about the things that really matter and has probably doubled the hole in the ozone layer by burning candles galore for me in the past time; as well as Sofie and Karel for making me an aunt-to-be, a reminder of how much joy I am and - if I were to miss another deadline - will be missing out on and the final push that I needed. Another person my thoughts go out to is my other grandmother Jeanne, who unfortunately is not able to see me graduate in the language she loved so much

Last but definitely not least, I want to thank my boyfriend Jan, who most of all is always there for me, playing the calm and steady bassline to fall back on in all of my master’s thesis madness and other moments on the verge of insanity. I look forward to the newborn “freedom” at our horizon and our unexplored future together.



Table of contents

Introduction --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 11

1 Theoretical background -------------------------------------------------------- 14

1.1 Neutralization theory ----------------------------------------------------------- 15

1.1.1 Origins of neutralization theory ------------------------------------------------- 15

1.1.2 Coseriu’s characteristic features of natural language ------------------------------- 16

1.1.2.1 Principle of systematicity ------------------------------------------------------- 16

1.1.2.2 Functionality principle --------------------------------------------------------- 17

1.1.2.3 Principle of opposition ---------------------------------------------------------- 18

1.1.2.4 Principle of neutralization ------------------------------------------------------ 20

1.2 Dealing with the challenges of a diachronic study of the lexical opposition day/night--- 28

1.2.1 History of the English language and nation ---------------------------------------- 28

1.2.1.1 Earliest origins ---------------------------------------------------------------- 29

1.2.1.2 Old English (OE) period: ca. 400 - 1066 ------------------------------------------ 29

1.2.1.3 Middle English (ME) period: 1066 – mid-15th century ------------------------------ 31

1.2.1.4 Early Modern English (EModE) period: 15th century – 18th century ------------------- 32

1.2.1.5 Concluding remarks ----------------------------------------------------------- 34

1.2.2 The lexical opposition day/night in the OED: present and past semantics -------------- 35

1.2.2.1 Meanings for night ------------------------------------------------------------ 35

1.2.2.2 Meanings for day -------------------------------------------------------------- 38

1.2.3 Origins of the peculiar neutral uses in the basic oppositional uses -------------------- 42

1.2.3.1 Counting in nights ------------------------------------------------------------- 42

1.2.3.2 Neutral day ------------------------------------------------------------------- 45

1.2.4 Concluding remarks ----------------------------------------------------------- 45

2 Methodology of the empirical analysis -------------------------------------------- 47

2.1 Helsinki Corpus --------------------------------------------------------------- 47

2.2 Search words ------------------------------------------------------------------ 48

2.3 Collecting data and picking samples ---------------------------------------------- 48

2.4 Analysing the samples ---------------------------------------------------------- 50

3 Results------------------------------------------------------------------------ 52

3.1 General image of the values of day and night -------------------------------------- 52

3.1.1 Day in Old English, Middle English and Early Modern English ----------------------- 52

3.1.2 Night in Old, Middle, and Early Modern English ----------------------------------- 53

3.2 Neutral uses of night ----------------------------------------------------------- 53

3.2.1 In Old English ----------------------------------------------------------------- 54

3.2.1.1 Clear neutral uses of night ------------------------------------------------------ 54


Ghent University Sil Decraene

3.2.1.2 Uses of night in-between neutrality and oppositionality ----------------------------- 57

3.2.2 In Middle English -------------------------------------------------------------- 59

3.2.3 In Early Modern English -------------------------------------------------------- 60

3.3 Concurrence of neutral day ----------------------------------------------------- 60

3.4 Concluding remarks ------------------------------------------------------------ 61

4 Discussion -------------------------------------------------------------------- 62

4.1 Neutralization integrated in the ‘langue’ ------------------------------------------ 62

4.2 Neutralization as a ‘parole’ phenomenon ------------------------------------------ 64

5 Conclusion -------------------------------------------------------------------- 67

References ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 69

Appendices ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 73

Lexical neutralization 11


Introduction

The concept of neutralization has made quite an interesting journey through the fields of

linguistics, but its foundations are in Trubetzkoy and Jakobson’s structuralist markedness

theory where its precursor is applied to morphonology. Neutralization as a phenomenon and

neutralization theory have quite a diverse history of adoption and adaption within especially

structural-functionalism but also within other metatheoretical paradigms, with a number of

attempts at extending the concept into other fields of linguistics; one more successful than the

other.

Coseriu was one of the researchers who did manage to form a coherent theory of

neutralization for the lexicon and grammar, with a theory of semantic neutralization that

extends and adapts the initial theory of markedness in phonology so that it can also be applied

these realms of meaningful elements. Coseriu’s principle of neutralization, has been leading to

quite a few new publications and ideas on the concept; yet, a lot of research remains to be

done on this fairly young concept of semantic inclusion in linguistics.

As much of the recent literature on Coseriu’s version of neutralization theory is rather

theoretical in nature, empirical research on it is in order to test, and support or counter some

of the hypotheses about the theory and thus lead to a fuller understanding of the phenomenon

and its place in linguistics; this is exactly how we would like to contribute to this research. By

an empirical study of the diachronic neutralization behaviour of the lexical opposition of

day/night, we hope to contribute to the theory on especially one possible point of significant

incompleteness in the theory that was brought to the attention in Willems (2005), viz.

unidirectionality in neutralization. In his discussion of neutralization theory and related

theoretical concepts, Willems notes that at a certain point in the history of German, there was

a habit of counting by nights instead of the modern way of counting by days, and that this

12 Lexical neutralization


most likely also was the case in other languages. Confirmation of this finding would mean that

an adaption in Coseriu’s theory is deemed necessary, as neutralization is considered as a strict

unidirectional issue by him, only allowing for interlinguistic variety on the meaningful unit

that can take on a neutral value, no intralinguistic variety.

For German in particular, synchronic empirical research on unidirectionality has already been

performed by De Backer (2007; 2010), who did not find evidence of a neutral use of night in

the modern language use. On the other hand, he did find evidence for this use in older stages

of the language in a short diachronic ‘excursion’; by means of a limited number of samples, he

also confirms this possibility for the older stages of English.1

We hope to add to the knowledge on lexical neutralization (and maybe also neutralization in

general) by performing a qualitative empirical study on the English lexical opposition

day/night, from a diachronical point of view. We mainly aim at investigating whether there is

indeed the possibility for night to represent the opposition’s common part of meaning. And if

so, at what time(s) in the history of the English language these uses can be situated and

whether there is a clear evolution in diachrony to be discerned. We will also have a look at

neutralization contexts and triggers for the neutral use of night and possible correlations with

text types. As far as the data allows us to do so, we will also try and place this use in the bigger

picture of the ‘behaviour’ and possible meanings of the members of the opposition.

On the basis of our results and the possible special uses of the lexemes, we will mainly via

complementation and adaptation of Coseriu and Willems’s visual representation of semantic

neutralization suggest some changes to the theory of neutralization that we deem useful or

necessary, so to make it more inclusive for the different present and past uses of day/night. We

1 More empirical research on neutralization of day/night in diachrony is currently taking place at the department of General Linguistics of the University of Ghent, both for Old-Icelandic and English, respectively by dr. Ludovic De Cuypere and Maarten De Backer.



will thus also make an attempt at extending the theory of neutralization so to include

especially diachrony and instances that display stronger idiomaticity; this is an aim formulated

by Coseriu (2001 [1976]), that is to be sought after only after explanation of the functional

units in synchrony and ‘free speech’; a goal that is already reached to a large extent by the

existent literature.

Before we turn to the empirical part of this paper, in the sections methodology, results and

discussion, we will have a theoretical look on the matter, in the section that follows this

introduction. Our focus in this study of the literature is on Coseriu’s version of neutralization,

rather than the history and different developments of it, as well as on the possible meanings of

day and night, and their embedding in sociocultural history. At the end of this paper we will

go over our most important findings throughout this paper and make suggestions for future

research on the topic of neutralization.



1 Theoretical background

Before we turn to the actual diachronic study of lexical neutralization in the opposition

day/night2, we will build a literature-based framework for it as well as discuss possible (partial)

answers and other useful information to our research questions that are to be found in the

existent literature.

First, a discussion of neutralization theory will be given, especially focusing on Coseriu’s view

on neutralization as one of the general principles of the functional study of language. This

discussion will be complemented with important remarks and other useful findings on

neutralization and related issues from other (corpus) research on our topic.

Then, we will turn to the issues that are more closely related to our specific empirical research

discussing more practical matters such as the difficulties that may arise in deciding on the

value of a member of a lexical opposition and possible solutions to them. Very important also

is that we will be analysing examples of day and night diachronically; thus part of this

literature review is dedicated to the investigation of especially historic but also present-day

semantic contents of our specific lexical opposition, as well as to a short history of the English

culture and language, and historical time reckoning to get to know the contemporary concepts

of day and night as good as possible through gathering knowledge of the contemporary

extralinguistic reality and thus the possible intralinguistic meanings.3

2 Italicized ‘day’ and ‘night’ are used in this paper to easily refer to all different forms and spellings of the lexemes that are used throughout the periods we are studying; when we focus on a specific form, spelling or period this will be elucidated by the context. 3 This concerns the difference between “Bedeutung” and “Bezeichnung”, respectively the intralinguistic meaning (within a unit’s concept and the different ‘parole’ realizations of meaning) and the reference of the “Bedeutung” which relies on knowledge of the extralinguistic reality; see Coseriu (1987) for more information.



Throughout this literature review our focus will be on lexical (or semantic) neutralization and

the specific aspects that are of importance to our empirical research and research questions,

without discussing other views on neutralization or related concepts and theories in great

detail. Especially Coseriu’s theory of neutralization, diachrony, English, the lexical opposition

day/night, and the neutralization possibilities of night will thus be central in this study of the

literature.

1.1 Neutralization theory

1.1.1 Origins of neutralization theory

Neutralization is a linguistic concept that has its origins in the first half of the twentieth

century in the morphonological works of Prague School linguists Trubetzkoy and Jakobson.

Trubetzkoy and Jakobson do not use the term neutralization, but still include the phenomenon

in their newly developed markedness theory4 that in the spirit of structuralism sees language

as a structured hierarchy of conceptual and perceptual categories (Battistella, 1990). What we

call neutralization is described by Trubetzkoy and Jakobson as the peculiar inclusive

relationship between the marked and unmarked members of minimal pairs in phonology.

Jakobson and subsequently several other structuralist linguists attempted at extending and

elaborating the concept of neutralization into other fields of linguistics’ oppositions, but did

not reach any really successful results.

From the 1960s onward more complete and coherent theories of neutralization in other fields

than phonology, such as grammar and lexicon came into being; the concept’s travel from its

origins in European structuralism through different paradigms and fields of linguistics was

paired with a number of changes in the interpretation of the phenomenon (De Backer, 2009).

4 ‘Markedness’ will be touched upon in our further discussion of neutralization theory, but for an overview of the history, developments, versions and issues of markedness theory; see Battistella (1990; 1996) and Tomić (1989).



The version of neutralization that we will be investigating is that of influential linguist Coseriu,

who has studied the phenomenon exhaustively and quite successfully translated Trubetzkoy

and Jakobson’s theory of neutralization into the fields of meaningful units, making

neutralization a central concept in his view of language.5

1.1.2 Coseriu’s characteristic features of natural language

Coseriu (1992 [1981]) discusses the neutralization principle as one of four principles of the

functional study of language; the others being the principle of opposition, that of systematicity,

and the functionality principle.6 All of these principles are essentially of course elaborations on

and additions to Ferdinand de Saussure’s structuralist description of the meaning relationship,

where a ‘signe linguistique’ or language sign that is build of a ‘signifié’ or concept and a

‘signifiant’ or language form refers to a ‘chose’ or object in the extralinguistic reality. Both the

systematicity principle and the functionality principle are more general principles, which are

touched upon as background information to our study; the principles of neutralization and

opposition are discussed more thoroughly as they are linked to our research questions more

closely.

1.1.2.1 Principle of systematicity

The systematicity principle discussed by Coseriu (1992 [1981]) is the reasonable assumption

that a form of functional economics is present in language. The hypothesis entails that by

means of only a number of features a multitude of oppositions and thus units are formed

through reuse and recombination and this throughout the different subsystems of language.

5 Our overview of the origins and developments of neutralization theory is obviously very simplified; for a thorough description of the origins of neutralization in phonology as well as subsequent early and later attempts at the extension of neutralization theory into the field of meaningful units and the diverse interpretations of neutralization in linguistics; see De Backer (2009). 6 However, the latter is only mentioned in Coseriu (2001 [1976]) and seems to have to a certain extent gone up in his other principles in Coseriu (1992 [1981]).



Nevertheless, it is by no means certain that the possibility of this principle is realised in every

language, this should be examined for every separate case. Coseriu (1992 [1981]: 211) leaves

the possibility of “leeren Fächern” or ‘empty spaces’, where a certain functional zone can be

left unoccupied, although delimited by other functional units. The example of systematicity

Coseriu (1992 [1981]) gives is the parallel difference between to look and to see and between

to hear and to listen, which leads to the conclusion that these pairs must share a same

distinctive feature.

1.1.2.2 Functionality principle

Coseriu (2001 [1976]) includes the functionality principle which is concerned with the

construction of language through its interest in the existence of fundamental linguistic units

and its foundation on the solidarity between the two levels of these units. Coseriu (2001

[1976]: 344) defines functional units according to this principle as “les unités délimitées

comme telles dans la langue même au moyen de la solidarité entre les deux plans

sémiotiques ». He explains that units both on the level of expression and on that of contents

require a counter unit on the other level for their existence. When a unit on one of the levels

shows a partial dissimilarity in form or content that is not reflected by a change in counter

unit, according to Coseriu we are dealing with differences that lead to a variant, not a separate

functional unit. There is thus some room for diversity within a functional unit under the form

of variants, reflecting different nuances of a same unit on the level of the expression or that of

the content, but a difference is only considered functional if it triggers a change in unit.

Diagram 1 below is a visualization of the concept ‘variant’ in form (F) and in concept (C), for

each illustrating one variant (F’ and C’), but it is of course possible that a unit (U) has more

than two variants on either of these levels.



Diagram 1 Visualization of Coseriu's 'variants' in form (left, e.g. gaol and jail) and concept

1.1.2.3 Principle of opposition

Ferdinand de Saussure’s description of the linguistic sign (“signe linguistique”) as a

combination of a “signifié” or a meaning, and a “signifiant” or a form7, is developed further by

Coseriu’s (1992 [1981]) principle of opposition that especially deepens the “signifié” by

regarding the sign in a wider context and less as an independent unit. Simply put, the

principle of opposition entails that functional units exist through opposition, which is found

when two units differ from each other only by a minimal distinctive element which makes

that they can operate as different units. In the lexicon, the whole of the “signifié” can thus

through opposition be analysed into a part both units have in common and a distinctive

feature. Each of the units is characterized by its relation to this feature that comes forth from

their contraposition and that is also central in neutralization.

Coseriu (2001 [1976]) explains that functional units are not restricted to a single distinctive

feature, but that they are believed to usually contain a cluster of distinctive features, as they

can be in multiple oppositions within the language system (or “langue”). This is possible as the

unit is opposed on different grounds in each of the oppositions; in phonology for example, /t/

is at the same time opposed to /d/ and to /k/, leading to distinctive features respectively

concerning its voicing and its place of articulation, which are both present in the functional

unit /t/. Furthermore, Coseriu emphasizes that functional units are not made up out of pre-

existing distinctive features, but that these features are the differences that become apparent

7 For more information on de Saussure’s language theory and “signe linguistique”; see (Saussure, 1973)



through juxtaposition of our intuitions about the functional units. Coseriu (1992 [1981]) also

points out that, although they might be semantically important, not all characteristics of a unit

are included in its functional description but only those that can effectuate a functional

difference, i.e. the distinctive features. Characteristics that are excluded are those that identify

variants of a certain unit, and the number of constant, non-oppositional, and thus from a

functional point of view inessential features that a unit can reveal in at least some of its

realisations. Nevertheless, these features do have a type of auxiliary function that Coseriu

(1992 [1981]) calls “redundancy”; changing the features’ status may not generate functional

differences, but they do add to or strengthen the distinctive feature(s) and can generate

meaning variants. It can often prove difficult to determine whether a certain feature is

distinctive or superfluous to a functional unit. The English phonological opposition /p/-/b/ can

be used to exemplify this redundancy; with voicing as the distinctive feature for the opposition,

plosion as a constant feature for both, and aspiration as a redundant (and hence also phonetic)

feature that typically accompanies /p/ and is absent in /b/. When no aspiration is added to /p/

this does not lead to a difference in status or a different functional opposition, yet its presence

does aid the distinction from /b/, decreasing the possibility of confusion between the two

sounds, and is deemed to be an important aspect of the sound (Collins and Mees, 2008).

Typically, the concept-form duality of the functional unit is a one-to-one relationship, where

change on one level also implies change on the other; thus resulting in a new functional unit

that is in a different opposition. Coseriu (1992 [1981]; 2001 [1976]) does acknowledge two

partial exceptions to this bilaterality principle and thus also to the oppositionality principle,

viz. homophones and synonyms, where a dissimilarity on one of the levels does not lead a

completely new functional unit. In the former a same form is used for two different concepts,

while in the latter different forms are used for the same concept; so a difference on the

semantic level is not carried through to the morphologic level and vice versa. Homophones are

thus in two separate functional oppositions with a single form; synonyms are connected



through their shared concept, which places them in opposition with one and the same other

unit. A logical consequence is that with homophones we are dealing with two distinctive

features, while with synonyms we find only one distinctive feature in the equation to which

the two overlapping functional units have a same relation. Thus, on the basis of the

oppositions they are in, homophones should according to the principle of opposition be

considered as different functional units from each other, while synonyms should be

considered one and the same functional unit, but this would of course be an incorrect

representation of their peculiar nature, and indeed asks for the exception Coseriu made.

Diagram 2 and 3 below illustrate these two exceptions.

Diagram 2 Visualization of Coseriu's

'homophones'

Diagram 3 Visualization of Coseriu's

'synonyms'

1.1.2.4 Principle of neutralization

Coseriu’s principle of neutralization8, then, is of course the primary focus of our study.

Coseriu (1992 [1981]) explains this principle as a limitation, since neutralization entails that

there are some specific functional oppositions of a language that are not operative in a

number of contexts or situations; in some occurrences of the functional units the opposition

they are in is or can be suspended or ‘neutralized’. This type of functional opposition that

8 Neutralization is freely used for semantic neutralization, that contains both grammatical and lexical neutralization, as well as for the latter which is central to this paper.



allows for neutralization to take place in certain cases is called a neutralizable opposition.9

Below is a discussion of Coseriu’s principle of neutralization and remarks to it from other

literature, organized around central elements of the theory and of our study.

Members of the neutralizable opposition: intensive and extensive term

According to Coseriu (1992 [1981]), just as in any other privative opposition which

essentially revolves around the presence or absence of a certain distinctive feature, there is an

unmarked and a marked term present within a neutralizable opposition, which are

respectively also called the extensive and intensive term of the opposition. The intensive or

marked term is the functional unit that is marked for the distinctive feature; this feature is

present in the lexeme’s semantics. This term is also called the positive member of the

opposition, on the basis of its relationship to the opposition. The extensive or unmarked term is

not marked for the distinctive feature, but whereas in a regular privative opposition this

means the distinctive feature is absent in the lexeme’s meaning, the situation with a

neutralizable opposition is more complicated. The extensive term holds two possible

interpretations; the lexeme can either be used to express a meaning where the distinctive

feature is absent or to express the part of the functional semantic zone that the two opposed

units’ have in common. In the latter case, the distinctive feature is excluded from or ignored in

the lexeme’s semantic scope rather than being either absent or present in it and thus is able to

have a meaning that represents the two opposite terms at the same time, combined as a whole.

The extensive term thus has two possible realizations for its single lexeme, either oppositional

and negatively marked for the distinctive feature; or non-oppositional, being indifferent or

‘neutral’ with respect to the distinctive feature, a use which Coseriu (1992 [1981]: 215) also

allocates the mark “null”.

9 Coseriu (2001 [1976]) makes the important remark that many lexical oppositions are not neutralizable, due to the existence of archilexemes, which are specific, separate lexemes that fulfill the neutral role with respect to an opposition.



Jakobson’s “Gesamtbedeutung” or “general meaning” with “non-signalization of A”, and

“Grundbedeutung” or “basic meaning” with “signalization of non-A” (Waugh, 1976: 94) are

also useful in delineating the respective neutral and negative sense of the extensive term,

although he uses them in a slightly different relationship to the opposition.

Realized in the ‘parole’, enabled through “Werte” in the ‘langue’

As an additional attempt at clarification of the rather complicated semantics and relationships

within a neutralizable lexical opposition, Coseriu (1992 [1981]: 218) advances the

“sprachlichen Wert”10 or ‘linguistic value’. This value creates the possibility to suspend the

opposition, by presence of the different meanings in the language system; the realization of

this possibility is a matter of the parole or language use, dependent on contexts and/or

situations.

The intensive term has a single, oppositional, value and the extensive term has two values,

allowing for a typically broader use of the unmarked term as both oppositional and neutral

with respect to the distinctive feature. Coseriu allocates a value ‘A’ to the intensive or

positively marked term and a value ‘not-A’ to the negative interpretation of the extensive term.

The neutral interpretation of the extensive term, then, encloses both of these oppositional

senses at the same time and thus gets allocated a value ‘A + not-A’ by Coseriu.

Peculiar logic of language: neutral value

The value ‘A + not-A’ that Coseriu allocates with the neutral sense of the extensive term leads

both in Coseriu (1992 [1981]) and Willems (2005) to the observation that language has a

10 Coseriu does not elaborate much further on this idea of ‘values’ and how to marry it with structural-functional linguistic theory; yet, Van der Gucht (2005) has devoted more research on the possibilities of joining these two meanings within a single functional unit and proposes a third exception, ‘duosemy’ to the oppositionality principle. An investigation of the exact nature of the combination of the neutral and oppositional value within the extensive term would lead us too far, but we will touch upon this issue again in the discussion of our results. Willems (2005) also discusses neutralization in this light of the polysemy-monosemy-issue.



logic which is different from the logic of science. The description of the neutral value as ‘A +

not-A’ goes in against the law of contradiction in science logic, as it allows something, in this

case a lexeme to be itself and its opposite at the same time. The logic of language thus appears

to allow for a breach with this law by means of the phenomenon of neutralization.

We would like to challenge this claim about a difference in logic between language and

science, and believe that this statement needs to be weakened and the description of the value

altered. Although we often do describe the semantics of the neutral term as the combination of

the two oppositional terms, such a description contradicts the basic definition of neutralization.

The opposition between the opposed units is indeed suspended and absent in the neutral value

of the extensive term, so the difference between value ‘A’ and value ‘not-A’ does no longer

matter when the extensive term is used in its neutral sense. Willems (2005: 396) pursuantly

describes neutralization as a phenomenon in which “nur diejenigen unterscheidenden Züge

relevant [bleiben], die dem positiven und dem negativen Terminus des Oppositionspaares

gemeinsam sind”; the extensive term then represents the “Archisemem (2005: 379)”.

Thus, it is rather inconsistent to define the neutral value in terms of this actual opposition as ‘A

+ not-A’, or in our case to define neutral day as ‘night + oppositional day’, ‘night + not-night’,

or as ‘no sunlight + not-no sunlight’ if we fill in ‘A’ with the distinctive feature that is essential

to the functional opposition. Although, these indeed render our completion of the neutral

concept accurately, within the ‘langue’ a description that is in line with the suspension of the

opposition is in order for the neutral sense of the extensive term. Descriptions in line with

Jakobson’s for his “Gesamtbedeutung” (Waugh, 1976: 94) are more accurate, viz. ‘zero-A’, ‘0

A’, or ‘ø A’.

Visual representation of neutralization

Coseriu (1992 [1981]) also clarifies the neutralizable functional opposition by visualizing it as

in diagram 4, below. In this diagram we indeed clearly see the relationship between the



members of the opposition. Both members of the opposition are situated in their own space

within the larger box representing the functional zone, to which they are constrained by other

functional oppositions in the language system. As the intensive or marked member of the

opposition explicitly has the distinctive feature present in its meaning, it is clearly fixed to only

a specific part of the functional zone and thus has a smaller scope than the extensive member

of the opposition. This extensive member indeed leaves open a broader semantic scope which

is illustrated by the permeable boundary around value ‘not-A’, easily allowing for the

extensive member to either express its semantically more restricted, oppositional value or

stretch to its wider neutral value. In Coseriu’s diagram, this neutral value’s function as a

common ground for the two lexemes in their oppositional values and its enclosing of the two

is visually evident.

Diagram 4 Visualization of neutralization (Coseriu, 1992 [1981]: 218)

This visualization is completed in diagram 5 by Willems (2005) for (the German version of)

our lexical opposition day/night; taking the distinctive feature as the contents for the value,

which Coseriu did not elaborate on. Willems explicitly shows in his visualization that the

distinctive feature is of no importance in the neutral sense, as he only shows distinctive

features of the meaning shared by the members of the opposition in the neutral zone.

Diagram 5 Visualization of semantic neutralization for Tag/Nacht (Willems, 2005: 396)

+ [Zeitraum] + [in Bezug auf 24 Stunden]

Nacht + [kein Sonnenlicht]

Tag - [kein Sonnenlicht]

A not-A



Both of these diagrams make an accurate representation of the relationships between the

different senses of the members of the lexical opposition and can also be used for neutralizable

oppositions in phonology and grammar.

Neutralization contexts and difficulties in value decision

Coseriu (1992 [1981]: 219) indicates that there does not seem to be any order in the diversity

of uses of the extensive term, one time it is realized in its oppositional value, the other time in

its neutral value. Coseriu calls this “Ungenauigkeit” or vagueness, a term that reappears in

later discussions of neutralization as well. For contexts and situations in which neutralization

takes place, Coseriu (1992 [1981]: 224; 2001 [1976]: 348) gives three possible scenarios as to

the reason for use of the neutral value; viz.:

1. specification is superfluous because it is already present in the context or situation in another way and would be redundant;

2. specification is unwanted, impossible, or unnecessary;

3. the intended meaning corresponds to the general or neutral value.

Willems (2005) points out some difficulty that may arise in analysing semantic neutralization,

in that phrasal and lexical neutralization contexts are much more difficult to determine than

morphonological ones, as they are respectively open and closed inventories. Also, they are of a

different nature, the former being potential neutralization contexts leaving ‘freedom’ to the

language user, while in the latter neutralization is obligatory; when a morphonological

unmarked unit is not used oppositionally it is always neutral (Waugh, 1982). Since

neutralization is the ‘parole’ realization of a ‘langue’ possibility, this ‘freedom’ of the language

user indeed brings about a difficulty we might experience in analysing our samples, leaving us

with some uses that are hard to strictly assign to a single value. We will come back to the

different ways of treating this group of samples for our lexical opposition day/night later in

this chapter, as these are of course very important for our research.



‘Ambiguity’ is also named by Waugh (1976: 95) as difficulty concerning value decision, which

is similar to the issue Willems discusses; it is linked both to the dual and the generic nature of

the extensive term, as well as to the ‘freedom’ that originates in the nature of neutralization as

a ‘parole’-phenomenon. She ascribes ambiguous meanings in semantic neutralization to the

potential “vagueness” that is built into the notion of the “Gesamtbedeutung”, our neutral value;

and continues by saying that most of the situations where the value that is used for the

unmarked term are, however, ambiguous only at first glance and often really the product of

the generic character or vagueness of linguistic meaning and the lack of markings.

There is clearly not much information on neutralization contexts yet in the existent literature,

which is mainly theoretical in nature. Although, De Backer (2010) has performed some much

needed empirical research on neutralization in the lexical opposition Tag/Nacht, especially

synchronic; and is able to draw conclusions regarding the neutralization contexts for Tag.

Synchronic in German Tag/Nacht, neutral uses appear to be very common in contexts that

express duration, temporal distance, time span, and frequency.

Unidirectionality

To Coseriu (1992 [1981]) neutralization is a unidirectional phenomenon as he states that it

entails the use of the extensive term for the neutral value, which consists of the whole

common functional zone of an opposition. He also makes it very explicit that therefore the

other, marked term cannot appear in the case of neutralization, as it is only a part of the

functional zone and is always oppositional.11 Also precursor Jakobson’s markedness theory

does not leave open a possibility for the marked term to represent the neutral value, as marked

means “the necessary presence of the information given by the feature in all contexts, in all the

11 Note though that Coseriu (1992 [1981]) does acknowledge the possibility of a ‘stylistic’ use of the intensive term, where it does take the extensive term’s place in an expression, but does keep its marked value.



uses of the particular item. In other words, the item invariantly carries whatever unit of

information is given by the feature (Waugh, 1976: 92)”.12

This unidirectionality is also strongly affirmed by Willems (2005), stating that it always is just

one form that is able to realize the neutral term. Though, contrary to Coseriu, Willems does

leave open a possibility in diachrony, and refers to the ‘Deutsches Wörterbuch’ (1854-1960)

which indicates that there has been a neutral use of Nacht in an older stage of German for

counting durations. Willems believes that “auch eine Konkurrenz der beiden

Neutralisierungsrichtungen gegeben haben muss, die vermutlich mit unterscheidlichen

Textsorten und Registern zusammenhing (2005: 425)”.

The hypothesis of a possible neutral use of the marked term in older language stages is

confirmed by De Backer’s (2010: 557) results for the German lexical opposition Tag/Nacht. He

finds several examples of this use in Old Saxon, Old High German, and Middle High German;

and concludes that this type of neutralization that goes in against the principle of

unidirectionality is very common in three types of contexts. These contexts are “expressing a

duration”, contexts “referring to a time span of 24 hours (during which something happens)”,

and contexts “in which a temporal distance is indicated”. Interestingly enough, he also found

contemporary examples of neutral Tag, which confirms that the opposition did allow for

bidirectional neutralization; De Backer did not analyse the neutralization contexts for Tag,

though, so no comparison of those is possible. De Backer’s research also proves that in

present-day German Nacht no such neutral use is to be found.

12 Battistella (1990: 67) does seem to find more room within the markedness theory, as he states that “different systems may impose different evaluations on concepts and categories, markedness values may vary cross-linguistically and they may change over time” and also that markedness values may be contextually reversed within a language, since contex can determine evaluation. Temporary or partial markedness reversal can be an explanation for the use of the intensive term for the neutral value.



1.2 Dealing with the challenges of a diachronic study of the lexical opposition day/night

As we mentioned before, there are quite a few cases where it is often fairly difficult to decide

on what sense of the lexeme was intended in a certain text or expression. This decision

whether we are dealing with an oppositional or a neutral use of a lexeme is complicated even

more in our analysis as we miss some important aspects. Ideally, we would base our decision

on the combination of the semantic context, knowledge of the extralinguistic reality, and on

the intended meaning by the language user. Unfortunately, as we are working in diachrony,

we are not only unable to consult the authors of the texts in our corpus, but also because there

are no native speakers left of the older stages of English that we are studying, so no direct

contact with the views of the time is possible.

These gaps in our knowledge are compensated as much as possible before we turn to the

actual analysis by relying on literature as an indirect source for a better insight into the origin

of the neutralizable lexical opposition day/night, as well as into the contemporary views on

this opposition, and the concepts of time and time reckoning more general throughout the

period we are studying. In the following discussion we are especially looking out for instances

of evolution or divergence in the concepts and relationship between our lexemes, which are

very reasonable possibilities, considering the changing nature of language, the long period of

time concerned, and the many different influences on the English language and culture. A

short history of this English culture and language is here also included as it forms an

indispensable background for the understanding of the views on and peculiar uses of

day/night, as well as for the possible diachronic developments of the lexical opposition.

1.2.1 History of the English language and nation

The English culture and language are notorious for their great variety of influences, which

quite likely might have had an influence on the concepts of day and night, but which also



makes that the language stages we are studying are very different from each other on several

levels. O’Driscoll (2009) provides us with a good overview of the history of England and

accompanying social, political, cultural and – to a lesser extent – linguistic developments,

while Crystal (2006) is our source for the language and corpus particular issues. While both

O’Driscoll and Crystal give a concise yet complete view on the origins and evolution of the

culture and language of the British Isles, we will mainly be confining our discussion to the

older language stages which we are studying and the aspects of their times that are or can be

of influence for the concepts and visions on the lexical opposition day/night.

1.2.1.1 Earliest origins

O’Driscoll (2009) teaches us that the prehistoric origins of the culture and language lie in the

arrival of the Celtic people, who from the 8th century BC onwards joined the peoples already

present on the British Isles. From the year 43 AD to the year 410, then, a large part of Britain,

now Wales and England, went through a Roman period as the province of Britannia. During

this period the Romans instituted their habits and language mainly in the towns via the Celtic

people, the Celtic influence stayed stronger in the culture and language of the countryside

(O'Driscoll, 2009).

1.2.1.2 Old English (OE) period: ca. 400 - 1066

The English used at the beginning of the Anglo-Saxon period shows very little influence of the

cultural contact with the Celts and the Roman occupation that came before. For the Celts this

is probably because of the brutal repression they experienced, leaving some Celts in the

conquered area whose identity with time gradually disappeared in the Anglo-Saxon society.

The Roman occupation that followed had only a little more influence on the earliest English,

for example leaving a few Latin terms for new concepts. Later within this Old English period

and the further history of the language, there are a number of instances where Latin did exert

a much stronger linguistic influence on English (Crystal, 2006).



From the year 410 onwards, the British Isles were invaded by Germanic tribes, which left their

traces in the English language and culture in a much more substantial manner. These settling

tribes came from the north-western European continent and arrived in two stages. The pagan

Angles and Saxons (or ‘Anglo-Saxons’) came first and were predominant in (especially the

countryside of) nearly all of England and parts of southern Scotland within two centuries, by

Saxonizing the Celtic Britons or driving them westwards. During the 6th and 7th centuries,

however, Christianity spread throughout Britain, eventually taking over all of the British Isles.

A second group of Germanic invaders came from Scandinavia in the 8th century and are

known under different names, viz. Vikings, Norsemen or Danes; they conquered regions in

Scotland and Ireland in the 9th century but were halted by the Saxon King Alfred the

‘Danelaw’-agreement they made. The Anglo-Saxons and the Danes, who also converted to the

Christian religion, had great cultural and linguistic similarity which allowed for England to be

a kingdom with a common Germanic culture by the end of the 10th century (O'Driscoll, 2009).

From Crystal (2006) we learn that the Old English corpus that we have left is very small, there

are only some scattered inscriptions of the Anglo-Saxons and the literary age did not start

before the arrival of Augustine and his Roman missionaries at the end of the 6th century. Their

installation of Catholicism and the associated rise of monastic centres explain the large

percentage of Latin religious texts, which in their turn instigated the writing of Old English

texts, earlier than elsewhere in northern Europe. It is very plausible that a large part of the

manuscripts were burned during the invasion of the Danes.

Old English is as a language very different from the language we use today in all of its aspects,

but especially striking upon a first encounter with it are the extensively developed case system

and use of a few extra letters of which most of them find their origins in the runic alphabet

(Crystal, 2006).



1.2.1.3 Middle English (ME) period: 1066 – mid-15th century

The Norman invasion of England in 1066 was another important milestone for influence on

the English culture and language, the year of this invasion is for convenience also considered

the boundary between the Old English and the Middle English language period, although the

process of language change is of course a lot more gradual and the Norman influence became

apparent in the language only later (Crystal, 2006). The Norman Conquest happened at a

smaller scale than the previous ones, through a feudal system and especially in the upper

classes of society. This invasion connected Britain with the western European culture, however

the older links with Scandinavia did persist until the 13th and 15th century in specific parts of

Scotland. Scotland also managed to stay politically independent from the Anglo-Norman

kingdom in the medieval period, while Wales and a large part of eastern Ireland were not able

to escape from the extending monarchy (O'Driscoll, 2009).

O’Driscoll (2009) also makes an interesting remark about the language being used on the

British Isles; contrary to what might be expected, 250 years after the Norman invasion the

Germanic Middle English language is dominant in all classes and not the Norman’s French,

which was initially implemented as the language of the higher levels of society, after the

conquest. This evolution was advanced by the Hundred Years War (1337-1453) between

England and France, empowering English nationalism and further attenuating the status of

French.

Crystal (2006) indicates that the Middle English corpus that survived is a lot larger than that

of Old English and that it also includes a wider range of text types. As a language stage,

though, Middle English is much less distinctly defined than Old or Modern English. This

variety of English does not only chronologically fulfil an intermediate position between the

two other varieties, but also in several linguistic aspects appears as more of a transitional

variant between two clear variants. The Middle English manuscripts display a great linguistic



variety, reflecting the overlap between the decay of Anglo-Saxon influences and rise of both

Norman and Latin influential literacy. This indefiniteness only makes way at the end of the

Middle English period with Chaucer’s work, which is generally connected closer to the

Modern English than to the Middle English period.

An important grammatical evolution in the Middle English period is the decay of the Old

English system of inflection and its replacement by word order as an indicator of grammatical

relationships, as we know in Modern English. Very remarkable is also the vast diversity in

Middle English spelling, which Crystal (2006: 40) allocates to “[t]he sociolinguistic impact of

the French invasion, the continuation of the processes of sound change which began in Anglo-

Saxon times, and the considerable growth and movement in population during the medieval

period, especially in the south-east of he country”.

The rise of a standard at the transition between the Middle English and Early Modern English

period, made for a substantial decrease of all variation in written English. The main – but not

only - agents in the advancement of a written standard were the office of the London

Chancery scribes and William Caxton and his printing press. The former’s vast output of texts

and prestigious ‘Chancery Standard’, which was based on London and Central Midland

dialects, and the latter’s choice for local London speech as his norm and invention that

allowed for texts to be reprinted and the norm to be spread very easily formed the foundations

for a precursor of Standard English. As a consequence of the easier and thus larger production

of texts, the corpus of preserved texts originating after this printing revolution is also

considerably larger (Crystal, 2006).

1.2.1.4 Early Modern English (EModE) period: 15th century – 18th century

According to Crystal (2006), there is no consensus about the exact time the Early Modern

English period began, but the work of Chaucer, the beginning of the Great Vowel Shift, and

Caxton’s printing press are pivotal in the transition from Middle English; depending on the



allocated importance to each of these events, Early Modern English is considered to begin

respectively earlier or later in the 15th century. This intermediary stage between Middle

English and its ‘Chancery Standard’ and Modern English’s ‘Standard English’ is important to

segregate in the evolution of English as still many changes occur in the language and we are

dealing with a language that is considerably different from Modern English.

In the light of our study, of the overall history in this period, we especially need to mention the

great 18th century cultural change of the Industrial Revolution with its many technical

innovations, which was strengthened by the gradual expansion of the empire of Britain and

the accompanying rise in trade. At this time, London became the dominant centre for business

and trading in southern England.

Previous to this, in the 16th and 17th century English patriotism was encouraged as England

grew closer to the centre of western civilization through European world exploration and as

the power of the monarch increased, partly due to the rise of Protestantism. Also the

unification of the English and Scottish crown under King James I made for a stronger nation,

replacing Scotland’s own Middle English language, ‘Scots’ by English (O'Driscoll, 2009).

The unifying aspect of the growing patriotism is also to be found in the language

developments of the Early Modern English period. Its language is on the one hand

characterized by a still considerable amount of change and variety, as for example through

the many loanwords with very diverse origins for new concepts introduced in the flood of

Renaissance scholarly texts; and on the other hand by strong reactions against these and a

number of initiatives that wanted to stimulate or (unintentionally) stimulated standardization,

respectively for example of language purists; spelling guides and Swift’s ‘A Proposal for

Correcting, Improving and Ascertaining the English tongue’; and the King James Bible and

Shakespeare’s works. It is also a period where the increasing knowledge about language

development was accompanied by scholarly discussions of the English language itself.



Throughout the period, the inconsistency and lack of uniformity continued to decrease, while

the signs of and climate for standardization further grew. The first dictionaries (including

Samuel Johnson’s) that were published in the 18th century registered and so also protected the

language, were the last and very effective measure of written language regulation. In the

language that is used at the end of the Early Modern English period and in the subsequent

Modern English period we find that there are very few linguistic differences left from the

English we use today (Crystal, 2006).

1.2.1.5 Concluding remarks

This short survey of the different older periods of English has taught us that the language has

always been in a history full of strong changes, reflected in the very distinct stages of the

language, both from each other as from present-day English. Many aspects of the societies and

of the languages used in those periods are often amalgams of the many previous and

contemporary influences. In the English history we find these smaller and larger, temporary or

permanent direct influences from different peoples, viz. Celts, Romans, Germanic peoples and

Normans.

It is quite reasonable to presume that at least at some time these peoples’ ideology, habits,

language (family), and also religion have had their influence on the very common concepts of

day and night, and their peculiar relationship which we are studying. In the light of language

change in general too, it is much more likely to assume that these two lexemes underwent

change in their contents and use rather than remaining static in an ‘environment’ filled with

change. Therefore, in the following section we look into the neutral uses of day and night, both

of these proven to be present in (stages of) the English language and culture, and/or present in

other languages and cultures and possibly or likely via those also in the English culture and

thus language. These views are often related to the contemporary concepts of time and time



reckoning, which will thus also have to be involved in this discussion, albeit not too often and

without going into too much detail.

As indicated before, this discussion should allow us to get to information we are no longer able

to get from native speakers, and thus provide us with greater insights in and a more complete

picture of the diachronic behaviour of our lexical opposition, as well as with a basis for a more

solid analysis of our samples.

1.2.2 The lexical opposition day/night in the OED: present and past semantics

Our starting point for semantic knowledge on our search words day and night is the Oxford

English Dictionary (OED) (1989). Giving a quotation-based and dated overview of present-

day as well as historic and even obsolete senses and also diachronically addressing

combinations and compounds with the particular noun, this historical dictionary discusses

both nouns in a concise, yet accurate and complete way. The OED groups different senses of

words under ‘branches’, according to their focus or semantic core. These ‘branches’ are given

in the (historical) order in which they appeared in the language and thus were developed; and

so are the senses under each separate ‘branch’ (OED (1989)). Below is a simplified overview of

the different meanings allocated to night and day by the OED.

1.2.2.1 Meanings for night

In the OED (1989) we find just two separate branches of meaning for the noun night, both of

which’s uses originate in the Old English period.

Oppositional

“The period of darkness after day”

The first branch collects a number of ‘purely’ oppositional senses, i.e. senses that are strongly

related to the core definition of oppositional night, under the heading “the period of darkness



after day”. By this core definition, we mean the definition directly based on ‘absence of

sunlight’ as a distinctive feature, as is illustrated by Willems’ (2005) version of Coseriu’s

visualization of the semantic structure, completed for the lexeme pair day/night. We see the

uses of night grouped under this branch as more ‘pure’ as they have a more direct link to the

basis that is used for comparison as well as a closer link to the natural features of the

phenomenon. The OED describes night for this branch as the part of a 24-hour day or the

period between two days where there is no sunlight and thus darkness; another description

emphasizes night’s position within the greater whole placing it in-between ‘evening’ and

‘morning’. Three other senses under this first branch, of which the OED has quotations that

date back to the earliest times of the English language, are all metonymical uses of the word.

There is the literary use of night to represent its darkness, the use of night for a condition or

period of figurative darkness, such as death or mental, spiritual, or moral darkness, and also

the totum pro parte use of night for its beginning, viz. nightfall.

“A period, interval, or unit of time”

Under the general paraphrase that describes night “as a period, interval, or unit of time”; we

find the senses that are a little further away from the prototypical oppositional night but that

can still be seen as expressing the noun oppositionally. With all of these senses night is

characterised as more of a ‘man-made’ division of time and by human activity rather than by

its physical qualities. A first sense the OED (1989) gives under this branch defines night as

“any of the intervals of darkness between consecutive days, esp. when spent asleep”, so the

precise beginning and end of this sense of night is of less importance than the activity (or here

rather inactivity) that takes place.

A for us very interesting usage of this sense, mentioned by the OED is the use of night for

measuring duration or lapse of time, according to the dictionary, it then appears in

combination with a numeral, the quantifier many, or similar words. For this usage the OED

mentions that the unmarked plural of night was used in Old English as well as often in Middle



English, and it has quotations that go back to the Early Old English period. This type of

construction with night appears both on its own and coordinated with a similar construction

with day, e.g. three nights and four days. The OED explains that by these expressions a

continuous period of time is denoted that encompasses the number of nights, or the number of

nights and days named. Also quite important here is the exact formulation of this special use

of night, which indicates that the OED does not consider night to manifest a neutral value in

this type of context, including both oppositional terms in its meaning. The focus is instead on

the continuous period of time alluded at by the expression; the OED talks about a period

“containing” a certain number of nights, rather than a number of nights denoting a period of

time consisting of the same number of days and nights. The OED thus very much so seem to

determine the value of night in these types of expressions as oppositional, but we will return to

this question and other views on it, below.

Also very common is the use of night in lieu of evening, again a type of metonymical totum

pro parte, where the noun with a broader meaning is applied for a concept that is considered

to be only a part of it, here the earlier part of the night; a time lasting from late afternoon to

bedtime, which is of course a fairly variable point in time, thus forming only loose boundaries

around the interval of darkness concerned. All remaining senses under this second branch of

meaning are closely related to each other and also display this indeterminacy; the peculiarities

of these remaining senses are often expressed by modifiers. Examples of two types of

expressions that are of older origin are wedding night and summer night; the former

exemplifying the use of night for a special event or point in time, the latter for a period of time.

The other, younger senses, with earliest OED quotations from around the year 1450 and later,

portray night more and more as a time for a scale of social and leisure activities, performances,

and celebrations, but also often as a period in which to obtain rest. Depending on the

modifying words, stress can be shifted to the experience, the person engaging in the activities,

or the type of activity, examples being a relaxing night, my/Peter’s night, and quiz night.



1.2.2.2 Meanings for day

For day, the OED (1989) lists four branches, of which the earliest two, with quotations as early

as around the years 1000 and 950 are the clear focus of this study, viz. day as “the time of

sunlight” and day “as a period, natural division, or unit”, respectively an oppositional and a

neutral sense. The other two branches describe day as “a specified or appointed day” and as “a

space of time, a period” and are both senses which most likely are further developments of the

original neutral sense.

Oppositional: “The time of sunlight”

The oppositional sense of day is in the OED (1989) defined both looser as the whole time there

is light between successive nights, and more restricted when it is limited to when the sun is

above the horizon in that period, what astronomers call the artificial day. When it comes to

constructions related to this sense, the dictionary mentions day and night, all (the) day and this

day as expressions of duration. Given as expressions for a point in time without respect to

duration are OE on dæg; eME on dai, uppon dai, o day and a-day; and the younger bi daʒes

and bi daie – clearly evolving towards ModE by day. Finally, there are also collocations with

dæges such as dæges and nihtes, and e.g. far days and far forth days meaning far on in the

day.

As we saw with the coordinating branch of night, here too the OED lists senses which clearly

have their origin in the ‘pure’ oppositional sense of the word, but evolved away from it. We

find four senses of this type, viz. before day or at day for dawn; day for daylight both literally

as figuratively speaking; the now obsolete day for a certain part of a mullioned window; and

day for the ground surface over a mine. With the first two senses, we can see the word day

being used metonymically to represent an important part or characteristic of its oppositional

meaning; day stands as a totum pro parte for the moment of sunrise, the typical daylight, and

the figurative daylight or clarity in a question. For the last two, younger senses, we could see



the oppositional day being used on the basis of analogy with the objects the lexeme is used for,

apparently on the basis of the (enabled) presence of daylight, a common key characteristic.

Neutral

“A period, natural division, or unit”

The second OED (1989) branch defining day “as a period, natural division, or unit of time”

groups the clearly neutral definitions of the word, notwithstanding the very similar wording

of the definition to the second, oppositional, branch of night. The emphasis in the definition of

the first sense of the neutral day is on the scientific aspect, defining it as the time needed for

the earth to completely revolve around its axis once and as a space of twenty-four hours

which is counted from either a definite or any other given point. The modern prepositions

during and in, and their antecedents on, o and a are named as elements that often combine

with this sense of the noun.13 The OED mentions as situations where this sense is used two

obsolete ones, viz. all days for our always and a day’s travel for a day’s journey; and two that

are still current, viz. of a day for ephemeral phenomena and the colloquial use in

constructions like to have a day to indicate that there is reason to remember the day and its

events. Noteworthy here is that the events taking place or the length of the day here appear to

be of more importance than the status of the distinctive feature ‘absence of sunlight’.

A second sense under this branch is used when the focus is on the neutral day expressing a

point or unit of time when something happens or is planned to take place. In the OED we find

the modern on and upon, and the ME o and a- as typical preceding elements in constructions

with this sense of day. Other common constructions with this sense of the noun are according

to the OED one day, some day, one/some of these days, and one of those days.

13 Note that these are the same prepositions as were mentioned to appear with oppositional day. The use of these prepositions in the cotext of day will here thus definitely not suffice as a basis for a final decision on the value of day.



“A specified or appointed day” and “A space of time, a period”

And then there are two more branches which we prefer to classify under the neutral sense of

the noun as well, as the senses listed under their headings do seem to originate in the neutral

interpretation or at least exhibit a closer relation to the neutral than to the oppositional day, as

the distinctive feature ‘absence of daylight’ is of no importance in their meaning.

The first of these two branches, defining day as “a specified or appointed day” continues along

the path of the last aforementioned sense, taking delineation of its meaning by the events that

take place within the period of time rather than by the more physical properties of the

phenomenon a step further. Attributive elements or the broader context are especially

determining for day in the sense where the noun stands for a certain twenty-four hour period

which is entirely or partly devoted to a specific goal, occasion, or anniversary of an event;

examples being Ascension Day, holy day, and birth-day. Another variation on this theme is

found in expressions like to keep his day or to visit on her day, where day is then a fixed day

in the week or an agreed or appointed date for events such as payment or receptions.

Especially related to battle or contest, the expression The Day and phrases like to

carry/get/win/lose the day have a similar meaning, where the oppositional aspect of day is

neutralized and the focus is on the action taking place. A very interesting sense of day is

discussed under this branch as “[t]hat period of the day allotted by usage or law for work”

(1989) and exemplified by eight-hour day and working(-)day. The quotations in the OED are

dated between 1832 and 1891; this is thus a very recent use. There is also a noticeable

uncertainty (or indifference) in the OED about the exact value of this use; it is placed under a

clearly neutral branch of meaning, but its description as a “period of the day” does give away a

deviation from the encompassing, neutral sense of day.14

14 Bearing in mind the contemporary developments in history with industrialization and standardization of time, investigation of this use of day, which seems to be somewhere in-between the neutral and oppositional



The final branch of senses the OED provides us with what defines day as “a space of time, a

period” and it indeed groups senses that are again further removed from the ‘pure’ neutral

sense of the noun; nevertheless its origin quite obviously is to be situated in that neutral use.

The link to the neutral sense is clearer in earlier examples of this use of day, such as

expressions like in the days of, in those days, and better days where we typically find day in

the plural and which allow for a fairly literal interpretation, seeing the intended meaning of a

period wherein anything exists or takes place as the accumulation of the separate days within

it. When the singular day is used in this sense, the OED indicates that the utterances are more

figurative; the content of day is closer to the more abstract notion time than to the neutral day.

Examples of this use, which we are tempted to analyse as an evolution into a metonymical

concretum pro abstracto are at the present day, at/to this/that day, and in this day and age.

When the day is used to indicate the present moment, as for example in the expression the

order of the day, a more figurative interpretation is again in order. When accompanied by a

personal pronoun both the singular and plural day can also be used in a similar sense, then

signifying the period of a person’s rule, activity, career, life or time of importance. With a

year’s day and to give day we get instances of two now obsolete uses of day for a span of time

provided to fulfil a payment especially; a delay granted.

Within these two last branches, we sense a gradual evolution away from a strictly neutral day

as a combination of the two oppositional values, over a meaning we could rather describe as a

date or a moment in time, towards the meanings gathered under the very last branch, which

are to be paraphrased as a span or a period of time. Although the OED places these two

branches distinct from its straightforward neutral branch of meaning for day, we do prefer

interpretation and based on a slightly different distinction from night, might be very interesting. This would lead us too far from the goal of our research, though, also considering the dates of occurrence.



their discussion under the heading ‘neutral’ as well, considering their sufficiently transparent

link.

1.2.3 Origins of the peculiar neutral uses in the basic oppositional uses

The overview of the semantic contents for each of the members of our lexeme pair, already

taught us that we are dealing with two nouns that are rich in meaning as well as use, which is

something we might have expected, as their concepts are so basic to our (and our ancestors’)

everyday life. The modern urge and need to keep track of time in combination with this

centrality of the concepts of day and night in the rich cultural and linguistic history of English

have fostered quite a few fascinating conventions regarding and uses of the members of our

lexeme pair. With our research questions in mind, we focus on the neutral use of day and

night and their presence or absence throughout the rather long period of English that we are

investigating. We are especially interested in the origins and (possible) evolution of the neutral

use of day; for night our interests are of course similar, given that we find evidence of a

neutral use, a search which will in part also take place in this literature section. The use of

night to express duration of time, which was already touched upon in the discussion of its

semantic contents on the basis of the OED, will here of course be given some further necessary

attention.

1.2.3.1 Counting in nights

One specific passage on the history of our lexeme pair in German in Willem’s (2005)

concluding remarks formed an important motivation to make a detailed diachronic study of

the lexeme pair day/night in English. There, Willems refers to the statement in Grimm and

Grimm’s Deutsches Wörterbuch15 that in older stages of the German language periods of time

were counted in nights rather than days and that the younger use of day for this purpose in

15 Grimm and Grimm (1854-1960)



later stages replaces this ‘neutral’ use of night to question the unidirectionality in Coseriu’s

model of neutralization in diachrony. This use of night to measure lapse of time or duration

was also mentioned in the Oxford English Dictionary (1989), but the description led us to

believe that it was there nevertheless seen as a variant of the oppositional value of night. Also,

the OED does not mark this sense as obsolete, but gives quotations of its use from and between

early Old English and Modern English.

A closer inspection of this use brings us first to the entry for night in the Oxford dictionary of

English etymology (1966), where fortnight and sennight are mentioned as lexemes that

preserve the ancient Germanic reckoning of time by nights. A more thorough discussion of

this custom is given by Nilsson (1960 [1920]), who confirms that counting the days from the

nights is very common among a whole array of different peoples, including the Germanic

peoples. Nilsson even makes the bold statement that most of the peoples of the globe have this

habit, while counting of the days from the dawns of the day-time is much less common,

although he does lack sufficient evidence to support this claim. Also Tacitus (1900: 38) wrote

that the Germanic peoples “nec dierum numerum (…) sed noctium computant” and Caesar

(1853: 156) declared in a similar that this custom was to be found with the Celtic people as

well, saying that “spatia omnis temporis non numero dierum, sed noctium finiunt”.

Undoubtedly, the explanation for this peculiar custom in the English language cannot be seen

separate from the many different influences and developments in the English society

throughout its history and the associated various ways of time reckoning. The evolution in

both this culture and time reckoning can be very concisely but aptly summarized as one away

from nature towards rationality. The Celts that originally lived in England were pagan, and so

were the Germanic tribes upon their arrival in the Old English period. These peoples were

thus through their religion already closely linked to nature and there are also several

indicators that they were as well for time reckoning and thus the order of daily routines. After

Christianization, the need for more precise timekeeping increased in order to be able to



determine the date of Easter as well as to comply with the set canonical hours for prayer

throughout the day; therefore, the church and monasteries fulfilled a very important role in

the development of calendars and other timekeeping devices. Although the church also

regulated the life of the lay people to a considerable extent, the natural phenomena continued

to be of great importance. Only with the introduction of clocks in the European cities from the

end of the fourteenth century, an actual change in time consciousness was formed and people

in the city really started to rule their lives by the clock (Dohrn-van Rossum, 1996). Of course

the influence of the clock and calendar, and thus the rationalization of time, has only

augmented in the following decades of increasing industrialization.

Counting time by nights is a custom that Nilsson (1960 [1920]) rightly associates with time

reckoning that is more closely related to nature. He explains that a pars pro toto method is

used to count several days as the abstract 24-hour day is an empty concept to people who (to

a certain degree) live their lives according to nature; therefore, an easily recognizable part of it

is chosen as a point of reference. There are of course several of these ‘parts’ which recur once

in every twenty-four-hour period, such as sunrise, (oppositional) day or sunset; but Nilsson

gives a very plausible explanation for the use of night for this purpose. In the same way as

years are counted in winters, counting the days from the nights is preferred because these are

typical times where less activity takes place and which are indifferent to fluctuation. It is

obviously easier to count a longer period by the homogeneous times of rest or sleep than by a

heterogeneous or fluctuating time like a day full of work or dawn. We would like to point out

the similar popular present-day custom where the countdown to a certain event is translated

into the number of nights of sleep there are left before the event concerned for small children

that do not yet have a well-developed time consciousness.

The decrease in or disappearance of the counting of the days from the nights and its

replacement by reckoning by the days, which the Deutsches Wörterbuch talks about, might

then very likely be a consequence of the gradual establishment of the artificial, 24-hour day



through increasing rationalization of time. The presence of an array of different means that

help to keep track of time in more modern eras, such as clocks and calendars, also means that

it is no longer necessary to count by an easily recognizable part of the whole, but that for

example the part of the period that is considered to be most important can be used instead.

1.2.3.2 Neutral day

While we have been looking at neutral night as a special case of oppositional night, we might

possibly look over neutral day in fact also being a special use of one of the lexemes in the

opposition. Nilsson (1960 [1920]) and Richmond (1956) teach us that the origin of this use is

a later, post primitive intellect development as it goes past the immediately perceivable

separate oppositional phenomena, fusing them into an abstract and numerical unit of twenty-

four hours. Nilsson supports this theory by referring to the fact that most languages do not

have a separate lexeme for the combination of both oppositional terms’ concepts. It is difficult

to find out the time when this use of day originated, especially as English, like many other

languages, does not have a separate lexeme16 for the neutral value, We learn from Nilsson that

in most modern and ancient languages the lack of a neutral term is solved by employing the

lexeme that is also used for the light part, according to the principle of pars pro toto; thus

explaining how also in English this has come to be the case.

1.2.4 Concluding remarks

The OED does not mention any other branches of meaning for the lexeme night, apart from

those mentioned above, nor any other senses that differ greatly from those discussed here. Of

those senses there is only one which does leave room for discussion on a possible neutral value;

16 As for instance Scandinavian languages do have, e.g. Swedish dygn and Danish and Norse døgn, which probably originate in the Old Norse dœgn. With etmaal, Dutch also has a separate archilexeme that can be used to express the neutral value, yet it is not as common in use as its Scandinavian counterparts, which also have a close and interesting orthographic link to the negative term of the opposition.

http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/d%C3%B8gn



the explanation of the OED for the use of night for measuring duration does seem to point

away from that possibility, though. Although sometimes only alluding on parts of the complete

oppositional sense, all other uses enumerated above, both regular and metonymical, clearly

concern the oppositional sense of the lexeme night. Also the branches of meaning for day can

easily divided into two oppositional and two neutral ones, also the metonymical uses can easily

be assigned to the value on which they are based. Remarkable is that for neither of the lexemes

a definition in terms of hours is given.

We will aim at keeping this strict dichotomy that we discerned in the OED in tact as much as

possible while analysing. The apparent fact that both the neutral use of night and that of day

have a very similar origin as metonymical developments from the oppositional values of the

lexemes does encourage us to want to strengthen the position of night within the opposition;

so to indicate that, although night is the marked term and thus is in a weaker position to

neutralize, it did certainly once have the same possibilities as day, although maybe to a lesser

extent.

Both lexemes also seem to be clearly linked to their interesting history of referential change as

well as to processes of standardization both in language and time reckoning. It is for instance

very interesting to see that an evolution in the daily life of our studied period, from a lifestyle

closer to nature towards a more industrialized and regulated life; is accompanied by a clearly

related change in language, which typically evolves in the direction of the unmarked term

(Tomić, 1989). This strengthens our belief that an investigation of not only the history of the

language, but also of the cultural changes regarding different aspects of both concepts are

useful before analysing samples of the diachronic use of night and day.



2 Methodology of the empirical analysis

For our diachronic study of lexical neutralisation in the English opposition day/night, we

worked with samples from the Helsinki Corpus (HC, 1991), which were analysed for a

number of parameters. Our methodology in searching and analysing the corpus samples is

discussed below.

2.1 Helsinki Corpus The Helsinki Corpus of English Texts is a diachronic corpus of English that contains samples of

texts of many different genres17 from the Old, Middle, and Early Modern English period,

typically used for studying language change. Each sample of text is preceded by a list which

contains information on among others the text, author, and (sub)period; and each text is given

an acronym. See appendix for an overview of all texts in the corpus, sorted per period and in

alphabetical order according to the acronym; for each of these the genre is included and the

subperiod, although the latter only for completeness, the main period divisions are sufficient

for our number of samples and goals. The corpus divides the history of the English languages

into the three periods as follows: Old English ( -1150), Middle English (1150-1500), and

Early Modern English (1500-1710).18

17 Viz. documents, law, philosophy, religious treatises, prefaces, history, bible, undefined/verse, science, homilies, rules, geography, travelogue, biography/lives, fiction, handbooks, romances, sermons, letters, proceedings, drama, educational treatises, diaries. 18 The scope of the subdivisions is OE I ( -850), OE II (850-950), OE III (950-1050), OE IV (1050-1150), ME I (1150-1250), ME II (1250-1350), ME III (1350-1420), ME IV (1420-1500), EModE I (1500-1570), EModE II (1570-1640), EModE III (1640-1710).



2.2 Search words As became clear in the previous chapter, the three periods we are studying contain a lot of

language and spelling variation, which makes that the a list of search words had to be put

together before searching the corpus. On the basis of a number of different dictionaries19, a

list20 was put together containing all different possible spellings and cases for day and night in

Old English and Middle English. The Early Modern English period was searched for these same

words and the modern lexemes, as no specific dictionary was available and as the period is

deemed to use variants of these, as an in-between. For certainty reasons, so to not overlook any

possible regional, spelling, case, or number variants, the list was completed with words from

the frequency list of the HC which we thought might be necessary in it. This of course also

increases the number of possible false positives.

The few letters that especially in the oldest English are present, but not in our modern alphabet

had to be replaced in the original text of the corpus in order to be able to search them with

our concordance program; thus here ‘3’, ‘4’, ‘6’, and ‘9’ were used to represent the respective

‘yogh’ (ʒ), ‘ash’ (æ), ‘eth’ (ƌ), and ‘thorn’ (ϸ). The original codes used for these in the HC are

respectively ‘+a’, ‘+g’, ‘+d’, ‘+t’.

2.3 Collecting data and picking samples With the concordance program TextSTAT21 the HC was then searched for all of these words in

each one of the three periods, which we separated into separate corpora; this was done

bearing in mind the artificial boundaries between the language stages and the nature of

language change and variation. We also deliberately searched for the whole, loose words so to

19The Oxford English Dictionary (1989), Bosworth and Toller (1955), Hall (1960), Middle English Dictionary (2001) 20 See appendix: list of search words 21 http://neon.niederlandistik.fu-berlin.de/en/textstat/



probably avoid a fairly large number of less interesting compounds and other false positives in

our samples.

All the hits for these search words were combined in separate Excel-files, which thus resulted

in six ‘new corpora’, two per period, one containing all of the samples to be found in the HC

for night and one those for day. In these files both singular and plural forms of the lexemes

were combined, as it was not possible to make the separation before making the analysis, given

the large variety of forms due to lack of standardization, the possibility of an unmarked plural,

and the fact that the a same form can often be used for different cases and numbers; only

when actively analysing the samples we were able to make this distinction, which is an option

that could not be chosen given the large number of hits and the time needed to understand the

contents of a sample of older English due to the aforementioned difference from present-day

English. This did enable us to protect the proportions in number when picking a random

sample from each of the six files. In total, there were found 1475, 1617, and 1295 samples for

all of the search words for day, respectively in Old English, Middle English, and Early Modern

English; for night the respective totals are 628, 490, and 329.

The samples for analysis were picked randomly from the ‘new’ corpora by assigning all of

them with the formula ‘=RAND(1;2000)’ in an adjoining column; the samples were

subsequently sorted for ascending values and for each period the first 100 were picked for

night and the first 150 for day. Although the main goal of our study is finding and discussing

possible neutral uses of night, we did deem this division necessary to keep the balance between

the occurrences of both lexemes within the separate periods a bit more intact, thus allowing

for more reliable quantitative conclusions and comparisons between neutral uses of night and

day in our prevailing, qualitative discussion.



2.4 Analysing the samples The samples were analysed in an Excel-document according to a number of parameters, and

annotated with the abbreviated text name in the corpus and the page and/or rule where the

occurrence is to be found. In analysing the samples, of course a conscious effort was made to

trace the values for the sample in its original language meaning, although each of the analysed

constructions were also generalized into a form that is easier to compare.

For each sample the exact form of day/night used and its number (sg/pl) were also given. But

of course our main focus was on a dichotomizing the samples as much as possible according

to their neutral (N) or oppositional (O) value, in some of the cases also adding a mark for

metonymy (M) when deemed necessary.22 Under ‘cotext’ and ‘context’, words or elements,

which hint at the value of the occurrence of day/night, from respectively the direct context of

the word and the broader context of the text are given.

Finally, two more categories were added especially for the neutral uses of the lexemes, one

assigning them a more specified term for their particular usage, and another that indicates

what element in the text takes away the focus from the occurrence. This last category was

added as, while analysing, it became apparent that while oppositional uses are typically

accompanied by clear cotextual elements that give away that we are dealing with an

oppositional use; this seems to be opposite for neutral uses of the lexemes as cotextual

elements are present that pull the focus away from the lexeme. The subcategories specifying

the neutral uses of day are, in order of ascending metonymic nature: ‘day+night’, ‘calendar

day’/’natural division’, ‘special day’, ‘date’, ‘moment/time’, and ‘span’ of life or reign. The main

elements that divert the attention away from the possibility of an oppositional specification or

which make that specifying is deemed unnecessary are: durational aspects of the expression, a

22 Strong idiomatic uses (I) were hardly encountered in the samples, as they are often a lot more transparent from a historical point of view.



specified date, (a relation to) the event taking place, frequency, the placement of the

expression in a series or sequence, and the goal of the day; these are often also combined.

Whenever we encountered a false positive23, it was removed from the list of samples and a

new sample was added instead, by plainly taking the sample was assigned the first coming

value, following the last sample in line.

23 For the numbers of false positives discovered in analysing and a short explanation of their meaning; see appendix: list of search words. Note that these are not the total amount of false positives, but only the minimum, that has been discovered.



3 Results

3.1 General image of the values of day and night

3.1.1 Day in Old English, Middle English and Early Modern English

Before we turn to the more detailed discussion of the results for night we have a look at the

results of our analysis for day, which are summarized in the grid below. These mainly serve to

paint the bigger picture; our main interest is in the neutral uses of night, which are discussed

later in this chapter.

Day OE ME EModE

Neutral uses 129 132 137

Calendar day/natural division/day+night

88 91 112

Special day/date 13 29 15

Metonymical Span (life/reign) 17 4 1

Moment/time 11 8 9

Oppositional uses 21 18 13

Diagram 6 Number of neutral and oppositional uses for day in Old, Middle, and Early Modern

English

For each of the periods of English, 150 samples were analysed24; all of these could be classified

fairly easily as either oppositional or neutral uses. The former are generally accompanied by

disambiguating contextual elements such as sun or light, or juxtaposed with e.g. night or

darkness; while the latter, according to the specific subtype, often have for example dates,

attributes specifying the special day, or proper names in their context. As was said in the

24 See the lists of analysed samples per period and per lexeme in appendix.



methodology section, oppositional day thus appears with elements drawing the focus to its

oppositional nature, while the neutral use is associated with elements that divert the attention

away from it; throughout the three studied periods of English this is in most cases the event

that takes place or the exact date. Throughout all of the analysed data, only a few expressions

showed a slightly higher degree of idiomaticity; we opted for analysing these in terms of the

value that was still very much transparent. Examples of these expressions are day and night

for a meaning close to continually, and from day to day. As was indicated before, we also

occasionally found uses of the lexemes that we like to categorize as metonymical, but which at

the same time can also be linked to oppositionality or neutrality, as we saw in the discussion of

the OED entries for day and night.

From a quantitative point of view, we notice that there is a slight diachronic increase in

neutral uses of day, and an according decrease in oppositional uses. Nevertheless, the amount

of change as well as the amount of analysed data is too small to be able to draw firm

conclusions from them.

3.1.2 Night in Old, Middle, and Early Modern English

Whereas neutral uses of day are prevalent in all three periods, night is mainly used

oppositionally. Of the 100 samples for night, respectively 59, 95, and 100 are oppositional

uses; in the remaining samples, we either find neutral uses or uses that deserve some extra

attention as cases in-between. The oppositional uses are again typically linked with contextual

elements such as darkness, moon, sleep, rest, and to lie; or contrasted with day.

3.2 Neutral uses of night Although there were not all that many instances of the neutral use of night, the results of our

analysis are quite outspoken in favour of the hypothesis of a neutral use of night in the older

stage of English that has disappeared in younger stages of English. Below we have a closer look



at the samples that are clear examples of a neutral use of night and the remaining rather

ambiguous samples, in each of the separate periods and throughout the complete studied

period.

3.2.1 In Old English

3.2.1.1 Clear neutral uses of night

The instances of night, which clearly display a neutral use of the lexeme, are nearly all to be

found in the Old English period and all express types of duration. The twelve clearly neutral

uses of night25 in Old English can be divided into two separate groups. Samples26 1 to 3 below

express durations of certain actions, viz. direction by Moses, being together in the sea, and

fighting.

(1) Moyses ofer ϸa, fela meoringa, fyrde gelædde. Heht ϸa ymb twa niht [{tirfæste{]

hæleƌ, siƌƌan hie feondum oƌfaren hæfdon,… (ON101)

Moses led the camp over the many dangers. The glorious man directs then during

two nights, after they had escaped the fiends,…

(2) ƌa wit ætsomne on sæ wæron fif nihta fyrst, oϸϸæt unc flod todraf,… (ON61)

Then we two were first five nights together in the ocean, until the currents separated

us,…

(3) & fela ϸusenda ofslægenra, & onfeohtende wæron oϸ niht. & ϸæs ymb xiiii niht

gefeaht æϸered cyning & ælfred his broƌur wiϸ ϸone… (ON84)

& many thousands were killed & were fighting until night. & of that king Aethered and

his brother Alfred fought about 14 nights with it…

25 In the translations, the deliberate choice was made to maintain the lexeme used in the original text, whereas modern English would prefer the use of the neutral day. 26 All translations given are my own; the samples are accompanied by a reference to the lists of analysed samples in appendix, which include more extensive information of the analysis. The reference starts with the letters O, M, or E for resp. Old, Middle, or Early Modern English, followed by the letter D or N, indicating whether it is a sample of day or night, and is concluded with the sample’s specific ID number, that was given prior to the actual analysis.



The second group contains samples which express a time distance or duration in relation to a

certain event, viz. samples 4 to 11. Samples 4 to 7 relate to secular events, resp. a maximal

duration between the striking and raising of a tree, a duration after a cow has calved, a

duration between a sickness and a predicted death, and a maximal duration between the birth

and baptism of a child.

(4) Gif mon oƌerne æt gemænan weorce offelle ungewealdes, agife mon ϸam mægum

ϸæt treow, & hi hit hæbben ær XXX nihta of ϸam lande, oƌƌe… (ON81)

If people involuntarily strike down another at mutual suffering, people return the

kinsmen that tree & they raise it before 30 nights about the land, or ...

(5) Be kuhyrde: Cuhyrde gebyreƌ, ϸæt he hæbbe ealdre cu meolc VII niht, syƌƌan heo

nige cealfod hæfƌ, & frymetlinge bystinge XIIII niht. (ON115)

About the cowherd: It is due to a cowherd that he may have the milk of an older cow

seven nights, after she has newly calved and young cow beestings 14 nights.

(6) & biƌ se swile ge on ϸam sweoran ge on ϸære tungan, ne mæg se man wel eϸian ne

ϸone sweoran on cerran ne his heafod forƌ on hyldan ϸæt he his nafolan geseon

mæge. & butan his man raϸor tilige he biϸ ymb ϸreo niht gefaren. (ON76)

If the swelling is either on the neck or on the tongue, the man may/can not breathe

very easily, nor turn the neck nor incline his head continually that he can see his

navel. & save that the man is quickly well he will die after three nights.

(7) Cild binnan ƌritegum nihta sie gefulwad; gif hit swa ne sie, XXX scillinga gebete.

(ON1)

Children are to be baptized within 30 nights; if this is not so, 30 shillings is due to

amend.

Samples 8 to 11 of this second group are specifically in relation to holidays of the Christian

religion, counting nights from respectively Easter, Christmas, and Ascension Day (twice).

(8) & ordal & aƌas syndan tocweƌen freolsdagum & rihtymbrendagum & fram Adventum

Domini oƌ octabas Epiphanię & fram Septuagessimam oƌ XV niht ofer eastran.

(ON24)



& ordeal & oaths send the adressed feast-days & duly appointed Ember days & from

Advent to the Epiphany octave & from Septuagesima27

to 15 nights after Easter.

(9) Her segh ymb drihtnes gebyrd, ymb ϸa xii niht [{his{] tide. Gyf se wind byoƌ on ϸa

forma niht gehadode weras sweltaƌ. ϸære æfteran niht & ϸere ϸriddan niht biƌ winƌ,

ϸonne wespnas forweorƌaƌ. (…) ƌære XI niht gyf wind byoƌ, æale nyetenu

forweorƌaƌ. (ON48&71)28

At this point of time expect at Christ's birth, at the 12 nights of his time. If there is wind

on the first night, monastic men die. If there is wind the second night & the third night,

then the wasps perish. (…) If there is wind on the eleventh night, all small animals

perish.

(10) Lucas se godspellere cwæϸ on ϸæm bocum ϸe nemned is (\Actus

Apostolorum\) be ϸyses dæges weorϸunga, he cwæϸ, Mid ϸon dæge wæs gefylled

se dæg ϸe is nemned Pentecosten ymb fiftig nihta æfter ϸære gecyϸdan æriste, ϸa

wæron ealle ϸa apostolas wunigende on anre stowe. (ON8)

The evangelist Luke said in the book that is called Actus Apostolorum about this day

of celebration, he said, By that day at fifty nights after the revealed one resurrected

was filled the day that is called Pentecost, then all the apostles were dwelling in one

place.

(11) [{ (\IN DIE PENTECOSTE.\) }] Men ϸa leofestan, weorϸodan we & bremdon nu

unfyrn, for ten nihtum, ϸone myclan & ϸone mæron symbeldæg Drihtnes upstiges

foran to ϸyssum ondweardan dæge. (ON36)

ON PENTECOST The most beloved man, we held in honour and celebrated now not

long ago, for ten nights, the great and the brilliant holiday of the lord's ascension

before this present day29

.

Indicators or triggers for neutralization

The cotext and context of the aforementioned uses clearly indicate that we are not dealing

with ambiguous uses of night but that the noun was intended to signify the neutral value and

that we are thus dealing with instances of the habit of counting in nights that we were after.

The focus on durational rather than oppositional aspects of night diverts the attention towards

27 = ninth Sunday before Easter 28 Two occurrences from the same text were here combined into one sample. 29 = Pentecost



a neutral use that is impartial to the distinctive feature in the same way as is the case in

neutral uses of day.

With only twelve examples of clear neutralization of night, we do not have much data to draw

firm conclusions, but we can distinguish some tendencies. First of all, of course, neutral night

appears in contexts expressing duration. Regarding the construction and cotextual elements, it

is remarkable that 7 out of 12 occurrences are in the unmarked plural niht and that all of the

occurrences are accompanied by a numeral larger than 1. Also the cotextual presence of

prepositions such as ymb, ær, binnan, ofer, æfter, and foran is evident, as these typically

express durational aspects.

No pinpointing is possible concerning the wider context, viz. the subperiods or the text types,

as neutral night is found throughout the different subperiods of Old English (OE II, OE III, and

OE IV) and also throughout the different text types that are available (law, medicine, homilies,

astronomy).

3.2.1.2 Uses of night in-between neutrality and oppositionality

Besides the abovementioned clear neutral uses of night, there are also a number of uses where

some uncertainty about the precise value of the lexeme remains. Sample 12 is used to

represent a very common type of such an unclear use that returns 19 times and in variant

forms in the occurrences, viz. the astronomical habit to talk about a certain date in terms of

the ‘age’ of the moon, which is counted in nights. We are most strongly tempted to consider

these uses as neutral, as a moon that is a few nights old, automatically also ‘lived’ through the

days and as this might also be considered a type of duration, or time span of ‘existence’ of the

moon. Then again, as the moon is a prevailing cotextual element, for consistency reasons we

should maybe consider these samples as instances of an oppositional use.

(12) ϸonne se mone biƌ anre nihte eald, swahwætswa ϸu gesihst, [{ϸæte{] kymƌ

to gesean. On twam nihtum & on iii, ne biƌ on ϸam swefne ne god ne yfel.



(ON42&87)

When the moon is one night old, whatsoever you see, that will be seen. On two

nights & on three, will not be good nor bad in the dream.

In occurrences from texts about medicine, we count a total of 7 uses of night, which are

variants of the sample below. Here again, we prefer the analysis of night’s use as neutral since

we find the expressions’ durational aspects prevailing, referring to a period containing the

number of nights, also leaving the medicine to rest in the corresponding days. Yet the link that

can be made between the cotextual elements and verbs such as rest, indicates that also a

strong oppositional element is present.30

(13) Wyrc eagsealfe, wudubindes leaf, wudumerce, streawberian wisan, suϸerne

wermod, oxna lyb, celeϸonian, gecnuwa ϸa wyrte swiƌe, meng wiϸ win, do on

cyperen fæt oϸϸe on ærenum fate hafa, læt standan seofon niht oϸϸe ma,… (ON12)

Prepare eye-salve, [list of ingredients], strongly pound together the herbs, mix with

wine, put in a copper cup or hold in a brass cup, leave standing seven nights or

more,…

And finally there are also three examples of sentences that indicate that the situation is

complicated when singular night is used.31 We are for all three tempted to analyse the

constructions as expressions of duration, but we cannot be entirely certain of this analysis, as

night can just as well be used oppositionally in these co(n)texts, respectively focussing on the

very young age of the child or on a shorter duration.

(14) ϸær hy gedydon ƌæt cild sprecende ϸæt ne wæs anre nihte eald. (ON74)

There he made the child that was not yet a night old speak.

(15) & se here com ϸa to ϸeodforda binnon iii wuca ϸæs ϸe hi ær gehergodon

Norƌwic. & ϸær binnon ane niht wæron,… (ON114)

& the army came then to Thetford within 3 weeks after they plundered Northwich. &

were there within one night,…

30 Note that this is a use which we might very well also encounter in present-day uses, as for example in cooking terminology. 31 ON27 is an example of oppositional singular night, where the context clearly disambiguated the use.



(16) Spiwdrænc, ado in beor oƌƌe in win finul, læt standan ane niht,... (ON95)

Liquid emetic, empty the fennel in beer or in wine, leave to rest for one night,…

It may thus be clear that the uses of night under this section also are to a considerable degree

analysable as neutral, but that there is a higher degree of uncertainty about their precise value

than in the clearly neutral samples that were mentioned first in this chapter. These less clear

examples are of course very interesting for further investigation and leave a lot more room for

discussion32 on the value of night, but for our study (the existence of) the clear examples are

most interesting.

3.2.2 In Middle English

When we look at the possibility of a neutral use of night in Middle English, then, there are

only about five instances left worth discussing. First there are three occurrences which are

quite clearly lexicalizations of the Old English neutral use of night, forming a type of idiomatic

compound rather than a ‘free’ expression in contexts expressing duration. The third of these

expressions is remarkably less lexicalized than the former two, though.

(17) …, after he haϸ lyne seke a fourten nyght. (MN131)

…, after he had lain sick a fortnight.

(18) ah feowertene niht fulle; ϸere læi ϸa uerde. (...) Arƌur lai at Whit-sond;

feouwertene niht him ϸuhte to long. (MN3&14)

A full fortnight, the army lay there. (…) Arthur lay at Whitson; forteen nights

seemed him too long.

In Layamon’s Brut, a text that stems from very early in the Middle English period, both sample

18 and 19 are to be found, two samples that show a close link to the apparently typical Old

English neutral use of night.

32 As is also the case in Willems’ (2005: 381) contemporary example “Die Touristen blieben fünf Nächte in Paris”, analysed by Willems as an instantiation of the oppositional value of German Nacht. We did not encounter any variants of this use among our English samples.



(19) …fulle ϸreo nihten; heore craftes heo dihten. (MN55)33

…the full three nights; she ordered their crafts.

Finally, there was also one instance found of the use of nights to count the ‘age’ of the moon in

sample MN23: “thre niht ald mone”.34

3.2.3 In Early Modern English

For Early Modern English, not a single neutral use of night was encountered. It is quite

probable that this neutral use of night in younger times has lost ground to the lexicalized

expressions fortnight and sennight35, and of course got replaced by the neutral use of day.

3.3 Concurrence of neutral day Again, a larger number of analysed samples is deemed necessary to be able to make strong

statements about possible concurrence of day and night in neutralization, but it is fairly safe to

conclude from our analysis that day has supplanted night in those contexts where the latter

could once represent the neutral value of the opposition. Throughout the three periods of

study, the number of neutral uses of day in neutralization contexts similar to those found for

night stays fairly constant. This could be an indication of a limited use of neutral night or of a

possible faded use already early on in or before the start of our period of study.

For Old English and Middle English, as well as for Early Modern English, about ten neutral

uses of day were found in similar contexts as neutral night, viz. durational contexts, and

attributed numerals and function words expressing durational aspects.

33 Note that also sample MN30 occurs in the same text, but that the similar construction “Fulle ϸre nihtes” there is analysed as oppositional, the verb “to lodge” is found in the cotext. 34 There are also six analysed samples from medical contexts, where ‘one night’ is used in a similar way as discussed for Old English, but via the co(n)text all of these were identified as oppositional uses. 35 A quick look at the frequency list of our entire corpus, however, reveals only about 11 variants of fortnight and 4 variants of sennight.



3.4 Concluding remarks The results of our empirical study show that a neutral use of night was indeed present early on

in the English language, as we also concluded from the study of the literature. It is important

to notice, however, that the historical neutral use of night differs greatly from examples from

present-day English or modern languages in general, where typically expressions from the

realm of travel and lodging are advanced for discussion. The Old English neutral use of night

is found in contexts expressing the duration of an action, or the duration from a certain event

or in-between two events. Historical neutral uses of night are typically accompanied by

function words which also bear aspects of duration and numerals specifying the duration.

Neither in our analysed samples of night for Middle English nor in those for Early Modern

English, we encountered sufficient evidence to deduce that the habit of counting periods from

the nights was still strong.



4 Discussion

On the basis of our results and study of the literature on lexical neutralization, we would like

to propose a new visualization of the diagram given by Coseriu. Our diagram is given below

and will be used to explain our vision on the phenomenon and its peculiar relations. From our

findings in previous chapters, which tempt the principle of unidirectionality, we deduce two

possible adaptations of Coseriu’s visualization. On the one hand, we might want to keep the

aspiration of a definition of lexical oppositions, including the possibility of neutralization in

the ‘langue’ as much as possible; on the other hand we could also reason for a simplified view

on lexical oppositions, which does lead to a change in importance of the phenomenon of

neutralization.

4.1 Neutralization integrated in the ‘langue’ One of our goals in this study was, given that we find the possibility of a neutral night, to

provide with an adaptation of Coseriu’s model of neutralization to include all possible uses of

the members of the opposition. Our first, integrational, proposal can be summarized as in-

between Van der Gucht’s (2005: 167) proposal of ‘alleged duosemy’ and De Backer’s (2010:

550) alternative analysis in terms of neutral norm usage and is discussed on the basis of key

traits of our adapted visualization below.

Diagram 7 Suggested complicated visualization of the lexical opposition (for day/night)



Triangular

The visualization is triangular so to literally represent how the neutral value transcends the

oppositional values; the neutral value is for that reason also expressed as ‘0 A’, impartial

towards the distinctive feature.36 As was the case with Coseriu’s visualization, the neutral

value spreads over the complete functional zone, including the oppositional values in its scope.

Because of the triangular shape, though, it is a lot clearer that the neutral value is overarching

the oppositional ones. The narrow, neutral, tip on the broader oppositional base then could

also be seen as a visual representation of the suspension of the distinction, and thus as a less

detailed semantics.

The oppositional values

The oppositional values are displayed in a similar way as in Coseriu’s visualization, as separate

parts within the larger functional zone. But next to the permeable boundary for the unmarked

member of the opposition, also a semi-permeable boundary was drawn around the intensive

term. This was done to represent the possibility of night to represent the neutral value as well.

We do find this desirable, as both the neutral use of day and night stem from their

oppositional values, through pars pro toto metonymy and thus night ‘deserves’ a status that is

not as strictly confined but more similar to that of day. This analysis in terms of metonymy is

related with the issue Van der Gucht and De Backer dealt with, respectively by arguing in

favour of an analysis of the extensive term as stemming from a single homogenous core

meaning. De Backer deals with the extensive term by moving the discussion on values to the

level of the norm, which is in-between the ‘langue’ and ‘parole’. We definitely agree on this

difficult position of the different senses of the extensive term in the theory of language, but do

36 This choice of expression for the neutral value as ‘0 A’ is in line with our discussion of the neutral value under 1.1.2.4. This expression goes in against a previous claim of a logic of language that is different from that of science, representing it more according to the core definition of neutralization as a ‘suspension of the opposition’.



not see any better ways of formulating solutions concerning this ‘in-betweenness’ in regard to

the different levels of language.

Metonymy and idiomaticity

We did want to add the grey spheres at each point of the triangle to represent the other special

uses of day and night, such as for example neutral day for a time span, oppositional day for a

window part, and night for the figurative darkness. The spheres were added to the outside of

the functional field, as the metonymical uses of day and night do not actually take part in the

opposition, they rather are derived from the members of the opposition. This addition is made

in order to paint a more complete picture of the semantics of the lexical opposition, but is

optional, as these metonymical uses do clearly belong to the level of the ‘parole’.

4.2 Neutralization as a ‘parole’ phenomenon Another possible adaptation of Coseriu’s visualization and thus view on the lexical opposition

is illustrated by the diagram below, which is a simplification of our initial proposal as well as

of Coseriu’s version. This diagram shows our alternative vision where neutralization is

completely moved out of the realm of the ‘langue’.

Diagram 8 Suggested simplified visualization of the lexical opposition (for day/night)



Importance of neutralization

A very important aspect of this version of the lexical opposition is the drastic decrease in

theoretical value of the phenomenon of neutralization, an effect De Backer (2010) already

warned for in uttering the possibility of a displacement of neutralization to the ‘norm level’ of

language.37 We do find sufficient reason in our findings for such a strong interference in the

theory, however; on the one hand, in the fact that both neutral day and neutral night have

their origin in the oppositional use of the lexemes through the figure of speech metonymy, and

on the other hand in the finding of a bidirectional possibility of neutralization. It is thus a very

plausible solution to see neutralization as a phenomenon that purely takes place on the level of

language use, which is also in accordance with the importance of reference and the role of the

(in our study unreachable) language user in the decision which value of the lexeme is being

instantiated.

The oppositional values and archisememe

As we no longer provide the possibility of neutralization within the ‘langue’, the boundaries of

both oppositional values are non-permeable. However, their relationship within the

archisememe remains the same and also the definition of these members of the functional

zone of the opposition in terms of their positive, negative or impartial character towards the

distinctive feature remains unchanged.

Neutralization in the ‘parole’

In this last visualization, neutralization is a phenomenon at the level of language use, a level

which allows for a more free interpretation, and thus more easily includes bidirectionality and

for example stylistic uses of members of the opposition. Neutralization is then a special case

where, through metonymy, one of the members is able to take the place of the archisememe,

37 ‘Norm’ in the sense of Coseriu, see e.g. Coseriu (1987).



without being a separate archilexeme38. This member is preferably the unmarked member, as

it is by definition more apt for this use than the marked member, but there is a less strong

restriction of this possibility for the marked member, which can ‘with some more effort’ also

take this place.39

This last proposal could do away with the issue of polysemy and monosemy in neutralizable

oppositions, and maintains the functional view of language, as based on functional oppositions.

A more simple visualization and theory of lexical oppositions in the ‘langue’ allows for a

broader scope of each of them, which is of course an eventual goal of a theory of language.

The lexical opposition day/night is indeed also a rather special lexical opposition, but the

origins of the possibility of semantic inclusion by the members in metonymy support the claim

that there might be no need to foresee the possibility of neutralization in the ‘langue’, moving

this issue into the realm of the ‘parole’; and that a basic yet foundational theory of functional

oppositions within the language might suffice to represent the “Vielfalt der Bedeutungen”

(Coseriu et al., 1970: 220).

38 Cf. Coseriu (2001 [1976]) 39 See Battistella (1990: 67): ‘markedness reversal’



5 Conclusion

Central in this paper was the question of unidirectionality in lexical neutralization. Hoping to

add to the knowledge on this phenomenon we studied the behaviour of the English lexical

opposition day/night in diachrony, using samples of the Helsinki corpus. This analysis quite

clearly confirmed that neutral uses of night were indeed possible, in the eldest stages of

English, although already soon after, the habit of counting in nights seemed to have started

fading into the use of day for this type of meanings and expressions like fortnight and

sennight.

These results were not entirely surprising as the study of the literature already brought to light

that many developments in the extralinguistic reality were already counteracting this old

habit to depend on nature for time telling.

In our discussion we proposed two adapted versions of neutralization theory. One was meant

to incorporate this historical use better, which we must admit to be a possible ‘threat’ to

Coseriu’s unidirectional nature of neutralization, based on markedness relationships. The

second adapted version was an attempt at dealing with this ‘threat’ and broadening the scope

of the definition through simplification of the functional opposition in the ‘langue’ by a

empirically founded exile of the phenomenon of neutralization to the ‘parole’.

More thought on the different -by times maybe a little bold- proposals of change in theory

made in this paper are definitely in order. We are then especially thinking about the denial of

a difference between the logic of science and that of language, the findings of bidirectionality,

and the dismissal of the issue of polysemy on the level of the ‘langue’ by moving neutralization

to the level of the ‘parole’. Furthermore, it would be interesting to study the use of night in Old

English more closely, to get a more accurate view on the different uses of the lexeme and their



relationship. More empirical research on different functional oppositions in different

languages would also be useful; one particular type of study that comes to mind would be a

large scale questionnaire with the (still available) native speakers of modern languages to

provide the claims about neutralization in present-day languages with a stronger foundation

or maybe find new insights in the phenomenon of neutralization.



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Appendices

Appendix 1: Overview of Helsinki corpus source texts

Appendix 2: List of search words and number of hits for day and night in Old English,

Middle English, and Early Modern English

Appendix 3: Analysed samples

Old English: day

Old English: night

Middle English: day

Middle English: night

Early Modern English: day

Early Modern English: night

Filename Sub-Period Text type Full title

COADRIAN OE IV Religious Treatises ADRIAN AND RITHEUS.

THE `PROSE SOLOMON AND SATURN'

AND ÀDRIAN AND RITHEUS'.

MCMASTER OLD ENGLISH STUDIES AND TEXTS, I.

ED. J. E. CROSS AND T. D. HILL.

TORONTO, BUFFALO AND LONDON:

UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO PRESS, 1982.

COAELET3 OE III Religious Treatises AELFRIC'S LETTER TO SIGEFYRTH.

ANGELSAECHSISCHE HOMILIEN

UND HEILIGENLEBEN.

BIBLIOTHEK DER ANGELSAECHSISCHEN PROSA, III.

ED. B. ASSMANN.

DARMSTADT: WISSENSCHAFTLICHE

BUCHGESELLSCHAFT, 1964 (1889).

COAELET4 OE IV Religious Treatises AELFRIC'S LETTER TO SIGEWEARD.

(ÒN THE OLD AND NEW TESTAMENT').

THE OLD ENGLISH VERSION OF THE HEPTATEUCH.

AELFRIC'S TREATISE ON THE OLD AND NEW

TESTAMENT AND HIS PREFACE TO GENESIS.

EARLY ENGLISH TEXT SOCIETY, 160.

ED. S. J. CRAWFORD.

LONDON, 1969 (1922).

AELFRIC'S LETTER TO WULFSIGE.

DIE HIRTENBRIEFE AELFRICS IN

ALTENGLISCHER UND LATEINISCHER FASSUNG.

BIBLIOTHEK DER ANGELSAECHSISCHEN PROSA, IX.

ED. B. FEHR.

HAMBURG: VERLAG VON HENRI GRAND, 1914.

COAELHOM OE III Homilies 1) AELFRIC'S SECOND SERIES OF `CATHOLIC

HOMILIES': THE TEXT AND MANUSCRIPT

TRADITION.

ED. M. GODDEN.

CAMBRIDGE DISSERTATION, 1970.

2) AELFRIC'S CATHOLIC HOMILIES.

THE SECOND SERIES, TEXT.

EARLY ENGLISH TEXT SOCIETY, S.S. 5.

ED. M. GODDEN.

LONDON, 1979.

COAELIVE OE III Biography: lives AELFRIC'S LIVES OF SAINTS, BEING A SET

OF SERMONS ON SAINTS' DAYS FORMERLY

OBSERVED BY THE ENGLISH CHURCH,

VOLS. I-II.

EARLY ENGLISH TEXT SOCIETY,

O.S. 76, 82, 94, 114.

ED. W. W. SKEAT.

LONDON, 1966 (1881-1900).

COAEPREF OE III Prefaces AELFRIC'S PREFACE TO GRAMMAR.

AELFRICS GRAMMATIK UND GLOSSAR, VOL. I.

ED. J. ZUPITZA.

BERLIN: WEIDMANNSCHE BUCHHANDLUNG, 1880.

COAEPREG OE III Prefaces AELFRIC'S PREFACE TO GENESIS.


AELFRIC'S TREATISE ON THE OLD AND

NEW TESTAMENT AND HIS PREFACE TO GENESIS.


ED. S. J. CRAWFORD.

LONDON, 1969 (1922).

COALEX OE III Travelogue ALEXANDER'S LETTER.

THREE OLD ENGLISH PROSE TEXTS

IN MS. COTTON VITELLIUS A XV.


ED. S. RYPINS.

NEW YORK: KRAUS REPRINT CO., 1971 (1924).

COANDREA OE III Verse/Undefined ANDREAS.

THE VERCELLI BOOK.

THE ANGLO-SAXON POETIC RECORDS, II.

ED. G. P. KRAPP.

NEW YORK: COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY PRESS, 1932.

COAPOLLO OE III Fiction THE OLD ENGLISH ÀPOLLONIUS OF TYRE'.

ED. P. GOOLDEN.

LONDON: OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS, 1958.

COBEDE OE II History BEDE'S ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY.

THE OLD ENGLISH VERSION OF

`BEDE'S ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY

OF THE ENGLISH PEOPLE', PARTS I,1; I,2.

EARLY ENGLISH TEXT SOCIETY, O.S. 95, 96.

ED. T. MILLER.

LONDON, 1959 (1890; 1891).

COBENRUL OE III Rules THE BENEDICTINE RULE.

DIE ANGELSAECHSISCHEN PROSABEARBEITUNGEN

DER BENEDIKTINERREGEL.

BIBLIOTHEK DER ANGELSAECHSISCHEN PROSA, II.

ED. A. SCHROEER.


BUCHGESELLSCHAFT, 1964 (1885-1888).

Helsinki Corpus: Old English texts

COBEOWUL OE III Verse/Undefined BEOWULF.

BEOWULF AND JUDITH.

THE ANGLO-SAXON POETIC RECORDS, IV.

ED. E. V. K. DOBBIE.


COBLICK OE III Homilies THE BLICKLING HOMILIES.

EARLY ENGLISH TEXT SOCIETY,

O.S. 58, 63, 73.

ED. R. MORRIS.

LONDON, 1967 (1874-1880).

COBOETH OE II Philosophy ALFRED'S BOETHIUS.

KING ALFRED'S OLD ENGLISH VERSION OF

BOETHIUS DE CONSOLATIONE PHILOSOPHIAE.

ED. W. J. SEDGEFIELD.

OXFORD: THE CLARENDON PRESS, 1899.

COBRUNAN OE II Verse/Undefined THE BATTLE OF BRUNANBURH.

THE ANGLO-SAXON MINOR POEMS.

THE ANGLO-SAXON POETIC RECORDS, VI.



COBYRHTF OE III Science: astronomy BYRHTFERTH'S MANUAL (A. D. 1011), VOL. I.

EARLY ENGLISH TEXT SOCIETY, 177

ED. S. J. CRAWFORD.

LONDON, 1966 (1929).

COCHAD OE IV Biography: lives CHAD.

THE LIFE OF ST. CHAD. AN OLD ENGLISH HOMILY.

ED. R. VLEESKRUYER.

AMSTERDAM: NORTH-HOLLAND PUBLISHING

COMPANY, 1953.

COCHRIST OE III Verse/Undefined CHRIST.

THE EXETER BOOK.

THE ANGLO-SAXON POETIC RECORDS, III.

ED. G. P. KRAPP AND E. V. K. DOBBIE.


COCHROA2 OE II History CHRONICLE MS A EARLY (O2).

TWO OF THE SAXON CHRONICLES PARALLEL,

VOL. I.

ED. C. PLUMMER.

OXFORD: THE CLARENDON PRESS, 1965 (1892).

COCHROA3 OE III History CHRONICLE MS A LATE


VOL. I.

ED. C. PLUMMER.


COCHROE4 OE IV History *CHRONICLE MS E (O3/4).

*CHRONICLE MS E (O4).


VOL. I.

ED. C. PLUMMER.


COCURA OE II Religious Treatises ALFRED'S CURA PASTORALIS.

KING ALFRED'S WEST-SAXON VERSION

OF GREGORY'S PASTORAL CARE, PARTS I-II.


ED. H. SWEET.

LONDON, 1958 (1871).

COCYNEW OE III Verse/Undefined ELENE.

THE VERCELLI BOOK.


ED. G. P. KRAPP.


CODICTS OE IV Philosophy THE OLD ENGLISH DICTS OF CATO.

ED. R. S. COX.

ANGLIA, 90: 1-42, 1972.

CODOCU1 OE I Documents *DOCUMENTS 1 (HARMER).

SELECT ENGLISH HISTORICAL DOCUMENTS

OF THE NINTH AND TENTH CENTURIES.

ED. F. E. HARMER.

CAMBRIDGE: CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS,

1914.

*DOCUMENTS 1 (BIRCH).

CARTULARIUM SAXONICUM:

A COLLECTION OF CHARTERS RELATING

TO ANGLO-SAXON HISTORY, VOL. II.

ED. W. DE G. BIRCH.

NEW YORK: JOHNSON REPRINT CORPORATION

AND LONDON: JOHNSON REPRINT COMPANY

LIMITED, 1964 (1887).

*DOCUMENTS 1 (ROBERTSON).

ANGLO-SAXON CHARTERS.

ED. A. J. ROBERTSON.


1939.

CODOCU2 OE II Documents *DOCUMENTS 2 (HARMER).



ED. F. E. HARMER.


1914.





ED. W. DE G. BIRCH.



LIMITED, 1964 (1887).





1939.

CODOCU3 OE III Documents *DOCUMENTS 3 (HARMER).



ED. F. E. HARMER.


1914.





ED. W. DE G. BIRCH.



LIMITED, 1964 (1887).





1939.

CODOCU4 OE IV Documents *DOCUMENTS 4 (HARMER).



ED. F. E. HARMER.


1914.





ED. W. DE G. BIRCH.



LIMITED, 1964 (1887).





1939.

CODREAM OE III Verse/Undefined THE DREAM OF THE ROOD.

THE VERCELLI BOOK.


ED. G. P. KRAPP.


CODURHAM OE III Rules THE DURHAM RITUAL.

RITUALE ECCLESIAE DUNELMENSIS.

THE DURHAM COLLECTAR.

SURTEES SOCIETY, CXL.

ED. A. H. THOMPSON AND U. LINDELOEF.

DURHAM, 1927.

COEPIHOM OE IV Homilies A HOMILY FOR THE SIXTH (OR FOURTH)

SUNDAY AFTER EPIPHANY.

ANGELSAECHSISCHE HOMILIEN UND HEILIGENLEBEN.


ED. B. ASSMANN.



COEXETER OE III Verse/Undefined *THE WANDERER.

*THE WHALE.

*WIDSITH.

*DEOR.

*WULF AND EADWACER.

*THE FORTUNES OF MEN.

*MAXIMS I.

*THE PANTHER.

*THE PARTRIDGE.

*THE RIMING POEM.

*THE SEAFARER.

THE EXETER BOOK.




COEXODUS OE III Verse/Undefined EXODUS.

THE JUNIUS MANUSCRIPT.

THE ANGLO-SAXON POETIC RECORDS, I.

ED. G. P. KRAPP.

LONDON: GEORGE ROUTLEDGE & SONS, LTD.

AND NEW YORK: COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY PRESS, 1931.

COGENESI OE III Verse/Undefined GENESIS.

THE JUNIUS MANUSCRIPT.

THE ANGLO-SAXON POETIC RECORDS, I.

ED. G. P. KRAPP.

LONDON: GEORGE ROUTLEDGE & SONS, LTD.


COGREGD3 OE III Biography: lives GREGORY THE GREAT, DIALOGUES (MS H).

BISCHOFS WAERFERTH VON WORCESTER

UEBERSETZUNG DER DIALOGE GREGORS DES

GROSSEN.

BIBLIOTHEK DER ANGELSAECHSISCHEN PROSA, V.

ED. H. HECHT.

LEIPZIG: GEORG H. WIGAND'S VERLAG, 1900.

COGREGD4 OE IV Biography: lives GREGORY THE GREAT, DIALOGUES (MS C).

BISCHOFS WAERFERTH VON WORCESTER

UEBERSETZUNG DER DIALOGE GREGORS DESGROSSEN.

BIBLIOTHEK DER ANGELSAECHSISCHEN PROSA, V.

ED. H. HECHT.

LEIPZIG: GEORG H. WIGAND'S VERLAG, 1900.

COINSPOL OE IV Rules WULFSTAN'S `INSTITUTES OF POLITY'.

DIE `INSTITUTES OF POLITY,

CIVIL AND ECCLESIASTICAL'.

SWISS STUDIES IN ENGLISH, 47.

ED. K. JOST.

BERN: FRANCKE VERLAG, 1959.

COKENTIS OE III Verse/Undefined *THE KENTISH HYMN.





*THE KENTISH PSALM.





COLACNU OE III Handbooks: medicine LACNUNGA.

ANGLO-SAXON MAGIC AND MEDICINE,

ILLUSTRATED SPECIALLY FROM THE SEMI-PAGAN

TEXT `LACNUNGA'.

PUBLICATIONS OF THE WELLCOME HISTORICA

MEDICAL MUSEUM, N.S. 3.

ED. J. H. G. GRATTAN AND C. SINGER.

LONDON: RICHARD WEST, 1972 (1952).

COLAECE OE II Handbooks: medicine LAECEBOC.

LEECHDOMS, WORTCUNNING, AND STARCRAFT

OF EARLY ENGLAND, VOL. II.

ROLLS SERIES, 35.

ED. O. COCKAYNE.

LONDON, 1865.

COLAW2 OE II Law *LAWS (ALFRED).

DIE GESETZE DER ANGELSACHSEN, VOL. I.

ED. F. LIEBERMANN.

HALLE: MAX NIEMEYER, 1903.

*ALFRED'S INTRODUCTION TO LAWS.


ED. F. LIEBERMANN.

HALLE: MAX NIEMEYER, 1903

*LAWS (INE).


ED. F. LIEBERMANN.


COLAW3 OE III Law LAWS (ELEVENTH CENTURY).


ED. F. LIEBERMANN.


COLAW4 OE IV Law *LAWS (LATE).

*LAWS (WILLIAM)


ED. F. LIEBERMANN.


COLEOFRI OE IV Religious Treatises AN OLD ENGLISH VISION OF LEOFRIC,

EARL OF MERCIA.

ED. A. S. NAPIER.

TRANSACTIONS OF THE PHILOLOGICAL

SOCIETY, 1907-1910.

LONDON, 1908.

COLINDIS OE III Bible LINDISFARNE GOSPELS.

THE HOLY GOSPELS IN ANGLO-SAXON,

NORTHUMBRIAN AND OLD MERCIAN VERSIONS.

ED. W. W. SKEAT.


1871-1887.

COMARGA OE IV Biography: lives A PASSION OF ST MARGARET.

ANGELSAECHSISCHE HOMILIEN UND HEILIGENLEBEN.


ED. B. ASSMANN.



COMARTYR OE III Biography: lives MARTYROLOGY.

DAS ALTENGLISCHE MARTYROLOGIUM, VOL. II.

BAYERISCHE AKADEMIE DER WISSENSCHAFTEN,

PHILOSOPHISCH-HISTORISCHE KLASSE.

ABHANDLUNGEN, NEUE FOLGE, HEFT 88/2.

ED. G. KOTZOR.

MUENCHEN: VERLAG DER BAYERISCHEN AKADEMIE

DER WISSENSCHAFTEN, 1981.

COMARVEL OE III Geography MARVELS.

THREE OLD ENGLISH PROSE TEXTS

IN MS. COTTON VITELLIUS A XV.


ED. S. RYPINS.

NEW YORK: KRAUS REPRINT CO., 1971 (1924).

COMETBOE OE III Verse/Undefined THE METERS OF BOETHIUS.

THE PARIS PSALTER AND THE METERS OF BOETHIUS.

THE ANGLO-SAXON POETIC RECORDS, V.

ED. G. P. KRAPP.

LONDON: GEORGE ROUTLEDGE & SONS, LIMITED


COMETRPS OE III Verse/Undefined HE METRICAL PSALMS OF

THE PARIS PSALTER.

THE PARIS PSALTER AND THE METERS OF BOETHIUS.

THE ANGLO-SAXON POETIC RECORDS, V.

ED. G. P. KRAPP.

LONDON: GEORGE ROUTLEDGE & SONS, LIMITED


CONORTHU OE I Verse/Undefined *THE RUTHWELL CROSS.

THE DREAM OF THE ROOD.

ED. B. DICKINS AND A. S. C. ROSS.

LONDON: METHUEN & CO. LTD., 1956 (1934).

CORRECTIONS BY R. W. V. ELLIOTT,

RUNES: AN INTRODUCTION (MANCHESTER, 1959).

*BEDE'S DEATH SONG

*CAEDMON'S HYMN.

*THE LEIDEN RIDDLE.





COOHTWU2 OE II History OHTHERE AND WULFSTAN (MS L).

KING ALFRED'S OROSIUS, PART I.

EARLY ENGLISH TEXT SOCIETY, O.S. 79.

ED. H. SWEET.

LONDON, 1959 (1883).

COOHTWU3 OE III History OHTHERE AND WULFSTAN (MS G).



ED. H. SWEET.

LONDON, 1959 (1883).

COOROSIU OE II History ALFRED'S OROSIUS.



ED. H. SWEET.

LONDON, 1959 (1883).

COOTEST OE III Bible THE OLD TESTAMENT.


AELFRIC'S TREATISE ON THE OLD AND NEW

TESTAMENT AND HIS PREFACE TO GENESIS.


ED. S. J. CRAWFORD.

LONDON, 1969 (1922).

COPARIPS OE III Bible THE PARIS PSALTER.

LIBER PSALMORUM. THE WEST-SAXON PSALMS

BEING THE PROSE PORTION, OR THE `FIRST FIFTY,'

OF THE SO-CALLED PARIS PSALTER.

THE BELLES-LETTRES SERIES.

ED. J. W. BRIGHT AND R. L. RAMSAY.

BOSTON, U.S.A. AND LONDON: D. C. HEATH AND CO., 1907.

COPHOENI OE III Verse/Undefined PHOENIX.

THE EXETER BOOK




COPREFCP OE II Prefaces ALFRED'S PREFACE TO CURA PASTORALIS.

KING ALFRED'S WEST-SAXON VERSION

OF GREGORY'S PASTORAL CARE, PART I.


ED. H. SWEET.

LONDON, 1958 (1871).

COPREFSO OE IV Prefaces ALFRED'S PREFACE TO SOLILOQUIES.

KOENIG ALFREDS DES GROSSEN

BEARBEITUNG DER SOLILOQUIEN DES AUGUSTINUS.

BIBLIOTHEK DER ANGELSAECHSISCHEN PROSA, XI.

ED. W. ENDTER.



WITH CORRECTIONS BY T. A. CARNICELLI,

KING ALFRED'S VERSION OF ST. AUGUSTINE'S

`SOLILOQUIES' (CAMBRIDGE, MASSACHUSETTS:

HARVARD UNIVERSITY PRESS, 1969), AND BY MS.

COPROGNO OE IV Handbooks: astronomy PROGNOSTICATIONS.

ED. M. FOERSTER.

1) `BEITRAEGE ZUR MITTELALTERLICHEN

VOLKSKUNDE I', ARCHIV FUER DAS STUDIUM

DER NEUEREN SPRACHEN UND LITERATUREN

120 (1908); VI, 128 (1912); VII, 128 (1912);

VIII, 129 (1912); IX, 134 (1916).

2) `DIE ALTENGLISCHEN TRAUMLUNARE',

ENGLISCHE STUDIEN, 60: 58-93, 1925-1926.

COQUADRU OE III Handbooks: medicine QUADRUPEDIBUS.

THE OLD ENGLISH MEDICINA DE QUADRUPEDIBUS.

ED. H. J. DE VRIEND.

TILBURG: H. GIANOTTEN, 1972 (DOCTORAL

DISSERTATION GRONINGEN).

CORIDDLE OE III Verse/Undefined RIDDLES.

THE EXETER BOOK.




CORUSHW OE III Bible RUSHWORTH GOSPELS.


NORTHUMBRIAN, AND OLD MERCIAN VERSIONS.

ED. W. W. SKEAT.


1871-1887.

COSOLOMO OE IV Religious Treatises SOLOMON AND SATURN.

THE `PROSE SOLOMON AND SATURN'

AND `ADRIAN AND RITHEUS'.

MCMASTER OLD ENGLISH STUDIES AND TEXTS, I.

ED. J. E. CROSS AND T. D. HILL.

TORONTO, BUFFALO AND LONDON:

UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO PRESS, 1982.

COTEMPO OE III Science: astronomy AELFRIC'S DE TEMPORIBUS ANNI.


ED. H. HENEL.

LONDON, 1942.

COVESPS OE II Bible THE VESPASIAN PSALTER.

ED. S. M. KUHN.

ANN ARBOR: THE UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN

PRESS, 1965.

COWSGOSP OE III Bible WEST-SAXON GOSPELS.


NORTHUMBRIAN, AND OLD MERCIAN VERSIONS.

ED. W. W. SKEAT.


1871-1887.

COWULF3 OE III Homilies WULFSTAN'S HOMILIES (O3).

THE HOMILIES OF WULFSTAN.

ED. D. BETHURUM.


COWULF4 OE IV Homilies WULFSTAN'S HOMILIES (O3/4).

THE HOMILIES OF WULFSTAN.

ED. D. BETHURUM.



CMAELR3 ME III Rules AELRED OF RIEVAULX'S DE INSTITUTIONE

INCLUSARUM.


ED. J. AYTO AND A. BARRATT.

LONDON, 1984.

CMAELR4 ME IV Rules AELRED OF RIEVAULX'S DE INSTITUTIONE

INCLUSARUM.


ED. J. AYTO AND A. BARRATT.

LONDON, 1984.

CMALISAU ME II Romances KYNG ALISAUNDER, VOL. I.


ED. G. V. SMITHERS.

LONDON, 1952.

CMANCRE ME I Religious treatises ANCRENE WISSE.


ED. J. R. R. TOLKIEN.

LONDON, 1962.

CMASTRO ME III Handbooks: astronomy CHAUCER, GEOFFREY.

A TREATISE ON THE ASTROLABE.

THE RIVERSIDE CHAUCER.

THIRD EDITION.

GENERAL EDITOR L. D. BENSON.

BASED ON THE WORKS OF GEOFFREY CHAUCER,

EDITED BY F. N. ROBINSON.

BOSTON: HOUGHTON MIFFLIN COMPANY, 1987.

CMAYENBI ME II Religious treatises MICHEL, DAN.

DAN MICHEL'S AYENBITE OF INWYT

OR REMORSE OF CONSCIENCE, VOL. I.


ED. R. MORRIS AND P. GRADON.

LONDON, 1965 (1866).

CMBENRUL ME III Rules THE BENEDICTINE RULE.

THREE MIDDLE-ENGLISH VERSIONS OF THE RULE

OF ST. BENET AND TWO CONTEMPORARY RITUALS

FOR THE ORDINATION OF NUNS.


ED. E. A. KOCK.

LONDON, 1902.

CMBESTIA ME II Religious treatises A BESTIARY.

AN OLD ENGLISH MISCELLANY CONTAINING

A BESTIARY, KENTISH SERMONS, PROVERBS

OF ALFRED, RELIGIOUS POEMS OF

THE THIRTEENTH CENTURY.


ED. R. MORRIS.

LONDON, 1872.

CMBEVIS ME II Romances THE ROMANCE OF SIR BEUES OF HAMTOUN,

VOLS. I-III.

EARLY ENGLISH TEXT SOCIETY, E.S. 46, 48, 65.

ED. E. KOELBING.

NEW YORK, 1973 (1885-1894).

CMBODLEY ME I Homilies BODLEY HOMILIES.

TWELFTH-CENTURY HOMILIES IN MS. BODLEY 343,PART I.


ED. A. O. BELFOUR.

LONDON, 1962 (1909).

CMBOETH ME III Philosophy CHAUCER, GEOFFREY.

BOETHIUS.


THIRD EDITION.





CMBRUT1 ME I Religious treatises LAYAMON.

LAYAMON'S BRUT, VOLS. I, II.

EARLY ENGLISH TEXT SOCIETY, 250, 277.

ED. G. L. BROOK AND R. F. LESLIE.

LONDON, 1963, 1978.

CMBRUT3 ME III History THE BRUT OR THE CHRONICLES OF ENGLAND,

PART I.


ED. F. W. D. BRIE.

LONDON, 1960 (1906).

CMCAPCHR ME IV History CAPGRAVE, JOHN.

CAPGRAVE'S CHRONICLE.

JOHN CAPGRAVE'S ABBREUIACION OF CRONICLES.


ED. P. J. LUCAS.

OXFORD, 1983.

Helsinki Corpus: Middle English texts

CMCAPSER ME IV Sermons CAPGRAVE, JOHN.

CAPGRAVE'S SERMON.

JOHN CAPGRAVE'S LIVES OF ST. AUGUSTINE AND

ST. GILBERT OF SEMPRINGHAM, AND A SERMON.


ED. J. J. MUNRO.

NEW YORK, 1971 (1910).

CMCAXPRO ME IV Prefaces CAXTON, WILLIAM.

THE PROLOGUES AND EPILOGUES

OF WILLIAM CAXTON.


ED. W. J. B. CROTCH.

LONDON, 1956 (1928).

CMCHAULI ME IV Science: medecine THE CYRURGIE OF GUY DE CHAULIAC.


ED. M. S. OGDEN.

LONDON, 1971.

CMCLOUD ME III Religious Treatises THE CLOUD OF UNKNOWING.

THE CLOUD OF UNKNOWING AND THE BOOK OF

PRIVY COUNSELLING.


ED. P. HODGSON.

LONDON, 1958 (1944).

CMCTPROS ME III Philosophy & Religious treatises & Fiction CHAUCER, GEOFFREY.

*THE TALE OF MELIBEE.

*THE PARSON'S TALE.


THIRD EDITION.





CMCTVERS ME III Fiction CHAUCER, GEOFFREY.

*THE WIFE OF BATH'S PROLOGUE.

*THE MERCHANT'S TALE.

*THE GENERAL PROLOGUE

TO THE CANTERBURY TALES.

*THE SUMMONER'S TALE.

*THE RIVERSIDE CHAUCER.

THIRD EDITION.





CMCURSOR ME III History CURSOR MUNDI.

EARLY ENGLISH TEXT SOCIETY, O.S. 57, 59, 62, 66, 68.

ED. R. MORRIS.

LONDON, 1874, 1875, 1876, 1877, 1878.

CMDIGBY ME IV Drama: mystery plays DIGBY PLAYS.

THE LATE MEDIEVAL RELIGIOUS PLAYS

OF BODLEIAN MSS DIGBY 133 AND E MUSEO 160.


ED. D. C. BAKER, J. L. MURPHY & L. B. HALL, JR.

OXFORD, 1982.

CMDOCU2 ME II Documents THE PROCLAMATION OF HENRY III.

EARLY MIDDLE ENGLISH TEXTS.

ED. B. DICKINS AND R. M. WILSON.

LONDON: BOWES & BOWES, 1956 (1951).

CMDOCU3 ME III Documents *TESTAMENTS AND WILLS, LONDON.

*USK, THOMAS. TEXT: APPEAL(S).

*JUDGEMENTS, LONDON.

*PROCLAMATIONS, LONDON.

*RETURNS, LONDON.

A BOOK OF LONDON ENGLISH 1384-1425.

ED. R. W. CHAMBERS AND M. DAUNT.

OXFORD: CLARENDON PRESS, 1967 (1931).

*PETITIONS (M3), LONDON.

1) AN ANTHOLOGY OF CHANCERY ENGLISH.

ED. J. H. FISHER, M. RICHARDSON AND J. L. FISHER.

KNOXVILLE: THE UNIVERSITY OF TENNESSEE

PRESS, 1984.

2) A BOOK OF LONDON ENGLISH 1384-1425.



CMDOCU4 ME IV Documents & Proceedings: depositions *DEPOSITIONS.

*INDENTURE.

*PETITIONS (M4), LONDON.

AN ANTHOLOGY OF CHANCERY ENGLISH.

ED. J. H. FISHER, M. RICHARDSON

AND J. L. FISHER.


PRESS, 1984.

CMEARLPS ME II Bible THE EARLIEST COMPLETE ENGLISH PROSE PSALTER.


ED. K. D. BUELBRING.

LONDON, 1891.

CMEDMUND ME IV Biography: lives THE LIFE OF ST. EDMUND.

MIDDLE ENGLISH RELIGIOUS PROSE.

YORK MEDIEVAL TEXTS.

ED. N. F. BLAKE.

LONDON: EDWARD ARNOLD, 1972.

CMEQUATO ME III Handbooks: astronomy THE EQUATORIE OF THE PLANETIS.

ED. D. J. PRICE.

CAMBRIDGE: CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS, 1955.

CMFITZJA ME IV Sermons FITZJAMES, RICHARD.

SERMO DIE LUNE IN EBDOMADA PASCHE.

WESTMINSTER, WYNKYN DE WORDE (1495?).

ED. F. JENKINSON (FACSIMILE).


CMFOXWO ME II Fiction THE FOX AND WOLF IN THE WELL.

MIDDLE ENGLISH HUMOROUS TALES IN VERSE.

ED. G. H. MCKNIGHT.

NEW YORK: GORDIAN PRESS, 1971 (1913).

CMGAYTRY ME IV Sermons GAYTRYGE, DAN JON.

DAN JON GAYTRYGE'S SERMON.

RELIGIOUS PIECES IN PROSE AND VERSE.


ED. G. G. PERRY.

NEW YORK, 1969 (1914).

CMGOWER ME III Fiction GOWER, JOHN.

*CONFESSIO AMANTIS.

THE ENGLISH WORKS OF JOHN GOWER, VOLS. I, II.

EARLY ENGLISH TEXT SOCIETY, E.S. 81, 82.

ED. G. C. MACAULAY.

LONDON, 1957 (1900), 1957 (1901).

*LETTER(S).

A BOOK OF LONDON ENGLISH 1384-1425.



*LETTER(S).



AND J. L. FISHER.


PRESS, 1984.

CMGREGOR ME IV History GREGORY, WILLIAM.

GREGORY'S CHRONICLE.

THE HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS OF A CITIZEN

OF LONDON IN THE FIFTEENTH CENTURY.

CAMDEN SOCIETY, N.S. XVII.

ED. J. GAIRDNER.

WESTMINSTER, 1876.

CMHALI ME I Religious treatises HALI MEIDHAD.

THE KATHERINE GROUP.

EDITED FROM MS. BODLEY 34.

BIBLIOTHEQUE DE LA FACULTE DE PHILOSOPHIE

ET LETTRES DE L'UNIVERSITE DE LIEGE, CCXV.

ED. S. T. R. O. D'ARDENNE.

PARIS: SOCIETE D'EDITION "LES BELLES

LETTRES", 1977.

CMHANSYN ME III Religious Treatises MANNYNG, ROBERT.

ROBERT OF BRUNNE'S "HANDLYNG SYNNE", PART I.


ED. F. J. FURNIVALL.

LONDON, 1901.

CMHAVELO ME II Romances HAVELOK.

ED. G. V. SMITHERS.

OXFORD: CLARENDON PRESS, 1987.

CMHILTON ME IV Religious Treatises HILTON, WALTER.

WALTER HILTON'S EIGHT CHAPTERS ON PERFECTION.

ED. F. KURIYAGAWA.

TOKYO: THE KEIO INSTITUTE OF CULTURAL

AND LINGUISTIC STUDIES, 1967.

CMHORN ME II Romances KING HORN.

KING HORN, FLORIZ AND BLAUNCHEFLUR,

THE ASSUMPTION OF OUR LADY, VOL. I.


ED. J. R. LUMBY AND G. H. MCKNIGHT.

LONDON, 1962 (1866).

CMHORSES ME III Handbooks: astronomy A LATE MIDDLE ENGLISH TREATISE ON HORSES.

STOCKHOLM STUDIES IN ENGLISH, XLVII.

ED. A. C. SVINHUFVUD.

STOCKHOLM: ALMQVIST & WIKSELL

INTERNATIONAL, 1978.

CMINNOCE ME IV Sermons IN DIE INNOCENCIUM.

TWO SERMONS PREACHED BY THE BOY BISHOP,

AT ST. PAUL'S TEMP. HENRY VII,

AND AT GLOUCESTER, TEMP. MARY.

CAMDEN SOCIETY MISCELLANY, VII.

CAMDEN SOCIETY, N.S. XIV.

ED. J. G. NICHOLS.

LONDON, 1875.

CMJULIA ME I Biography: lives JULIANE.







LETTRES", 1977.

CMJULNOR ME IV Religious Treatises JULIAN OF NORWICH.

JULIAN OF NORWICH'S REVELATIONS

OF DIVINE LOVE. THE SHORTER VERSION

ED. FROM B.L. ADD. MS 37790.

MIDDLE ENGLISH TEXTS.

ED. F. BEER.

HEIDELBERG: CARL WINTER

UNIVERSITAETSVERLAG, 1978.

CMKATHE ME I Biography: lives KATHERINE.







LETTRES", 1977.

CMKEMPE ME IV Religious Treatises KEMPE, MARGERY.

THE BOOK OF MARGERY KEMPE, VOL. I.


ED. S. B. MEECH AND H. E. ALLEN.

LONDON, 1940.

CMKENTSE ME II Homilies KENTISH SERMONS.

SELECTIONS FROM EARLY MIDDLE ENGLISH

1130-1250, PART I.

ED. J. HALL.


CMLAMBET ME I Homilies LAMBETH HOMILIES.

OLD ENGLISH HOMILIES AND HOMILETIC

TREATISES... OF THE TWELFTH AND THIRTEENTH CENTURIES.

FIRST SERIES.


ED. R. MORRIS.

NEW YORK, 1969 (1868).

CMLAW ME IV Law STATUTES (II).

THE STATUTES OF THE REALM.

PRINTED BY COMMAND OF HIS MAJESTY

KING GEORGE THE THIRD IN PURSUANCE

OF AN ADDRESS OF THE HOUSE OF COMMONS

OF GREAT BRITAIN, VOL. II.

LONDON: DAWSONS OF PALL MALL, 1963 (1816).

CMLUDUS ME IV Drama: mystery plays LUDUS COVENTRIAE OR THE PLAIE CALLED

CORPUS CHRISTI. COTTON MS. VESPASIAN D. VIII.

EARLY ENGLISH TEXT SOCIETY, E.S. 120.

ED. K. S. BLOCK.

LONDON, 1960 (1922).

CMMALORY ME IV Romances MALORY, THOMAS.

MORTE DARTHUR.

THE WORKS OF SIR THOMAS MALORY.

ED. E. VINAVER.


CMMANDEV ME III Travelogue MANDEVILLE'S TRAVELS,

TRANSLATED FROM THE FRENCH

OF JEAN D'OUTREMEUSE, VOL. I.

THE EARLY ENGLISH TEXT SOCIETY, O.S. 153.

ED. P. HAMELIUS.

LONDON, 1919.

CMMANKIN ME IV Drama: mystery plays MANKIND.

THE MACRO PLAYS.


ED. M. ECCLES.

LONDON, 1969.

CMMARGA ME I Biography: lives MARGARETE.







LETTRES", 1977.

CMMETHAM ME IV Handbooks: medecine METHAM, JOHN.

*DAYS OF THE MOON.

*PHYSIOGNOMY.

THE WORKS OF JOHN METHAM INCLUDING

THE ROMANCE OF AMORYUS AND CLEOPES.


ED. H. CRAIG.

LONDON, 1916.

CMMIRK ME IV Sermons MIRK, JOHN.

MIRK'S FESTIAL: A COLLECTION OF HOMILIES,

BY JOHANNES MIRKUS (JOHN MIRK), PART I.


ED. T. ERBE.

LONDON, 1905.

CMMOON ME II Fiction MAN IN THE MOON.

EARLY MIDDLE ENGLISH VERSE AND PROSE.

ED. J. A. W. BENNETT AND G. V. SMITHERS.


CMNORHOM ME III Homilies HE NORTHERN HOMILY CYCLE, PARTS II, III.

THE EXPANDED VERSION IN MSS HARLEY 4196

AND COTTON TIBERIUS E VII.

SOCIETE NEOPHILOLOGIQUE DE HELSINKI, 41, 43.

ED. S. NEVANLINNA.

HELSINKI: SOCIETE NEOPHILOLOGIQUE, 1973, 1984.

CMNTEST ME III Bible THE NEW TESTAMENT.

THE NEW TESTAMENT IN ENGLISH ACCORDING

TO THE VERSION BY JOHN WYCLIFFE ABOUT

A. D. 1380 AND REVISED BY JOHN PURVEY

ABOUT A. D. 1388.

ED. J. FORSHALL AND F. MADDEN.


CMOFFIC3 ME III Letters: non private HENRY V.

LETTER(S).



AND J. L. FISHER.


PRESS, 1984.

CMOFFIC4 ME IV Letters: non private PASTON, WILLIAM.

LETTER(S).

PASTON LETTERS AND PAPERS OF THE FIFTEENTH

CENTURY, PART I.

ED. N. DAVIS.


CMORM ME I Homilies ORM.

THE ORMULUM, VOLS. I-II.

WITH THE NOTES AND GLOSSARY OF R. M. WHITE.

ED. R. HOLT.


CMOTEST ME III Bible THE OLD TESTAMENT.

THE HOLY BIBLE, CONTAINING THE OLD AND NEW

TESTAMENTS, WITH THE APOCRYPHAL BOOKS,

IN THE EARLIEST ENGLISH VERSIONS

MADE FROM THE LATIN VULGATE BY JOHN

WYCLIFFE AND HIS FOLLOWERS, VOL. I.


OXFORD: UNIVERSITY PRESS, 1850.

CMPERIDI ME I Handbooks: medecine PERI DIDAXEON.

LEECHDOMS, WORTCUNNING, AND STARCRAFT

OF EARLY ENGLAND, VOL. III.

ROLLS SERIES, 35.

ED. O. COCKAYNE.

LONDON, 1866.

CMPETERB ME I Religious treatises THE PETERBOROUGH CHRONICLE, 1070-1154.

ED. C. CLARK.


CMPHLEBO ME III Science: medecine A LATIN TECHNICAL PHLEBOTOMY AND

ITS MIDDLE ENGLISH TRANSLATION.

TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN PHILOSOPHICAL

SOCIETY, 74, PART 2.

ED. L. E. VOIGTS AND M. R. MCVAUGH.

PHILADELPHIA, 1984.

CMPOEMH ME II History HPOEM3 d. c1325

HPOEM4 d. c1325 (1307)

HPOEM5 d. c1325 (c1307)

HISTORICAL POEMS (HARLEY 2253).

HISTORICAL POEMS OF THE XIVTH

AND XVTH CENTURIES.

ED. R. H. ROBBINS.


CMPOEMS ME II Verse/Undefined *SATIRE ON THE RETINUES OF THE GREAT.

*SATIRE ON THE CONSISTORY COURTS.

*SONG OF THE HUSBANDMAN.

HISTORICAL POEMS OF THE XIVTH

AND XVTH CENTURIES.

ED. R. H. ROBBINS.


CMPOLYCH ME III History TREVISA, JOHN.

POLYCHRONICON RANULPHI HIGDEN,

MONACHI CESTRENSIS, VOLS. VI, VIII.

ENGLISH TRANSLATIONS OF JOHN TREVISA AND OF

AN UNKNOWN WRITER OF THE FIFTEENTH CENTURY.

ROLLS SERIES, 41.

ED. J. R. LUMBY.

LONDON, 1876, 1882.

CMPRICK ME III Religious Treatises THE PRICKE OF CONSCIENCE (STIMULUS CONSCIENTIAE).

ED. R. MORRIS.

BERLIN: A. ASHER & CO., 1863.

CMPRIV ME IV Letters: private STONOR, ELIZABETH.

LETTER(S).

THE STONOR LETTERS AND PAPERS, 1290-1483,

VOL. II.

CAMDEN SOCIETY, THIRD SERIES, XXX.

ED. C. L. KINGSFORD.

LONDON, 1919.

CMPURVEY ME III Religious Treatises PURVEY, JOHN.

THE PROLOGUE TO THE BIBLE.

THE HOLY BIBLE, CONTAINING THE OLD AND NEW

TESTAMENTS, WITH THE APOCRYPHAL BOOKS,

IN THE EARLIEST ENGLISH VERSIONS

MADE FROM THE LATIN VULGATE BY JOHN

WYCLIFFE AND HIS FOLLOWERS, VOL. I.


OXFORD: UNIVERSITY PRESS, 1850.

CMREYNAR ME IV Fiction CAXTON, WILLIAM.

THE HISTORY OF REYNARD THE FOX.

TRANSLATED FROM THE DUTCH ORIGINAL

BY WILLIAM CAXTON.


ED. N. F. BLAKE.

LONDON, 1970.

CMREYNES ME IV Handbooks: medecine REYNES, ROBERT.

THE COMMONPLACE BOOK OF ROBERT REYNES

OF ACLE. AN EDITION OF TANNER MS 407.

GARLAND MEDIEVAL TEXTS, 1.

ED. C. LOUIS.

NEW YORK AND LONDON: GARLAND PUBLISHING, INC., 1980.

CMROBGLO ME II History ROBERT OF GLOUCESTER.

THE METRICAL CHRONICLE OF

ROBERT OF GLOUCESTER, PART II.

ROLLS SERIES, 86.

ED. W. A. WRIGHT.

LONDON, 1887.

CMROLLBE ME IV Religious Treatises ROLLE, RICHARD.

THE BEE AND THE STORK.

A HANDBOOK OF MIDDLE ENGLISH.

ED. F. MOSSE.

TRANSLATED BY J. A. WALKER.

BALTIMORE: THE JOHNS HOPKINS PRESS, 1952.

CMROLLPS ME IV Religious Treatises & Bible ROLLE, RICHARD.

THE PSALTER OR PSALMS OF DAVID.

THE PSALTER OR PSALMS OF DAVID AND CERTAIN

CANTICLES WITH A TRANSLATION AND EXPOSITION

IN ENGLISH BY RICHARD ROLLE OF HAMPOLE.

ED. H. R. BRAMLEY.


CMROLLTR ME IV Religious Treatises ROLLE, RICHARD.

PROSE TREATISES.

ENGLISH PROSE TREATISES OF RICHARD ROLLE

DE HAMPOLE.


ED. G. G. PERRY.

LONDON, 1921 (1866).

CMROOD ME I Religious treatises HISTORY OF THE HOLY ROOD-TREE.


ED. A. S. NAPIER.

LONDON, 1894.

CMROYAL ME IV Sermons MIDDLE ENGLISH SERMONS, EDITED FROM

BRITISH MUSEUM MS. ROYAL 18 B. XXIII.


ED. W. O. ROSS.

LONDON, 1940.

CMSAWLES ME I Homilies SAWLES WARDE.






PARIS: SOCIETE D'EDITION "LES BELLES LETTRES", 1977.

CMSELEG ME II Biography, lives THE LIFE OF ST. EDMUND.

THE EARLY SOUTH-ENGLISH LEGENDARY

OR LIVES OF SAINTS.


ED. C. HORSTMANN.

LONDON, 1887.

CMSIEGE ME IV Romances THE SIEGE OF JERUSALEM IN PROSE.

MEMOIRES DE LA SOCIETE NEOPHILOLOGIQUE

DE HELSINKI, XXXIV.

ED. A. KURVINEN.

HELSINKI: SOCIETE NEOPHILOLOGIQUE, 1969.

CMSIRITH ME II Fiction *DAME SIRITH.

*INTERLUDE. (APPENDIX TO DAME SIRITH).

MIDDLE ENGLISH HUMOROUS TALES IN VERSE.

ED. G. H. MCKNIGHT.

NEW YORK: GORDIAN PRESS, 1971 (1913).

CMTHORN ME IV Handbooks: medecine THE `LIBER DE DIVERSIS MEDICINIS'

IN THE THORNTON MANUSCRIPT (MS. LINCOLN

CATHEDRAL A.5.2.).


ED. M. S. OGDEN.

LONDON, 1938.

CMTHRUSH ME II Fiction THE THRUSH AND THE NIGHTINGALE.

ENGLISH LYRICS OF THE XIIITH CENTURY.

ED. C. BROWN.


CMTOWNEL ME IV Drama: mystery plays THE WAKEFIELD PAGEANTS

IN THE TOWNELEY CYCLE.

OLD AND MIDDLE ENGLISH TEXTS.

ED. A. C. CAWLEY.

MANCHESTER: THE MANCHESTER

UNIVERSITY PRESS, 1958.

CMTRINIT ME I Homilies TRINITY HOMILIES.

OLD ENGLISH HOMILIES OF THE TWELFTH CENTURY.

SECOND SERIES.


ED. R. MORRIS.

LONDON, 1873.

CMVESHOM ME I Philosophy & Homilies VESPASIAN HOMILIES.

EARLY ENGLISH HOMILIES FROM

THE TWELFTH CENTURY MS. VESP. D. XIV.


ED. R. D-N. WARNER.

NEW YORK, 1971 (1917).

CMVICES1 ME I Religious treatises VICES AND VIRTUES.

PART I.


ED. F. HOLTHAUSEN.

LONDON, 1888.

CMVICES4 ME IV Religious Treatises THE BOOK OF VICES AND VIRTUES. A FOURTEENTH

CENTURY ENGLISH TRANSLATION OF

THE SOMME LE ROI OF LORENS D'ORLEANS.


ED. W. N. FRANCIS.

LONDON, 1942.

CMWYCSER ME III Sermons ENGLISH WYCLIFFITE SERMONS, VOL. I.

ED. A. HUDSON.


CMYORK ME IV Drama: mystery plays THE YORK PLAYS.

ED. R. BEADLE.

LONDON: EDWARD ARNOLD LTD, 1982.


CEAUTO1 EModE I Biography: autobiography MOWNTAYNE, THOMAS.

THE AUTOBIOGRAPHY OF THOMAS

MOWNTAYNE.

NARRATIVES OF THE DAYS OF THE REFORMATION,

CHIEFLY FROM THE MANUSCRIPTS OF JOHN FOXE

THE MARTYROLOGIST.

CAMDEN SOCIETY, LXXVII.

ED. J. G. NICHOLS.

LONDON, 1859.

CEAUTO2 EModE II Biography: autobiography FORMAN, SIMON.

THE AUTOBIOGRAPHY AND PERSONAL DIARY

OF DR. SIMON FORMAN, THE CELEBRATED

ASTROLOGER, FROM A. D. 1552, TO A. D. 1602.

ED. J. O. HALLIWELL.

LONDON: PRIVATELY PRINTED, 1849.

CEAUTO3 EModE III Biography: autobiography FOX, GEORGE.

THE JOURNAL OF GEORGE FOX.

ED. N. PENNEY, WITH AN INTRODUCTION

BY T. E. HARVEY.


CEBIO1 EModE I Biography: autobiography ROPER, WILLIAM.

THE LYFE OF SIR THOMAS MOORE, KNIGHTE,

WRITTEN BY WILLIAM ROPER, ESQUIRE,

WHICHE MARIED MARGREAT, DAUGHTER OF

THE SAYED THOMAS MOORE.


ED. E. V. HITCHCOCK.

LONDON, 1958 (1935).

CEBIO2 EModE II Biography: other PERROTT (?), JOHN.

THE HISTORY OF THAT MOST EMINENT

STATESMAN, SIR JOHN PERROTT, KNIGHT

OF THE BATH, AND LORD LIEUTENANT

OF IRELAND.

ED. R. RAWLINSON.

LONDON, 1728.

CEBIO3 EModE III Biography: autobiography BURNET, GILBERT.

SOME PASSAGES OF THE LIFE AND DEATH

OF THE RIGHT HONOURABLE JOHN, EARL OF

ROCHESTER, WHO DIED THE 26TH OF JULY, 1680.

WRITTEN BY HIS OWN DIRECTION ON HIS

DEATH-BED, BY GILBERT BURNET, D. D.

LONDON, 1680.

MENSTON: THE SCOLAR PRESS,

1972 (FACSIMILE).

CEBOETH1 EModE I Philosophy COLVILLE, GEORGE.

BOETHIUS.

BOETHIUS' CONSOLATION OF PHILOSOPHY,

TRANSLATED FROM THE LATIN BY

GEORGE COLVILLE, 1556.

THE TUDOR LIBRARY, V.

ED. E. B. BAX.

LONDON: DAVID NUTT, 1897.

CEBOETH2 EModE II Philosophy ELIZABETH I.

BOETHIUS.

QUEEN ELIZABETH'S ENGLISHINGS OF BOETHIUS,

DE CONSOLATIONE PHILOSOPHIAE, A. D. 1593,

PLUTARCH, DE CURIOSITATE,

HORACE, DE ARTE POETICA (PART), A. D. 1598.


ED. C. PEMBERTON.

LONDON, 1899.

CEBOETH3 EModE III Philosophy PRESTON, RICHARD LORD VISCOUNT.

BOETHIUS.

ANICIUS MANLIUS SEVERINUS BOETIUS,

OF THE CONSOLATION OF PHILOSOPHY,

IN FIVE BOOKS.

MADE ENGLISH AND ILLUSTRATED WITH NOTES,

BY THE RIGHT HONOURABLE

RICHARD LORD VISCOUNT PRESTON.

LONDON, PRINTED BY J. D. FOR AWNSHAM

AND JOHN CHURCHILL, AT THE BLACK SWAN

IN PATER-NOSTER ROW; AND FRANCIS HILDYARD

BOOKSELLER IN YORK, 1695.

CEDIAR1A EModE I Diaries MACHYN, HENRY.

THE DIARY OF HENRY MACHYN, CITIZEN

AND MERCHANT-TAYLOR OF LONDON,

FROM A. D. 1550 TO A. D. 1563.

CAMDEN SOCIETY, XLII.

ED. J. G. NICHOLS.

LONDON: J. B. NICHOLS AND SON, 1848.

Helsinki Corpus: Early Modern English texts

CEDIAR1B EModE I Diaries EDWARD VI.

THE DIARY OF EDWARD VI.

LITERARY REMAINS OF KING EDWARD

THE SIXTH, VOL. II.

BURT FRANKLIN RESEARCH & SOURCE

WORKS SERIES, 51.

ED. J. G. NICHOLS.

NEW YORK, 1963 (1857).

CEDIAR2A EModE II Diaries MADOX, RICHARD.

AN ELIZABETHAN IN 1582: THE DIARY OF

RICHARD MADOX, FELLOW OF ALL SOULS.

ED. E. S. DONNO.

LONDON: HAKLUYT SOCIETY, 1976.

CEDIAR2B EModE II Diaries HOBY, MARGARET.

DIARY OF LADY MARGARET HOBY, 1599-1605.

ED. D. M. MEADS.

LONDON: GEORGE ROUTLEDGE & SONS, LTD., 1930.

CEDIAR3A EModE III Diaries PEPYS, SAMUEL.

THE DIARY OF SAMUEL PEPYS, VII (1666);

VIII (1667).

ED. R. LATHAM AND W. MATTHEWS.

LONDON: G. BELL AND SONS, 1972; 1974.

CEDIAR3B EModE III Diaries EVELYN, JOHN.

THE DIARY OF JOHN EVELYN.

ED. E. S. DE BEER.

LONDON, NEW YORK, TORONTO:

OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS, 1959.

CEEDUC1A EModE I Educational Treatises ELYOT, THOMAS.

THE BOKE NAMED THE GOUERNOUR (1531).

EVERYMAN'S LIBRARY EDITED BY E. RHYS.

WITH AN INTRODUCTION BY F. WATSON.

LONDON AND NEW YORK: J. M. DENT & CO.

AND E. P. DUTTON & CO., 1907.

CEEDUC1B EModE I Educational Treatises ASCHAM, ROGER.

THE SCHOLEMASTER.

WRITTEN BETWEEN 1563-8. POSTHUMOUSLY

PUBLISHED. FIRST EDITION, 1570;

COLLATED WITH THE SECOND EDITION, 1571.

ENGLISH REPRINTS.

ED. E. ARBER.

LONDON, 1870.

CEEDUC2A EModE II Educational Treatises BRINSLEY, JOHN.

LUDUS LITERARIUS OR THE GRAMMAR

SCHOOLE (1627).

ED. E. T. CAMPAGNAC.

LIVERPOOL: UNIVERSITY PRESS

AND LONDON: CONSTABLE & CO. LTD., 1917.

CEEDUC2B EModE II Educational Treatises BACON, FRANCIS.

THE TWOO BOOKES OF THE PROFICIENCE

AND ADVANCEMENT OF LEARNING (1605).

ENGLISH EXPERIENCE, 218.

AMSTERDAM: THEATRVM ORBIS TERRARVM LTD.

AND NEW YORK: DA CAPO PRESS, 1970 (FACSIMILE).

CEEDUC3A EModE III Educational Treatises LOCKE, JOHN.

DIRECTIONS CONCERNING EDUCATION.

ED. F. G. KENYON.

OXFORD: THE ROXBURGHE CLUB, 1933.

CEEDUC3B EModE III Educational Treatises HOOLE, CHARLES.

A NEW DISCOVERY OF THE OLD ART

OF TEACHING SCHOOLE (1660).

ENGLISH LINGUISTICS 1500-1800, 133.

ED. R. C. ALSTON (FACSIMILE).

MENSTON: THE SCOLAR PRESS LIMITED, 1969.

CEFICT1A EModE I Fiction A HUNDRED MERY TALYS, FROM THE ONLY

PERFECT COPY KNOWN.

SHAKESPEARE'S JEST BOOK.

ED. H. OESTERLEY.

LONDON: JOHN RUSSELL SMITH, 1866.

CEFICT1B EModE I Fiction HARMAN, THOMAS.

A CAVEAT OR WARENING FOR COMMEN

CURSETORS VULGARELY CALLED VAGABONES.

FROM THE 3RD EDITION OF 1567...

COLLATED WITH THE 2ND EDITION OF 1567

IN THE BODLEIAN LIBRARY, OXFORD,

AND WITH THE REPRINT OF THE 4TH EDITION

OF 1573.


ED. E. VILES & F. J. FURNIVALL.

LONDON, 1937 (1869, 1898).

CEFICT2A EModE II Fiction ARMIN, ROBERT.

A NEST OF NINNIES.

FOOLS AND JESTERS: WITH A REPRINT OF

ROBERT ARMIN'S NEST OF NINNIES, 1608.

LONDON: THE SHAKESPEARE SOCIETY, 1842.

CEFICT2B EModE II Fiction DELONEY, THOMAS.

JACK OF NEWBURY (1619).

THE NOVELS OF THOMAS DELONEY.

ED. M. E. LAWLIS.

BLOOMINGTON: INDIANA UNIVERSITY PRESS, 1961.

CEFICT3A EModE III Fiction PENNY MERRIMENTS.

SAMUEL PEPYS' PENNY MERRIMENTS.

ED. R. THOMPSON.

LONDON: CONSTABLE AND COMPANY LIMITED, 1976.

CEFICT3B EModE III Fiction BEHN, APHRA.

OROONOKO.

SHORTER NOVELS: SEVENTEENTH CENTURY.

ORNATUS & ARTESIA, OROONOKO, ISLE OF PINES,

INCOGNITA.

ED. P. HENDERSON.

LONDON: J. M. DENT & SONS LTD.

AND NEW YORK: E. P. DUTTON & CO. INC., 1960.

CEHAND1A EModE I Handbooks: other FITZHERBERT.

THE BOOK OF HUSBANDRY (1534).

ENGLISH DIALECT SOCIETY, 37.

ED. W. W. SKEAT.

VADUZ: KRAUS REPRINT LTD., 1965 (1882).

CEHAND1B EModE I Handbooks: other TURNER, WILLIAM.

A NEW BOKE OF THE NATURES AND

PROPERTIES OF ALL WINES (1568).

A BOOK OF WINES.

EDS. S. V. LARKEY AND P. M. WAGNER (FACSIMILE).

NEW YORK: SCHOLARS' FACSIMILES & REPRINTS, 1941.

CEHAND2A EModE II Handbooks: other GIFFORD, GEORGE.

A HANDBOOK ON WITCHES

AND WITCHCRAFT.

A DIALOGUE CONCERNING WITCHES

AND WITCHCRAFTES, 1593.

SHAKESPEARE ASSOCIATION FACSIMILES, 1.

WITH AN INTRODUCTION BY B. WHITE.

LONDON: HUMPHREY MILFORD AND


CEHAND2B EModE II Handbooks: other MARKHAM, GERVASE.

COUNTREY CONTENTMENTS, 1615.

THE ENGLISH EXPERIENCE, 613.

AMSTERDAM: THEATRVM ORBIS TERRARVM

LTD. AND NEW YORK: DA CAPO PRESS

INC., 1973 (FACSIMILE).

CEHAND3A EModE III Handbooks: other WALTON, IZAAK.

THE COMPLEAT ANGLER, 1653-1676.

ED. J. BEVAN.


CEHAND3B EModE III Handbooks: other LANGFORD, T.

PLAIN AND FULL INSTRUCTIONS TO RAISE ALL

SORTS OF FRUIT-TREES THAT PROSPER IN ENGLAND.

LONDON: R. CHISWELL, 1699.

CEHIST1A EModE I History MORE, THOMAS.

THE HISTORY OF KING RICHARD III.

THE COMPLETE WORKS OF ST. THOMAS MORE,

VOL. II.

ED. R. S. SYLVESTER.

NEW HAVEN AND LONDON: YALE UNIVERSITY

PRESS, 1963.

CEHIST1B EModE I History FABYAN, ROBERT.

THE NEW CHRONICLES OF ENGLAND AND FRANCE.

LONDON: PYNSON, 1516.

CEHIST2A EModE II History STOW, JOHN.

THE CHRONICLES OF ENGLAND FROM BRUTE

UNTO THIS PRESENT YEARE OF CHRIST.

LONDON: PRINTED BY RALPHE NEWBERIE, 1580.

CEHIST2B EModE II History HAYWARD, SIR JOHN.

ANNALS OF THE FIRST FOUR YEARS OF

THE REIGN OF QUEEN ELIZABETH.

CAMDEN SOCIETY, VII.

ED. J. BRUCE.

LONDON, 1840.

CEHIST3A EModE III History BURNET, GILBERT.

BURNET'S HISTORY OF MY OWN TIME.

PART I: THE REIGN OF CHARLES THE SECOND,

VOLS. I-II.

ED. O. AIRY.

OXFORD: CLARENDON PRESS, 1897, 1900.

CEHIST3B EModE III History MILTON, JOHN.

THE HISTORY OF BRITAIN, THAT PART ESPECIALLY

NOW CALL'D ENGLAND (1670).

THE WORKS OF JOHN MILTON, VOL. X.

ED. G. P. KRAPP.


CELAW1 EModE I Law STATUTES (III).





OF GREAT BRITAIN, VOL. III.


CELAW2 EModE II Law STATUTES (IV).





OF GREAT BRITAIN, VOL. IV.


CELAW3 EModE III Law STATUTES (VII).





OF GREAT BRITAIN, VOL. VII.


CENTEST1 EModE I Bible THE NEW TESTAMENT.

THE NEW TESTAMENT.

TRANSLATED BY WILLIAM TYNDALE, 1534.

ED. N. H. WALLIS, WITH AN INTRODUCTION

BY I. FOOT.


CENTEST2 EModE II Bible THE NEW TESTAMENT.

THE HOLY BIBLE.

AN EXACT REPRINT IN ROMAN TYPE, PAGE

FOR PAGE OF THE AUTHORIZED VERSION

PUBLISHED IN THE YEAR 1611.

WITH AN INTRODUCTION BY A. W. POLLARD.

LONDON, OXFORD, NEW YORK: HENRY FROWDE

AND OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS, 1911.

CEOFFIC1 EModE I Letters: non-private *BEDYLL, THOMAS.

*HENRY VIII.

*CROMWELL, THOMAS.

*MORE, THOMAS.

*HOWARD, THOMAS.

*TUNSTALL, CUTHBERT.

*LETTER(S).

*A LETTER BY THE LORDS OF THE COUNCIL.

ORIGINAL LETTERS, ILLUSTRATIVE OF ENGLISH

HISTORY; INCLUDING NUMEROUS ROYAL LETTERS.

THIRD SERIES, VOL. I.

ED. H. ELLIS.

LONDON: RICHARD BENTLEY, 1846.

*WOLSEY, THOMAS.

LETTER(S).



SECOND SERIES, VOL. II.

ED. H. ELLIS.

LONDON: HARDING AND LEPARD, 1827.

CEOFFIC2 EModE II Letters: non-private *CECIL, ROBERT.

*EDMONDES, THOMAS.

*ELIZABETH I.

LETTER(S).

THE EDMONDES PAPERS. A SELECTION

FROM THE CORRESPONDENCE OF SIR THOMAS

EDMONDES, ENVOY FROM QUEEN ELIZABETH

AT THE FRENCH COURT.

ED. G. G. BUTLER.

LONDON: J. B. NICHOLS AND SONS,

*A LETTER BY THE FELLOWS

OF TRINITY COLLEGE.



SECOND EDITION, VOL. III.

ED. H. ELLIS.

LONDON: HARDING, TRIPHOOK, AND LEPARD, 1825.

*CONWAY, EDWARD.

LETTER(S).




ED. H. ELLIS.


CEOFFIC3 EModE III Letters: non-private *OSBORNE, THOMAS.

*AUNGIER, FRANCIS.

*CAPEL, ARTHUR.

LETTER(S).

SELECTIONS FROM THE CORRESPONDENCE OF

ARTHUR CAPEL EARL OF ESSEX 1675-1677.

CAMDEN THIRD SERIES, XXIV.

ED. C. E. PIKE.

LONDON, 1913.

*SOMERS, JOHN.

*SPENCER, ROBERT.

LETTER(S).



THIRD SERIES, VOL. IV.

ED. H. ELLIS.


*|CHARLES II.

LETTER(S).

ESSEX PAPERS, VOL. I (1672-1679).

CAMDEN SOCIETY, N.S. XLVII.

ED. O. AIRY.

WESTMINSTER, 1890.

*A LETTER BY THE COMMISSIONERS

OF CUSTOMS.

ESSEX PAPERS, VOL. I (1672-1679).

CAMDEN SOCIETY, N.S. XLVII.

ED. O. AIRY.

WESTMINSTER, 1890.

*A LETTER BY THE PRIVY COUNCIL.




ED. H. ELLIS.


CEOTEST1 EModE I Bible THE OLD TESTAMENT.

WILLIAM TYNDALE'S FIVE BOOKS OF MOSES

CALLED THE PENTATEUCH, BEING A VERBATIM

REPRINT OF THE EDITION OF M.CCCCC.XXX.

COMPS. J. I. MOMBERT AND F. F. BRUCE.

FONTWELL AND SUSSEX: CENTAUR PRESS LTD.,

1967.

CEOTEST2 EModE II Bible THE OLD TESTAMENT.

THE HOLY BIBLE.

AN EXACT REPRINT IN ROMAN TYPE, PAGE

FOR PAGE OF THE AUTHORIZED VERSION

PUBLISHED IN THE YEAR 1611.

WITH AN INTRODUCTION BY A. W. POLLARD.

LONDON, OXFORD, NEW YORK: HENRY FROWDE

AND OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS, 1911.

CEPLAY1A EModE I Drama: comedies UDALL, NICHOLAS.

ROISTER DOISTER.

THE MALONE SOCIETY REPRINTS.

LONDON: JOHN JOHNSON AND

OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS,

1934 (1935) (FACSIMILE).

CEPLAY1B EModE I Drama: comedies STEVENSON (?), WILLIAM.

GAMMER GVRTONS NEDLE.

BY MR. S. MR. OF ART.

THE PERCY REPRINTS, 2.

ED. H. F. B. BRETT-SMITH.

OXFORD: BASIL BLACKWELL, 1920.

CEPLAY2A EModE II Drama: comedies SHAKESPEARE, WILLIAM.

THE MERRY WIVES OF WINDSOR.

MR. WILLIAM SHAKESPEARES COMEDIES,

HISTORIES, & TRAGEDIES.

A FACSIMILE EDITION PREPARED BY H. KOEKERITZ,

WITH AN INTRODUCTION BY C. T. PROUTY.

LONDON: GEOFFREY CUMBERLEGE AND OXFORD

UNIVERSITY PRESS AND NEW HAVEN: YALE

UNIVERSITY PRESS, 1955.

CEPLAY2B EModE II Drama: comedies MIDDLETON, THOMAS.

A CHASTE MAID IN CHEAPSIDE, 1630.

MENSTON: THE SCOLAR PRESS LIMITED,

1969 (FACSIMILE).

CEPLAY3A EModE III Drama: comedies VANBRUGH, JOHN.

THE RELAPSE.

THE COMPLETE WORKS OF SIR JOHN VANBRUGH,

VOL. I.

ED. B. DOBREE AND G. WEBB.

BLOOMSBURY: THE NONESUCH PRESS, 1927.

CEPLAY3B EModE III Drama: comedies FARQUHAR, GEORGE.

THE BEAUX STRATAGEM, 1707.

MENSTON: THE SCOLAR PRESS,

1972 (FACSIMILE).

CEPRIV1 EModE I Letters: private *PLUMPTON, AGNES.

*PLUMPTON, DOROTHY.

*BEAUMONT, ELIZABETH.

*CUMBERLAND, ELEANOR.

*PLUMPTON, ROBERT.

*PLUMPTON, WILLIAM.

*PLUMPTON, ISABEL.

LETTER(S).

PLUMPTON CORRESPONDENCE. A SERIES

OF LETTERS, CHIEFLY DOMESTICK,

WRITTEN IN THE REIGNS OF EDWARD IV.

RICHARD III. HENRY VII. AND HENRY VIII.

CAMDEN SOCIETY, IV.

ED. T. STAPLETON.

LONDON, 1839.

*CROMWELL, GREGORY.

LETTER(S).



THIRD SERIES, VOL. I.

ED. H. ELLIS.


*SCROPE, KATHERINE.

LETTER(S).

CLIFFORD LETTERS OF THE SIXTEENTH CENTURY.

SURTEES SOCIETY, CLXXII.

ED. A. G. DICKENS.

DURHAM AND LONDON, 1962.

*MORE, THOMAS.

*ROPER, MARGARET.

LETTER(S).

THE CORRESPONDENCE OF SIR THOMAS MORE.

ED. E. F. ROGERS.

PRINCETON: PRINCETON UNIVERSITY PRESS, 1947.

CEPRIV2 EModE II Letters: private FERRAR, NICHOLAS.

FERRAR, RICHARD.

LETTER(S).

THE FERRAR PAPERS, CONTAINING A LIFE

OF NICHOLAS FERRAR, THE WINDING-SHEET

(AN ASCETIC DIALOGUE), A COLLECTION

OF SHORT MORAL HISTORIES, A SELECTION

OF FAMILY LETTERS.

ED. B. BLACKSTONE.


*PETTIT, VALENTINE.

*PEYTON, MARY.

*PROUD, MARY.

*OXINDEN, RICHARD.

*OXINDEN, KATHERINE.

LETTER(S).

THE OXINDEN LETTERS 1607-1642.

BEING THE CORRESPONDENCE OF HENRY OXINDEN

OF BARHAM AND HIS CIRCLE.

ED. D. GARDINER.

LONDON: CONSTABLE & CO. LTD., 1933.

*BARRINGTON, THOMAS.

*EVERARD, JOAN.

*MASHAM, ELIZABETH.

LETTER(S).

BARRINGTON FAMILY LETTERS, 1628-1632.

CAMDEN FOURTH SERIES, 28.

ED. A. SEARLE.

LONDON, 1983.

*PASTON, WILLIAM.

*PASTON, KATHERINE.

LETTER(S).

THE CORRESPONDENCE OF LADY KATHERINE

PASTON, 1603-1627.

NORFOLK RECORD SOCIETY, XIV.

ED. R. HUGHEY

LONDON: NORFOLK RECORD SOCIETY, 1941.

*GAWDY, PHILIP.

LETTER(S).

LETTERS OF PHILIP GAWDY OF WEST HARLING,

NORFOLK, AND OF LONDON TO VARIOUS MEMBERS

OF HIS FAMILY, 1579-1616.

ED. I. H. JEAYES.

LONDON: J. B. NICHOLS AND SONS, 1906.

*HARLEY, BRILLIANA.

LETTER(S).

LETTERS OF THE LADY BRILLIANA HARLEY,

WIFE OF SIR ROBERT HARLEY, OF BRAMPTON

BRYAN, KNIGHT OF THE BATH.

CAMDEN SOCIETY, LVIII.

CEPRIV3 EModE III Letters: private *HATTON, FRANCES.

*HATTON, ALICE.

*HATTON, ANNE.

*HATTON, CHARLES.

*HATTON, ELIZABETH.

LETTER(S).

CORRESPONDENCE OF THE FAMILY OF HATTON

BEING CHIEFLY LETTERS ADDRESSED TO

CHRISTOPHER FIRST VISCOUNT HATTON,

A. D. 1601-1704, VOL. I.

CAMDEN SOCIETY, N.S. XXII.

ED. E. M. THOMPSON.

WESTMINSTER, 1878.

*OXINDEN, HENRY.

*OXINDEN, ELIZABETH.

LETTER(S).

THE OXINDEN AND PEYTON LETTERS, 1642-1670.

BEING THE CORRESPONDENCE OF HENRY OXINDEN

OF BARHAM, SIR THOMAS PEYTON OF KNOWLTON

AND THEIR CIRCLE.

ED. D. GARDINER.

LONDON: THE SHELDON PRESS AND

*PINNEY, JOHN.

*PINNEY, JANE.

LETTER(S).

LETTERS OF JOHN PINNEY 1679-1699.

ED. G. F. NUTTALL.

LONDON, NEW YORK AND TORONTO:


NEW YORK: THE MACMILLAN COMPANY, 1937.

*HADDOCK, NICHOLAS.

*HADDOCK, RICHARD, JR.

*HADDOCK, RICHARD, SR.

LETTER(S).

THE CAMDEN MISCELLANY, VOLUME THE EIGHTH:

CONTAINING ... CORRESPONDENCE OF THE FAMILY

OF HADDOCK, 1657-1719.

CAMDEN SOCIETY, N.S. XXXI.

ED. E. M. THOMPSON.

LONDON, 1965 (1883).

*HENRY, PHILIP.

LETTER(S).

DIARIES AND LETTERS OF PHILIP HENRY, M. A.

OF BROAD OAK, FLINTSHIRE, A. D. 1631-1696.

ED. M. H. LEE.

LONDON: KEGAN PAUL, TRENCH & CO., 1882.

*STRYPE, JOHN.

LETTER(S).

ORIGINAL LETTERS OF EMINENT LITERARY

MEN OF THE SIXTEENTH, SEVENTEENTH,

CESCIE1A EModE I Science: medecine VICARY, THOMAS.

THE ANATOMIE OF THE BODIE OF MAN (1548).

PART I.


ED. F. J. FURNIVALL AND P. FURNIVALL.

LONDON, 1888.

CESCIE1B EModE I Science: medecine RECORD, ROBERT.

THE PATH-WAY TO KNOWLEDG, CONTAINING

THE FIRST PRINCIPLES OF GEOMETRIE, 1551.


AMSTERDAM: THEATRUM ORBIS TERRARUM,

LTD. AND NORWOOD, N. J.: W. J. JOHNSON,


CESCIE2A EModE II Science: medecine CLOWES, WILLIAM.

TREATISE FOR THE ARTIFICIALL

CURE OF STRUMA, 1602.


AMSTERDAM: THEATRVM ORBIS

TERRARVM AND NEW YORK: DA CAPO

PRESS, 1970 (FACSIMILE).

CESCIE2B EModE II Science: medecine BLUNDEVILE.

A BRIEFE DESCRIPTION OF THE TABLES OF

THE THREE SPECIALL RIGHT LINES BELONGING TO

A CIRCLE, CALLED SIGNES, LINES TANGENT,

AND LINES SECANT.

LONDON: JOHN WINDET, 1597.

CESCIE3A EModE III Science: other HOOKE, ROBERT.

MICROGRAPHIA, 1665.

EARLY SCIENCE IN OXFORD, VOL. XIII: THE LIFE

AND WORK OF ROBERT HOOKE, PART V.

ED. R. T. GUNTHER (FACSIMILE).


CESCIE3B EModE III Science: other BOYLE, ROBERT.

ELECTRICITY & MAGNETISM, 1675-6.

OLD ASHMOLEAN REPRINTS, 7.

SERIES ED. R. W. T. GUNTHER (FACSIMILE).

OXFORD: UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD, 1927.

CESERM1A EModE I Sermons FISHER, JOHN.

SERMONS BY JOHN FISHER.

THE ENGLISH WORKS OF JOHN FISHER,

BISHOP OF ROCHESTER. PART I.


ED. J. E. B. MAYOR.

LONDON, 1935 (1876).

CESERM1B EModE I Sermons LATIMER, HUGH.

SERMON ON THE PLOUGHERS, 18 JANUARY 1549;

SEVEN SERMONS BEFORE EDWARD VI, ON EACH

FRIDAY IN LENT, 1549.

ENGLISH REPRINTS.

ED. E. ARBER.

LONDON: ALEX. MURRAY & SON, 1868; 1869.

CESERM2A EModE II Sermons HOOKER, RICHARD.

TWO SERMONS UPON PART OF S. JUDES

EPISTLE, 1614.



LTD. AND NEW YORK: DA CAPO PRESS,

1969 (FACSIMILE).

CESERM2B EModE II Sermons SMITH, HENRY.

TWO SERMONS ON "OF USURIE".

A PREPARATIVE TO MARIAGE; OF THE LORDS

SUPPER; OF USURIE, 1591.


AMSTERDAM: THEATRUM ORBIS TERRARUM,

LTD. AND NORWOOD, N. J.: WALTER J. JOHNSON,


CESERM3A EModE III Sermons TILLOTSON, JOHN.

SERMONS ON "THE FOLLY OF

SCOFFING AT RELIGION" AND "OF THE TRYALL

OF THE SPIRITS".

THREE RESTORATION DIVINES: BARROW, SOUTH,

TILLOTSON: SELECTED SERMONS, VOL. II:ii.

BIBLIOTHEQUE DE LA FACULTE DE PHILOSOPHIE ET

LETTRES DE L'UNIVERSITE DE LIEGE, CCXIII.

ED. I. SIMON.

PARIS: SOCIETE D'EDITIONS "LES BELLES

LETTRES", 1976.

CESERM3B EModE III Sermons TAYLOR, JEREMY.

THE MARRIAGE RING (1673).

ED. F. COUTTS.

LONDON AND NEW YORK: JOHN LANE, 1907.

CETRAV1A EModE I Travelogue LELAND, JOHN.

THE ITINERARY OF JOHN LELAND IN OR ABOUT

THE YEARS 1535-1543. VOL. I, PARTS I TO III.

ED. L. T. SMITH.

LONDON: CENTAUR PRESS LTD., 1964.

CETRAV1B EModE I Travelogue TORKINGTON, RICHARD.

YE OLDEST DIARIE OF ENGLYSSHE TRAVELL:

BEING THE HITHERTO UNPUBLISHED NARRATIVE

OF THE PILGRIMAGE OF SIR RICHARD TORKINGTON

TO JERUSALEM IN 1517.

THE VELLUM-PARCHMENT SHILLING SERIES

OF MISCELLANEOUS LITERATURE, VI.

ED. W. J. LOFTIE.

LONDON: FIELD & TUER, YE LEADENHALLE PRESSE,

E.C., ETC., 1884.

CETRAV2A EModE II Travelogue TAYLOR, JOHN.

THE PENNYLES PILGRIMAGE.

ALL THE WORKES OF JOHN TAYLOR

THE WATER POET, 1630.

WITH AN INTRODUCTORY NOTE BY

V. E. NEUBURG (FACSIMILE).

LONDON: THE SCOLAR PRESS, 1977.

CETRAV2B EModE II Travelogue COVERTE, ROBERT.

A TRVE AND ALMOST INCREDIBLE REPORT

OF AN ENGLISHMAN, 1612.



LTD. AND NEW YORK: DA CAPO PRESS,

1971 (FACSIMILE).

CETRAV3A EModE III Travelogue FIENNES, CELIA.

THE JOURNEYS OF CELIA FIENNES.

ED. C. MORRIS.

LONDON: THE CRESSET PRESS, 1947.

CETRAV3B EModE III Travelogue FRYER, JOHN.

A NEW ACCOUNT OF EAST INDIA AND PERSIA,

BEING NINE YEARS' TRAVELS, 1672-1681.

VOLS. I, II.

ED. W. CROOKE.

LONDON: THE HAKLUYT SOCIETY, 1909, 1912.

CETRI1 EModE I Proceedings: trials THE TRIAL OF SIR NICHOLAS

THROCKMORTON.

A COMPLETE COLLECTION OF STATE-TRIALS

AND PROCEEDINGS FOR HIGH-TREASON,

AND OTHER CRIMES AND MISDEMEANOURS;

FROM THE REIGN OF KING RICHARD II.

TO THE END OF THE REIGN OF KING GEORGE I.

SECOND EDITION, VOL. I.

ED. F. HARGRAVE.

LONDON: PRINTED FOR J. WALTHOE SEN. ETC., 1730.

CETRI2A EModE II Proceedings: trials THE TRIAL OF THE EARL OF ESSEX.

THE DR. FARMER CHETHAM MS.

BEING A COMMONPLACE-BOOK IN THE CHETHAM

LIBRARY, MANCHESTER. TEMP. ELIZABETH, JAMES I.

AND CHARLES I. CONSISTING OF VERSE AND PROSE,

MOSTLY HITHERTO UNPUBLISHED.

(THE ARRAIGNMENT OF THE EARLES OF ESSEX

AND SOUTHAMPTON IN WESTMINSTER HALL

ON THURSDAYE YE XIX. OF FEBRUARIE 1600).

CHETHAM SOCIETY, LXXXIX.

ED. A. B. GROSART.

MANCHESTER: THE CHETHAM SOCIETY, 1873.

CETRI2B EModE II Proceedings: trials THE TRIAL OF SIR WALTER RALEIGH.






SECOND EDITION, VOL. I.

ED. F. HARGRAVE.


CETRI3A EModE III Proceedings: trials THE TRIAL OF TITUS OATES.






SECOND EDITION, VOL. IV.

ED. F. HARGRAVE.


CETRI3B EModE III Proceedings: trials THE TRIAL OF LADY ALICE LISLE.






SECOND EDITION, VOL. IV.

ED. F. HARGRAVE.


search word total # HC OE ME EE (possible) false positives

d4 1 0 0 (1) 0 part of d4d

d43 16 0 16 0

d43e 10 0 10 0

d43en 0 0 0 0

d43es 5 0 5 0

d4g 443 442 1 0

D4g 1 1 0 0

d4ga 1 1 0 0

d4gas 3 3 0 0

d4ge 341 339 2 0

D4GE 1 1 0 0

d4ges 99 99 0 0

D4ges 2 2 0 0

d4gi 6 6 0 0

d4gum 4 4 0 0

d4i 18 1 17 0

D4i 2 0 2 0

d4i3 2 0 2 0

d4ie 3 0 3 0

d4ies 3 0 3 0

d4ig 8 5 3 0

d4ige 21 0 21 0

d4iges 2 1 1 0

d4is 3 0 3 0

da 25 0 (20) 0 (4) 0 (1) latin sound example

Da 25 0 (22) 0 (2) 0 (1) latin sound example

DA 5 0 0 0 (5) latin sound example

da3 0 0 0 0

da33 12 0 12 0

da33ess 3 0 3 0

da34 4 0 4 0

da34s 3 0 3 0

da3a 1 0 1 0

da3an 1 0 1 0

da3e 4 0 4 0

da3en 6 0 6 0

da3ene 4 0 4 0

da3es 11 0 11 0

da3ess 1 0 1 0

da3he 0 0 0 0

da3hes 0 0 0 0

da3hess 1 0 1 0

da3um 4 0 4 0

daeg 3 3 0 0

daeges 1 1 0 0

dag 0 0 0 0

daga 82 82 0 0

Daga 1 1 0 0

dagan 3 3 0 0

dagana 3 3 0 0

dagas 100 100 0 0

Dagas 1 1 0 0

dage 2 1 1 0

dagen 3 0 3 0

dagena 2 2 0 0

dages 6 0 6 0

daghen 1 0 1 0

dagon 6 6 0 0

dagum 146 146 0 0

SEARCH WORDS FOR DAY

dahene 1 0 1 0

dahes 6 0 6 0

dai 160 0 159 1

Dai 1 0 1 0

dai3 0 0 0 0

dai3e 3 0 3 0

dai3en 1 0 1 0

dai3es 1 0 1 0

daie 42 0 24 18

DAIE 1 0 0 1

daien 1 0 1 0

daies 122 0 80 42

Daies 5 0 1 4

DAIES 1 0 1 0

dais 8 0 7 1

Dau 8 0 0 8

daus 1 0 1 0

daw 1 0 1 0

dawe 8 0 8 0

dawen 2 0 2 0

dawene 0 0 0 0

dawes 6 0 5 1

day 1474 0 774 700

Day 173 0 11 162

DAY 20 0 (6) 13 1 editor's comment

day's 2 0 0 2

Day's 2 0 0 2

day3es 1 0 1 0

daye 202 0 85 117

Daye 8 0 1 7

daye's 1 0 0 1

dayes 236 0 112 124

Dayes 14 0 0 14

dayese 1 0 1 0

dayis 8 0 7 1

days 81 0 27 54

Days 22 0 0 22

DAYS 6 0 (2) 3 1 edited: title

dayys 2 0 2 0

de3 0 0 0 0

de3e 1 0 1 0

deg 24 24 0 0

deg4 2 2 0 0

dega 2 2 0 0

degas 1 1 0 0

dege 38 38 0 0

dei 184 9 (90) 72 (12) 0 (1) latin word

Dei 14 0 (4) 0 (7) 0 (3) latin word

DEI 1 0 0 (1) 0 latin word

dei3 0 0 0 0

dei3e 1 0 1 0

deie 16 0 16 0

deies 3 0 3 0

deige 1 1 0 0

deis 2 0 2 0

Total number of hits DAY 4387 1475 1617 1295

of which minimum false positive: 182 144 27 11

* lighter coloured search words were found in the HC concordance list, the others in dictionaries

search word total # HC OE ME EE (possible) false positives

n4ct 0 0 0 0

n4ht 6 6 0 0

n4hta 1 1 0 0

n4hte 1 1 0 0

n4htes 6 6 0 0

na3t 62 0 25 (37) 0 form of pronoun 'nought'

na3te 1 0 1 0

nacht 3 0 3 0 form of pronoun 'nought'

nachte 0 0 0 0

nact 0 0 0 0

naecht 0 0 0 0

naect 0 0 0 0

naeht 2 2 0 0

naehtes 2 2 0 0

naght 2 0 1 (1) 0 form of pronoun 'nought'

naghte 0 0 0 0

nagt 0 0 0 0

nahht 6 0 6 0

naht 82 30 (10) 20 (22) 0 form of pronoun 'nought'

nahte 7 6 (1) 0 0 form of pronoun 'nought'

nahten 1 0 1 0

nahtes 1 0 1 0

nahton 2 2 0 0

naist 0 0 0 0

naiste 0 0 0 0

nait 0 0 0 0

naite 0 0 0 0

nau3t 2 0 2 0 form of pronoun 'nought'

naught 3 0 1 2 form of pronoun 'nought'

nauht 22 19 1 (2) 0 form of pronoun 'nought'

nauhte 6 5 (1) 0 0 form of pronoun 'nought'

nauhtes 2 2 0 0

naut 3 0 3 0 form of pronoun 'nought'

naycht 0 0 0 0

neaht 15 15 0 0

neahte 2 2 0 0

neahtum 0 0 0 0

necht 0 0 0 0

necst 1 0 1 0

neeght 0 0 0 0

neet 1 0 1 0

neght 0 0 0 0

neghte 0 0 0 0

neht 3 3 0 0

nehte 1 1 0 0

nei3t 0 0 0 0

nei3te 0 0 0 0

nei3th 0 0 0 0

neicht 0 0 0 0

neight 0 0 0 0

neighte 0 0 0 0

neith 0 0 0 0

nete 0 0 0 0

neth 4 0 3 (1) 0 fishnet

netht 0 0 0 0

ney3t 0 0 0 0

ney3te 0 0 0 0

ney3th 0 0 0 0

neycht 0 0 0 0

neyth 0 0 0 0

ni3ht 2 0 2 0

SEARCH WORDS FOR NIGHT

ni3hte 1 0 1 0

ni3st 0 0 0 0

ni3t 32 0 32 0

ni3te 7 0 7 0

ni3tes 2 0 2 0

ni3th + Ni3th 8+1 0 8+1 0

ni3the 0 0 0 0

ni3tht 0 0 0 0

ni3tis 1 0 1 0

ni3tt 0 0 0 0

ni3tte 1 0 1 0

ni9t 0 0 0 0

ni9te 0 0 0 0

Nich 1 0 0 1

nicht 2 0 2 0

nichte 0 0 0 0

nichtt 0 0 0 0

nicst 0 0 0 0

nicste 0 0 0 0

nict 0 0 0 0

nieght 0 0 0 0

nieht 0 0 0 0

night + Night 192+55 0 28+1 164+54

nighte +NIGHTE 10+1 0 0 10+1

nightes 5 0 1 4

nights + Nights 9+5 0 0 9+5

nigt 4 0 4 0

nigte 1 0 1 0

nigth 1 0 0 1

nigthe 0 0 0 0

nihht 2 0 2 0

niht + Niht 278+2 239+2 39+0 0

niht4 4 0 4 0

nihta 55 55 0 0

nihtan 1 1 0 0

nihte 116 93 23 0

nihten 1 0 1 0

nihtes 58 49 9 0

nihti 1 1 0 0

nihtne 3 3 0 0

nihton 6 6 0 0

nihtt 0 0 0 0

nihtte 2 2 0 0

nihtum 23 23 0 0

nij3t 0 0 0 0

nikte 0 0 0 0

nist 0 0 0 0

nit 0 0 0 0

nit3 0 0 0 0

nite 0 0 0 0

nith 6 0 6 0

nithe 0 0 0 0

nithes 3 0 3 0

niught 0 0 0 0

ny3 7 0 6 (1) 0 near

ny3ght 1 0 1 0

ny3ht 4 0 4 0

ny3t + Ny3t 32+1 0 32+1 0

ny3te 2 0 2 0

ny3tes 0 0 0 0

ny3th 0 0 0 0

ny3the 1 0 1 0

ny3tht 0 0 0 0

ny3tis 2 0 2 0

ny3tt 0 0 0 0

ny3ttus 1 0 1 0

ny3tys 2 0 2 0

nych 0 0 0 0

nycht 0 0 0 0

nychte 0 0 0 0

nyeght 0 0 0 0

nyght + NYGHT 139+3 0 84+3 55+0

nyghte 34 0 15 19

nyghtes 4 0 1 3

nyghth 0 0 0 0

nyghtis 2 0 2 0

nyghtt 0 0 0 0

nyghtys 3 0 2 1

nygt 0 0 0 0

nygth 0 0 0 0

nygthe 0 0 0 0

nygtt 0 0 0 0

nyhet 0 0 0 0

nyht 13 5 8 0

nyhta 1 1 0 0

nyhte 2 1 1 0

nynt 0 0 0 0

nyt 11 11 0 0

nyt3 0 0 0 0

nytcht 0 0 0 0

nyte 19 15 4 0

nyten 8 6 (1) 2 0 ignorant

nytena 7 2 (5) 0 0 small animal

nytene 3 2 (1) 0 0 small animal

nytenes 1 1 0 0

nytenu 18 13 (5) 0 0 small animal

nytenum 10 9 (1) 0 0 small animal

nytes 1 0 1 0

nyth 2 0 2 0

nythe 0 0 0 0

nytht 0 0 0 0

nyught 0 0 0 0

Total number of hits NIGHT 1406 656 421 329

of which minimum false positive: 96 26 69 1

* lighter coloured search words were found in the HC concordance list, the others in dictionaries

ID NR TEXTNAME page/rule SAMPLE CONSTRUCTION number N/O specified focus on/taken from day by… COTEXT CONTEXT

1 COOTEST pV,1 r5.11 n d4ge 64s mon6es on 4fnunge on Iericho feldum. <R 5.11> & 4ton of 64s landes w4stmum on 6am o6rum d4ge, 6eorfe hlafas & polentan 64s ylcan geares. <R 5.12> 4fter 6am 6e hi 4ton of 64s eardes w4stmum, hi on the(6am) next(/#th) day sg N calendarday event/series eat/next Bible

2 COMARTYR p218 r2112 . [} [\24 SEPTEMBER: ST. ANDOCHIUS, THYRSUS, FELIX\] }] <R 2112> [\SE24 B 1\] On 6one ilcan d4g bi6 9ara haligra wera tid sancti Andochi 94s m4ssepreostes ond sancti Tyrsi 94s diacones. <R 2113> [DATE,] on that(6one) same(ylcan) day sg N calendarday (datum/)event Biography: lives

3 COTEMPO p8 r1.16 rcynn, & ealle nytenu 9e on feower fotum ga6, & 9a twegen men Adam & Euan. <R 1.16> On 6am seofo6an d4ge he geendode his weorc & seo wucu w4s 6a agan. <R 1.17> Nu is 4lc d4g on 6isum middanearde of 64re s on the #th day sg N calendarday event(/series) world's creation, (no ~night)

astro/creation/time/Science:

astronomy

4 COBLICK p25 r177/(?) 9a 4restan men forworhtan 9urh heora gifernesse & oferhygde. <R 177> Hw4t wille we on domes d4g for9beran 94s we for urum Drihtne arefnedon, nu he swa mycel for ure lufan ge9rowode? <R 179> Monig on Dooms day sg N special date domes . Homilies

5 COOTEST pIV,1 r4.14 64r 6urhwunia6 o6 6isne andweardan d4g. <R 4.10> & 64t folc ferde for6 mid gebylde. <R 4.14> On 6am d4ge gem4rsode se 4lmihtiga Drihten Iosue 9one 49elan 4tforan Israhela folce, 64t hi hine ondredon, swa on that(6am) day sg N calendarday event god glorifies Bible

6 COCHROE4 p 215 r1084.1 und seofenti peanega. <R 1084.1> Her on 6isum geare for6ferde Wulfuuold abbod on Ceortesege. on 9am d4ge (\xiii kalend4 Mai\) . <R 1085.1> On 9isum geare menn cwydodon & to so6an s4dan. 94t Cnut cyng of D on the(9am) day, DATE sg N calendarday event/datum died/DATE History

7 COMARTYR p30 r361/(9?/4?) e9rowade martyrdom for Criste. [} [\7 MARCH: ST. EASTORWINE\] }] <R 361> [\MA07 B 1\] On 6one ilcan d4g bi6 94s halgan abbodes geleornes, se w4s nemned Eastorwine. <R 362> [\MA07 B 2\] Se w4s her on Bryt [DATE,] on that(6one) same(ylcan) day sg N calendarday (datum/)event . Biography: lives

8 COMARTYR p40 r484/(?) ofon. [} [\22 MARCH: THE FIFTH DAY OF CREATION\] }] <R 484> [\MA22 A 1\] On 6one twa ond twenteg6an d4g 64s mon6es bi6 se fifta d4g worolde. <R 485> [\MA22 A 2\] On 64m d4ge god gescop of w4tere [DATE,] on that(6one) #th day of the month sg N calendarday (datum/)event . "calendar"/Biography: lives

9 CODOCU4 p230 r5 el an hide. <R 5> 9is is into Werdunes hundret, 94t is an hundret hida swa hit was on Eadwardes dege kynges. <R 6> & 9erof is gewered XVIII hide buton are gearde & XL hide inland & I & XL hide weste during(on) X's reign/time enk M span: reign . as king

10 COLINDIS p65 r6.13(\Factum est autem in illis diebus exiit in montem orare et erat pernoctans in oratione dei\) aworden w4s 6onne on 64m dagum foerde on more to gebiddanne & w4s 6erhw4ccende in gebed godes. <R 6.13> (\Et cum dies factus esset uocauit discipulos suos et elegit duodecim ex ipsis quos et apostolos nominauit\) & mi66y d4g aworden w4s geceigde 6a 6egnas his & geceas tuoelf of 64m 6a 4c apostolas genemde. <R 6.14> (\simonthe day had passed sg N day+night D (passed) hold watch & passed Bible

11 COAELET3 p88 r39 ig Hierusalem 9am iudeiscum folce and 9a gebugon to fulluhte of 9am folce 9reo 9usend manna on anum d4ge and eft gebugon 4t o9re bodunge fif 9usend manna. <R 40> Swa mycclum onbryrde, 94t hi hyra 4hta eal on # day sg N calendarday event mass-baptism Relegious Treatises

12 COMARTYR p223 r2175 feonda menigo com to 94re ceastre ond hy ymbs4ton. <R 2175> [\SE29 A 4\] 9a ceasterware 9urh 9reora daga f4sten anmodlice b4don god [^THE WORD god TAKEN FROM MS C^] fultumes ond b4don 94t he him 9one 4tyw # days pl N calendarday duration works: defend citadel Biography: lives

13 CODOCU3 p162 r13 n{] & Hacun & Leofric & eal seo scir his land cl4ne 9a he hit unforbodan & unbesacan bohte & settan d4g to 94t man to 6am lande scolde faran & 9a ilcan 9e him 4r landgem4re l4ddon [{hit{] . <R 16> & cw4d fix/set a day sg N/I calendarday/date goal of the day day for settling .

14 COTEMPO p10 r1.21 bi6 d4g, & on 6a healfe 6e heo ne scin6 94r bi6 niht. <R 1.21> 4fre bi6 on sumere sidan 94re eor6an d4g, & 4fre on sumere sidan niht. <R 1.22> 94t leoht 6e we hata6 d4gered, cym6 of 64re sunnan 9onne heo to be day sg O . (be) D ~night/sun/light astro/creation/time

15 COMARTYR p215 r2083 on heofenum on lifes bocum. [} [\23 SEPTEMBER: ST. SOSIUS\] }] <R 2083> [\SE23 A 1\] On 6one XXIII d4g 94s mon6es bi6 64s diacones gemynd se is nemned sancti Sossy. <R 2084> [\SE23 A 2\] He w4s in 64re [DATE,] on that(6one) #th day of the month sg N calendarday (datum/)event . "calendar"

16 COBLICK p21 r131 ona he molsna9, & wyr9 to 94re ilcan eor9an 9e he 4r of gesceapen w4s, o994t Drihten cyme9 on domes d4g, & hate9 9a eor9an eft agifan 94t heo 4r onfeng. <R 135> & bi6 9onne undea9lic, 9eah he 4r dea9lic on Dooms day sg N special date domes . .

17 COGREGD3 p24 r6.24.17 strehte, & se munuc gehwearf in to his cyricean. <R 6.24.17> 6a 9a ealle men stille w4ron ymb midne d4g, 9a com se 9eof, swa swa his gewuna w4s, & stah upp on 9one hege. <R 6.24.21> & 9a 9a he his o6erne at (ymb) mid(midne) day sg O . (mid-)D

monastery (At noon came

the office of Sext and the

18 COTEMPO p68 r9.6 adune under 6issere eor6an swa swa o6re tunglan do6. Ac he went abutan hwilon up hwilon adune, ofer d4g & ofer niht. <R 9.7> O6er tungel is on su6d4le 9isum gelic, 6one we ne magon n4fre geseon. <R 9.8> by(ofer) day & by(ofer) night sg O . D(vs N) star/day vs night astro/creation/time

19 COBYRHTF p88 r88.4 abba6 amearcod her beforan; & 9es mon6 h4f6 twelf tida on 94re nihte 9e seo emniht by6, & twelf on d4g. <R 88.9> Sy66an langa6 seo niht & wana6 se d4g eall 94t (\xiima kl Ianuarii\) cym6 to mancynne. <R during/in (on) (the) day sg O . D (hours) 12 hours & vs night (~equinox) astro: computus

20 COOROSIU p234 r10.234.5 wrat to 9icgeanne, 9onne orn 94r blod ut. <R 10.234.5> 94t 9ridde w4s 94t hit hagolade seofon niht, d4ges & nihtes, ofer ealle Romane. <R 10.234.7> & on Somnia 94m londe seo eor9e tob4rst, & 9onan up w4s b (by) day and night (d4ges & nihtes) sg O/I? D(/continually?)

parts of night(N?)/vs night/ by day

and by night seofon niht

21 COLAECE p188 r8.1.8 dwostlan, agrimonian, sume hata6 garclife, & cersan, gecnua ealle on wine o99e on eala6, sele 4lce d4ge to drincanne. [}.VIIII.}] <R 9.1.1> Wi9 inwunde magan nim gate meoluc 9onne hio fur9um amolcen each day sg N calendarday event sell

22 COAELET4 p59 r985 on last becom in to Rome byrig & 94r eac bodode. <R 985> & Nero het 9a hine beheafdian on 9am ylcan d4ge, 9e he aheng Petrum. <R 986> Andreas bodode on Achaian lande & on Scithian, & he sy66an wear6 on ro on the(6am) same(ylcan) day sg N calendarday event/~event beheadings

23 COPROGNO p48 r16 des gast cumende 9is middaneard to neosianne & to blisianne. <R 16> Gif 9unor cum6 4t 94re VI tide d4ges, he becna6 4htnesse Cristes folces. <R 17> Gif 6unor cum6 4t 94re IX tide d4ges, se becna6 gesib & (at the #th hour) of the day sg O . D hours in day/ only go to 12 astro

24 COBEDE p106 r3.106.7 rican wigbed geseted & 94t on Sancte Gregorius naman gehalgod. <R 3.106.7> In 64m 4ghwylce S4ternes d4ge from 94re stowe m4ssepreost heora gemynde & for6fore mid m4ssesonge m4rsode syndon. <R 3.106.9> Is Satur(S4ternes) day sg N special date S4ternes .

25 COBYRHTF p82 r82.11 ndan, swa ic herbufan cw46, 9urh 94s lengtenlican emnihtes d4g, for9on se emnihtes d4g ys se feor6a d4g 9issere worulde [{gescapennysse{] . <R 82.14> 9ry dagas w4ron 4r 9am d4ge butan sunnan & monan & ea the #th day sg N calendarday ~event/series ~equinox/ days of creation astro: computus

26 COADRIAN p35 r2 w4s 9rittine gear. <R 2> Saga me on hwilcne d4ig he gesingode. Ic 9e secge, on Fryd4ig and on 9one d4ig he was 4r gesceapen, and on 9am d4ge he eft asweolt and for 9am Crist eft 9rowede on 9am d4ge. <R 3 on that(9one) day sg N calendarday datum/event ~Friday/created

27 COTEMPO p62 r8.8 geleafa ne bi6 naht. <R 8.8> Swa lengra d4g swa bi6 se niwa mona ufor gesewen & swa scyrtra d4g swa bi6 se niwa mona ny6or gesewen. <R 8.9> Gif seo sunne hine on4l6 ufan, 9onne stupa6 he; gif heo the day sg O . (length) D ~short (length) & vs moon astro/creation/time

28 COMETRPS p67 r94.8 w4run we his f4le folc and his f4gere sceap, 9a [{he{] on his edisce 4r afedde. <R 94.8> Gif ge to d4ge drihtnes stefne holde gehyran, n4fre ge heortan ge9anc deorce forhyrden drihtnes willan. <R 94.9> S to day sg N calendarday event hear god's voice

29 COOTEST s8 pVI,1 r6.3 n 6inum gewealde & 6one cyning samod & 6a strengstan weras 6e wunia6 on hyre. <R 6.3> Fara6 nu six dagas symble ymb 6a burh, 4lce d4g 4ne & ealle suwigende; <R 6.4> & seofon sacerdas blawan mid byman eow # days pl N natural division duration continually

30 COLINDIS p103 r9.51 tionis eius et ipse faciem suam firmauit ut iret hierusalem\) aworden w4s 6a mi66y gefylled woeron dagas ondfenges vel geliornises his & he onsione his getrumade 94tte foerde hierusalem. <R 9.52> (assumption) day sg N special day event ondfenges/assumption latin

31 COPARIPS p41 r19.1 e. <R 18.14> Drihten, 9u eart min fultum, and min alysend. <R 19.1> Gehyre 6e Drihten on 94m d4ge 9inra earfo6a, gefri6ie 9e se nama Iacobes Godes. <R 19.2> And onsende 9e fultum of his 9am halgan on that(94m) day sg N calendarday/time? event day of troubles

32 COPREFCP p3 r5 glica tida 6a w4ron giond Angelcynn; <R 5> & hu 6a kyningas 6e 6one onwald h4fdon 64s folces on 6am dagum Gode & his 4rendwrecum hyrsumedon; <R 6> & hie 4g6er ge hiora sibbe ge hiora siodo ge hiora onweald on those(6am) days pl M moment/time event kings serve past

33 COCHROA2 p50 r763.1 61.1> Her w4s se mycla winter. <R 763.1> Her Ianbryht w4s gehadod to 4rcebiscep on 9one feowertegan d4g ofer midne winter. <R 764.1> Her Iaenbryht 4rcebiscep onfeng pallium. <R 768.1> Her for9ferde Eadbe on the #th day after sg N calendarday ~event relation to Christmas .

34 COWSGOSP p22 r2.1 6 opene heofonas & Godes englas upstigende & ny6erstigende ofer mannes sunu. <R 2.1> On 9am 9riddan d4ge w4ron gyfta gewordene on Chanaa Galile4 & 94s H4lendes modor w4s 94r. <R 2.2> So9lice se H4lend & h on that(9am) #th day sg N calendarday event/series wedding/miracle Jesus: water into wine

35 CODOCU3 p36 r40 clande ofer minn4 d4g. <R 40> & ic an Alfwolde minum preoste tw4gra hida on Dunninglande ofer minne d4g. <R 41> & ic gean 494lm4re minum pr4oste tw4gra hida on Dunningland4 of4r minne d4g. <R 43> & ic g4 after(ofer) X's lifetime sg M span: life . .

="Æthelflæde cwyde"=

testament/will

36 COWULF3 p203 r58 ge & his und4da ealle oferhogie & wi6 his unlara geornlice scylde & wi6 9a deoflican eahta leahtras d4ges & nihtes warnie symle? <R 61> 64t is gitsung & gifernes, galnes & weamodnys, unrotnys & asolcennys, day and night (d4ges & nihtes) sg O/I? D/always vs night/in day and night symle=always

37 COOTEST pI,1 r1.18 geworhte. <R 1.17> & gesette hi on 64re heofenan, 64t hi scinon ofer eor6an. <R 1.18> & gymdon 64s d4ges & 64re nihte & to d4ldon leoht & 6ystro; God geseah 6a 94t hit god w4s. <R 1.19> & w4s geworden 4fe the(64s) day and the(64re) night sg O . D sun-light/vs moon-dark-night creation

38 COMARGA p173 r103 hi, on drihten to gelefanne, 9e gesceop heofonas and eor6an, and he s4 bedraf, 94r 9e heo wrohta6 d4ges and nihtes. <R 106> Olibrius 9a cw46: Gif 9u nylt to minum gode 9e gebiddan, min swyrd sceal 9inne day and night (d4ges and nihtes) sg O/I? D(/continually?) vs night/ by day and by night

39 CODOCU3 p36 r19 <R 19> & ic gean 94s landes 4t Fingringaho B4orhtno6e 4aldermen & mire swuster hir4 deg & ofer hire d4g into sanct4 P4tres cyrcan 4t Myresig4. <R 22> & ic g4an 94s landes 4t Polstede B4orhtno6e 4aldorm4 after(ofer) X's lifetime sg M span: life . .


testament/will

40 COTEMPO p32 r4.24 wa 6eah 9urh 6a swyftnysse ne mihte he underyrnan ealle 6a twelf tunglan binnon seofon & twentigum dagum & eahta tidum, gif he urne swa up swa seo sunne. <R 4.25> 64re sunnan ryne is swi6e rum, for6an 6e # days pl N calendarday duration days/course of the moon astro/creation/time

41 COSOLOMO p 26 r5.5 gesceop s4 and eor6an. On 9am feor6an d4ge he gesceop heofon4s tunglon. <R 5.5> And on 6am v d4ge he gesceop fixas and fugelas. <R 5.6> And on 6am vi d4ge he gesceop deor and nytenu and Adam 6one 4 on that(6am) #(th) day sg N calendarday event days of creation/°birds&fish creation

42 CODURHAM p11 r10.17 mnibus exhibeamus nosmetipsos sicut dei ministros\) [{bro6ro{] heono nu tid e6 ondfengelic heone nu d4gi h4les n4ngum menn sellendo 4ngum [{ondspyrnisse{] 94tte no ateled sie hernise [{usa{] ah in allum a day (of salvation(h4les)) sg N special day event h4les/salvationday latin

43 COBYRHTF p52 r52.25 4> Of Aprilis dagum & his rihtingum 9u scealt findan Maius rihtinga. <R 52.25> Aprilis h4f6 9rittig daga & anne (\regularem\) ; 94t beo6 an & xxx. <R 52.26> Tod4la6 9a, swa we 4r dydon & gyt wylla6. <R 52 # days pl N calendarday duration per month astro: computus

44 CODOCU4 p232 r29 hide weste. <R 29> 9is is into Uyceste hundred, 94t is an hundred hida swa hit wes on Eadwardas dege kynges. <R 30> & 9erof is gewered XVIIII hide & XL hide inland & XX hide 9es kynges ahhen land & I during(on) X's reign/time enk M span: reign . as king

45 COBENRUL p42 r18.10 ta, 94t is (\Beatus uir, Quare fremuerunt gentes\) and (\Domine, ne in furore tuo\) , and swa o9rum dagum on 94re wucan syn for6on 9ry sealmas gesungen o6 9one nigonteo6an sealm, swa 9onne, 94t se nige6a s other(o6drum) days of the week pl N calendarday datum/event days of the week

46 CODOCU3 p78 r1 into Xpes cyrcean for his sawle & for Leofware & for 49elgy6e 9am hirede to fostre 4fter 9urstanes d4ge & 4fter 46elgy9e. <R 4> & 4lcon geare an pund to fulre sutelunge 9a hwile 9e we libban. <R 5> & gel after(ofer) X's lifetime sg M span: life . . testament

47 COWULF3 p227 r37 isenum n4glum ge fet ge handa & swa to dea6e acwellan. <R 37> Ac he geswutelode swa6eah 9y 6riddan d4ge 9a he of dea6e aras 94t he 4g6res geweald h4f6 ge lifes ge dea9es. <R 40> Leofan men, hwa m4g 4fre on the #th day sg N calendarday event/~event arisal of Chr/~death of Chr

48 COVESPS p33 r36.25 Iuuenior fui et senui et non uidi iustum derelictum nec semen eius egens panem.\) . <R 36.25> alne deg mildsa6 & ge9w4ra6 & sed his in bledsunge bi6 (\Tota die miseretur et commodat et semen eius in ben all day sg N calendarday event/duration be mild latin

49 COBYRHTF p56 r56.16 Do 94rto fife, for9on 9unresd4g h4f6 fif (\regulares\) : 9onne beo6 94r tyn. <R 56.16> Forl4t 9isne d4g: 9onne beo6 94r nigon. <R 56.17> Tod4l 9a nigon 9urh seofon: 4ne seofon beo6 seofon. <R 56.18> Twa this(9isne) day sg N calendarday counting with days (moon calendar day) astro: computus

50 COBYRHTF p82 r82.26 d4g com 9a 4fter 9am seofo6an & gewear6 to 9am 94s d4ges 9e w4s (\viii kl Aprelis\) . <R 82.26> Se d4g w4s amearcod on Godes foresceawunge. <R 82.27> On 9am d4ge w4ron englas gesceapene; on 9am d4ge w4s DATE, the/that day sg N calendarday datum/event

datum/God's contemplation/days

of creation astro: computus

51 COMARTYR p17 r144 hte gecy9ed. [} [\17 JANUARY: ST. ANTONY THE HERMIT\] }] <R 144> [\JA17 A 1\] On 6one seofenteo9an d4g 94s mon6es bi6 seo geleornes 94s halgan munuces sancte Antonies. <R 145> [\JA17 A 3\] Se gewat on [DATE,] on that(6one) #th day of the month sg N calendarday (datum/)event . "calendar"

52 COBEDE p262 r3.262.9 ter on to getimbrenne in 94re stowe 9e is nemned 4t Bearwe. <R 3.262.9> In 94m mynstre nu gen o6 to d4ge 9a swe6e awunia6 regollices lifes, 9e he 94r gesette. <R 3.262.11> H4fde he bisceopse6l in 94re sto to(o6) to day sg M moment/time present

53 COLINDIS p101 r9.36 ant\) & mi66y w4s se stefn gemoetad w4s se h4lend he ana & hia suigdon & ne 4nigum gecuoedon in 64m dagum 4niht of 64m 6a6e gesegon. <R 9.37> (\Factum est autem in sequenti die descendentibus illis de mont in those(64m) days pl M moment/time event latin: in illis diebus

54 COCHROE4 p242 r1109.7 9unra. & 9a swi6e 4geslice. <R 1109.7> And se arcebiscop Ansealm of Cantwarabyrig for6ferde on 9am d4ge (\xi kalend4 Aprilis\) . & w4s se forma Easterd4g on (\Letania maior\) . <R 1110.1> On 9isum geare on the(9am) day, DATE sg N calendarday event/datum died/DATE

55 COMARTYR p231 r2243 re Constantinopili. [} [\18 OCTOBER: ST. TRYPHONIA\] }] <R 2243> [\OC18 B 1\] On 6one ilcan d4g bi6 94re halgan cwene gemynd sancta Trifonia. <R 2244> [\OC18 B 2\] Seo w4s Decies cwen 94s caseres [DATE,] on that(6one) same(ylcan) day sg N calendarday (datum/)event . "calendar"

56 COVESPS p15 r18.2 e6 trymenis (\Caeli enarrant gloriam dei, et opera manvum eius annuntiat firmamentum.\) . <R 18.2> deg dege roccette6 word & neht nehte getacna6 wisdom (\Dies diei eructat uerbum, et nox nocti indicat s day by day sg O . O vs night(~wisdom)(/speech)

57 COTEMPO p18 r2.3 ymbe geares ymbrynum 94r 6one d4g, & 6a niht geemnytte on gelicere w4gan. <R 2.3> 64s ylcan d4ges he gesette 6one monan fulne on 4fnunge, on eastd4le mid scinendum steorrum samod, on 64s h4rfestli the same(ylcan) day sg N calendarday >datum >equinox/position moon & sun astro/creation/time

58 COTEMPO p30 r4.17 bi6 an gear agan. <R 4.17> On 6am geare sind getealde twelf mon6as, & twa & fiftig wucan, 9reo hund daga & fif & sixtig daga, & 94r to eacan six tida, 9e macia6 4fre embe 94t feor6e gear 9one d4g & 6a ni # days pl N calendarday duration 365 days/year astro/creation/time

59 COLAW2 p78 r43 Crist 6one deofol oferswi6de & sanctus Gregorius gemyndd4g & VII dagas to eastron & VII ofer & an d4g 4t sancte Petres tide & sancte Paules & on h4rfeste 6a fullan wican 4r sancta Marian m4ssan & 4t E # day sg N calendarday goal of the day days of leave/for celebration .

60 COTEMPO p18 r2.4 sere worulde is geteald to 6am d4ge 9e we hata6 (\Quinta decima kalendas Aprilis\) , & 64s emnihtes d4g is geh4fd, swa swa Beda t4c6, 64s on 6am feor6an d4ge, 94t is, (\on duodecima kalendas Aprelis\) . (emnihtes d4g) equinox sg N day+night (equinox) D emnihtes astro/creation/time

61 COINSPOL p67 r58 e 9eode. <R 58> [} (\ITEM DE EPISCOPIS.\) }] Bisceopas sculan bocum and gebedum fyligean and d4ges and nihtes oft and gelome clypian to Criste and for eall cristen folc 9ingian georne. <R 59> And hi (by) day and (by) night (d4ges and nihtes) sg O(/I?) . D(/continually?) vs night/ by day and by night

62 COBLICK p205 r169 6de, for6gel4dde & gebringe. <R 169> Hie 6a ealle ea6modlice, swa heora 49ela bisceo9 l4rde, feower daga f4sten gedydon. <R 170> 9a 64re nihte 9e hie 94t f4sten gef4st h4fdon, 9a w4s Sanctus Michael 94m b # days pl N natural division duration(/event) fasten time

63 CODOCU1 p3 r1 3> <R 1> Ic Abba geroefa cy6e & writan hate hu min willa is 94t mon ymb min 4rfe gedoe 4fter minum d4ge. <R 3> 4rest ymb min lond 9e ic h4bbe, & me God lah, & ic 4t minum hlafordum beg4t, is min willa gi after(4fter) X's lifetime sg M span: life . . testament

64 CODOCU3 p36 r35 drena ofer minne [{d4ge{] . <R 35> & ic gean 64ra X hida 4t Wicforda Sibrihte minum m4g4 ofer minne d4g. <R 37> & ic gean 4gwin4 minum ger4fan 9ara IIII hida 4t Hedham ofer miminne deg swa hit on 4alddag after(ofer) X's lifetime sg M span: life . .


testament/will

65 COBEOWUL p70 r2267 orhcynna [{for6{] onsended. <R 2267> Swa giomormod gioh6o m4nde an 4fter eallum, unbli6e [{hwearf{] d4ges ond nihtes, o664t dea6es wylm hran 4t heortan. <R 2270> Hordwynne fond eald uhtscea6a opene standan day (and night) sg O . D(vs night) "exchange of day and night"

66 COMARTYR p217 r2104 XIIII d4g 94s mon6es bi6 sancti Iohannis geeacnung 94s miclan fulwihteres. <R 2104> [\SE24 A 2\] 6y d4ge Gabriel se heahengel 4teowde Zacharie, Iohannis f4der, 94r he stod 4t 6am weofode ond ricels b4rnd on that day (?) sg N calendarday event birh anouncement by angel

67 CODOCU3 p36 r22 4. <R 22> & ic g4an 94s landes 4t Polstede B4orhtno6e 4aldorm4n & mire swuster hire deg & ofor hira d4g into Stocy. <R 23> & ic g4an 94s land4s 4t Hwifersce into Stocy ofer minn4 deg. <R 24> & ic g4an B4 after(ofer) X's lifetime sg M span: life . .


testament/will

68 COBLICK p133 r37 ylgendan. <R 37> Lucas se godspellere cw49 on 94m bocum 9e nemned is (\Actus Apostolorum\) be 9yses d4ges weor9unga, he cw49, Mid 9on d4ge w4s gefylled se d4g 9e is nemned Pentecosten ymb fiftig nihta 4fte this(9yses) day sg N calendarday event/datum Pentecost

69 COPROGNO p48 r15 mycel east o66e nor6east, mycel w4stm bi6 and god onriptid. <R 15> Gif 6unor 4t 94re 9riddan tide d4ges, he tacno6 Godes gast cumende 9is middaneard to neosianne & to blisianne. <R 16> Gif 9unor cum6 4t (at the #th hour) of the day sg O . D hours in day/ only go to 12 astro

70 COAELET3 p158 r34 betwynan eowre fet a9wea6 mid eadmodnysse, swaswa Crist sylf dyde and us swa don het. <R 34> On 9am d4ge ge ne motan cwe9an 4t 94re m4ssan: (\dominus uobiscum\) , butan se bisceop ana, 9e 9one ele halga6. on that(9am) day sg N calendarday event(/datum) go to mass/Thursday

71 COLINDIS p49 r4.21 die impleta est haec scribtura in auribus uestris\) ongann uutedlice vel 6a cuoa6a to him 94tte to d4g gefylled w4s 6ios gewritt in earum iurum. <R 4.22> (\Et omnes testimonium illi dabant et mirabantur to day sg N calendarday event latin hodie / writing filled

72 COAELET3 p160 r38 4ges, to 9icgenne on friged4g 4t 94re 9enuncge. <R 38> For9an9e man ne mot halgian nan husel on 9am d4ge, 9e Crist on 9rowode for ure alysednysse. <R 39> On friged4ge 4r none 4t fruman man sceal r4dan 94s on that(9am) day sg N calendarday event(/datum) Christ died/Thursday

73 COLINDIS p33 r2.22 t dies purgationis eius secundum legem mosi tulerunt illum in hierusalem\) & 4fter 6on gefylled wer dagas cl4nsunges his 4fter ae l4don hine in hierusalem. <R 2.23> (\sicut scribtum est in lege domini quia days (of purification) pl N special day event cl4nsunges

74 COBLICK p133 r31 onne seo gifu 94s Halgan Gastes, 9e to 9yssum d4ge sended w4s ofor his apostolas. <R 31> Swylce 9es d4g h4f9 4lcere wucan frym9e & ende. <R 32> For9on us is swi9e mycel ned9earf, bro9or mine, 94t we swi9 this(9es) day sg N calendarday event Pentecost

75 COAELET3 p168 r60 er bec eow t4cea6 and mid fif letanias halgie fant. <R 60> Ac ge ne scylan singan offerendan on 94m d4ge ne agnus dei ne communia ne gan to pacem. <R 61> Singan swa9eah: (\Gloria in excelsis deo\ on that(94m) day sg N calendarday event(/datum) not sing &... sabbath

76 COAELET3 p168 r56 ng, 4lc on sundron, and gan sy99an to hyra gereorde. <R 56> And ne beo hyra nan gesceod 94s d4ges, butan he untrum sy, 4r9an9e 9is gefylled sy. <R 57> On easter4fen man sceal halgian 4rost 9one tap ? Of that day sg N calendarday event

all different actions/prayers

throughout

77 COTEMPO p26 r3.29 ym6 on 6one sunnand4g, 9onne bi6 se d4g Palmsunnand4g. <R 3.29> Gif se (\terminus\) bescyt on sumum d4ge 94re wucan, 6onne bi6 se sunnand4g 94r 4fter easterd4g. <R 4.1> [} (\DE ANNO.\) }] 94re s on the #th/last day of the week sg N calendarday series ~week astro/creation/time

78 COLAECE p186 r7.1.6 e sculon on ane 9rage to lange beon to gedone ac sculon f4c habban betweonum & reste, hwilum twegen dagas hwilum 9ry, & 9onne him mon blod l4te on 4dre on 9am dagum ne do him mon nanne o9erne l4cedom to ny # days pl N natural division duration(/event) time of rest

79 CODOCU2 p52 r1 X> <Z X> [^B15.6.46^] <R 1> Ic Wulfgar an 94s landes 4t Collingaburnan ofer minne d4g 4ffan hiere d4g. <R 2> & heo tilige uncer begea sawla 9earfe gem4nelice 64ron & feormige 9rie dagas after(ofer) X's lifetime sg M span: life . . testament

80 COMARTYR p40 r484 TH DAY OF CREATION\] }] <R 484> [\MA22 A 1\] On 6one twa ond twenteg6an d4g 64s mon6es bi6 se fifta d4g worolde. <R 485> [\MA22 A 2\] On 64m d4ge god gescop of w4tere eall fleotendra fixa cyn ond the #th day sg N calendarday event world's creation/days of creation

81 COOROSIU p114 r7.114.15 <R 7.114.13> 9a 9rie gebro6or n4ron na Philippuse gemedren, ac w4ron gef4deren. <R 7.114.15> On 94m dagum on Tracia 94m londe w4ron twegen cyningas ymb 94t [{rice{] winnende: 9a w4ron gebro9or. <R 7.114.16 on those(64m) days pl M moment/time event two kings fighting over land past

82 COEXETER p170 r40 ote, sl4pe [{gebiesgad{] . <R 40> 9onne ellenrof up astonde6, 9rymme [{gewelgad{] , on 9one 9riddan d4g, sneome of sl4pe. <R 42> Sweghleo9or cyme6, wo9a wynsumast 9urh 94s wildres mu6. <R 44> 4fter 94re on the #th day sg O . D (rise)

~rise/~awake/~vs. Nights/sleep

(NDNDND)

83 COOTEST pV,1 r5.10 cynne. <R 5.10> Hi wurdon 6a on Galgala, & worhton Phase, 64t is f4reldfreols, on 6am feowerteo6an d4ge 64s mon6es on 4fnunge on Iericho feldum. <R 5.11> & 4ton of 64s landes w4stmum on 6am o6rum d4ge, on that(6am) #th day of the month sg N calendarday event(/series) passoverfeast/days of the month

84 COOHTWU3 p19 r1.19.24 rd seglode fram Sciringes heale, 9a w4s him on 94t b4cbord Denamearc, & on 94t steorbord wids4 9ry dagas; & 9a, twegen dagas 4r he to H49um come, him w4s on 94t steorbord Gotland, & Sillende, & iglanda f (for) # days pl N natural division event/duration sail

85 COOTEST pXVI,41 r16.41 stor, 6ridde healf hund manna, 94r hi heoldon 9a recelsfata. <R 16.41> Eft on 6am o6rum d4ge eall seo m4niu ceorode ongean Moysen & Aaron, cwe6ende: Ge ofslogon Godes folc. <R 16.42> & seo sa on the(6am) next(o6drum/#th) day sg N calendarday event/series began again/next

86 COEPIHOM p164 r15 dignesse. <R 15> Ac hw4t is 9am men betere to 9encenne 9onne embe his sawle 9earfe and hw4nne se d4g cume, 9e he scyle wi6 9one lichaman seo sawle ged4lan and hwilce lad9eowas heo h4bbe and hwider the day may come sg M moment/time .

87 CODURHAM p12 r10.24 die redemptionis\) [{bro6ro{] n4lla6 gie 94tte unrotsiga gast haligne in 6on gimercado aron gie on d4gi gilesnisses. <R 10.25> (\Fratres omnis amaritudo et ira et indignatio et clamor et blasphemia tolla on (redemption) day sg N special day event gilesnisses/redemptionday latin

88 COTEMPO p6 r1.10 ddan heofenan, & he 64r gehyrde 6a digelan word 6e nan man sprecan ne mot. <R 1.10> On 6am 6riddan d4ge gesceop se 4lmihtiga God s4, & eor6an, & ealle eor6lice spryttinga. <R 1.11> 9as 6ry dagas w4ron bu on the #th day sg N calendarday event(/series) world's creation, (no ~night) astro/creation/time

89 COLINDIS p87 r8.22 cipuli eius et ait ad illos transfretemus trans stagnum et ascenderunt\) aworden w4s 6a on an 6ara dagana & he astag on an scipp & 6egnas his & cuoe6 to him vel to 64m ofercearfa we vel ofer 94t luh & asti on # of those days pl N natural division event sth made/done

90 COMETRPS p7 r55.1 on minne drihten deorne getreowige. <R 55.1> Miltsa me drihten, for6on me man trede6, and me ealne d4g mid unrihte fynd onfeohta6 9urh facensearu. <R 55.2> And me f4cne treda6 feondas mine, do6 94t ealn every(ealne) dag sg N natural division frequency/event every/attack

91 COLAECE p330 r37.1.8 <R 37.1.8> Gif on wife sie dead bearn wyl on meolce & on w4tre hleomoc & polleian, sele drincan on d4g tuwa. <R 37.1.9> Georne is to wyrnanne bearneacnum wife 94t hio aht sealtes ete o66e swetes o99e be a day sg N calendarday frequency two a day

92 CODURHAM p43 r23.1 diebus illis stephanvs plenvs gratia et fortitudine faciebat prodigia et signa magna in populo\) in dagum 64m [{stefan{] full gefe & strenge he gidyde vel so6 taceno & beceno micla in folce. <R 23.2> (\Sur in those(64m) days pl M moment/time event thanks and signs latin

93 CODOCU4 p236 r102 9is is into Anduer6eshoh hundred, 94t is IIII si6a twenti hida & X hida 9us hit was on Edwardes d4ge kynges. <R 103> & 9erof is gewered V & XX hide inland & IX & XXX hide weste. <R 105> 9is is int during(on) X's reign/time enk M span: reign . as king

94 COWULF4 p117 r20 9inc6 94t hit [^TORONTO CORPUS: hi^] sy 9am timan swy6e gehende, for6am 9eos woruld is fram d4ge to d4ge a swa leng swa wyrse. <R 23> Nu is mycel neod eac eallum Godes bydelum 94t hy Godes folc warnian g from(fram) day to day sg N/I calendarday/gradually event world gets worse

95 COVESPS p33 r36.12 htwisan & grymetad ofer hine mid to6um his dryhten so6lice bismera6 hine for 6on geloca6 64t cyme6 deg his (\Obseruabit peccator iustum et fremebit super eum dentibus suis, dominus autem inridebit eum X's day comes sg M moment/time .

96 CODOCU3 p54 r15 ohter. <R 15> & he ann his wife 94s landes 4t Cylleshale & 4t Eowniglade & 4t Hrodene 9a hwile hire d4g beo. <R 17> & ofer hire d4g ga 94t land eft in min cynn 9a 64r nehste syn. <R 18> & Wulfgyfe minre while(hwile) X lives sg M span: life . . testament

97 COBYRHTF p82 r82.27 > Se d4g w4s amearcod on Godes foresceawunge. <R 82.27> On 9am d4ge w4ron englas gesceapene; on 9am d4ge w4s se heahengel Gabriel asend to Sancta Maria; on 9am 64ge he aras of dea6e; on 9am d4ge Godes gas on the(9am) day sg N calendarday event world's creation astro: computus

98 COAELIVE pII,308 r5 6am, 94t heora gedwyld ne derige digellice 4nigum. <R 5> Se halga georius w4s on h49enum dagum rice ealdorman under 6am re9an casere 9e w4s Datianus geciged, on 64re scire Cappadocia. <R 8> 9a h in heathen days pl M moment/time event being heathen

99 CODOCU3 p164 r32 t land cl4ne Leofrice. <R 32> & Leofric & Wulfstan & Wulfric 9am bisceope cl4ne land & unbesacan 4r d4ge & 4fter to gyfanne 94r him leofost w4re. <R 34> Her swutela6 seo gewitnes & se borh 9e 94r 4t w4ro "before day/life(/death)" sg M span: life . inheritance

100 COAELET4 p56 r917 rowode sylfwilles dea6 on rode ahangen for ure alysednysse, & of dea6e aras on 9am 6riddan d4ge, & astah to heofenum to his heofenlican f4der gewunnenum sige, & gewylt ealle 9ing, & cym6 to deme on the(6am) #th day sg N calendarday event/~event arisal of Chr/~death of Chr

ANALYSED SAMPLES OLD ENGLISH DAY

ID NR TEXTNAME page/rule SAMPLE CONSTRUCTION number N/O specified focus on/taken from day by… COTEXT CONTEXT

ANALYSED SAMPLES OLD ENGLISH DAY

101 COMARTYR p31 r375 ibbecoss. [} [\9 MARCH: FORTY SOLDIERS OF SEBASTEA\] }] <R 375> [\MA09 A 1\] On 6one nyge6an d4g 64s mon6es bi6 feowertiges c4mpena 6rowung on Sebastia 64re ceastre on Licinis tidum 64s cyninges. [DATE,] on that(6one) #th day of the month sg N calendarday (datum/)event . "calendar"

102 COMARTYR p240 r2349 enesse gewiton on Persida m4g6e ond bodedon Cristes geleafan ond dydon unrim wundra on 64s cyninges dagum se w4s nemned Exerses. <R 2352> [\OC28 A 9\] 94r hy gedydon 64t cild sprecende 94t ne w4s anre niht during(on) X's reign/time pl M span: reign . .

103 COTEMPO p8 r1.14 <R 1.13> On 6am ylcan d4ge he geworhte ealle steorran, & tida gesette. <R 1.14> On 6am fiftan d4ge he gesceop eal wyrmcynn, & 6a micclan hwalas & eal fisccynn, on mislicum & menigfealdum hiwum. <R 1 on the #th day sg N calendarday event(/series) world's creation, (no ~night) astro/creation/time

104 COAELET4 p20 r108 alle his gegadan of 6am Godes hirede in to helle wite be heora gewirhtum. <R 108> 6a on 6am sixtan d4ge, si99an 6is gedon w4s, gesceop se 4lmihtiga God mannan of eor6an ADAM mid his handum & him sawle fo on the(6am) #th day sg N calendarday event(/series) world's creation, (no ~night)

105 CODURHAM p19 r12.3 acito exaudiui te et in die salutis auxiliatus sum tui\) in tide gicuoemlicum ic giherde 6ec & on (}d4g}) h4les helpend am 6ines. <R 12.4> (\Dominus deus aperuit mihi aurem ego autem non contra dico retr on day (of salvation(h4les)) sg N special day event h4les/salvationday latin

106 COAELET4 p6 r21 aworpenum wife; ac, ealswa we 4r s4don, on sumum m4dene. <R 21> Hy mihton 9a wel habban wif on 9am dagum. <R 22> For9an 9e hy n4fre ne m4ssedon, ne menn ne husledon; ac offrodon nytenu on 9a ealdan wisan. on those(9am) days pl M moment/time event have a wife past

107 COCHROE4 p215 r1083.30 teone gewundade. <R 1083.30> & on 94s ilcan geares for6ferde Mahtild Willelmes cynges cwen. on 9one d4g 4fter ealra halgena m4ssed4g. <R 1083.32> And on 9es ylcan geares 4fter midewintre se cyng let beod on the(9one) day after sg N calendarday event/~datum died/~all saints' day

108 COMARTYR p11 r35 9e 6one halgan d4g 4t drihtnes 4tywnesse, 94t is se drihtnes halga twelfta d4g, drihtnes fullwihtes d4g. [} [\6 JANUARY: EPIPHANY, BAPTISM OF CHRIST ETC.\] }] <R 39> [\JA06 A 1\] On 6one sextan d4g 94s m (baptism) day sg N special day event baptism of Christ

109 COOTEST pV,1 r5.9 icstowe, o6 64t hi geh4lede wurdon, & heton 6a stowe Galgala. <R 5.9> Drihten cw46 to Iosue: Nu to d4g ic adyde 94ra Egyptiscra hosp fram eowrum cynne. <R 5.10> Hi wurdon 6a on Galgala, & worhton Phase, to day sg N calendarday event nu/ god assigns

110 COMARTYR p10 r15 Iudea folces, 94t 9onne w4s 94t hie 4ghwelcum cnihtcilde ymbsnidon 94t werlice lim on 64m eahte9an d4ge 4fter his acennysse, ond seo cl4snung him w4s swa halig swa us is fullwiht. <R 19> [\JA01 A 8\] Ond on the #th day after sg N calendarday event child's birth

111 COBYRHTF p64 r64.8 R 64.7> [} (\DE BISSEXTO.\) }] <R 64.8> On 9am geare 9e man h4t (\solarem\) on Lyden beo6 9reo hund daga & fif & syxtig daga, & syx tida. <R 64.9> 9a synd on Lyden (\quadrantes\) genemned. <R 64.10> Of 9i # days pl N calendarday duration per year astro: computus

112 COMARTYR p11 r35 acennisse, ac ic do mid 9e 6one halgan d4g 4t drihtnes 4tywnesse, 94t is se drihtnes halga twelfta d4g, drihtnes fullwihtes d4g. [} [\6 JANUARY: EPIPHANY, BAPTISM OF CHRIST ETC.\] }] <R 39> [\JA06 A 1\] #th day sg N calendarday ~event/series of Christ's life

113 COLINDIS p37 r2.44 nt eum inter cognatos et adnotos\) woendon uutedlice hine 94tte were hia mi6 fylgende cuomon geong d4ges & eft sohton hine betuih freondo & cu6o. <R 2.45> (\et non inuenientes reuersi sunt in hierusalem a day's (journey(geong)) sg N natural division duration/event journey

114 COBLICK p71 r110 s, he w4s to cinge ongyten & gehered, ge of cilda mu9e gecnawen & weor9ad. <R 110> & on 94m 4fteran d4ge he awergde 94t fictreow, on 94m he nanne w4stm ne funde; 94t getacna9 9a synfullan 9e nabba9 nanne on the next(/#th) day sg N calendarday event/series ~weekdays/protect tree

115 CODURHAM p48 r28.3 prestitit sempiternam quam posset nosse presentem per\) giliornia cirica 6in god cildra vel 6a to (}d4g}) ue wor6ia6 bisene smylte vel [{bli6elic{] gihalde arf4stnise 6io aerist lif gisili6 ece 94t vel 6 to day sg N calendarday event revere latin

116 COAELET4 p19 r67 god cim6 of him; & 6a englas 9a wunodon on 9am wuldre mid Gode. <R 67> Hw4t, 9a binnan six dagum, 9e se so6a God 9a gesceafta gesceop, 9e he gescippan wolde, gesceawode se an engel 9e 94r 4nlicos within(binnan) # days pl N calendarday event world's creation

117 CODURHAM p5 r5.4 erdedo vel [{asuoenc{] 6u gifylldest arise6 in 6iostrum leht 6in & 6iostro 6ino bi6on suoelce mid (}d4g}) . <R 5.5> (\Ecce non est adbreuiata manus domini vt saluare nequeat neque adgrauata est auris eiu mid day sg O . D light/ vs dark latin

118 COMARTYR p13 r78 o\) 9one lofsang foran to m4ssan. [} [\9 JANUARY: ST. PEGA\] }] <R 78> [\JA09 A 1\] On 6one nyge6an d4g 64s mon6es bi6 sancte Pegean geleornes 64re halgan f4mnan. <R 79> [\JA09 A 3\] Heo w4s sancte Gutla [DATE,] on that(6one) #th day of the month sg N calendarday (datum/)event . "calendar"

119 COGENESI p6 r129 de wi6 sciman. <R 128> Sceop 9a bam naman, lifes brytta. <R 129> Leoht w4s 4rest 9urh drihtnes word d4g genemned, wlitebeorhte [{gesceaft{] . <R 131> Wel licode frean 4t frym6e for9b4ro tid, d4g 4resta; day sg O . D(~light) God naming light day

120 COBEDE p432 r13.432.14 fullfremednesse, 94t hio sona sion to heofona rice gel4dde. <R 13.432.14> Ealle 6a hw46re in domes d4ge to Cristes gesih6e & to gefean 94s heofonlican rices ingonga6. <R 13.432.16> For6on swa hwelc swa i on(in) Dooms day sg N special date domes judgmentday

121 COAPOLLO p6 r5.5 ast and nis naht 94t 9u segst; ac 9u h4fst beheafdunge geearnad. <R 5.5> Nu l4te ic 6e to 9rittigra daga f4ce 94t 9u be9ence 6one r4dels ariht, and 6u si66an onfoh minre dohtor to wife, and gif 6u 94t ne (a period of ) # days pl N calendarday duration period/length

122 COTEMPO p16 r2.2 ihtes d4ge, for6an 6e se emnihtes d4g is se feor6a d4g 9issere worulde gesceapennysse. <R 2.2> 6ry dagas w4ron 4r 6am d4ge buton sunnan & monan & eallum steorrum; & on 9am feor6an d4ge 9yssere worulde ge # days pl N calendarday event day's of creation/sun&moon astro/creation/time

123 CODOCU1 p1 r12 orecuaedenan word fulliae, & bebeode 64t mon ymb tu4lf mona6 hiora tid boega 6us geweor6iae to anes daeges to Oswulfes tide ge mid godcundum godum ge mid aelmessan ge aec mid higna suesendum. <R 16> 6onne b agreement day sg N special date anes=anness

124 CODOCU3 p188 r18 & Melentun & se haga binnan port 9e 4gelric himsylfan getimbrod h4fde. <R 18> & 4fter heora twegra d4ge fo se arcebisceop Eadsige 94rto gyf he leng libbe 94nne hi o66e loc hwa his 4ftergencga 94nne beo after(ofer) X's lifetime sg M span: life . . testament

125 COMARTYR p22 r221 <R 221> [\JA20 B 5\] Ond he h4fde 64re burge biscopdom 9reottyne gear ond 4ndlefen mona6 ond twelf dagas, ond he ge6rowade eft on Decies dagum 94s caseres martyrdom for Criste, ond his lichoma reste6 in # days pl N calendarday duration

possession: # years, # months, #

days

126 COBEDE p266 r3.266.31 am heofonlecan medum cegdon & la6odon, 9a ic symle lufade & wilnade. <R 3.266.31> Ond 4fter seofon dagum heo eft hweorfende & cumende me gehehton; & me 9onne mid him l4dan woldon. <R 3.266.33> 94t w4s swa after(4fter) # days pl N calendarday ~event angel comes twice

127 COPROGNO p 43 r4 6 god an to fixanne. <R 4> On IIII nyhta monan sibba 9a cidenda men, & 9u hie gesibbast, & on 9one d4g sec 9ine fiend, & 9u hie gemetest, & hi gebeo6 gewaldne; Se IIII nihta mona se by6 god 94m ergenda on that(9one) day sg N calendarday event(/datum) reconciliation/moon 3 nights old

128 COMARTYR p23 r247 on eor6an lufade. [} [\22 JANUARY: ST. VINCENT\] }] <R 247> [\JA22 A 1\] On 6one twa ond twentig6an d4g 94s mon6es bi6 sancte Uincentes 6rowung 94s diacones, se 9rowade in Hispania 64re m4g6e on 64re cea [DATE,] on that(6one) #th day of the month sg N calendarday (datum/)event . "calendar"

129 COBEOWUL p8 r194 am gefr4gn Higelaces 9egn, god mid Geatum, Grendles d4da; se w4s moncynnes m4genes strengest on 94m d4ge 9ysses lifes, 49ele ond eacen. <R 198> Het him y6lidan godne gegyrwan, cw46, he gu6cyning ofer swan on that(94m) day sg N calendarday/time? event is strong/has heard/…in this life

130 CODOCU3 p188 r5 e arcebisceope on ece yrfe. <R 5> 9is synd 94nne 9a forewyrd 94t 4gelric h4bbe 94t land 4t Cert his d4g & 4fter his d4ge ga 94nne 94t land 9am arcebisceope Eadsige on hand swa gegodod swa heom bam gerisa for(4t) X's lifetime sg M span: life . . testament

131 COMARTYR p37 r438 sum 94t he w4s 4t gereordum on sumre 49elre abbadissan mynster. <R 438> [\MA20 B 11\] 6a he aras on d4ge of undernr4ste, 6a s4de he 94t hine 6yrste, and het him beran w4ter to 94t he mihte onbergean. <R by(on) day sg O . D (arise from nap)

morningrest; undern is from 9-12

am

132 CODOCU4 p234 r81 r6e healf gerde. <R 81> 9is is into Stoce hundred, 94t is fourti hida swa hit weron on Edwardes d4ge kynges. <R 82> & 9erof his gewered eahtetende healf hide & 4lleofte healf hide inland & XII hide we during(on) X's reign/time enk M span: reign . as king

133 COCURA p 245 r35.245.2 nwaldes hie 6reade Soffonias se witga, 6a he cu46: Giet cym6 se micla & se m4ra & se egeslica Godes d4g, se d4g bi6 irres d4g & 6iestra d4g & mistes & gebreces & biemena d4g & gedynes ofer ealla truma c the dreadful God's day sg N special day

134 COCHROE4 p246 r1114.41 n 9es d4ges (\xi kalend4 Octobris\) , on 9one tuna 9e man cleopa6 Rugenore. <R 1114.41> & 9es ylces d4ges eode se cyng on scipa on Portesmu6e. <R 1115.1> Her w4s se cyng Henri to Natiuite6 on Normandig. & (of) the same(ylces) day sg N calendarday event/datum shipped/DATE

135 CODOCU3 p34 r10 e & for mire sawle. <R 10> & ic gean 9es landes 4t Wudaham B4orhtno6e 4aldormen & mire swust4r hyre d4g & ofer hire deg into sancta Marian cyrcan 4t Byorcingan. <R 13> & ic gean 9es landes 4t Hedham B4o after(ofer) X's lifetime sg M span: life . . testament

136 COTEMPO p66 r8.15 4stme & on wanunge, & swa swa se mona d4ghwomlice feower pricon lator arist, 6onne he on 6am o6rum d4ge dyde, swa eac seo s4 symle feower pricon lator flew6. <R 8.9> [} (\DE DIUERSIS STELLIS.\) }] <R 9. on the day before(o6rum) sg N calendarday ~past incl. moonrise/~mooncycle astro/creation/time

137 CODOCU2 p52 r27 s 4t Hamme 4ffan ofer minne d4g. <R 27> & heo tilige 94ron uncer begea sawla 9earfe & feormige 9rie dagas 9a Godes 9eowas 94r min lic reste on Eastron & ofer hiere d4g into Winteceastre to 94m ealdan hiere (a) # days' (supply) pl N natural division duration/event "feast"

138 COMARTYR p10 r27 4r 6on 9e heo geeacnad w4re. [} [\3 JANUARY: POPE ANTEROS\] }] <R 27> [\JA03 A 1\] On 6one 9riddan d4g 64s mon6es bi6 94s halgan papan tid 9e is nemned sancte Antheri. <R 28> [\JA03 A 2\] He w4s Grecisc [DATE,] on that(6one) #th day of the month sg N calendarday (datum/)event .

139 COBEOWUL p82 r2646 gefremmanne, folces hyrde, for 6am he manna m4st m4r6a gefremede, d4da dollicra. <R 2646> Nu is se d4g cumen 94t ure mandryhten m4genes behofa6, godra gu6rinca; wutun gongan to, helpan hildfruman, 9ende the day has come sg M moment/time .

140 COANDREA p37 r1245 drad fram synnum, 9eah he sares swa feala deopum dolgslegum dreogan sceolde. <R 1245> Swa w4s ealne d4g o664t 4fen com [{sigetorht{] swungen. <R 1246> Sar eft gewod ymb 94s beornes breost, o694t beorht g all(ealne) day sg O . D(vs evening/sundown) til evening comes/sunset

141 COGENESI p7 r143 hie gesundrode; si66an 4fre drugon and dydon drihtnes willan, ece ofer eor6an. <R 143> 6a com o6er d4g, leoht 4fter 9eostrum. <R 144> Heht 9a lifes weard on mereflode middum weor6an hyhtlic heofontimber another(o6er) day sg O . D after night/~light/vs dark

142 CODURHAM p57 r62.3 adsignauit eam uiuam notum autem factum est per uniuersam iopen et crediderunt multi in domino\) in d4gum 6aem salde hond 64m uife ahof hia & mi6 6y gicliopade 6a halga [{war{] & 6a widuo togimercade hia l in those(64m) days pl M moment/time event latin

143 COSOLOMO p25 r5.1 wealdum hafa6. <R 5.1> Saga me on hu [{fala{] dagum God geworhte ealle gesceafta? Ic 9e secge on vi d4gum God gesceop ealle gesceafta. <R 5.2> On 9am 4rostan d4ge he gesceop leoht. <R 5.3> On 9am 4fteran d in(on) # days pl N calendarday event God creates

144 COBYRHTF p62 r62.19 ig; & on 9issum mon6e g46 seo sunne on 94t tacn 9e is (\Aquarium\) genemned, & 94ron wuna6 9rittig daga & tyn tida & healfe tid. <R 62.24> (\DE FEBRVARIO\) . <R 62.25> Se o6er mon6 hatte Februarius. He h # days pl N calendarday duration per month astro: computus

145 COCHAD p180 r203 hwe6ere 9et ne meg uncu6 beon 9et swa swi6e halig wer segde. <R 203> Sancte Ceadda for6ferda in 9am dege (\sexta nonas martis\) . <R 204> & he wes erest bebyrged be sancta Marian cirican ac efter9on 9er m on that day sg N calendarday ~datum

146 COTEMPO p18 r2.4 6or ymbe 6as emnihte swi6or sprecan on gedafenlicere stowe; & we secga6 nu sceortlice 94t se forma d4g 6yssere worulde is geteald to 6am d4ge 9e we hata6 (\Quinta decima kalendas Aprilis\) , & 64s emnih the #th day sg N calendarday event

day's of creation/of this

world/DATE astro/creation/time

147 COVESPS p15 r18.2 rymenis (\Caeli enarrant gloriam dei, et opera manvum eius annuntiat firmamentum.\) . <R 18.2> deg dege roccette6 word & neht nehte getacna6 wisdom (\Dies diei eructat uerbum, et nox nocti indicat scient day by day sg O . O vs night(~wisdom)(/speech)

148 COMARTYR p219 r2127 de his si6f4t 64s mynstres bro6rum. <R 2127> [\SE25 A 8\] Ond si66an he on si6e w4s, he asong 4lce d4ge tuwa his saltere ond his m4ssan, butan 6am anum d4ge 6e he on s4 w4s ond 9rim dagum 4r his ended4g each(4lce) day #x sg N calendarday frequency (of event) 2x/each day

149 COWSGOSP p60 r6.40 sende 94t 4lc 9e 6one sunu gesyh9 & on hine gelyf6 h4bbe ece lif & ic hine awecce on 9am ytemestan d4ge. <R 6.41> 6a murcnodon 9a Iudeas be him for9am 9e he cw46, ic eom hlaf 9e of heofonum com. <R 6.42> on the last(/#th) day sg N special day ~judgment day

150 COBYRHTF p46 r46.10 endebyrdnysse geondscri6 se circul his ryne: gyme 9u, cleric, gif 9u wille. <R 46.10> 6eah 6e ealle dagas 4lce geare habbon heora (\concurrentes\) , synderlice se d4g 9e by6 on (\ix kl Aprl\) getacna6 hu all(ealla)/# days pl N calendarday series ~year/~hours astro: computus

ID NR TEXTNAME page/rule SAMPLE WORDFORM CONSTRUCTION number N/O focus COTEXT CONTEXT

1 COLAW2 p90 r1.1 r 9am we bebeoda6, 94tte ealles folces 4w & domas 6us sien gehealdene: Cild binnan 6ritegum nihta sie gefulwad; gif hit swa ne sie, XXX scillinga gebete. <R 2.1> Gif hit 6onne sie dead butan fulwi nihta # nights pl N Law

2 COEXODUS p92 r37 rda hryre heaf w4s geniwad, sw4fon seledreamas, since berofene. <R 37> H4fde manscea6an 4t middere niht frecne gefylled, frumbearna fela, abrocene burhweardas. <R 39> Bana wide scra6, la6 leodhata, land niht at mid night sg O

3 COBYRHTF p62 r62.17 ide. <R 62.17> & he h4f6 an & 9rittig daga 4fter sunnan ryne, & 4fter 94s monan ryne 9rittig, & seo niht by6 [{syxtyne{] tida lang, & se d4g h4f6 eahta tida. <R 62.19> Ealra tida 9es mon6 h4f6 seofon hun niht the night sg O hours vs day computus

4 COOTEST pVII,1 r7.12 eofenan w4ter6eotan w4ron geopenode. <R 7.12> & hit rinde 6a ofer eor6an feowertig daga & feowertig nihta on an. <R 7.17> W4s 6a geworden micel flod & 6a w4teru w4ron gemenifylde & [{ahefdon{] up 6one arc.nihta # days & # nights pl O vs day

5 COMETRPS p60 r89.5 m, ece drihten, 9usend wintra bi6 9on anlicast, swa geostran d4g gegan w4re. <R 89.5> And swa hi on niht hyrdnesse neode beganga6, ne heora winterrim for wiht ne do6. <R 89.6> Morgen gewite6 swa gemolsnadniht at night sg O don't take out herd

6 COBEOWUL p70 r2267 {for6{] onsended. <R 2267> Swa giomormod gioh6o m4nde an 4fter eallum, unbli6e [{hwearf{] d4ges ond nihtes, o664t dea6es wylm hran 4t heortan. <R 2270> Hordwynne fond eald uhtscea6a opene standan, senihtes day & night sg O vs day

7 COBEOWUL p23 r702 htum. <R 700> So6 is gecy9ed 94t mihtig god manna cynnes weold [{wideferh6{] . <R 702> Com on wanre niht scri6an sceadugenga. <R 703> Sceotend sw4fon, 9a 94t hornreced healdan scoldon, ealle buton anum. <niht at X night sg O

8 COBLICK p133 r37 yses d4ges weor9unga, he cw49, Mid 9on d4ge w4s gefylled se d4g 9e is nemned Pentecosten ymb fiftig nihta 4fter 94re gecy9dan 4riste, 9a w4ron ealle 9a apostolas wunigende on anre stowe. <R 41> 9a w4s gewonihta over # nights after X pl N Homilies

9 COBENRUL p25 r7.64 9er heora 4nig andgyttol sy and God secende, and nu fram 9am englum us bet4htum ure weorc d4ges and nihtes drihtne, urum scyppendum, beo6 gebodude, us is miclom to warnienne, leofe gebro9ra, swa hit on 9am nihtes day & night sg O vs day

10 COPROGNO p297 r2 he na mycle sorge, & he bi6 ges4lig be his gebyrde. <R 2> Gif mon bi9 acenned on mannand4g o66e on niht, he bi6 manna goda gitsiende & la6 & oft seoc & hunhal. <R 3> Gif on tiwesd4g o66e on nih niht on Monday or on night sg O vs day

11 COBYRHTF p90 r90.15 (\bissextus\) , 9e 4fre binnan 9am feor6an geare cym6 mid gewisse, & Martius sceal habban 9rittig nihta ealdne monan for9am hyt him swa gedihte mid fulre mihte se 6e mid eallum gesceade 9a 9ing gegadero nihta # night-old (moon) pl O/N? moon age

computus/ Science:

astronomy

12 COLAECE p36 r2.21.6 wyrte swi6e, meng wi9 win, do on cyperen f4t o99e on 4renum fate hafa, l4t standan seofon niht o99e ma, awringe 9a wyrta swi6e cl4ne, gedo pipor on & geswet swi9e leohtlice mid hunige, do si99a niht seven night pl N Handbooks: medecine

13 COBLICK p199 r61 gedon h4fdon ge on f4stenne, ge on sealmsange, ge on 4lmessan, 6a w4s 94m ilcan biscepe 4tiewed on niht se hea & se halga heahengel Michahel. <R 63> & him 9a ea6modlice & luflice tospr4c & 9us cw46, Weorniht at night sg O

14 COOTEST pI,1 r1.5 t hit god w4s, & he tod4lde [{94t{] leoht fram 6am 6ystrum. <R 1.5> & het 64t leoht d4g & 9a 6ystru niht: 6a w4s geworden 4fen & merigen an d4g. <R 1.6> God cw46 6a eft: Gewur6e nu f4stnys tomiddes 6am w4 niht night sg O

God's creation/~dark/vs

day&light

15 COLAECE p324 r30.1.1 n godne d4l, curmeallan, gescearfa 9as wyrta on god hluttor eala o99e wylisc ealu, l4t standan III niht bewrigen, sele drincan scenc fulne tide 4r o9rum mete. <R 30.1.5> Wi9 9eore & wi9 sceotendum wenne niht # nights pl O/N? duration let stand

medicin/Handbooks:

medecine

16 COMETBOE p170 r12.15 estonda6 and se stearca wind nor6an and eastan. <R 12.15> N4negum 9uhte d4g on 9once, gif sio dimme niht 4r ofer eldum egesan ne brohte. <R 12.18> Swa 9inc6 anra gehw4m eor6buendra sio so6e ges4l6 symle 6niht the dark night sg O vs day

17 COPROGNO p21 r1 P 21> <R 1> On anre nihte ealdne monan 94t cild, 94t swa bi6 acenned, 94t bi6 liflic. <R 2> On II nihte aldne monan, 94t bi6 seoc & sicle. <R 3> On III nihte aldne monan, se leofa6 lange. <R 4> On IIII nihte on # night-old (moon) pl N? moon age Handbooks: astronomy

19 CORUSHW p39 r4.2 ieiunasset xlta diebus et xlta noctibus post ea esuriit\) & 9a he f4st4 feowertig daga & feowertig n4hta 4fter 9on hine hyngrade. <R 4.3> (\et accedens ad eum temptator dixit ei si filius dei es dic ut la n4hta # days and # nights pl O vs day

20 COAPOLLO p8 r6.16 ihtsumum reafum, and swa mid feawum 9am getrywestum mannum on scip astah on 6are 9riddan tide 9are nihte and sloh ut on 6a s4. <R 7.1> 9a 6y 4ftran d4ge w4s Apollonius gesoht and geacsod, ac he ne w4snihte (on the #th hour) of the night sg O vs day after

21 COMARTYR p18 r150 0> [\JA17 A 10\] Ond hine 94r deofla costodon mid oferm4te uncl4ne luste, efne swa 94t hi eodon on niht to him on geglengedra wifa hiwe. <R 152> [\JA17 A 12\] 64r he geseah eac 9one fulan gast 9e men l4r niht at night sg O

22 COBYRHTF p64 r64.11 . <R 64.11> Feower si6on syx beo6 feower & twentig: swa fela tida beo6 94nne on 9am d4ge & on 94re nihte. <R 64.14> [} (\DE BISSEXTO.\) }] <R 64.15> Gyt we eow cy6a6 ymbe 9one arwyr6an (\bissextum\) . <R nihte in the night sg O total hours+day computus

23 COLAECE p338 r46.1.1 allum eagna w4rce ceow wulfes comb, wring 9onne 9urh h4wenne cla6 wyllenne on 9a eagan 94t seaw on niht 9onne he restan wille & on morgen do 4ges 94t hwite 94r on. [}.XLVII.}] <R 47.1.1> Vi9 lyft adle niht at night sg O rest/vs morning medicin

24 COLAW3 p252 r25 um{] & rihtymbrenum & fram (\Aduentum Domini\) o6 (\octabas Epiphanige\) & fram Septuagessima o6 XV niht ofer eastran. <R 25.1> & beo 9am halgan tidan, ealswa hit [{riht{] is, eallum Cristenum mannum sibb niht # nights after pl N Law

25 COTEMPO p56 r7.6 <R 7.6> Witodlice 4lc 64ra feower geara agif6 six tida, 94t sind feower & twentig tida, an d4g & an niht. <R 7.7> 9one d4g setton Romanisce witan to 6am mon6e 9e we hata6 (\Februarius\) , for6an 6e se mon niht # day & # night sg O vs day/totaal 24h/schrikkeldag astro

26 COPROGNO p23 r12 10> On X, se bi6 9rowere. <R 11> On XI nihte aldne monan, se bi6 landes oferg4nge. <R 12> On XII nihte aldne monan, se bi6 on allum 9ingum wur6ful. <R 13> On XIII nihte, se bi6 4wfest & rihtwis. nihte # night (old) moon pl O/N? moon Handbooks: astronomy

27 COCYNEW p131 r624 aldne ni6, synne gesohte. <R 624> Ic 9a sorge gemon, hu ic bendum f4st bisga unrim on anre niht earfe6a dreag, yfel orm4tu. <R 626> 9a seo eadge biseah ongean gramum, [{Iuliana{] , gehyrde heo he niht # night sg O

after day of torture for

Juliana; speak with wretched

at night

28 COVESPS p11 r16.3 um meum prodeat oculi mei uideant aequitatem.\) . <R 16.3> 6u acunnadest heortan mine & neasades on n4ht mid fyre me amearedes & nis gemoeted in me unrehtwisnis (\Probasti cor meum et uisitasti nocte, ig n4ht at night sg O david visit

29 COLAECE p34 r2.16.3 enim win & fearres geallan begea em fela, gemeng wi9 9y leace, do 9onne on arf4t, l4t standan nigon niht on 9am arfate, awring 9urh cla9 & gehlyttre wel, do on horn & ymb niht do mid fe9ere on 94t eage, s niht # nights pl O/N duration leave # nights

medicin/Handbooks:

medecine

30 COPROGNO p91 r12 6 litle gefrem4dnesse. <R 12> 9eore xvi niht 4fter mycelre tide ag46 9in sweofn. <R 13> 6ere xvii niht & xviii & nigontene in iii & c [{um{] daga bi6 god swefn. <R 14> 6onne se mona bi6 xx niht & i & x niht the #th night sg O/N? ~moon astro/Handbooks: astronomy

32 COMARVEL p63 r22.1 ond on 94m beo6 men acende 9ara eagan scina9 swa leohte swa man micel blacern onele 9eostre nihte. <R 23.1> 6onne is sum ealond 94t is 94s l4ssan milgeteles 9e (\stadia\) hatte on lenge & on br4de nihte dark night sg O vs lamp/~dark

33 COCHRIST p27 r867 e bihl4me6, scire gesceafte, swa oft scea6a f4cne, 9eof 9ristlice, 9e on 9ystre fare6, on sweartre niht, sorglease h4le6 semninga forfeh6 sl4pe gebundne, eorlas ungearwe yfles gen4ge6. <R 875> Swa on Sy niht in dark night sg O dark/sleep

34 COOROSIU p104 r5.104.15 seo longe 4fter 94m weaxende w4s, swa hit heofones tungul on 94m tidun cy9ende w4ron, 94t hit w4s niht o6 midne d4g, & on sumre tide hit hagalade stanum ofer ealle Romane. <R 5.104.21> On 94m dagum w4s niht night sg O vs mid-day/~dark because of hail

35 COCHROA2 p84 r894.11 dleas w4s. & him mon eac mid o9rum floccum sohte m4stra daga 4lce, [{o99e{] [{on{] [{d4g{] o99e on niht. ge of 94re fierde, ge eac of 94m burgum; <R 894.15> h4fde se cyning his fierd on tu tonumen, swa 9 niht at night sg O

36 COBLICK p131 r1 131> [} (\IN DIE PENTECOSTE.\) }] <R 1> Men 9a leofestan, weor9odan we & bremdon nu unfyrn, for ten nihtum, 9one myclan & 9one m4ron symbeld4g Drihtnes upstiges foran to 9yssum ondweardan d4ge. <R 3> weor9inihtum for # nights pl N Homilies

37 COTEMPO p42 r5.5 ungerim f4c betwux hire & 64re eor6an. <R 5.5> Feower & twentig tida beo6 agane, 94t is an d4g & an niht, 4r 6an 6e heo beo 4ne ymbtyrnd & ealle 6a steorran 9e hire on f4ste sind turnia6 onbutan mid hire niht # day & # night sg O

vs day/totaal 24h/firmament rond

aarde astro

38 COLINDIS p29 r2.8 uigilias noctis supra gregem suum\) & 6a hiorde woeron on lond 94t ilca w4ccende & haldendo wacana n4htes ofer edo his. <R 2.9> (\et ecce angelus domini stetit iuxta illos et claritas dei circumfulsit illo n4htes watching night sg O watch

39 COVESPS p15 r18.2 nt gloriam dei, et opera manvum eius annuntiat firmamentum.\) . <R 18.2> deg dege roccette6 word & neht nehte getacna6 wisdom (\Dies diei eructat uerbum, et nox nocti indicat scientiam.\) . <R 18.3> ne s neht night to night sg O vs day

40 COLAECE p356 r68.1.1 htre, bisceopwyrt, 4lf9one, elene, cropleac, hind hiolo9e, ontre, clate, nim 9as wyrta 9onne d4g & niht scade, sing 4rest on ciricean letania & credan & pater noster. <R 68.1.3> Gang mid 9y sange to 9am niht day & night sg O vs day medicin

41 COPROGNO p44 r6 nge6, & sec on 9one d4g 9ine frend, & se9eo stela6 on 9one d4g, ne geahsa6 hit manna. <R 6> On VI nihtne monan do 9onne hig on 9in be6, 6onne hafast 9u 94ron nenige wunelic sar, ac 9u 9er byst gefeonde, hnihtne # night (old) moon pl O/N? moon astro/Handbooks:astronomy

42 COPROGNO p79 r1 arise6. 6is is eallum gem4ne iungum and ealdum. [^B23.3.1.6^] <R 1> 9onne se mone bi6 anre nihte eald, swahw4tswa 9u gesihst, [{94te{] kym6 to gesean. <R 2> On twam nihtum & on iii, ne bi6 on 9am nihte # night old sg N? moon age Handbooks: astronomy

43 COBEOWUL p42 r1333 atol 4se wlanc eftsi6as teah, fylle [{gef4gnod{] . <R 1333> Heo 9a f4h6e wr4c 9e 9u gystran niht Grendel cwealdest 9urh h4stne had heardum clammum, for9an he to lange leode mine wanode ond wyrde. niht (yesterday) night sg O

44 COPROGNO p24 r18 n XVI se bi6 in allum 9ingum nytwyr6e. <R 17> On XVII nihte, se bi6 sona gewiten. <R 18> On XVIII nihte, se bi6 earm & geswingful on his life. <R 19> On XIX, on weor6unge. <R 20> On XX, 94t bi6 sona ge nihte # night (old) moon pl O/N? moon Handbooks: astronomy

45 COCHRIST p29 r934 nded on blodes hiw, seo 6e beorhte scan ofer 4rworuld 4lda bearnum; mona 94t sylfe, 9e 4r moncynne nihtes lyhte, ni9er gehreose6 ond steorran swa some streda6 of heofone, 9urh 6a strongan lyft stormum abe nihtes at night sg O

46 COTEMPO p58 r8.1 n6 4nne d4g & ane niht 4fre ymbe feower gear, swa eac 94s monan swyftnys awyrp6 ut 4nne d4g, & ane niht of 6am getele his rynes 4fre embe nigontyne gear, & se d4g is gehaten (\Saltus lune\) , 94t is 64s niht # day & # night sg O vs day/totaal 24h/schrikkeldag astro

47 COMARTYR p225 r2189 ge nihtes. <R 2189> [\SE30 A 9\] 6onne se mona bi6 geendud 6e we nemna6 haligmono6, 9onne bi6 seo niht XII tida long, ond se d4g bi6 94t ilce. [} [\THE BEGINNING OF OCTOBER\] }] <R 2191> [\OC00 A 1\] Oniht the night sg O hours vs day computus

48 COPROGNO p56 r2 Gyf se wind byo6 on 9a forma niht gehadode weras swelta6. <R 2> 94re 4fteran niht & 9ere 9riddan niht bi6 win6, 9onne wespnas forweor6a6. <R 3> 9eore feor6an niht gif wind by6, lef by6 lytel. <R 4> 6 niht the #th night sg O/N ~the lord's birth/Christmas astro/Handbooks: astronomy

49 COLAECE p324 r28.1.1 betonican & wermod, merce, r4dic, finul, gecnua ealle & do on eala, sete 9onne & bewreoh, drinc on neaht nestig scenc fulne. [}.XXVIIII.}] <R 29.1.1> Vi9 bryne, gif mon sie mid fyre ane forb4rned nim neaht at night/evening sg O medicin

50 COLACNU p104 r21.1 beren meala gesyft do 64rto, & swetedne [{eced{] , wyrc to cli6an & do on 9icne cla6 & bind on 9reo niht & 9ry dagas, do eft niwne to, & drince seoca of br4melberian gewrungene oft. <R 22.1> Sing 6is wi6 niht # nights & # days pl O vs day

51 COMARTYR p242 r2376 ona hale. <R 2376> [\OC31 A 20\] 9onne se mona bi6 geendod 6e we nemna6 winterfylle6, 9onne bi6 seo niht XIIII tida long, ond se d4g tyna. <R 2378> [\NO00 A 1\] On 6am endlyftan mon6e on geare bi niht the night sg O hours vs day computus

52 COTEMPO p58 r8.1 eares. <R 8.1> [} (\DE SALTU LUNE.\) }] Swa swa 94re sunnan sleacnys acen6 4nne d4g & ane niht 4fre ymbe feower gear, swa eac 94s monan swyftnys awyrp6 ut 4nne d4g, & ane niht of 6am getele hisniht # day & # night sg O vs day/schrikkeldag astro

53 COPROGNO p90 r4 d ne yfel. <R 3> 64re feor6an nyht & 9eora fiftan wene heo godre gefremednesse. <R 4> 94re syxtan niht, 94t 9u gesyxt, swa hyt byo6, & 9eo wy6 eorfo9u geoscilt. <R 5> 9ere seofo6an nyht, 94t 9u gesixt, niht the #th night sg O/N? ~moon astro/Handbooks astronomy

54 COPROGNO p44 r14 nim eal mid 9eo 9rio fata ful 4les & meolce, & hyt by6 4ac god ceap to milciane. <R 14> On XIIII nihte monan is god 4lc telge to anginnanne 4rest & on niwne hired to f4renne & preost to halgiene & nunn nihte # night (old) moon pl O/N? moon astro/Handbooks astronomy

56 COLAECE p181 r3.1.1 ga, oferlecge 9onne mid linene cla6e o66e mid eowocigre wulle & sele wermod on wearmum w4tere twam nihtum 4r ofgotenne 94t se 9am omum stille & sele 9onne gepiporodne wyrtdrenc. <R 3.1.7> & 6onne sceal monihtum # nights pl N Handbooks: medecine

57 COMARGA p173 r103 hten to gelefanne, 9e gesceop heofonas and eor6an, and he s4 bedraf, 94r 9e heo wrohta6 d4ges and nihtes. <R 106> Olibrius 9a cw46: Gif 9u nylt to minum gode 9e gebiddan, min swyrd sceal 9inne 9one f4grannihtes day & night sg O vs day

59 COPROGNO p44 r13 II nihte monan by6 god to feranne ofer s4 & on hird to ferenne & 4ac to gewyfianne. <R 13> On XIII nihte mone 4ld f4r in niwe hus, & nim eal mid 9eo 9rio fata ful 4les & meolce, & hyt by6 4ac god ceap to nihte # night (old) moon pl O/N? moon astro/Handbooks astronomy

61 COBEOWUL p18 r544 feor fleotan meahte, hra9or on holme; no ic fram him wolde. <R 544> 6a wit 4tsomne on s4 w4ron fif nihta fyrst, o994t unc flod todraf, wado weallende, wedera cealdost, nipende niht, ond nor9anwind hea6ogr nihta # nights pl N Verse/undefined

62 COTEMPO p8 r1.18 e. <R 1.18> So6lice seo sunne g46 be Godes dihte betwux heofenan & eor6an, on d4g bufon eor6an & on niht under 6ysse eor6an, eal swa feorr adune on nihtlicere tide under 94re eor6an swa heo on d4g bufon niht at night sg O vs day/sun's position~earth astro

63 COBENRUL p47 r22.6 estan mid heora ealdrum, 9e embe hy carien. <R 22.6> Leoht on 64m selfum inne singallice ofer ealle niht byrne o6 leohtne mergen. <R 22.7> Hy gew4dode and begyrde resten and nane sex be heora sidan n4bbenniht all night sg O

64 CODURHAM p37 r21.13 te nostra reficiatur infirmitas per dominum\) ue [{bidda9{] [{drihten{] god userne d4ges hefignisse n4htes [{smyltnisse{] underure6 94tte ned64rfo tido ymbhuoerfnise undercymende usra eft sie gihriordad unt n4htes night sg O vs day/quiet

65 COPROGNO p91 r7 le o69e trega. <R 7> 9ere nigo6an niht 94t 9eo gemete6, 94t bio6 butan festnesse. <R 9> 9eore xii niht & 9eore xiii niht ine 9rim dagum 9u gesihst 9in swefn. <R 10> 9eore xiiii nihti ne hafa6 9at nane niht the #th night sg O/N? ~moon astro/Handbooks: astronomy

66 COOTEST pXXII,1 r22.3 am lande Visionis hra6e, & geofra hyne 94r uppan anre dune. <R 22.3> Abraham 6a aras on 94re ylcan nihte & ferde mid twam cnapum to 9am fyrlenum lande, & Isaac samod, on assum ridende. <R 22.4> 9a on 6onenihte in that same night sg O arise/~god spoke to him

68 COBYRHTF p88 r88.12 o sunne g46 on (\xv kl Nouember\) on 94t tacen 9e hatte Scorpio: & 9es mon6 h4f6 feowertyne tida on niht & x on d4ge. <R 88.16> Her4fter cym6 Nouember m4rlice geglenged to mancynne; & he h4f6 9rittig daga niht in night sg O total hours+day computus

69 COMARTYR p16 r114 ded ond 94r w4s understregd mid s4scellum ond mid scearpum stanum, ond 9a godes engel on 64re ilcan niht tobr+ec 64s carcernes duru ond hine 9onan al4dde. [} [\16 JANUARY: POPE MARCELLUS\] }] <R 118> [\Jniht in the same night sg O

71 COPROGNO p56 r10 ht gyf win by6, scep swelta6. <R 9> 64re X niht gyf win by6 treow byo6 fornerwede. <R 10> 64re XI niht gyf wind byo6, 4ale nyetenu forweor6a6. <R 11> 9onne XII niht gyf wind by6, 9onne byo6 mic niht the #th night sg O/N ~the lord's birth/Christmas astro/Handbooks: astronomy

73 COPROGNO p44 r15 n XV nihte monan hys god to fixianne & huntum heortas to secanne & wildeswin. <R 16> On XVI nihte monan far offer s4 & site on 9es scipes for6stefna, 6onne geseces 9u 94t land, swa 9eo leofest beo6 nihte # night (old) moon pl O/N? moon astro/Handbooks: astronomy

74 COMARTYR p240 r2352 agum se w4s nemned Exerses. <R 2352> [\OC28 A 9\] 94r hy gedydon 64t cild sprecende 94t ne w4s anre nihte eald. <R 2353> [\OC28 A 11\] Simones lichoma reste6 on 6am londe Bosfore, ond Thaddeos lichoma in Anihte # night old sg N? newborn Biography: lives

76 COLAECE p46 r4.4.9 6 on hyldan 94t he his nafolan geseon m4ge. <R 4.4.9> & butan his man ra9or tilige he bi9 ymb 9reo niht gefaren. <R 4.4.10> Gif sie 94re adle bryne innan 94s strang 94t mon ne m4ge utan geseon sio bi9 6y niht about # nights pl N

medicin/Handbooks:

medecine

77 COPROGNO p92 r17 xx nihta eald, 94t bi6 cid & geflit. <R 17> 6onne heo bi6 iiii & xx nihta eald, & v & xx & vi & xx nihta eald, 94t bi6 weor6lic ege, on nigon dagum o69e on x 9in swefn ag46. <R 18> 9onne heo bid vii & x nihta # nights old pl N? moon age Handbooks: astronomy

80 COLAECE p30 r2.11.5 dagas & 9onne hio gesoden sie, awring 9a wyrt of & 94s woses geswettes mid hunige gedrinc 4lce d4ge neaht nestig bollan fulne. <R 2.12.1> Ealdes mannes eagan beo9 unscearpsyno. 9onne sceal he 9a eagan neaht at night/evening sg O part of day medicin

ANALYSED SAMPLES OLD ENGLISH NIGHT

ID NR TEXTNAME page/rule SAMPLE WORDFORM CONSTRUCTION number N/O focus COTEXT CONTEXT

ANALYSED SAMPLES OLD ENGLISH NIGHT

81 COLAW2 p56 r13 6erne 4t gem4nan weorce offelle ungewealdes, agife mon 9am m4gum 94t treow, & hi hit h4bben 4r XXX nihta of 9am lande, o66e him fo se to se 6e 6one wudu age. <R 14> Gif mon sie dumb o66e deaf gebornihta # nights pl N Law

83 COOTEST pVII,1 r7.4 bradnysse. <R 7.4> Ic so6lice sende ren nu embe seofan niht ofer eor6an feowertig daga & feowertig nihta tog4dere & ic adylegie ealle 6a edwiste, 6e ic worhte ofer eor6an bradnysse. <R 7.5> Noe 6a dyde ea nihta # days & # nights pl O vs day

84 COCHROA2 p70 r871.18 egen gefliemde, & fela 9usenda ofsl4genra, & onfeohtende w4ron o9 niht. <R 871.18> & 94s ymb xiiii niht gefeaht 49ered cyning & 4lfred his bro6ur wi9 9one here 4t Basengum, & 94r 9a Deniscan sige namon; niht about # nights pl N History

85 COBEDE p122 r8.122.26m ungerecce, se w4s For6here haten, mid 9y manfullan w4pne acwealde. <R 8.122.26> 9a w4s 94re ilcan neahte 94re halgan Eastrena, cende seo cwen dohtor 94m cyninge, 94re noma w4s Eanfl4d. <R 8.122.27> Mid 9yneahte the same night sg O

86 COPROGNO p82 r11 yfeles. <R 11> On xv nihte monan, scorte fulfremmednesse hafa6 94t swefen. <R 12> On xvi nihte monan 4fter langere tide 94t swefen ag46. <R 13> On xvii & on xviii & on xix 94t swefen bi6 god & nihte # night (old) moon pl O/N? moon Handbooks: astronomy

87 COPROGNO p79 r2 9onne se mone bi6 anre nihte eald, swahw4tswa 9u gesihst, [{94te{] kym6 to gesean. <R 2> On twam nihtum & on iii, ne bi6 on 9am swefne ne god ne yfel. <R 3> On iiii & on v 94t bi6 god, wite 9u, nihtum # night (old) moon pl O/N? moon Handbooks: astronomy

88 COLAECE p344 r60.1.1 af, garleac, cropleac, do on win o66e on eced, wring 9urh h4wenne cla6 on 94t eare, l4t standan III niht 4r 9u hine on do. <R 60.1.4> Eft, nim cropleac & sinfullan, gecnua hwon wines to & wring on 94t ear niht # nights pl O/N duration leave # nights

medicin/Handbooks:

medecine

89 COBENRUL p32 r8.1 n6es, 9e is nouember gehaten, o9 eastran, 4fter gesceades foresceawunge, on 94re eahte9an tide 94re nihte is to arisenne, 94t 9a munecas hw4thwara fur9or restan 9onne healfe niht, 94t seo d4ges 9igen tofer nihte #th hour of the night sg O

90 COCHROE4 p244 r1114.12 <R 1114.12> 9ises geares w4ron swi6e mycele windas on Octobris mon6e. ac he w4s orm4te mycel on 9a niht Octabris sancti Martini. & 94t gehw4r on wudan & on tunan gecydde. <R 1114.16> Eac on 9isum geare niht in the night of DATE sg O

91 COCHROE4 p127 r992.8 betr4ppen. <R 992.7> 6a sende se ealdorman 4lfric. & het warnian 9one here. <R 992.8> & 9a on 9ere nihte 6e hi on 6one d4i tog4dere cumon sceoldon. 6a sceoc he on niht fram 94re fyrde him sylfum to myccl nihte in that night sg O vs day

92 COGREGD4 p39 r4.39.2 tyrede. <R 4.39.2> & 9a sona swa he acsode, for hwon se cwide onw4nded w4re, he ong4t, 94t 9y ylcan nihte, 9e him se 4rendraca 4fter w4s s4nded, 94t se apostolica biscop w4s swi6e abreged on swefne 9urh ni nihte the same night sg O

93 CODURHAM p48 r27.5 & gihuidadon hia in blode lombes [{for6on{] aron [{bifora{] hehsedle godes & gihera6 him (}d4g}) & n4ht in temple his ic giherde stefen of heofne cuoe6ende awritt eadgo deado 6a 6e in drihtne bi6on deade n4ht day and night sg O/I vs day/continually

94 COMARTYR p245 r2401 an. <R 2401> [\NO01 C 5\] 6a he 94t ne ge9afode, 9a het he hyne belucan in carcerne VI dagas ond VI niht ond XII gehyngrede hundas mid him 94t he w4re from 6am tobroden. <R 2404> [\NO01 C 9\] 6a w4ron himniht # days & # nights pl O vs day

95 COLACNU p118 r48.1 tene [{pipercorn{] gif 6u wille. <R 48.1> Spiwdr4nc, ado in beor o66e in win finul, l4t standan ane niht, syle drincan. <R 49.1> Wyrc sealfe wi6 heafodw4rce & wi6 li6wyrce & wi6 eahwyrce & wi6 wenne & wi6 niht # night sg O duration leave one night

96 COPROGNO p82 r8 wefen ag46 butan frecednesse. <R 8> On xi nihte 94t swefen kym6 to geafean. <R 9> On twelf nihte & on xiii binnan iii nihtum 9u gesihst, 94t 6e on swefne 4teowde. <R 10> On xiiii nihte, nafa6 94t nihte # night (old) moon pl O/N? moon Handbooks: astronomy

97 COOROSIU p238 r11.238.8 on fultume XXII cyninga. <R 11.238.8> 9a het Pompeius 94t mon 94t f4sten br4ce, & on fuhte d4ges & nihtes, simle an [{legie{] 4fter o9erre unwerig; & 94t folc mid 94m a9rytton 94t hie him on hond eodon, y nihtes day & night sg O duration vs day/fight

98 COPROGNO p44 r10 9u gesundful wy6 hine. <R 10> On X nihtne monan bidde swahwasswa 9u wylle, hyt 9e byo6 gere; Se X nihta mona he ys god to standanne mid 46elum monnum & to sprecanne hymb heora weorc, & eac byscop an to nihta # night (old) moon (UM) pl O/N? moon astro/Handbooks: astronomy

99 COAELIVE pIV,324 r145 t an wulf wear6 asend, 9urh Godes wissunge to bewerigenne 94t heafod wi6 9a o9re deor, ofer d4g and niht. <R 148> Hi eodon 9a secende, and symle clypigende, swa swa hit gewunelic is 9am 6e on wuda ga6 oft niht by day & night sg O vs day

100 CODURHAM p36 r21.5 um\) gefe6oncgunco gidoe ue [{drihten{] haelga f4der [{allm4htig{] ece god 6u 6e usig oferdoene vel n4htes rume [^EDITION: rv~e; TORONTO CORPUS: rune^] to morgenlicum tidum 6erhl4de gimeodumad ar6 ue [{bidn4htes night's time sg O bring through

101 COEXODUS p92 r63 ht, mearchofu morheald. <R 61> Moyses ofer 9a, fela meoringa, fyrde gel4dde. <R 63> Heht 9a ymb twa niht [{tirf4ste{] h4le6, si66an hie feondum o6faren h4fdon, ymbwicigean werodes bearhtme mid 4l niht over # night(s) pl N Verse/undefined

102 COMETRPS p63 r91.2 nnes. <R 91.2> And 9onne on morgene m4gene s4cge, hu he milde wear6 manna cynne, and his so6e s4cge nihtes. <R 91.3> Hw4t, ic on tyn strengum getogen h4fde, hu ic 9e on psalterio singan mihte o66e 9e mid henihtes at night sg O vs morning

103 COGREGD3 p53 r21.53.28 94s Anastasies seofe6an d4ge, w4s eac for6fered se ylca bro6or, se swa 9eah n4s na geciged on 94re nihte betweoh 9a o6re bro6ru, ac hit w4s openlice geswutelod, 94t his for6fore begeat seo 9ingun nihte on the night sg O

105 COLACNU p118 r44.1 eala, [{berend{] & gegnid feowertig lybcorna [{&{] ado 9onne [{into{] 64m wyrtum, l4t standan 9reo niht, syle drincan 4r uhton lytelne sc4nc fulne 94t se dr4nc sy 6e 4r geleored. <R 45.1> 9ridde utyrnend niht # nights pl O/N duration leave # nights Handbooks: medecine

106 COPROGNO p23 r9 dne monan, se leofe6 lange on wur6unge. <R 8> On VIII nihte, 94t iung swelta6. <R 9> On IX nihte aldne, se bi6 frecenlice acenned. <R 10> On X, se bi6 9rowere. <R 11> On XI nihte aldne monan, se nihte # night (old) moon pl O/N? moon Handbooks: astronomy

107 COLAECE p38 r2.23.9 nne ealle, geot 9onne win on l4t standan, aseoh eft on 94t cyperene f4t, l4t 9onne standan fiftyne niht & 9a derstan beo9 gode. <R 2.23.14> Hafa 9e cl4ne fletan, do on 94t f4t 9e 9a derstan on syn swa fe niht # nights pl O/N duration leave # nights

medicin/Handbooks:

medecine

108 COPROGNO p81 r6 n, swahw4tswa 9e 9onne on eage gebyre6, 4fter langre tide cym6 seo geendung. <R 6> On viii & on ix nihte, sona 9e 4tew6, swahw4tswa 9e geswefna6, gif 9u unrotnesse geseo, wend 9in heafud east, bide God anihte # night (old) moon pl O/N? moon Handbooks: astronomy

110 COALEX p19 r359 e swa. <R 359> And 9a 64r on4ldon 9usend fyra & eac fif hund, for 9on ic 94t dyde gif us on niht uncu6es hw4t on becwome 94t we h4fdon 4t 94m fyre leoht & fullaste. <R 363> 9a we 9ara fyra h4fdon niht at night sg O

111 COAPOLLO p28 r18.1 gende 6e him ne forwyrnde cynelices wur6scipes and frofres. <R 18.1> Ac 94t m4den h4fde unstille niht, mid 9are lufe on4led 9ara worda and sanga 9e heo gehyrde 4t Apollonige, and na leng heo ne gebad niht uncalm night sg O

113 COALEX p22 r419 6e we mihton & us w4s sw4lc geswencnis & swilc earfe9o mid deorum becymen in 94re sweartan niht & in 94re 9ystran. <R 423> Swelce eac laforas 94r cwoman unm4tlicre micelnisse, & monig o9er wildeoniht in the dark night sg O dark/sleep

114 COCHROE4 p135 r1004.11 11> & se here com 9a to 9eodforda binnon iii wuca 94s 9e hi 4r gehergodon Nor6wic. & 94r binnon ane niht w4ron. & 9a burh hergodon & forb4rndon. <R 1004.14> 9a on morgen 9a hi to [{scipum{] woldon. 9a co niht within # night sg N(?) duration they were there within one night History

115 COLAW4 p450 r13 cu mot gan mid hlafordes oxan. <R 13> Be kuhyrde: Cuhyrde gebyre6, 94t he h4bbe ealdre cu meolc VII niht, sy66an heo nige cealfod h4f6, & frymetlinge bystinge XIIII niht. <R 13.1> & ga his metecu niht # night(s) (UM) pl

ID NR TEXTNAME page/rule SAMPLE WORDFORM CONSTRUCTION NUMBER N/O specified focus COTEXT CONTEXT

1 CMPRIV p151 an gehet noyn wndyr. Syr, I whryte to yow a prosses: I pray God sende therof a good heynd. The same day that I come to Norlache, on a Sonday befor mattens frome Burforde, Wylliam Mydwyntter wyllcwmyd me,day the same day sg N calendarday series/event same/that I come

2 CMBRUT3 p226 r/ ight # trauaile. And so 9e Englisshemen mette 9e Scottes atte 9e Abbay of # Beiheland, 9e xv day after Michelmasse in 9e same 3er abouesaide; And 9e Englisshe-men wer 9ere descomfited; & at 9at scday the #th day after sg N calendarday ~event/duration Michelmasse

3 CMPHLEBO p45 r/ as is sene of 9e 3=ne=, wiche # ofte tymes is curid be flebotomye. Also it is to wete 9at in 9e day of # accesse & in 9e houre of 9e acsesse ouwi9 mynuscioun to be don if # 9e pacient be stronge day on the day of accession sg N /special day event accession

4 CMMIRK p3 r/ l fyre schall aryse at 9e sonne # goyng downe, and 9en a3eyne at 9e vprysyng of hym. The vij. day all stons and rockes schull vche all tobeton # o9er wyth a hydwes noyse, whech noyse God hymself day the #th day sg N calendarday event ~doomsday events

5 CMGOWER pII,72 e mai be nothing, That it ne comth to knowleching; Thing don upon the derke nyht Is after knowe on daies liht: So it befell, that ate laste Al that this slyhe maiden caste Was overcast and overthrowe. daies in day('s) light sg O D vs night/~light

6 CMMIRK p3 efor. The xiiij. day heuen and er9e schull bren so horrybly, 9at no man may tell hit. The xv. day heuen and er9 schull be made newe, and all men and woymen and childyrne schull aryse vp yn 9e age o day the #th day sg N calendarday event ~doomsday events

7 CMHORN p6 9at schup so faste drof, 9e children dradde 9er of. Hi wenden to wisse Of here lif to misse, Al 9e day and al 9e ni3t, Til hit sprang dai li3t. Til horn sa3 on 9e stronde Men gon in 9e londe. "Feren," q day all the day and all the night sg O D vs night

8 CMMETHAM p150 lede. The .vij. day ys fortunat to begynne alle werkys vp-on; that persone [{that ys born{] that day schuld be dysposyd to be sotel off wytt and dyuerse off condycionnys and chongabyl, and dysposyd to day that day sg N calendarday event/~datum ~moon day/born prediction

9 CMMIRK p82 ke satysfaccyon for 9at gylt, yche man ys # holden by 9e lawe of holy chyrch to fast 9es fourty dayes, outtaken # hom 9at 9e lawe dyspensyth wyth for nede. That ben chyldyr wythyn xxi 3ere, woymen wyt dayes # days pl N calendarday duration time of fasten

10 CMROOD p6 r/ ne 9t 6u his me unne. 6a andswarede him moyses & cw46. 3ewur6e 9in will4; 6a # 64s binnon 4ht4 da3an 6a wolden heo faren of 6am tune 6e heo 9a on w4ron & heo heom 9a to 6an 3earewoden & 9a eode # da3an within # days pl N natural division duration/event leave

11 CMMETHAM p153 be dysposyd to be wyse and trwe and euer to lyve in prosperyte; thow a man falle in-to sekenes that day, he schuld sone recouer; yt ys perlyus to blede that day. The .xx. day ys fortunat to begynne al day that day sg N calendarday event/~datum ~moon day/fall sick prediction

12 CMCAPCHR p214 douteris had he eke - # on of hem was weddid into Denemarc. Thus was he crowned on Seynt Edward day and anoynted with 9at holy oyle 9at was take to Seynt Thomas of Cauntirbury be oure Lady, and he leday St. Edward's day sg N special day

13 CMREYNES p158 ime and aftyrward begynne to counte in 9e day of the chounge of the mone aftrn. 9at prime qwon many dayes ben into 9e day, 9u wylt be letyn blood. And sythyn, loke in what monyt it be, and in the space of dayes many days pl N calendarday ~event ~changing of the moon/moon cycle

14 CMEARLPS p54 r/ nou3t asken 9es # 9ynges; for he knewe 9e hidynges of 9e hert. 24. For we ben slayn al dai for 9e; we ben holden bi as # shepe of sla3tter. 25. Arise vp, Lord; whi dwellestou? arise v dai all day sg N natural division duration/event slain all day

15 CMCTPROS p297.C2 de." The same Seint Paul, after his grete penaunce in water and in lond - in water by nyght and by day in greet peril and in greet peyne; in lond, in famyne and thurst, in coold and cloothlees, and one day by night and by day sg O D vs night

16 CMWYCSER pI,475 wynne 9e blisse of heuene. And 9is marchaundise schulde eche man do specially for 9is cause: for 9e dayes for synne ben # yuele, and maken monye to leese 9er tyme. Poul bygynne9 to sture # 9us to dayes the days of sin pl N special day event

17 CMCURSOR p432 r/ airs; If 9ai win vrs 9at we be 9airs. And her i bede mi-self redi, For to fight for vr parti." Ilk dai he come in place, And batail bede wit sli manace, Ai quen 9at 9e folk him soght sau 9am stode of hi dai each day sg N natural division frequency/event he comes

18 CMLAMBET p45 lswa 9u ibeden hauest from non on saterdai a 9a cume monedeis lihting. 9et efre # for6 to domes dei. Nu leofe bre6re 3e habbe6 iher6 hwa erest bi-won reste 9am forgulte saule. Nu bi-cume6 hit 9erfore dei Dooms day sg N special day

19 CMVESHOM p147 r/ fealle6 Fenix on middan 9t micele # fyr, & wur6 forb4rned eall to duste. 9onne on 9an 9riddan d43e # arise6 se f43ere fugel Fenix of dea6e, & by6 eft ed3ung & f4r6 to # 94re lifes we d43e on the #th day sg N natural division event bird arises from dust

20 CMMETHAM p152 syngulere bateyle vp-on, to take vyage ouer the see, to bye and to selle; he that fallyth seke that day schuld, late or neuyr, recouer; qwat that a man dremyth that day or nyght, yt schuld turne to trwth day that day sg N calendarday event/~datum ~moon day/fall sick prediction

21 CMREYNAR p62 be not a ferde. and make good chere / who that is hardy /thauenture helpeth # hym / Oftymes one day is better than somtyme an hole yere / the foxe saide / Neuew ye saye trouthe / god thanke you ye co day # day sg N calendarday unit of time vs whole year

22 CMEDMUND p137 heym in the beste wyse # that he cowde and promysed theym to be there ayen vpon Seynt Edmondis daye the kyng. And as sone as he came to the towne of Soly he # waxe right sore seke and he knewe welldaye St. Edmund's day sg N special day

23 CMORM pI,5 r/ all 9e follc 94r ute abad, & 9uhhte mikell wunnderr Forrwhi 9e preost swa lannge wass 9att da33 att Godess allterr. & tanne comm he si99enn ut All dumb & butenn sp4che, & toc to becnenn till 9e f da33 that day sg N calendarday event priest long at alter

24 CMTOWNEL p14 ker of all that is, Thre persons withoutten nay, oone God in endles blis, Thou maide both nyght and day, beest, fowle, and fysh; All creatures that lif may wroght thou at thi wish, As thou wel myght. The day both night and day sg O D vs night creation

25 CMPRIV pII,15 And good Sire, I pray you # that my blewe gowne of damaske may be sent to me ageyne alhalowne day, # and my cofferse and my dowter Caterynes, that I spake to you # ffore: And sire, suche ke day All Saints' Day sg N special day

26 CMWYCSER pI,376 and we may see 9is atte y3e. And 9us tellu9 9e gospel # 9at [{God{] wole 9at tare growe tyl 9e day of doom among good corn; but who schulde reuerse God and don a3eynes his wille? Here # schul day the day of doom sg N special day

27 CMMALORY p202 sore wounded. And there is a lady, a sorseres, that dwellyth # in a castel here bysyde, and this day she tolde me my brothers # woundys sholde never be hole tyll I coude fynde a knyght wolde go day this day sg N calendarday event tell

28 CMGREGOR p118 re lege lorde the Kyng of Inglonde, the whiche that have benne presoners be fore the fyrste daye a fore sayde, ande at the # same daye of thys present trete, and [{that{] non appechementt ben daye the #th day sg N natural division ~event ~origin of a law/text

29 CMOTEST pVII,1G r/ maundide to hym. And the Lord encloside hym fro with outforth. And the greet flood was maad fourti daies and fourti ni3tis on erthe, and the watris weren multiplied, and reiseden the schip on hi3 fro erth daies # days and # nights pl O D vs night

30 CMTHORN p70 hurgh & lay it appon & bynde it 9er-to. Do 9is plaster iij dayes to, bot remowe it noghte bot ilk a daye anes, &, after 9e iij day, tak whete mele & gude wyn & do whitte sayme 9er-to & welle wele to-gedir daye #ce each day sg N calendarday frequency #x/day

31 CMEARLPS p124 r/ hym; for he knowe [{our{] faintes. 14. He recorded 9at we ben p[{ouder{] ; man ys as hai, hys # daies ben as floure of 9e feld, so he shal florissen. 15. For gost shal passen in hym; and he ne shal daies X's days pl N/M span: life/natural division man's days are like flowers his days for his life

32 CMOTEST pIX,20G r/ eruaunt of hym. Forsothe Noe lyuede aftir the greet flood thre hundrid and fifti 3eer; and alle the daies of hym weren fillid nyn hundrid and fifty 3eer, and he was deed. <S SAMPLE 3> [}CAP. X daies all X's days pl N/M span: life/natural division Noah's days

33 CMASTRO p673.C2 YET, FOR A MANER CURIOSITE.}] Sek besily with thy rule the highest of the sonne in mydde of the day. Turne than thin Astrelabie, and with a pricke of ynke marke the nombre of that same altitude in th day in the middle of the day sg O D middle/highest point of sun

34 CMALISAU pI,61 here9 9is, Jn 9e toure whare she shet is. She wepe9 and synge9 'Weilaway!' 9at she euere abode 9at day. She clepe9 hire self often wrecche; She biddes de9 9at he hire fecche, And seide, 'Son, O Alisaundday that day sg N natural division event bid

35 CMREYNAR p58 w go thyder / be content it is al wythoute drede # / I hope to come at alther lengest with in fyue dayes agayn / # Here wyth he departed and wente wyth grymbert to the court ward / And whan they were dayes within # days pl N natural division duration/event ~get sick/heal or die

36 CMBESTIA p23 r/ st to meche, he is ure soule spuse, luue we him wi6 migte, and wende we neure fro him-ward be dai ne be nigte; 6og he be fro ure sigte faren, be we him alle trewe, non o6er louerd ne leue we dai by day and by night sg O D vs night/never

37 CMMETHAM p150 off condycionnys and chongabyl, and dysposyd to lyfe longe; and yff a body falle in-to sekenes that day, he schuld sone r[{e{]couer; and [{qwat that{] a man dremyth schuld turne to trwthe with-in half a day that day sg N calendarday event/~datum ~moon day/fall sick prediction

38 CMDIGBY p96D. C. BAKER, J. L. MURPHY & L. B. HALL, JR. OXFORD, 1982. PP. 96.1 - 109.388^] [}CANDLEMES DAY AND THE KYLLYNG OF 9E CHILDREN OF ISRAELLE}] [}MDXIJ}] [} (\ANNO DOMINI\) 1512 THE VIJ BOOKE}] (^DAY Candlemas day sg N special day

39 CMDOCU4 p188 r/ll maner expenses (with) [\THE # WORD IN PARENTHESES TRIMMED OFF\] notable poiar be the space of v daies and vj nyghtes lay for hym in # the most secrete wyse that 9ei coude: and so with help and gracdaies # days and # nights pl O D vs nights(/the space)

40 CMREYNES p290 } [\(B)\] }] Memorandum that the secunde day of Novembr, the weche is clepid Sowlemesse day, Iohn Reynys and Emme, the wyff of Roberd Reynys, made a covenaunt with Cecilie Grene of Hemlyngtonday All Souls' Day sg N special day

41 CMORM pI,4 r/ himm, To lofenn himm & wurr9enn; & hiderr amm icc sennd to 9e, 9iss blisse 9e to ki9enn. & fra 9iss da33 9u shallt ben dumb Till 9att itt shall ben for9edd, Forr9i 9att tu ne wolldesst nohht Nu trowwenn m da33 from this day sg N/M moment/natural division event/duration(starting point) angel to Zach: speechless

42 CMBODLEY p98 r/ het 9t # heo alle 9er4fter lyfedon. Elias 9e witeg4 feste eac 9t ilce # festen feowerti3 da3e & niht4 tosomme, 4fter 9an 6e he 4t 9ene m4te 6e # 9e engel to him brohte, & he wear6 9a 9urh 6one da3e # days and nights together pl O D vs night

43 CMCURSOR p226 r/ on a feild, And sagh 9e well be a doun heild, A mikel stan apon it lai, 9is bestes dranc 9ar-at ilk dai; 9e hirdes bi 9aim fand he 9are, He spird 9aim que9en 9ai ware. 9ai said, "sir, we ar of aran." "An dai each day sg N natural division frequency/event drink each day

44 CMMETHAM p155 The .xxix. day ys nowder gode ner fortunat to begyne ony werke vp-on; a manchyld that ys born that day schuld be fortunat to gret wurchyp, but he schuld be dysposyd to lecchery, and he schuld be made th day that day sg N calendarday event/~datum ~moon day/born prediction

45 CHRON LONDON p187 ame yere there was an armyrer and hys owne man fought whythe yn the lystys in Smethefylde the laste day of Januer, ande there the mayster was slayne and dyspoylyde owte of hys harnys, and lay stylle in day the last day of month sg N calendarday ~month

46 CMEDMUND p167 heym. But he tolde hys maister that thaye were brente. Seynt Edmond and his felowys on a daye came fro Lewkenowre # to Abyngdon and as thaye came into a grete valey thaye se many # black daye on a day sg N/M moment/time event came from…

47 CMDOCU3 p199 rlement: 3it myne aduersaries ham pursued me nowe and holden me in prison sithen seynt katerynes day twelve monthes last passed # in to this tyme. a3eyns (the kynges graunt &) [\THE TEXT IN PARENTHday St. Catherine's day sg N special day

48 CMWYCSER pI,285 . Summe ben dede in 9is 3ate 9at Crist qwykeny9 not, but lasten in # 9ere olde errowrus to 9er de9 day, and ben 9ese 9at taken a lyf vngrowndid clene in Godis lawe; and 9ese men lasten in 9er errour owt day dying day sg N special day leave in habits until

49 CMBESTIA p23 r/ r der, of 6o 6e he wile he nime6 6e cul and fet him wel til he is ful. In his hole si6en stille 6re dages he slepen wille, 6an after 6e 6ridde dai he rise6 and reme6 lude so he mai, ut of his 6rote dages # days pl N natural division duration sleep for 3 days

50 CMBESTIA p7 r/ 6u ne cune, mod ne mannes vncost; oc swic of sineginge; and bote bid tu 6e ai, bo6e bi nigt and bi dai, 6at tu milce mote hauen of 6ine misdedes. 6is lif bitokne6 6e sti 6at te neddre gange6 bi, and tis dai by day and by night sg O D vs night

51 CMNTEST pX,1 r/ eth not in by the dore in to the foold of scheep, but stieth bi another weie, is a ny3t theef and a dai theef. But he that entrith bi the dore, is the scheepherde of the scheep. To this the porter openet dai a night thief and a dai thief sg O D vs night

52 CMEARLPS p167 r/ delites. 11. For derkenesses ne shul nou3t be derke of 9e, and 9e # ny3t shal be bri3ted as 9e daie; as his derknesses ben, so is his li3t. 12. For 9ou weldedest mie reines, and toke me fro 9e daie be bright as the day sg O D bright/vs night&darkness

53 CMBEVIS p82 r/ e a seme, Whar 9our3 9at maide ne kneu him nou3t, Whan hii were eft to gedre brou3t. On a dai, ase he was mad & feint, To Iesu Crist he made is pleint & to his moder, seinte Marie, Reuliche he dai on a day sg N natural division/moment event be mad & complain

54 CMNORHOM pII, 86 es biment. And in 9at cete he him held, Twa dais till ende with 9am he dweld. And or twa dais till ende war past Folk of 9e cuntre ferly fast Trowed ful trewly in Jesus, And to 9e woman said 9a dais before # days pl N calendarday duration stay with X for time/before end of two days

55 CMGAYTRY p14 for to gyffe 3ow better wyll for to cun thaym, Oure ffadir 9e beschope grauntes of his grace Fourty dayes of pardoun till all 9at cunnes thaym, and ratyfyes alswa 9at o9er men gyffes, Swa mekill coueites dayes # days of pardon pl N special day/natural division event pardon

56 CMSIEGE p92 And he send into all his londdyse to keppe 9e lawe of God and peys, and so hit wase do in all his dayis. And his sone Tyttus and 9ey lewyde a holly lyfe. The Emparour let close 9e warnacul in syluyr a dayis in all X's days pl M span: lifetime

57 CMSELEG p437 re : 9at huy i-brende were. # - Seint Eadmund and is felawe : ase it was ofte heore wone, In a day fram leukenore : wenden to Abindone. Ase huy comen in a gret ualei3e : blake foule huy sei3e Ase it day on a day sg N/M moment/time event came from…

58 CMREYNES p328 tourys by this present. In wytnesse of what thyng to this present myn seall haue putte. Yoven the x day of the monyth of Marche, the yeer and regne of Kyng Edward the iiii=te= after Conquest the vi=te=. day the #th day of month sg N calendarday ~month

59 CMOFFIC4 p8 orce and ageyn 9e # Kynges peas, on 9e shyre day of Norffolk halden at Norwiche 9e # xxviij day of August in 9e seyd secunde yeer, beyng 9ere 9anne a grete # congregacion of poeple by-cause o day the #th day of month sg N calendarday ~month

60 CMBOETH p448.C1 cler sothfastnesse, but thei ben lyk to briddes of whiche the nyght lightneth hir lokynge and the day blendith hem. For whan men loke nat the ordre of thinges, but hir lustes and talentz, they wene t day the day blinded sg O(/M) natural division/daylight D blind

61 CMREYNES p264 hesaffe to schewe her hem. And at the last, to her spak Oure Lord Ihesu Crist and seyde, "Sey euery day be an hooll yeer xv Paternoster and xv Aue Maria, and at the yeeris ende thow shalt han wurcheped eday every day sg N calendarday event/frequency pray every day of a year

62 CMMIRK p2 , a # man may know aparty the horobylyte 9at schall be yn 9e dome, 9at comyth aftyr. The fyrst day, as Saynt Jerom sayth, 9e see schall aryse vp yn hyr styd, soo 9at 9e watyr schall be hear then ayn day the #th day sg N calendarday event ~doomsday events

63 CMANCRE p166 # (\Alieni comederunt robur eius.\) 9e 9ridde is dea6 9t he nat # hwe6er he schule 9t ilke dei ferliche asteoruen. (\fili ne tardes & # cetera.\) 9e feor6e is secnesse 9t he ne mei 9enche wel. dei that same day sg N natural division event will die

64 CMDOCU3 p42 er-at in 9e worschepe of # god, of our lady & seint Josep, eche man a peny, and on midsomer day in 9e forseid chirche of haliwell at 9e hye masse eche # man a peny, & who so is absent at 9ilk day Midsummer day sg N special day

65 CMCAPCHR p213 writtis were sent vndir 9e name of Kyng Richard. Whan 9is # tyme was come, euene on Mihelmesse Day, 9e kyng in 9e Tour, with good wil, as it semed, and mery chere, red 9e act of his # cessacio Day Michaelmas day sg N special day

66 CMKENTSE p215 r/ godespel of te day. and ye muee wel understonde be 9o speche of 9e # godspelle 9et me sal to dai mor makie offrinke 9an an o9ren dai. and # 9er of us yeft ensample 9o 9rie kinges of he9enesse. 9 dai to day sg N natural division event

make more offerings/~day of Christ's

birth/vs another day

67 CMPERIDI p134 r/ wa greate clymppan feowur 9a litle 4ceran. & sile hym 9an f4stende etan. on wearmum w4teran. feowur da3es 4lc ane clyne. Eft nim saluiam ane hand fulle. & cnuca hy swy9e smale. & nim twelf piper cda3es # days pl N calendarday period/duration in four days, one each day

68 CMAYENBI pI,112 is to zigge / of eche daye. uor 9et is 9e echedayes dol / 9et god yef9 to his wel wilynde: 9et eche daye do9 his seruice / and zigge9 his oures. 9et is to alle guode herten / 9et eche daye zueteliche be z daye each day sg N natural division event/frequency every day: service

69 CMCAPCHR p247 r/ bro9ir of knites of 9e garter, and # 9ere receyued 9e kingis lyueri, whech he wered on solempne daies al his lyue. At 9e fest of Ascencion cam 9e duke of Holland, with gret aray of schippis and vita daies On solemn/festive days pl N special day ~all his life

70 CMALISAU pI,53 nde. Wi9 cryeyng and 9retyng wordes Hij metten, wi9 speres ordes. Many dou3tty 3onge kni3th 9at ilk day assayed his mi3th; Vche on o9ere, wi9 grete mayn, Tobrusten her launces in 9e playn. Summeday that same day sg N natural division event fight

71 CMHAVELO p70 Was non 9at euere his bode sat, For he him dredde swi9e sore, So runci spore, and mikle more. At 9e day he come sone 9at he hem sette, ful wel o-bone, To Lincolne with gode stedes And al 9e wepne 9at kniday at the day sg N calendarday event appointed day for coming

72 CMHANSYN p182 d a nygun and auarous, And gadred pens vnto store As okerers doun aywhore. Befyl hyt so, vp-on a day 9at pore men sate yn 9e way, And spred here hatren on here barme A3ens 9e sonne 9at was warme, And day upon a day sg N(/I?) natural division/moment event poor men sat in the way

73 CMPRIV p107 by you, he whyll that hyt ly be yow tyll Sencyon marte, and # lette the mersars haue the lengar days, bothe Browell and Paullmar, and ther mony acordyng. [\Dorse\] Syr, I thanke you at hyt plesehyd yo days the longer days pl M time/span mersars/lengar delay

74 CMPHLEBO p47 & also a medicyne laxatif to be 3effen 9an. Consederyng 9e pacyent to be myche febled in 9e day of # accesse & for to be ouertrobleid be 9e disese or hevynesse of 9e # febre, and if day on the day of accession sg N /special day event accession

75 CMHORSES p115 r/ ou schalt let him blede first in 9at on side & aftur .7. daies on 9at o9er side. And 9en aftur .xv. daies 9ou schalt efte let him blod vpon 9e same side 9at he was furst 9er late blod. But loke 9ou daies after # days pl N calendarday duration timelapse between actions

77 CMROLLPS p26 quid irascitur per singulos dies.\) God rightwis iuge. stalworth and soffrand; whether he wreth him day by day. 13. (\Nisi conuersi fueritis gladium suum vibrabit: arcum suum tetendit & paraui day day by day sg N/I natural division/gradually process

78 CMLAMBET p45 dei. ec we understonde6 9et on # sunne dei drihten cume6 to demene al mon-cun; we a3en 9ene sunne dei swi9eliche wel to wur9ien. and on alle clenesse to # locan. for heo haf6 mid hire 9re dei Sun day sg N special day

79 CMPERIDI p118 r/Nim 9anne ane healfne sester wynes. & seo9 hi fort hy beon wel 3esodene. syle hym 9anne drincan 9ry d43es. 4lce d43 ane cuppan fulne. [} (\JTEM AD PECTUS. AD JDEM.\) }] 9es l4cedom sceal to 9ad43es # days pl N calendarday duration/event give drink/each day medicin

80 CMORM pI,133 r/ anne. He se33de 9att te Laferrd Crist Wass borenn her to manne Nohht o 9e nahht, acc o 9e da33, Forr mikell 9ing to tacnenn; Forr da33ess lihht bitacne99 uss All eche lifess blisse, & nahht bita da33 not in the night, but in the day sg O D vs night/~light

81 CMMETHAM p152 ondycionnys and meke and neuer but lytyl in trowbyl, but alwey lyfe in prosperyte, longe tyme; this day ys profytabyl to bye and to selle vp-on, to pase the see with marchaundyse, and to wedde a wyfe; he day this day sg N calendarday event buy&sell/~mooncalendar

82 CMINNOCE p9 s dyvyded in thre # partyes, that is to say (\Kalendas, Nonas\) , and (\Ydus\) . The fyrst # daye of every moneth is called and named (\Kalendas\) ; the seconde is # namyd, not (\Kalendas\) daye the #th day of month sg N calendarday ~month

83 CMREYNES p264 su Crist, "Euery man that seyth these Paternoster, and these Auez, and these orisones folwyng euery daye be an hooll yeer, of his kynrede xv soules schull be delyuered owte of the peynes of purgatorie, an daye every day sg N calendarday event/frequency pray every day of a year

84 CMHORN p42 r/ A king 9er gan ariue 9at wolde hire haue to wyue. Aton he was wi9 9e king, Of 9at ilke wedding. 9e daies were schorte, 9at Riminhild ne dorste Leten in none wise. A writ he dude deuise; A9ulf hit d daies the days were short pl N/M? span

85 CMROLLTR p14 ll at the comynge of Criste in-till # hym. Ilkane 9at couaytes endles hele, Be he besy nyghte and daye to fulfill 9is lare, or elles to Criste3 lufe he may noghte # wynn; For it es heghe, and all 9 daye Night and day sg O/I (continually) D vs night/ busy

86 CMTHORN p71 r & do all in a pott ouer 9e fire & sethe it into 9e halfe & coyle it thrugh a clathe & drynk ilk a day a mese at 9e morne & at 9e euen & lay a brere lefe to 9e wonde. Tak comfery, marygolde, matfelon day each day sg N calendarday frequency

89 CMOTEST pVIII,1G r/ the watrys 3eden and decresiden til to the tenthe monethe, for in the tenthe monethe, in the firste dai of the monethe, the coppis of hillis apperiden. And whanne fourti daies weren passid, Noe openyde t dai on the #th day of month sg N calendarday of the month

90 CMINNOCE p11 cator in desideriis animae suae, et # iniquus benedicitur. (Psalmo, etc.)\) And the thyrde daye is callyd (\Ydus\) , the whiche is # asmoche to saye as (\divisio\) , a departynge. By whom daye the #th day sg N calendarday of the month

91 CMSIRITH p15 r/ ch wile 9e fede," "Goed almi3tten do 9e mede, And 9e louerd 9at wes on rode I-don, And faste fourti daus to non, And heuene and er9e haue9 to welde. As 9ilke louerd 9e for3elde. Haue her fles and eke breddaus # days pl N natural division duration fast

92 CMGOWER pI,319 memoire, As men mai rede in his histoire; And thus he wente quit away, That nevere after that ilke day Sche thoghte that ther was such on; Al was foryete and overgon. Bot in good feith so mai noght I day that same day sg N natural division event on which M and T split up

93 CMINNOCE p6 oyed. And verely, Maysters, yf we clerely consydre our lyf and state that we stande in now in thyse dayes, I fere me we # shall fynde ourself soo ferre guyded by our sensuall nature, that we shall # ne dayes in these days pl N/M moment/time now

94 CMROYAL p12 Lady, 9at she be goode mene to hure Sonne Criste Ihesu to haue mercy on 9e 9at 9ou my+gthe at Domes-day com to 9at ioye 9at euer shall laste. To 9e wiche ioye God brynge [{y{]ou and me, 9at for vs dyed o-day- Doomsday sg N special day

95 CMMETHAM p151 , to make cunnauntys, to pase with marchaundyse the see, and to wedde a wyffe; he that ys born that day schuld neuer be stedfast, but alwey wandryng fro one cuntre to a-nodyr, neuer that persone schuld h day that day sg N calendarday event/~datum ~moon day/born prediction

96 CMKENTSE p214 r/ nt ierosolimam dicentes. Vbi est qui natus est rex iudeorum.\) We redeth i 9o holi godespelle of te dai ase ure louerd # godalmichti ibore was of ure lauedi seinte Marie i 9e cite of bethleem. dai the day that sg N special day event birth of christ

97 CMREYNES p158 f he blede, than 9e goode humores schuldyn goon owte as well as 9e wyk. It is to wetyn 9at xxvii dayes [{ben{] beforn euery prime tyl the chaungyng of the mone. And 9u 9at wylt be letyn blood, take hed dayes # days before X pl N calendarday ~event ~changing of the moon/moon cycle

98 CMGOWER pII,224 As for the god I undertake That whan it liketh you to take His compaignie at eny throwe, If I a day tofore it knowe, He schal be with you on the nyht; And he is wel of such a myht To kepe you from day a day before sg N natural division distance/~event

99 CMMETHAM p154 that day. The .xxiij. day ys fortunat to begynne alle werkys vp-on; qwat chyld that be born that day schuld lyue with gret trauel, euer bysy and euer in trybulacion, but he schuld be ryght trw day that day sg N calendarday event/~datum ~moon day/born prediction

100 CMOFFIC4 p10 seyd xvj day of Jull to 9e seyd day of 9e # makyng of 9e seyd arbitrement and award, and fro 9at day in-to Michelmesse # 9anne next aftyr, 9e seyd William 9at meene tyme euermore # supposyn day that day sg N calendarday ~datum

101 CMMETHAM p151 151> day communly recure; that day, for no nede, no man schuld blede, but for pestylens. The .x. day ys gode to begynne alle werkys, to make cunnauntys, to pase with marchaundyse the see, and to weddeday the #th day sg N calendarday ~moon

101 CMBESTIA p9 r/ uen and harde sures, buten we ben war here. do we for6i so do6 6is der, 6anne be we derue On 6at dai 6at dom sal ben, 6at it ne us harde rewe: Seke we ure liues fod, 6at we ben siker 6ere, So 6i dai on that day (that doom shall be) sg N calendarday/special day (event) ~doomsday

102 CMGAYTRY p4 Forme-fadyrs whilke He in His forluke walde 9at ware sauede. The fyfte poynte es, 9at one 9e thirde day after 9at He dyede, He rase fra dede to lyfe, Sothefaste Godd and man in body and in saule. For als day the #th day after sg N calendarday ~event/duration death

104 CMEARLPS p150 r91 ende in heuen. 90. 9y so9nes is in kinde & kinde; 9ou founded 9er9e, # & it dwelle9. 91. 9e daie laste9 9ur3 9in ordinaunce, for alle # 9inges seruen to 9e. 92. Bot 9at 9y lawe i daie the/to day sg N/M? moment/time event laws last through today/in the present

ANALYSED SAMPLES MIDDLE ENGLISH DAY

ID NR TEXTNAME page/rule SAMPLE WORDFORM CONSTRUCTION NUMBER N/O specified focus COTEXT CONTEXT

ANALYSED SAMPLES MIDDLE ENGLISH DAY

105 CMMETHAM p151 l tecchyd and to be angry and vycyus, but he schuld lyue but schort tyme; a woman that ys born that day schuld gretly be dysposyd to lecchery, or ellys sche schuld dey sone aftyr her byrth; qwat that a m day that day sg N calendarday event/~datum ~moon day/born prediction

106 CMOTEST pII,1G r/ tre of paradis; forsothe ete thou not of the tre of kunnyng of good and of yuel; for in what euere dai thou schalt ete thereof, thou schalt die bi deeth. And the Lord God seide, It is not good that a ma dai whatever day sg N calendarday event eat of the tree of knowledge/die

107 CMPOLYCH pVIII,83 of Baldewyn, archebisshop of Caunterbury, 9e 9ridde day of Septembre, 9e whiche is acounted an evel day by 9e veyn bileve and usage of mysbileved men, as is i-cleped [{in{] 9e kalender dayes (\dies Egipcday an evil day sg N calendarday ~datum

108 CMDOCU3 p96 # 9e rather eschewe al such falsnes and disceyt, 9at he shal stonde here on 9e pilorie thre market dayes, eche day an hool hour, with on of his fals lettres, be hym falsly and disseiuably # contrefet dayes # market days pl N special day

109 CMGREGOR p115 Cane, and that contynuyd tylle the day of the Natyvyte of oure Lady nexte folowynge; uppon the same day the towne whythe grete sawte was yoldyd and wonne. And thenne the kyng layde sege unto the castelleday upon the same day sg N calendarday ~datum ~nativity day ~st george's day

110 CMPRIV p202 abovesaid; and on the next morning send I forth a # man to yow with this letter, and on the same day send the Kinge the third # privye seale to you. Alsoe he 9at tolde me this seid that it were be day on the same day sg N calendarday ~datum/event

111 CMNTEST pI,20 r/ baptisith in the Hooli Goost. And Y say, and bar witnessyng, that this is the sone of God. Anothir dai Joon stood, and tweyne of hise disciplis; and he biheeld Jhesu walkinge, and seith, Lo! the lomb o dai another day sg N natural division event Joon stood &…

112 CMMETHAM p152 at a man dremyth schuld turne but to fantasye; that day ys gode bledynng, before none. The .xvj. day ys fortunat to begynne alle werkys vp-on to bye, and to selle, and to wedde a wyfe; he that ys born day the #th day sg N calendarday ~moon

113 CMGAYTRY p5 uen noghte His name bot wirchipfully. The thirde commandement es, 9at we halde and halowe oure haly day, 9e Sonondaye, and all o9er 9at falles to 9e 3ere, 9at er # ordeynede to halowe thurgh Haly Kyrke.day our holy day sg N special day ~datum ~Sunday

114 CMPETERB p54 r/ g Henri ouer s4 # 4t te Lammasse. & 6at o9er dei 9a he lai an slep in scip, 9a # 9estrede 9e d4i ouer al landes & uuard 9e sunne suilc als it uuare # thre niht ald mone, an sterres abuten him a d4i the day darkens sg O D darkens/sun like the moon/vs night

115 CMMIRK p83 Then # a3eyne gloteny 3e most fast, 9at ys, not ete befor tyme; but abyde # tyll none of 9e daye. And when 3e byn at your mete, ete 3e not frechudly, no more 9en ano9er tyme, ny sytte for l daye til noon of the day sg N natural division hours none

116 CMSIRITH p9 r/ ich lede mi lif, And 9at is for on suete wif 9at hei3tte margeri. Ich haue I-loued hire moni dai, And of hire loue hoe seiz me nai; Hider ich com for-9i. Bote if hoe wende hire mod, For serewe mo dai many day sg/pl N(/I) natural division(/long time) duration/event love, "for a long time"

117 CMLAW pII,553 r/ eir godes and catalles and their bodies to prison. And ov~ this that ymmediatly after the seid xl. daies serche be # made in ev~y Cite Borough and hundred of Englond and Wales for suche Scott~ by the Condaies the # days' search pl N natural division duration of search

118 CMMETHAM p154 stedffast, but alwey wandryng fro one cuntre to a-nodyr; yt ys parel to pase the see this day; this day ys eke in-ffortunat to begynne ony thing vp-on, excepte this thingys expressyd be-ffore; yff man or day this day sg N calendarday event begin/~mooncalendar

119 CMBODLEY p46 r/ fdnesse. So9lice is to witenne 9t 64t mycel fremede 9t 6et folcc # on Niniue 9are byri3 f4ste 6ry da34s; 9urh 6et heo earnodon 9t # heo Godes mildheortnysse bi3eten & heor4 for3ifenesse. Israele folc da34s # days pl N calendarday duration time of fasten

120 CMLAMBET p139 & ideo dicitur dominica quoniam hec dies sola dies domini est.\) Muchel man ach to wur9en 9is halie dei 9at is sunnen # dei icleoped. for hit is godes a3en dei. Alle o6er da3es of 9e # wike beo6 to 9re dei the holy day sg N calendarday ~datum ~"die dominica"=Sunday

121 CMROOD p14 r/ eri3ende & 6us cw46ende. Wuldor 6e beo drihten 9are blisse 6e 9u # me iunnen hafst & he w4s 6a six da3es farende 6a on 9am # seofe6en d43e he bicom to 9are ceastre 9e he seolf on iboren w4s # 9eoda3es # days pl N calendarday duration/event travel

122 CMBEVIS p9 r/ ha9 9us isaid, 9e leuedi [{was{] ri3t wel apaid And maked hire bli9e. In Mai, in 9e formeste dai, 9e leuedi in hire bedde lai, Ase hit wer nede; Hire lord 3he clepede out of halle And seide, 9at e dai month, in the #th day sg N calendarday of the month

123 CMREYNAR p51 # melodye / One myght haue luste to see suche a feeste / and right as the # feeste had dured viij dayes / aboute mydday cam in the cony lapreel # to fore the kynge where he satte on the table with the dayes lasted # days pl N natural division duration fest/last

124 CMMETHAM p154 an dremyth schuld turne to truth with-inne foure dayis; yt ys gode to blede that day. The .xxvj. day ys for to hunte vp-on for dere in forestys, but yt ys noght fortunat to wedde a wyfe, noudyr to pas day the #th day sg N calendarday ~moon

125 CMOFFIC3 p83 of hem is by our enemys taken in to Crotey, we renouelle hem here at Trye 9e Castell, 9e xij=e= # day of Septembre. T. Tibbay. <S SAMPLE 2> <Q M3 XX CORO LLETT> <N LET TO KIN day the #th day of month sg N calendarday of the month

126 CMINNOCE p10 um\) , that is the # generacyon that besyly by devocyon seke almyghty God. By the seconde daye that is callyd (\Nonas\) I understande # the seconde age, that is callyd (\Juventus\) , Youthe. ( daye by the #th day sg N calendarday of the month

127 CMMOON p127 e stake, For hope of ys 9ornes to dutten is doren, He mot myd is twybyl o9er trous make, O9er al is dayes werk 9er were yloren. 9is ilke mon vpon heh when er he were, Wher he were y 9e mone boren ant yfeddayes X's day's work sg N natural division duration work done in one day

129 CMSELEG p431 r/ elle : hou and in 3wat manere Seint Eadmund was i-bore : 3if 3e it wollez i-here. A-seint Eadmundus dai 9e king : 9is guode child was i-bore; So clene he cam fram is moder : with-oute ech-manere hore, An dai St. Edmund's day sg N special day

130 CMMETHAM p152 gracyus and trwe, and of longe lyfe, but he schuld noght be ryche; he that fallyth to sekenes that day schuld be longe seke, but at the laste he schuld recure; qwat that a man dremyth that nyght, the sy day that day sg N calendarday event/~datum ~moon day/fall sick prediction

132 CMSIEGE p87 eles, Josephus, Barrobas and 9e commynte went to 9e wallys and sayd to 9e Emparovr: 'Tis is 9e last daye of vij 3er. We may no lengur 9e tovne kepe. Tel vs # whe9yr we schale lyve or dye, for we mosdaye the last day of # year sg N calendarday series ~year

133 CMGREGOR p115 towne of Cane; and the xij day of August the kyng layde sege to Cane, and that contynuyd tylle the day of the Natyvyte of oure Lady nexte folowynge; uppon the same day the towne whythe grete sawte was yday the day of the nativity of our lady sg N special day ~st george's day

134 CMREYNES p247 entis of Holy Chirche be 9e grace of God. Ner he schal not be robbyd with non thevys be nyght ne be day, ne he schal not be ouercome with noon sprytys by the grace of God and the vertu of 9ese names." <day by night nor by day sg O D vs night

135 CMPETERB p60 r/ # underfangen mid micel wurtscipe, & to king bletc4d in Lundene on 9e Sunnend4i beforen Midwintre D4i, & held 94re micel # curt. 9at ilce d4i 9at Martin abbot of Burch sculde 9ider faren, 9e s4cle D4i Midwinter day sg N special day

136 CMMETHAM p149 ernone and .iij. The fyfte day ys noght spedeful to begynne ony werk vp-on; he that ys born that day schuld be lunatyk or ellys foltysch; he that falyth seke that day but yff he amend within xxiiij=ti day that day sg N calendarday event/~datum ~moon day/born prediction

137 CMEARLPS p121 r/ ne 9ou nou3t 9y face fram me; in wich daie 9at # ich be trubled, bow to me 9yn ere. 3. In which daie 9at ich had cleped to 9e, here 9ou me # hastilich. 4. For my daies failed as smoke, and my bo daie in which day sg M/N? moment/time event the day that I call

138 CMCLOUD p126 # top of 9e mounteyne & wonid 9ere & wrou3t in a cloude six daies: abidyng vnto 9e seuen9 day, 9at oure Lorde wolde vouche # saaf for to schewe vnto hem 9e maner of 9is arke-makyng. By Moiday the #th day sg N natural day event remaining

~six days in cloud for ark making

(Moses)

139 CMVESHOM p129 r/ mihtigen Gode, swa se halge apostel Sanctus Bartholomeus dyde, hund si6en on niht & eall swa oft on d4g. He gemunde symle his synnen, 9e he on his iuge6e gefremede, & 9a # geornlice beweopd4g at night and at day sg O D vs night

140 CMNTEST pVI,20 r/ take hym in to the boot, and anoon the boot was at the loond, to which thei wenten. On the tother dai the puple, that stood ouer the see, say, that ther was noon other boot there but oon, and that Jhes dai on the other/#th day sg N natural division event ask about boat

141 CMDOCU3 p51 sonday next after Pask, & 9e sonday next # after missomer day, & 9e sonday next after Micheles day, vpon 9e peyne afore-said, but he haue a verrey encheson wherfore 9at 9ey mowe be excused. Also day Michael's day sg N special day

142 CMDOCU3 p215 l ys thys, that John White, Alys Kamerwell, Mavde White, Margarete Herelowe, Wedue, have A-3ens the day of my terment, gownes of russet, with hodys of the same clothe. And Also my wyll ys thys, that Alysday the day of my torment sg N special day event

143 CMPHLEBO p49 # peracutes, ( i.e.^) , stronge brenyng agues, 9e begynnyge last not # sumtyme ouer a day & 9anne in 9e firste day owi9 mynuschynge to be don, & # not aftirwarde wes, for sey9 y ypocras: day over a day sg N natural division duration last not over a day (the beginning)

144 CMMETHAM p154 o wurchyp, and be dysposyd to be a man of werre; and yff yt be a woman that be born on that day, sche schuld haue sundry husbondys and be ryche and come to gret wurchyp; this day ys profytabyl today on that day sg N calendarday event born/~mooncalendar

145 CMPRIV p96 ythe ytt yow to vndyrstond that I hawe resseywyd an letter ffrom yow beryng date at London the xiij day of Octobyr in hast / wheche Y do whell vndyrstond, and I hawe resseywyd yowr warant, and ys anlowydday the #th day of month sg N calendarday ~month

147 CMLAMBET p9 inagoge efter moises la3e alswa we habbet nu chirche efter drihtenes la3e and efere to 9am setteres dei heo comen 9a iudeisce # folc to settes tima to 9an sinagoge and hereden heore drihten swa heore dei Satur day sg N special day

148 CMPRIV pII,19 er # preserve and kepe yow to his plesur and your most herts comfort. Amen. At London the xj day of Decembre A=o= xvj. And Cosen, heras ye wryte to me 9at I had no leysyr: truly # I have ben c day the #th day of month sg N calendarday date of the month

149 CMGREGOR p119 ne shalle be made, # but the wallys shalle be leve stylle lyke as they ben foundyn the # fyrste daye of this present trete. Alle so hyt hys accordyd that noo sowdyer nor stranger in # the towne daye the #th day of sg N natural division series ~treaty ~st george's day

150 CMBEVIS p103 ard he gan him hie. 'O allas,' 3he seide, 'Beuoun, Hende kni3t of Sou9-hamtoun, Now ichaue bide 9at day, 9at to 9e treste i ne may: 9at ilche god, 9at 9ow of speke, He is fals & 9ow ert eke!' In al 9e se day that day sg N calendarday event experienced

151 CMHAVELO p26 ink long - To liggen at hom it is ful strong. God yelde him, 9er I ne may, 9at haueth me fed to 9is day! Gladlike I wile 9e paniers bere - Jch woth ne shal it me nouth dere, 9ey 9er be inne a bir9ene gre day to this day sg N/M moment/time

152 CMJULIA p120 te cuddest 9ine icorene. & stuhe abuue 9e steorren in-to 9e heste heouene. & kimest king o domes dei. to deme cwike. & deade. 9u art hope of heale. 9u art rihtwises weole. & sunfules salue. 9u art an dei Dooms day sg N special day

154 CMHANSYN p159 ey haue space; 9an 9enke 9ey to shryne hem clene: To swyche men,God shewe9 hys tene. Hyt ys seyd al day, for 9ys skyl, "he 9at wyl nat whan he may, He shal nat, when he wyl, [{haue pay{] ." And 9er by9 mday all day sg N/I natural division event/frequency said all day

155 CMMETHAM p151 r, neuer that persone schuld haue prosperyte; he that takyth sekenes vp-on that day, with-in .viij. dayis schuld recure or ellys dey; yt ys gode bledyng vp-on that dey; qwat that a man dremyth that nyght s dayis within # days pl N natural division duration/event return

156 CMNTEST pVI,20 r/ at sente me, that al thing that the fadir 3af me, Y leese not of it, but a3en reise it in the laste dai. And this is the wille of my fadir that sente me, that ech man that seeth the sone, an dai in the last day sg N special day ~doomsday

157 CMREYNES p158 ne. And 9u 9at wylt be letyn blood, take hed to 9e nest prime and aftyrward begynne to counte in 9e day of the chounge of the mone aftrn. 9at prime qwon many dayes ben into 9e day, 9u wylt be letyn blood day the day of X sg N calendarday ~event ~changing of the moon/moon cycle

ID NR TEXTNAME page/rule SAMPLE WORDFORMCONSTRUCTION NUMBERN/O specified focus COTEXT CONTEXT

3 CMBRUT1 pII,740 ende 9urh 9at lond; 9at he com to Whit-sond. scipen he h4fde sone; monie & wel idone. ah feowertene niht fulle; 9ere l4i 9a uerde. 9eos wederes abiden; windes bi-delde. Nu was sum for-cu6 kempe; in Ar6ure niht Fourteen night UM pl? N/I? duration lay still

4 CMANCRE p214 e6 breoken ower hus. hwil hit eauer is ibroken; habbe6 9rinne wi6 ow a wummon of cleane lif deies & nihtes. For 9i 9t wepmen ne seo6 ow ne3e ham; wel mei don of ower cla6 beo hit hwit beo hit blac bute hit nihtes day(s) & night(s) sg O/I vs day

5 CMORM pI,133 o 9e da33, Forr mikell 9ing to tacnenn; Forr da33ess lihht bitacne99 uss All eche lifess blisse, & nahht bitacne99 all 9att wa 9att iss inn hellepine. & Crist wass borenn i 9iss lif To lesenn uss off hell nahht night sg O vs day (good-bad)

6 CMDOCU4 p234 strangers # ofte tymes robbed and murdred that vnnethese any persone dar passe # thair house fro nyght come And also nowe late tyme ther been certeyn Alienes callid fflemmynges that have set vp comune hnyght from night sg O evening/night criminality

8 CMNORHOM pII, 81 say, And now it es, 9is ilk day, When wirschipoures verray and right Sal wirschip 9e Fader day and night In 9e spirite 9at suthfast es, And in him 9at es suthfastnes. 9e Fader of heuyn 9a men he sekes <P night day and night sg O/I vs day

9 CMPERIDI p96 a hyne on weallendan w4tere. & nim 9anne cyse. & maca ealswa litles cicles. & byd to 9an ea3ean ane niht. [} (\CONTRA GLAUCOMATA.\) WI6 EA3ENA DYMNYSSE.}] 9is sceal wy6 ea3ena dymnysse. 9t 3recas nemniht one night sg O duration medicine

10 CMTOWNEL p15 wight that wold luf hym and dred; Bot now before his sight euery liffyng leyde, Most party day and nyght, syn in word and dede Full bold: Som in pride, ire, and enuy, Som in couetous and glotyny, Som in s nyght day and night sg O vs day

13 CMMETHAM p150 to pase the see with # marchaundyse, yff the wynde serue; and qwat that a man dremyth that nyght schuld turne to trwth, be sum symylytude; that day ys gode bledyng, aboute .iij. aftyr-none. The nyght that night sg O dream predictions

14 CMBRUT1 pII,740 e; an hunddred 9usende; he6ene and cristene. mid Modrede kinge; Ar6ur lai at Whit-sond; feouwertene niht him 9uhte to long. and al Modred wuste; wat Ar6ur 94r wolde; 4lche dai him comen sonde. from 9as kiniht forteen night UM pl? N/I? duration seem to long lay still at X

16 CMBODLEY p96 d son4 4fter # his fuluhte ferde on sume w4sten & 94r fest4 feowerti3 da3e & # feowerti3 niht4 tog4dere 4r 9am 9e he moncyn ofer all openlice l4rde. Ne # f4ste he na for9an 64t he 4fre 4ni3 su niht4 #days & # nights pl O duration vs day

17 CMBRUT1 pI,388 eo an hi3inge; heore hors sculden sadelien. & heo swi6e stille; stelen ut of buruwe. & wenden al bi nihte; to 9woncchestre uor6-rihte. & 9er swi6e vaste; bi-clusen heom in ane castle. & lu3en Uortigerne; 9 nihte by night sg O leave secretly

19 CMMETHAM p151 ; he that fallyth seke that day schuld, late or neuyr, recouer; qwat that a man dremyth that day or nyght, yt schuld turne to trwth; yt ys gode bledyng that day, at .iiij. afftyr-none. The .xiij. day ys nyght that day or night sg O vs day predictions

21 CMCTVERS p35.C1 the Tabard, faste by the Belle. But now is tyme to yow for to telle How that we baren us that ilke nyght, Whan we were in that hostelrie alyght; And after wol I telle of our viage And al the remenaunt o nyght that same night sg O evening relation hostel/Tabard

22 CMCURSOR p444 l 9e mightes 9at he moght, He sett his tentes in a dale, 9ar of him tald dauid na tale. Quen it was naght 9an cald daui, An of his aun al priueli, Wit him allan stilli 9ai went, Vn-to 9e kings aun tent, 9e naght when it was night sg O evening to tent for story

23 CMPETERB p54 lep in scip, 9a # 9estrede 9e d4i ouer al landes & uuard 9e sunne suilc als it uuare # thre niht ald mone, an sterres abuten him at midd4i. Wur9en man sui6e ofuundred & ofdred, & s4den 6at micel 9 niht # night old pl O/N moon

24 CMFITZJA pA4R . Lete in no wyse the boke of my lawe departe from thy mouth: but sette therin thy meditaco~n bothe nyghte & day / so y=t= thou may truly obserue al thynges there wythin wryten & commau~dyd / This co~maundenyghte (both) night & day sg O vs day

25 CMNORHOM pIII, 136 opinly And menes him to God almighty, And ordaines him with al his might To serue God both day and night. Man to his moder es 3olden ogaine In werld thurgh prestes office plaine When he to 9e kirk es reco night both day and night sg O vs day/both

26 CMBODLEY p44 en49 # 64t we waci4n symle, swa swa Ysayas 9e witeg4 cw46, (\Media nocte surgebam\) . 'To middere nihte ic w4s risende to andetnesse # ofer 9a dom4s 9inre rihtwisnesse.' Be 9are w4ccen swylce 9e nihte at mid night sg O wake/mid/rise

27 CMROOD p26 nomon hyre. & on carcere~ sendon & hire # 9erinnon biclysde & heom 6anon witan. 6a on 94re nihte com hire to # godes engel & hire bi hire nome nemd4 & to hire 6us cw46. # Sibill4 beo 6u nihte in that night sg O angel appears

28 CMBOETH p448.C1 y nat lyften hem up to the light of cler sothfastnesse, but thei ben lyk to briddes of whiche the nyght lightneth hir lokynge and the day blendith hem. For whan men loke nat the ordre of thinges, but nyght the night sg O lightens/vs day blinds

30 CMBRUT1 pI,88 tunde. for ne libbe ich no-wiht longe; Leir 9e king wende forh. to is dohter wunede nor6; Fulle 9re nihtes; heo h4rabarewude hine. and is cnihtes heo swor a 9ane fer9e d4i; bi al heuenliche main. 9at ne scu nihtes the full three nights pl O she lodged him

31 CMMETHAM p153 vycys; he that fallyth seke that day schuld dey off that sekenes; and qwat that a man dremyth that nyght schuld turne to trwth be sum symylytude; yt ys gode to blede that day. The .xxij. day ys on-grac nyght that night sg O dream predictions

35 CMROOD p2 es h4fdn4de 9a becom he to 9are stowe 9e inemn4d is # (\quinquaginta finicas\) . & 9er twa niht hine reste. 6a on 9are forme # nihte 9e he 94r r4ste on 9am ylca stude 9e he on l43; wurden # niht # night pl O duration rest

38 CMNORHOM pII, 203 is 9at 9ai in heuyn sall neuer mis. 9arfore he prayed to God of might With grete deuociowne day and night. And when he was man of grete elde, And wex waike and ful vnwelde, Of couent werke he was made fre,night day and night sg O/I vs day

40 CMALISAU pI,239 euere er so woo, For he ha9 ylore his foo. A3ein wenden lesse and more, And bymene9 his skape sore. Ni3th it is - hij take9 rest. Amorowe arise9 newe gest. <S SAMPLE 3> 9e sonne arise9, 9e dNi3th night sg O rest/tomorrow

42 CMREYNES p172 ake gumme of arabyk as moche as aboue, and put it in a sauser ful of clene water a day or a nyght tyl it is turned alle to water. And 9an it is good to temperyn with byse for blew hynk. Ffor to nyght a day or a night sg O duration vs day

43 CMYORK p70 ne you what-kynne wa Is wrought for you. (^Adam^) For vs is wrought, so welaway, Doole endurand nyghte and day; The welthe we wende haue wonnyd in ay Is loste vs fra. For this myscheffe full wele we maynyghte night & day sg O duration vs day/endure

45 CMASTRO p672.C2 it rekne in the bordure fro the sonne arise unto that same place there thou desirist, by day as by nyght. This conclusioun wol I declare in the last chapitre of the 4 partie of this tretys so o nyght in the day as in the night sg O vs day astro/hours

49 CMBRUT1 pII,746 red flah; and hu Ar6ur hine bibah. Wa wes hire 9ere while; 9at heo wes on life. Ut of Eouerwike; bi nihte heo i-wende. & touward Karliun tuhte; swa swi6e swa heo mahte; 9ider heo brohten bi nihte; of hire nihte by night sg O ~secretly

50 CMCTVERS p108.C1 or to plese, But it were for my profit and myn ese? I sette hem so a-werke, by my fey, That many a nyght they songen 'Weilawey!' The bacon was nat fet for hem, I trowe, That som men han in Essex at Dunm nyght many a night sg O evening vs work

52 CMTHORN p13 jewse of ake appills & do 9am alle to-gedir & late 9am stande lange wele couerde &, when sal be at nyghte, when 9e seke sall ga to bedde, 9an do it in his eghne & it sall for-do 9e perle & breke 9e strynge nyghte at night sg O evening before bed medicine

53 CMGREGOR p192 hem of on parte and of that othyr parte they lefte noo thyng unsoffethe, and they serchyd alle that nyght. Ande in the morne he come yn a-gayne, that sory and sympylle and rebellyus captayne whythe hys nyght all that night sg O (evening/night) vs morning

55 CMBRUT1 pI,400 enden to 9an wude; summe to weien-l4ten. heo gunnen loten weorpen; mid heore leod-runen. fulle 9reo nihten; heore craftes heo dihten. Ne mihten heo nauere finden; 9urh nauere nane 9inge. wh4r-on hit weore inihten full # nights pl? N?/Oduration he arranged for X

56 CMMETHAM p152 hys sekenes, but at the laste with gode gouernauns he schuld skape yt; qwat that a man dremyth that nyght schuld turne to trwthe; a man that day schuld noght blede but fore pestylens. The .xviij. day ys nyght that night sg O dream predictions

57 CMCAPCHR p242 o # it. Mech joye was mad, euery man supposing 9at 9is mater schuld haue good ende. But 9is Jon be nyte fled with 9e duke of # Ostrich into a cite` of his, and sent letteris to 9e emperour 9 nyte by night sg O fled/secretly

59 CMHANSYN p158 y9 sharpe; Next hys chaumbre, besyde hys stody, Hys harpers chaumbre was fast 9erby. Many tymes, be ny3tys and dayys, He had solace of notes and layys. One asked hym onys, resun why he hadde delyte yn mynstny3tys by night and day sg/pl? O vs day

61 CMPRIV pII,11 e sith I see yow, ffor in trowth I hadde will hopid that your # horsis shulde a ben here as 9is night; and that I tho3t verely, and so # poyntid my self for to a be with you as 9e morue at night w night this night sg O evening/night vs morning

62 CMOTEST pXIV,1N n seien as locustis. [}CAP. XIV.}] Therfor al the cumpeny criede, and wepte in that ny3t, and alle the sones of Israel grutchiden a3ens Moises and Aaron, and seiden, We wolden that we hadd ny3t that night sg O after events

63 CMMALORY p208 # Rome, and of hym resseyve youre penaunce for your foule dedis. And ye shall nevir reste one nyght thereas ye do another, and ye go # to ony bedde the dede body shall lye with you.' This oth h nyght "you shall never rest one night…"sg O rest

64 CMCURSOR p228 9ar he did a trecheri, For 9an he had may rachell wedd, Lia he stall vn-til his bedd; Bisid lya al night he lai, His vnwitand, til it was dai; Bot quen he wist it o 9e morn, Ful wa was him 9at he was born night all night sg O lie/till it was day

66 CMMETHAM p153 that fallyth seke that day schuld be longe seke and off hard recouer; qwat that a man that nyght dremyth schuld turne to trwth be sum symylytude; yt ys no bledyng that day. The .xix. day ys god nyght that night sg O dream predictions

67 CMNORHOM pIII, 135 re 6at bodily ded was broght on bere, So haly kirk here for hir suns Euer in dole and wepeing wons; Night ne day scho neuer ses, Till time 9at God 9aire sins relese. When Jesus saw 9e widow murned To werke Night night nor day sg O vs day

68 CMKEMPE pI,229 turnyng hys hand as hym likyd, & 9e Palme Sonday also, preuyng her feith & her pacyens, wyth 9e ij nyghtys, sent hem swech stormys & tempestys 9at 9ei wendyn alle to a ben perischyd. 9e tempestys weryn so gnyghtys with the # nights pl O

god sent bad weather

together with the night of

Saturday and Palm-Sonday

69 CMHORSES p99 for al-maner of farcyn. Make a plaster of an vnce of vertegrece and eisel & arnement & ley 9er-to a ny3t. Mangew gendere9 of brend blod & rotoun & nameliche in herueste when a hors traueyle9 ouer-muche ny3t a night sg O duration lay on it medicine

70 CMMALORY p659 , # the whych ys called Gooth, where he hath a cousyn jermayne, and there may ye be lodged thys nyght. And as he techith you, sewith afftir # as faste as ye can; and if he can telle you no tydynges o nyght this night sg O lodge

71 CMHORN p54 Heo feol on hire bedde 9er heo knif hudde, To sle wi9 king lo9e, And hure selue bo9e, In 9at vlke ni3te, If horn come ne mi3te. To herte knif he sette; Ac horn anon hire kepte. He wipede 9at blake ni3te in that same night sg O bed

73 CMROBGLO p761 of him sulf . & of is grete mi3te . 9at him ne deinede no3t . to ligge . in 9e castel bi # ni3te . Sir edward & is ost . at wircetre 9o were . Hii adde gode aspies . hou hii hom 9o bere . So 9at s ni3te by night sg O lie

75 CMKATHE p40 . alle lahinde somet eaueriliche lusti bute lungunge. for 9er is a liht & leitinde leome. Ne niht nis 9er neauer ne neauer na newcin. ne eille6 9er na mon now6er sorhe ne sar. now6er heate ne ch niht night sg O vs light (good-bad)

76 CMBEVIS p13 d mot he be! To wif a schel wedde me To morwe in 9e dai. Sai him, me swete wi3t, 9at he come 3et to ni3t In to me bour!' 9e mesager is wei ha9 holde, Al a seide, ase 3he him tolde, To 9emperur. Now sch ni3t to night sg O wedding/chamber

79 CMORM pI,130 Swa 9att he wollde hiss a3henn lif Forr hise shep forrl4tenn. 9att Godess enngell comm o nihht, Swa summ 9e Goddspell ki9e99, To spekenn wi99 9a wakemenn 9att wokenn heore faldess, & tatt he comnihht at/over night sg O angel apparition/~watch/wake

80 CMGOWER pII,224 he hath a See foul daunted, With his magique and so enchaunted, That he flyh forth, whan it was nyht, Unto the kinges tente riht, Wher that he lay amidde his host: And whanne he was aslepe most, Wi nyht when it was night sg O sleep/lay

82 CMAELR4 p14 poure array for Goddis sake, of deuocyons, # of gostly felynges, of diuerse preseruacions day or nyght, not thonkynge # Iesu Crist therfore bot wenynge that it cometh of thiself, than # thou offen nyght day or night sg O vs day

82 CMPERIDI p130 do on hys mu9. o99er hys fingres & he spi9 sona. Eft sona endlufan leaf on bul3a3ine of 3eot hy ane niht. mid wyne. 9anne on mor3en nim 9a leaf & cnuca hy on treowenum f4te. & of 3eot hy mid 9an y niht one night sg O vs morning medicine

86 CMAYENBI pI,104 e9 alle ssep9es ydele and ydelenesse. And ase zay9 Salomo[{n{] and na3t to 9e zy39e of him. and to na3te ssolden come: bote yef he his ne sostyenede be his uirtue. Ate laste he one is zetnesse an uestness na3te at night sg O relief will come

89 CMTHORN p6 . Tak epworte & grynde it smalle & schafe his hede & laye it appon 9e schedde of his hede all 9e nyghte. Tak aueroyne, marygolde & sawge & stamp it & temper it vp with wyne & drynke it fyve dayes. nyghte all of the night sg O medicin

90 CMREYNES p170 gallys and of thy coporose, of eyther be hemselff. And ley 9i gumme in watir to stepe al a nyght. And on the morwen take 9i gumme-water and 9i pouuder of gallys, and put hem togeder, and sette hem nyght a whole night sg O vs morning medicin

91 CMEARLPS p161 in # our Lord. 6. Hope 9e folk of Israel in our Lord fram 9e mornynge # kepinge vn-to 9e ni3t. 7. For merci is at our Lord, & at him is plentiuose # raunsoun. 8. And he shal raun ni3t from the morning unto the nightsg O evening duration vs morning

92 CMCURSOR p442 men his hus a-bute At wait 9e morn quen he com vte, Him to sla if 9ai moght mete; Bot micol vte bi night him lete, Vte at a priue dern postel, And he him fledd to samuel, 9at duelland was in ramatha. Son night by night sg O vs morning

93 CMPERIDI p94 t. wyrme 9anne mann 9t heafod. & smyre mid 9are sealfe & he binde 9anne 9t heafod mid ane cl49e ane niht. wring 9anne garlec inne 9a eare alche d43 after 9at he by6 h4l. [} (\AD PAROTIDAS.\) }] (\Ad niht one night sg O duration medicine

94 CMWYCSER pI,477 e wi9 armys of ly3t. Walke we # honestly as in day.^) Here men vndurstonden ofte by 9is ny3t 9e ny3t of # synne. For as aungelis were not confermede, but euere stoden in ny3t # of grace, so manky ny3t this night the night sg O vs day/~sin

96 CMBODLEY p98 n 9are ealde # la3e 9t tw43e men herbiforen 9is festen festen. Moyses feste # feowerti3 da3e & nihte togedere 9a he w4s on Synai 94re dune 4t # Drihtines spece; & Drihten him sealde 9a ealde la3e nihte # days and nights pl O duration vs day/fasten/together

97 CMASTRO p672.C1 sonne, and with the point of thy label fynd in the bordure the ende of the evenyng, that is verrey nyght. The nader of the sonne is thilke degre that is opposyt to the degre of the sonne, in the 7 sign nyght night sg O end of evening/ vs day

98 CMGOWER pII,222 th hire to wene: And thus this noble gentil queene, Whan sche most trusteth, was deceived. The nyht com, and the chambre is weyved, Nectanabus hath take his place, And whan he sih the time and spa nyht the night comes sg O come/chamber/bed

99 CMBESTIA p7 men; no mod 6u ne cune, mod ne mannes vncost; oc swic of sineginge; and bote bid tu 6e ai, bo6e bi nigt and bi dai, 6at tu milce mote hauen of 6ine misdedes. 6is lif bitokne6 6e sti 6at te neddre gange6 nigt by night and by day sg O/I vs day/both

100 CMCAPCHR p245 capteyn of 9e town his vncle, Ser Thomas, erle of Dorset. In 9is sege many men deied of cold in nytes, and frute # etyng, eke of stynk of careynes. He deied 9ere, Maistir Richard # Courtney, nytes cold at night(s) sg/pl O (die of) cold

101 CMEDMUND p167 retely in Oxforde in # all the vii sciences that all men had grete joye of hym. And in a # nyght as he sate in his studye, hys awne moder Maboly appierid vnto hym in # a vysyon. And she sayde to nyght in a night sg O evening/night sit in study/vision

102 CMDIGBY p102 ld man, and best dare abyde! And ther come an hundred women, I wole not fleen, But fro morowe tylle nyght, with them I dare chide! And therfor, my lord, ye may trust vnto me, For alle the children of Isra nyght from morning till night sg O evening duration vs morning

103 CMBRUT1 pII,732 r sune; Ar6ure he we(s) wilcume. for he wende 9at he brohte; boden swi6e gode. Ar6ur lai alle longe niht; and spac wi6 9ene 3eonge cniht. swa nauer nulde he him sugge; so6 hu hit ferde. 9a hit wes d4i a m niht all long night sg O lie/vs day/morning

104 CMROLLTR p14 ane obstakill at the comynge of Criste in-till # hym. Ilkane 9at couaytes endles hele, Be he besy nyghte and daye to fulfill 9is lare, or elles to Criste3 lufe he may noghte # wynn; For it es heghe, nyghte night & day sg O vs day(/busy)

105 CMROLLPS p23 tis clen of hert. thare vnclen ere pyned. than he sais, i # sall clens my consciens, passand ilk nyght by nyght, that is bi all # synnes, that nane be forgetyn vnpunust, and with my teris, that i nyght night by night sg O

~bed/one night at a time

clean conscience

107 CMREYNAR p8 d many yeres goon / how be it that I complayne not / that pudyng was myne / For I hadde wonne it by nyghte in a mylle / The myllar laye and slepe / yf courtoys had # ony parte hieron / that cam by me to / T nyghte by night sg O stole it/miller asleep

108 CMROOD p6 yses 9a on w4s. 9a heo 9a tog4dere comen; 9a wunedon heo 4tg4dere six da34s. 6a on 9are seofe9e # nihte 9a com to him godes engel & hine grette. & hine 9ri3e bi # his nome nemde & 9us cw46. dauid. danihte on the #th night sg O vs day/angel appears

109 CMGOWER pII,222 believe, And feigneth under guile feith: Bot natheles al that he seith Sche troweth; and ayein the nyht Sche hath withinne hire chambre dyht, Wher as this guilour faste by Upon this god schal prively Awa nyht the/that night sg O chamber

113 CMROOD p4 3yrden # from gode isende w4ron; 94t 9urh heor4 m4gen 9eo bitternesse 94s # wateres to 9are nihte to swetnysse iwend w4re. Son4 swa he heom # 94ron iset h4fde. 6a feng he on 9t water & his ans nihte in that night sg O rest

114 CMASTRO p670.C2 yde of the day and eke myn ascendent. Tho wolde I wite the same nyght folewyng the houre of the nyght, and wroughte in this wise: Among an heep of sterres fixe it liked me for to take the altitude of t nyght the hour of the night sg O hours/~stars astro

115 CMASTRO p670.C2 scendent. And thus lerned I to knowe onys for ever in which manere I shuld come to the houre of the nyght, and to myn ascendent, as verrely as may be taken by so smal an instrument. But natheles this ru nyght the hour of the night sg O hours/~stars astro

117 CMBODLEY p46 cw46, 'Ic 3eeadmette on # festene mine sawl4.' Crist sylf f4ste feowerti3 da34 & feowerti3 # niht4, 9urh 6et he ofercom 9one wi6erwinn4n, & him sone engl4s 9enoden. Petrus feste, 9urh 6et he earnode niht4 #days & # nights pl O duration vs day/fasten

119 CMPERIDI p130 ne sp4aw drenc wyrcean. Nim smale napes. & le3e hy on eced. & do 9ar huni3 to. & l4t hy lic3ean ane niht 94r on. of3otene. ete 9anne a mor3en. fort he full sy drince 9anne after wearm w4ter. Nim 9anne an niht one night sg O duration vs morning medicine

120 CMMETHAM p155 gret wurchyp; yff man or woman take sekenes that day, thei schuld sone recouer; and off qwat that nyght a body dremyth [{yt{] schuld turne to trwthe; yt ys gode bledynng that day. But off this boke of nyght that night sg O dream predictions

121 CMBRUT1 pI,84 o wolden al 9is lond; habben on heora hond. & feden Leir 9ane king; 9e while 9e he leouede. d4ies & nihtes mid feowerti hired-cnihtes; & heo him wolden finden. hauekes & hundes; 9at he mihte riden; 3eond al nihtes day & night sg(/pl?) O duration vs day

122 CMBEVIS p92 , 9at [{was{] wel dep. Whan he in to 9e se cam, Ouer 9e se, y wot, a swam; In a dai and in a ni3t A bar ouer 9at gentil kni3t. Whan he com of 9at wilde brok, His gode stede him resede & schok, And ni3t in a day and in a night sg O vs day

ANALYSED SAMPLES MIDDLE ENGLISH NIGHT

ID NR TEXTNAME page/rule SAMPLE WORDFORMCONSTRUCTION NUMBERN/O specified focus COTEXT CONTEXT

ANALYSED SAMPLES MIDDLE ENGLISH NIGHT

123 CMASTRO p672.C2houre inequale by day out of 30, than shal the remenaunt that levith parforme the houre inequale by night. [}11. TO KNOWE THE QUANTITE OF HOURES EQUALES.}] The quantite of houres equales, that is to snight by night sg O vs day/~hours astro

124 CMHANSYN p11 ly. 9ys ermyte preyed nyght and day 9at hys penaunce were take to pay. whan 9ey had preyde day & nyght Alle 9at woke yn goddys syght, 9ys ermyte seyd, "benedicite; Bro9er," he seyd, "how 9enke9 9e?" "wenyght day & night sg(/pl?) O duration vs day

125 CMBRUT1 pI,400 ; leiden to-somne. of machunes 9er wes wunder; fif and twenti hundred. A d4i heo leiden 9ene wal; a niht he feol ouer-al. a marwe heo hine ar4dden; a niht he gon to-reosen. Fulle seouen nihte; swa heom di niht a/by night sg O vs day

126 CMGOWER pII,222 s herde, of joie he louh, And seith, 'Ma dame, it schal be do. Bot this I warne you therto: This nyht, whan that he comth to pleie, That ther be no lif in the weie Bot I, that schal at his likinge Ord nyht this night sg O he comes to play/chamber

128 CMSIEGE p72 to sacryfyce 9at sodenly fel don amonge 9e pepull and calwyd a lambe. The iiij tokyne: On pasche ny3t at iiij of 9e bele a # ly3te was in 9e tempull as hit hade byn dayly3te, and 9erof 9ey hade g ny3t on (Easter) night sg O vs light as if day/4 a clock

129 CMSELEG p433 9e leste. So longe huy woneden heom 9ar-to : 9at huy nomen as ofture # 9o, So 9at no9ur ny3ht ne day : huy nolden heom for-go; huy woneden heom so wel 9ar-to : 9at huy as wereden day # anny3ht neither night nor day sg O vs day

130 CMVICES4 p106 clepe9 9e spirit of vnderstondynge in-to 9e hertes, ri3t as 9e sunne do9 awey 9e derkenesses of 9e ny3t & waste9 9e clowdes and 9e morwe dewes, ri3t so waste9 9e spirit al 9e derkenisses of 9e herte and ny3t (the darkness of) the night sg O vs day&sun

131 CMDOCU3 p42 haue of 9e brotherede vche woke fourtene penyes duryng his pouert, after he ha9 lyne seke a fourten nyght. And 9at he schal be so tymelich vesited & holpen 9at he ne schal nou3t, for # defaute of hel nyght a fourteen night UM pl?>sgN/I? duration lay sick

132 CMOTEST pXXII,1G in to brent sacrifice, on oon of the hillis whiche Y schal schewe to thee. Therfor Abraham roos bi ni3t, and sadlide his asse, and ledde with hym twey 3onge men, and Ysaac his sone; and whanne he hadde h ni3t by night sg O rose

133 CMOTEST pI,1G tter li3t that it schulde be bifore to the dai, and the lesse li3t that it schulde be bifore to the ni3t; and (^God made^) sterris; and settide tho in the firmament of heuene, that tho schulden schyne on ni3t before (to) the night sg O vs day/two lights creation

134 CMROOD p32 l4fed of 6are hal3a rode & heo 9a 3eornlice smeade hu hire embe 9t # to donne w4re. 6a on 9a ylcan nihte 9a heo on hire reste w4s 9a # com hire an st4fne to 64s 6e hire i6uht w4s 9t hit godes # eng nihte on the same night sg O resting/voice

135 CMGREGOR p192 tayne to hys loggynge; botte a certayne of hys sympylle and rude # mayny a-bode there alle the nyght, weny[{n{]ge to them that they # hadde wytte and wysdome for to have gydyde or put in gydyng a nyght all the night sg O (evening/night) vs morning

136 CMPERIDI p130 ulle w4teres & sealti & meng swy9e to gadere. of 9t sealt moltan sy. do hyt 9anne on ane croccan an nyht. nim hyt a mor3en & dreahne hit 9urh linnen cl49. & syle hym drinca. 9anne se drenc hyne styr3e. 9a nyht # night sg O duration leave to rest/vs morning medicin

137 CMROLLPS p18 ht als tyt i. sall noght therfore # leue; bot i. sall pray til the ay, till thou here: noght in nyght # bot in morne. when the myrknes of synne wytis a way & the light of grace # comes, thou s nyght in night sg O ~dark/vs morning~light

140 CMLUDUS p209 e has Very contryte whan he them fynde Now god 9at dyed ffor all mankende saue all 9ese pepyl both nyght and day and of oure synnys he us vnbynde hy3e lorde of hevyn 9at best may. <Q M4 Xnyght both night & day sg O vs day

142 CMHALI p138 ich hire. & hire sune. as engel in heouene. i mei6hades menske. & to-swelle6 of grome. & scheote6 niht & dei his earewen idrencte of an attri healewi towart tin heorte. to wundi 9e wi6 wac wil. & maki niht night & day sg O/I shoot

143 CMWYCSER pI,477 e clo9ude wi9 armys of ly3t. Walke we # honestly as in day.^) Here men vndurstonden ofte by 9is ny3t 9e ny3t of # synne. For as aungelis were not confermede, but euere stoden in ny3t # of grace, ny3t this night the night sg O vs day/~sin

144 CMPOEMH p10 or 9e auowerie of 9e kyng of fraunce, tuenti score ant fyue haden 9er meschaunce, by day ant eke by nyht. Sire Iakes de seint poul yherde hou hit was, sixtene hundred of horsmen asemblede o 9e gras; he nyht by day & by night sg O vs day

148 CMCTPROS p297.C2 oon as he wolde." The same Seint Paul, after his grete penaunce in water and in lond - in water by nyght and by day in greet peril and in greet peyne; in lond, in famyne and thurst, in coold and cloothle nyght by night and by day sg O vs day

ID NR TEXT NAME page/rule SAMPLE WORDFORM CONSTRUCTION NUMBER N/O specified focus on/taken from day by… COTEXT CONTEXT

1 CEOTEST1 pI,1G y=e= firmament of heaven to devyde the daye fro~ the nyghte, that they may be vnto sygnes, seasons, days & yeares. And let them be lyghtes in the fyrmament of heave~, to shyne vpon the erth. & so it was. days days pl N calendarday series ~seasons & years

2 CEFICT3A p267 ten two; and instead of one pint of Ale, you have had a # quart, and all this you have had to day already, I think the Devil is # in your Guts, that I do. (^Tom.^) Why how now Huswife, do you snap day to day sg N natural division/moment the present/event (had too much)

3 CESERM1B p23 for it, but nowe charitie is waxed colde, none helpeth the scholer nor yet the pore. And in those dayes what dyd they whan they helped the scholers? Mary they maynteyned and gaue them liuynges that wer dayes in those days pl M/N time past/event help

4 CEHAND2B p110 t close couered and set in a coole place: And this creame so gathered you shall not keepe aboue two daies in the Summer, and not aboue foure in the Winter, if you will haue the sweetest and best butter: an daies above # days pl N natural division duration/event preserve/~summer

5 CELAW2 pIV,859 porate or Markett Towne, shall by force of this Acte have power and # authoritie to enter in the daye tyme into all Shoppes Warehouses Workehouses and other places convenient of the same # Cittie or T daye in the day time sg O authority allowed to enter house

6 CETRAV1B p58 om to an ylonde callyd Calamo, C myle from the Rodes, And it pteyneth to the Rodes. Sonnday, the xv Day of Novembre, we came to an yland callyd Meleo, vndernethe the Domynycon of the Venescians, iij (C) Day the #th day of month sg N calendarday datum/event

7 CEOFFIC3 pIV,316 efore the King, who commands me to tell you that my Lord Thomas Howard, who will goe hence in a few days with the character of Envoy Extraordinary to the Pope, and will be speedily at Rome, has directions days in a few days pl N calendarday duration time from now

8 CEDIAR1A p199 dy; and after unto master Blakwell[{('s){] plasse to bryke-fast, and after a grett dener. The ij day of Juin was bered at lytyll sant Baythelmuw my lade Barnes, the wyff of ser George Barnes, knyght, day the #th day of month sg N calendarday datum/event

9 CETRAV2B p14 ended against vs, and therefore thought to bee better armed at our next comming ashoare. The 19. day our Long boat went a shore in the morning verie early, to fill our Caske with water, and hauing fil day the #th day sg N calendarday ~month travel report

10 CETRI3A pIV,84.C1 ) They say, he was one day out of Town at (^Litchfield^) . Mr. (^Gifford.^) He was out of Town that day, but I saw him. Mr. (Ât. Gen.^) Swear Mrs. (Êlizabeth Gifford^) . (^Which was done.^) Mr. (^Sol. day that day sg N calendarday event out of town one day of longer series

11 CEDIAR3A pVIII,314 # laughing at the folly of our maisters in the management of things at # this day, we got home by noon, where all well. And then to dinner, and after dinner both of us laid down up day at this day sg N calendarday event folly in management

12 CETRAV2A p140.C2 make me and the Gentleman that was with me great cheere for nothing. From (^Stamford^) the next day we rode to (^Huntington^) , where we lodged at the Post-masters house, at the signe of the Crowne; day the next day sg N calendarday event rode pilgrimage

13 CEDIAR2B p171 rk : and, after I Came home, I kept Mr ward Companie tell praier time (^May 1601 : The : 7 : et 8 day^) these : 2 : daies I Continewed my accustomed exercises of # praier and medetation, and was day the # day sg N calendarday ~month

14 CEAUTO3 p79 have sentence pronounced against mee & then sentence was deferred till ye next day. And ye next day I was brought before him againe & Mar: ffell [^THE LETTERS ell IN THE WORD ffell # day the next day sg N calendarday event brought before X/~trialday

15 CEEDUC3B p220 eek Tongues in (Êngland^) , and now see how common they are (especially since Queen (Êlizabeths^) dayes, in whose time, more Schooles were built, then there were before in all her Realm) and withall, tak dayes since X's days pl M span: reign "in whose time"

16 CEPRIV3 p233 e helth of # your soule, and the profit of your poor nieghbor. Written at the # Temple, the 12 day of ianuary. By your sonn, Robert Plompton. [\ (\Anno circa 1536.\) \] <S SAMPLE 3> <Q E1 XX CO day the #th day of month sg N calendarday datum/event

17 CETRI1 pI,65.C2 ) . I aunswered yea. (^Throckmorton^) saide, when will your Shippes be ready? I saide, within tenne Dayes. (^Throckmorton^) sayde, I vnderstand you are appointed to conduct and carrie the Lord Priuie Seal Dayes within # days pl N natural division duration time ship will be ready

18 CEDIAR1A p42 the xiij day of August, and for the up-rore that was ther don. The # prest . . . twys. The xxj day of August was a proclamasyon, that no man shuld reson aganst her grases magesty and her conselle, d day the #th day of month sg N calendarday datum/event

19 CEDIAR1A p98 e ser Anthony Kyngston knyght, and to the Flett, and cam owt a-gayn shortely after. The xiij day of Desember was bered at sant Androwes in the Warderobe master Recherd Stokdun, gentyllman of the day the #th day of month sg N calendarday datum/event

20 CENTEST2 pIX,1 ot. 13 They brought to the Pharisees him that aforetime was blind. 14 And it was the Sabbath day when Iesus made the clay, and opened his eyes. 15 Then againe the Pharisees also asked him how h day the Sabbath day sg N special day

21 CEDIAR2B p168 I walked a whill & spake to Iohn Dowson for Mault, and so went to worke tell praier time (^The 15 day The 16 day^) These 2 daie I Continewed my accustomed exercises, and wrought most of a token I sent day the # day sg N calendarday ~month

22 CENTEST1 pII,20 sayde the Iewes: xlvi. yeares was this temple abuyldinge: and # wylt thou reare it vp in thre dayes? # But he spake of the temple of his body. Assone therfo dayes in # days pl N natural division event rebuild temple

23 CETRAV2B p18 ly, as is formerly said, which (God be thanked) they all recouered and were well cured. The 19. day of January wee espied many Ilands, which the (^Portugals^) call by the name of (Âlmaisant^) , day the #th day of month sg N calendarday datum/event

24 CEDIAR2B p168 Tho Blakbornes foott : and, after, went to readinge and preparation for the next day (^The Lordes day : 19 :^) this day it pleased god to blesse my reading and medetation, # and, in the afternone m day the lord's day sg N special day

25 CEDIAR3A pVII,409 er being # better then a Boatswain - which he is troubled at, and with good reason. And at this day Sir Robt. Holmes is mightily troubled that his brother doth not command in chief, but is commanded day at this day sg N calendarday ~datum 16/08/the present

26 CEHIST1B p174V.C1 L. ROBERT CHYCHELEY GROCER. (\ANNO.XIII.\) WYLLYAM COTTON~.}] In this yere / and vpon the .xii. day of Octobre were thre Flodes in Thamys / whiche thynge no man than lyuynge cowde remembre y=e= lykeday the #th day of month sg N calendarday datum/event

27 CEOTEST2 pI,1G was so. 8 And God called the firmament, Heauen: and the euening and the morning were the second day. 9 And God said, Let the waters vnder the heauen be gathered together vnto one place, and let th day the #th day sg N natural division evening and morning creation

28 CEPRIV3 p I,211 them; and she herself had tryed if the small pox is to be # catched, for the second day they were come out of her brother she gott # into his room and kissed him, yet hitherto she keeps day the #th day sg N natural division series/duration ~start of pox

29 CEDIAR2B p171 when I had wretten a # letter to my Mother, I went to priuat examenation and praier (^The 4 day^) After a few drowsie praiers I went about the house, omittinge, thorowe necclegence, some exercis day the # day sg N calendarday ~month diary

30 CEBIO2 p115 by God's good Favor they were driven to Sea, and soe did remayne in Stormes and Tempestes for fower Dayes and a halfe, not knowing where they were: For the Master of the Queenes Ship, called (^Gray^) , had Dayes for # days pl N calendarday event/duration storm

31 CEPLAY2B p26 nford. (Ênter Allwit in one of Sir Walters Sutes, and Dauy trussing him.^) (Âll.^) 'Tis a busie day at our House (^Dauy^) . (^Dauy^) Alwayes the Kursning day Sir. (Âll.^) Trusse, trusse me (^Dauy^) day a busy day sg N calendarday event/~datum busy/christeningsday

32 CENTEST2 pII,20 the word which Iesus had said. 23 Now when hee was in Hierusalem at the Passeouer, in the feast day, many beleeued in his Name, when they saw the miracles which he did. 24 But Iesus did not commit day the feast day sg N special day feast/Passeouer

33 CEHAND3A p294 ove five or six: and that he had forborn # longer to fish the said pond, but he saw in a hot day in Summer, a large (^Carp^) swim near the top of the water with a Frog upon # his head, and that h day a hot day sg N calendarday "datum" in Summer

34 CEPRIV3 pI,212 Princess be w=th= # child. A little time will resolve it. The Parliament setts very late # every day, but what they do is so much above my understanding, I cant pretend to give an account of it; so th day every day sg N calendarday frequency every day assemble late

35 CEDIAR3B p900 our Obligation of Loyalty # to the King &c: I came home afternoone, & at our church (the next [{day{] # being appointed a Thanksgiving for deliverance by the P: of Orange, prayers purposly compose day the next day sg N calendarday sequence/event Thanksgiving

36 CEHIST1B p169R.C2s Parlyament contynued tyll a newe Mayer namyd Thomas Knollis grocer was admytted & sworne vpon the day folowyng the feast of Symonde and Iude. [} (\ANNO DN~I. M.CCC.LXXX.XIX. ANNO DN~I.M.CCday the day following X sg N calendarday series/event after S's feast/TK sworn

37 CEHAND2A pB2V , good husbande, let me intreat you to goe to that same good woman, you may ride thither in halfe a day. (^Sam.^) Wife, I pray thee be content, I haue intreated this mine olde friend to reason with M. (^ day in half a day sg N calendarday duration/event ride

38 CETRI3A pIV,85.C2 etween Sir (^Henry Gough^) , and Captain (^Chetwind^) . Mr. (^Sol. Gen.^) Did you see him any other Day in that Month? Mr. (^Fowler.^) Yes, the 19th of (Âugust^) I saw him at (^Tixhall^) Bowling-green. Day any other day in that month sg N calendarday event/~datum see him/19th aug

39 CEHIST3A p1,II,156POPISH TERROR AND THE IMPEACHMENT OF DANBY. DISSOLUTION OF THE PENSIONARY PARLIAMENT.}] Three days before Michaelmas Dr. Tonge came to me. I had known him at Sir Robert Moray's. He was a gardener andays # days before X pl N calendarday ~event ~Christmas

40 CEDIAR1A p200 nyghtes of the Garter, and ther # was gret [{feasting{] ther, and ther be-gane the comunion that day and Englys. The xxix day of May was depreved of ys byshopepryke of London doctur Boner, and in y day that day sg N calendarday ~date/event 6/06/communion

41 CEDIAR1A p42 d mere and the aldermen, and # ij C. of [{the guard,{] to se no dysquyet done. The sam day was bered master Kyrtun, alderman and marchand tailler, and marchand of the stapull of Cales, a-for day the same day sg N calendarday ~date/event #th of month/buried

42 CEDIAR1A p100 e precher, and the mayre of London and the althermen and worshephull men, and mony odur. The xij day of January was bered in Essex master Leygett, justes of pesse, with ij whyt branchys and a v dosen day the #th day of month sg N calendarday datum/event

43 CENTEST1 pIX,1 kes of God shuld be shewed on him. I must worke the workes of him that # sent me, whyll it is daye. The nyght cometh when noman can worke. As longe as I # am in the worlde, I am the lyght of the daye while it is day sg O D "while"&work/vs night

44 CENTEST2 pII,1 hou doest these things? 19 Iesus answered, and said vnto them, Destroy this temple, and in three dayes I will raise it vp. 20 Then said the Iewes, Fourty and six yeres was this Temple in bu dayes in # days pl N natural division event rebuild temple

45 CETRI3A pIV,75.C1 y house in (^Hertfordshire^) at (^Standen^) , upon the 3d of (Âugust^) at Night. (^L. C. J.^) What Day of the Week was that, my Lord? Lord (Âston.^) As I remember, it was (^Saturday^) , and in the Eve Day day of the week sg N calendarday datum ~Saturday

46 CEHIST3A p1,II,157 . He told me that Oates and they were always in ill terms. They did not allow him above ninepence a day, of which he complained much, and Hutchinson relieved him often. They wished they coul day a day sg N natural division frequency/amount wage per day

47 CEPRIV3 p170 tie have you in his keeping. Scribled in hast, at Plompton, this sunday next after # St. Kateryne day. By your wiffe, dame Agnes Plompton. [\(27 Nov. 1502.)\] [} [\LETTER CXXXVI.\] }] To th day St. Catherine's day sg N special day

48 CEHIST2A p549 rted out of (Ênglande^) , being honored by the King with precious giftes. The fiue and twentith day of Iuly, (Îsabel^) late wife to # K. (^Richarde^) , not yet twelue yeares of age, departed from day the #th day of month sg N calendarday datum/event

49 CEHAND3A p214 Religion will not save their Souls than a beggars; I think more will be required at the last great day. Well, you know what Example is able to do, and I know what the Poet says in the like case, which i day the last great day sg N calendarday ~date doomsday(?)

50 CEFICT3B p193 gh for his large soul, which was still panting after more renown'd actions. Before I parted that day with him, I got, with much-ado, a promise from him to rest yet a little longer with patience, and w day that day sg N calendarday event meeting/part

51 CETRAV1B p61 y, the wynde Rose in the # Suthweste, so contynued all Day And all nyght, and thursday all Day and all nyght, that it put vs many tymes on Joypert of our lyff, and sped no thyng of our Ryght wey Day all day and all night (the whole…) sg O duration/event vs night/~Thursday/wind

53 CEDIAR2B p80 wret in the houshould book, and so went to supper, after to Lector, and then to bed (^The Lordes day the 28^) After priuat praers I wret notes in my testement, and did eate my breakfast : then to chu day the lord's day sg N special day

54 CEDIAR2B p76 : then I went to supper, after to the repetition # and praers, and so to bed (^Munday the 8 : day^) After praers I went about the house, then I did eate my # breakfast : after, I was busie day the #th day sg N calendarday ~month

55 CEDIAR2B p171 gett in the Cowes bely : after this I Came in to # priuat medetation and praier (^The : 6 : day^) After I had praied, buesed my selfe about dyinge some cloth : and, after I had dined, I went to day the #th day sg N calendarday ~month

56 CETRAV2A p134.C1 , two and thirty miles from Saint (Îohn stone^) whereupon I tooke a guide to (^Breekin^) the next day, but before I came, my Lord was gone from thence foure dayes. Then I tooke another gu day the next day sg N calendarday sequence/event took a guide

57 CENTEST2 pVI,20 receiued him into the ship, and immediatly the ship was at the land whither they went. 22 The day following, when the people which stood on the other side of the sea, saw that there was none other day the day following sg N natural division series/event day later/see: only 1 boat

58 CETRAV1B p56 , we made sayle to warde Cypress homward with ryght grett joy and solas. Tewysday, the iiij=th= Day of August, we come to Cypres, And ther we lay at the Towne, whiche ys callyd Salyns, by the space o Day the #th day of month sg N calendarday datum/event

59 CENTEST1 pVII,20 es, but of the fathers. And yet ye on # the Saboth daye, circumcise a man. If a man on the Saboth daye receave # circumcision without breakinge of the lawe of Moses: disdayne ye at me, # becau daye the Sabbath day sg N special day

60 CEPRIV3 p187 this tyme, but I betake you to the keping of the # Trenetie. From Plompton in hast, the xvi day Novembris. By your wife, Dame Agnes Plompton. [\(16 Nov. 1502.)\] [} [\LETTER CXXXV.\] } day the #th day of month sg N calendarday datum/event

61 CEHAND1B pD2R f that filth that taried so long there, if an other carter offred for the same wages euery seconde day to carie out all the vncleannesse of the towne, which of these two me~ were more worthy to haue the day every #th day sg N calendarday frequency/event every other day/carry out

62 CEDIAR1B p273 st # out of botis, and many prety conceites. 30. The embassadours toke ther leve, and the next day # departid. <S SAMPLE 2> 13. Proclamacion signed touching the calling in of day the next day sg N natural division sequence/event depart

63 CEPRIV3 pI,339 synguler good frende Mayster Doctor Lee. Thus Jhesu have you in hys kepyng. From Topsfyld the xvii day of October. By your lowly sone Gregory Crumwell. [} [\LETTER CXXII.\] }] [} [\GREGORY C day the #th day of month sg N calendarday datum/event

64 CEHAND2B p108 arising from the same. The best and most commended howers for milking are indeede but two in the day, that is in the spring and summer time which is the best season, for the dairie is betwixt fiue and day # in the day sg O ~morning/~evening

65 CEHIST3A p1,II,163 rupted by the idleness and ill company they fell into while they attended on their masters. On that day fortnight in which Oates had made his discovery, being a Saturday, he went abroad in the morning, day on that day fortnight sg N calendarday ~date ~Saturday

66 CEFICT3B p191 , provided he could have any security that he should go when his ransom was paid. They fed him from day to day with promises, and delay'd him till the Lord-Governour should come; so that he began to susp day from day to day sg N(/I?) calendarday duration

~every day he treats&gets

'disappointed'

67 CEPRIV3 pI,211 od for the sacrifyce, and rose vp and gott him to the place which God had appoynted him. The thirde daye Abraham lyfte vp his eyes and sawe the place a farr of, and sayde vnto his yong men: byde here with daye the #th day sg N natural division series/event look up

68 CEBIO1 p35 he had no cause so to say: "Well," said he, "I pray god, sonne Roper, some of vs live not till that day," shewing me no reason why [{he{] should put any doubte therein. To whom I said: "By my troth, sir, day live till that day sg I/M (N) moment/time event when X happens

69 CEHAND2B p77 noone, after his comming from his euening water, and at nine or ten of the clocke at night vpon the daies of his rest, but vpon the daies of his exercise, two howers after he is thorowly colde inwardly, an daies upon the days of X's rest pl N special day event/goal of the day rest

70 CETRI1 pI,76.C2 the Destruction of my Posteritie for euer, doth rest in your good Judgements. And albeit many this daye haue greatly inveyghed against me, the finall Determination thereof is transferred onely to you: ho daye this day sg N(/M) calendarday/moment

71 CENTEST2 pV,1 the Iewes persecute Iesus, and sought to slay him, because he had done these things on the Sabbath day. 17 But Iesus answered them, My Father worketh hitherto, & I worke. 18 Therefore the Iewes so day on the Sabbath day sg N special day

72 CEHAND3A p297 ly or too late at it. And some have been so curious as to # say, the 10. of (Âpril^) is a fatal day for Carps. The Carp bites either at worms or at paste; and of worms I think the blewish Marsh or day a fatal day sg N calendarday ~datum #th day of the month

73 CEAUTO3 p151 le they said y=t= woulde come to heare him [^6 WORDS FROM y=t= # TO him INTERLINEATED^] ye next day beinge ye first day: then I said: this is strange y=t= such a report shoulde bee of mee: & as wee c day the next day sg N calendarday sequence/~date journal

74 CETRI3A pIV,74.C2 ino^) ? When did Mr. (Îreland^) go out of Town? Mrs. (^Quino.^) I must say the same; it was the 3d Day of (Âugust^) , on a (^Saturday^) . (^L. C. J.^) How do you know that it was on a (^Saturday^) the Day the #th days of month sg N calendarday datum/event

75 CETRI3A pIV,75.C1 nto (^Staffordshire^) . (^L. C. J.^) Pray, my Lord, do you remember you saw him within four or five Days after at (^Tixhall^) ? Lord (Âston.^) To name particular Days, I cannot; but that I Days witihin # days after pl N natural division duration after meeting

76 CEDIAR3A pVIII,319 and readiness of their answers, further then of any man of any rank that came to give witness this day, # though some men of years and learning, I was a little amazed, and # fully satisfied day this day sg N calendarday event witness

77 CENTEST1 pXI,1 that we maye dye with him. Then went Iesus, and founde, that he had lyne in his grave # foure dayes already. Bethanie was nye vnto Ierusalem, aboute .xv. furlonges # of, and many of the Iewes were c dayes # days pl N calendarday duration lie in grave

78 CELAW2 pIV,1058 ire discretion. And because the greatest Disorder and Libertie in eating of # Fleshe upon Fish daies and Dayes prohibited by the Lawe, is co~monlie founde to be in Tavernes co~mon Innes # Tabli daies fish days pl N special day (event/goal) day for eating fish

79 CEDIAR1A p196 f Aprell ther was a man sett on the pelere [{for{] lewd wordes and slanderers wordes. The xxv day of April, was sant Markes day, the Quen[{('s){] # grace supt at Beynard castyll at my lord of Pen day the #th day of month sg N calendarday datum/event

80 CEBOETH2 p87 the light of a cleere trowth, & lyke they be to such byrdes, whose sight the night dooth cleere, & day darkens. For while they beholde not the order of thinges, but their own affections, they suppose th day day darkens sg O vs night/~night vision

81 CETRI1 pI,73.C2 of Maister (^Stanforde^) . (^Stanforde.^) Maister (^Throckmorton^) , you and I maye not agree this Day in the understanding of the Lawe, for I am for the Queene, and you speake for your selfe: the Judge Day this day sg N calendarday event/~datum/present not agree/~trial day/this day (~today)

82 CETRI3A pIV,82.C1 chfield^) , which was upon the 23d, as I take it, but I cannot be positive; but all the rest of the days I did see him there once, if not twice or thrice a day. Mr. (Ât. Gen.^) Where did he lodge then? M days all the rest of the days pl N calendarday event/~datum see X during stay/~days in month

83 CEHIST1B p173R.C2 rmys / wherof the pryse and honour was gyuen by y=e= Herawdes vnto the Erle / so that he wanne that day great honour. Than the seconde day came in a knyght Henauder as Chalengoure / To whome as defendau day that day sg N calendarday ~date/series/event ~#th day of/second day

84 CEDIAR2B p170 t with my Maides tell allmost night, and then I went to priuat examenation and praier (^May : 1 : day^) After I had hard the sarmon at the church, I praied and dined # : and, after diner, wrett to day month #th day sg N calendarday ~month

85 CEPLAY2B p16 n. There's trickes enough to rid thy Hand on't Wench, Some rich-mans Porch, to morrow before day, Or else anone i'the euening, twentie deuises, Here's all I haue, I faith, take purse and all, And day before day sg O/M D/sunrise vs evening/tomorrow

86 CETRAV2A p129.C1 of the clocke in the afternoone that Wednesday, being the thirteenth of August, and the day of (^Clare^) the Virgin (the signe being in (^Virgo^) ) the Moone foure dayes old, the wind at West day the day of X sg N special day ~datum day of virgin Claire/~13/08

87 CEPLAY2B p28 ement for a Gold-smiths Daughter. (Âll.^) Yes Sir, that's he must be your Worships Partner In this dayes businesse, M=r= (^Tuchwoods^) Brother. (^S. Walt.^) I embrace your acquaintance Sir. (^T.I.^) It vo dayes in this day's business sg M/N? time present

88 CETRAV2B p13 them to goe aboard with vs, which then, they refused to doe, but promised to come aboard the next day being the seuenteenth day of December, which the Kings brother (as he named himselfe) did with two day the next day sg N calendarday event/series/~datum come aboard/next/17/12

89 CEDIAR2B p173 , and at my # accustomed times went to priuatt praier and medetation (^May. The : 25 : day^) In the morninge, after priuat prairs, I sente vp for Mr # procter, and Gaue him 20=li=, day the #th day of month sg N calendarday datum/event

90 CEPRIV3 p64 adiship shall haue a Letter from me # or my Tutor, if they doe not miscary By the carrier. This 26 day I # haue not hearde from your Ladiship ruffes, standinge comons, (in # pottage) a day this #th day sg N calendarday ~date/event 26 of Jan/not heard of X

91 CEDIAR1A p200 ; and [{Nowell{] electyd dene of Powlles, and the old dene depreved, # master [{Cole{] . The xj day of June dyd pryche at Powlles master [{Sandys{] , and ther was my lorde mayre and the althermen, an day the #th day of month sg N calendarday datum/event

92 CEHAND2B p77 s euening water, and at nine or ten of the clocke at night vpon the daies of his rest, but vpon the daies of his exercise, two howers after he is thorowly colde inwardly, and outwardlie, and then after acc daies upon the days of X's exercise pl N special day event/goal of the day exercise

93 CETRAV2B p15 ooke no heede or notice of, vntill this their treachery put vs in minde thereof againe. The same day (being the 20. day) we waighed Ancor, and about 12. of the clocke at night, our ship was on day the same day sg N calendarday ~datum travel report

94 CEPRIV3 p65 forthe noysom weeds:/ I coold wish that you wold settell your self to # certin howers tasks euery day you rise: and those howld your self too # with out any wearines: the vse of it wold make it bothe day every day sg N(/O) calendarday frequency(/event) every day(/settle~tasks)

ANALYSED SAMPLES EARLY MODERN ENGLISH DAY

ID NR TEXT NAME page/rule SAMPLE WORDFORM CONSTRUCTION NUMBER N/O specified focus on/taken from day by… COTEXT CONTEXT

ANALYSED SAMPLES EARLY MODERN ENGLISH DAY

95 CEHIST3A p1,II,163 that few men of his zeal lived in better terms with the papists than he did. Oates went to him the day before he appeared at the council board; and made oath of the narrative he intended to make, which day the day before sg N calendarday sequence/event before/appeared

96 CEOTEST2 pVIII,1G : So Noah knew that the waters were abated from off the earth. 12 And hee stayed yet other seuen dayes, and sent forth the doue, which returned not againe vnto him any more. 13 And it came to passe i dayes stay # days pl N natural division duration/event stay Noah

98 CEBOETH1 p101 ght of the very truth, but they be like # vnto birdes whose sight the night doth lyghten and the daye doth blynde. For whyles the commen people do not beholde the order of thynges, but theyr own affe daye the day blinds sg O D blind~light/vs night nightbirds

99 CEFICT2B p70 er, and I would not learne of neuer a one of them all: what woman, I haue beene a prety wench in my dayes, and seene some fashions. Therefore you need not feare, seeing both your beauty and comely personag dayes in X's days pl M/N time past

100 CEHIST1A p80 te, preeminence and kyngdome of the twoo noble realmes, England and Fraunce, the # tone fro this day forward by vs and our heires to rule, gouerne and # defend, the tother by goddes grace & youre goo day from this day forward sg N/M moment the present(/event) (E&F ruled by…)

101 CETRAV2B p43 l Village called (^Chatsoe^) , where are sheepe and goats great store, and very cheape. The 29. day, we went 12. course to a small Town called (^Laddanna^) , and there are great store of Cotton Wools day the #th day sg N calendarday ~month

102 CEDIAR2B p173 in the Kitchine and in my chamber, and after I went to priuat examenation and praier (^The Lordes day the : 24 :^) After praier I went to the church, and after I came from # thence, I praied an day the lord's day sg N special day

103 CEHAND3B p38 es^) , or (^Fearn^) , about the (^stock^) , so as to shade the Scion from the scorching heat of the day following, to prevent its drying before the (^Stock^) hath undertaken the charge of preserving it. day the day following sg O D scorching heat/vs night best time for planting

104 CEPRIV3 p235 t to you as shortly # as I can. And thus hartely far you well. From Plompton, this # 14=th= day of November. By your loving father, William Plompton. <Q E1 XX CORP DPLUMPT> <N LET TO FATHER> <A day the #th day of month sg N calendarday datum/event

105 CEDIAR3A pVIII,314 me in the evening to supper; and so pretty betimes, about 10 a-clock, to bed, and slept well. This day letters are come that my sister is very ill. 2. Up, and put on my new silk Camelott suit, ma day this day sg N calendarday event/~datum July 2, 1667 diary

106 CETRAV3A p149 coullours of their Companyes and dress up pageants and there are playes and all sorts of shows that day, in little what is done at the Lord Major of London show; then they have a great feast with fine fl day that day sg N calendarday event show

107 CEOTEST2 pI,1G d set them in the firmament of the heauen, to giue light vpon the earth: 18 And to rule ouer the day, and ouer the night, and to diuide the light from the darkenesse: and God saw that (ît was^) good. day to rule over the day sg O D vs night/~light Creation

108 CELAW3 pVIII,458 shall find the same soe kept private or concealed # and in case the same shall not within Twenty Daies next after such Seizure be claimed by the true and lawfull # Owner thereof then the said Still Daies witihin # days after pl N natural division duration after seizure

109 CEOTEST1 pVIII,1G fyrst daye of the tenth moneth, the toppes of the mounteyns appered. And after the ende of .XL. dayes. Noe opened the wyndow of the arke which he had made, a~d sent forth a raven, which went out, ever dayes # days pl N calendarday duration end of/Noe's time on the ark

110 CEHAND3B p35 he same day they are cut, put them in wet (^Moss^) , or (^Grass^) in a Box, and so they will keep a day and a night very well. (^Nectarines, Peaches^) , and (Âpricocks^) , are seldom raised otherwise day keep a day and a night sg O vs night

111 CEBIO1 p35 we seeme to sitt vppon the mountaynes, treading heretikes vnder our feete like antes, live not the day that we gladly wold wishe to be at a league and composition with them, to let them haue their churc day live not the day sg I/N/M time/moment future

112 CETRAV1B p61 rii, that was the Purificacon of our lady, the wynde made well for us. Wedynsday, Seynt Blasies Day, the wynde Rose in the # Suthweste, so contynued all Day And all nyght, and thursday all D Day St Blazey's day sg N special day Wednesday

113 CEOFFIC1 pI,210 d thus our Lord long preserve your good Grace in honor and helth. Wrytten at Woodstok the xxij=th=. day of Septembre at mydnyght. Your humble orator and moost bounden beedman Thomas More. To my Lord Leg day the #th day of month sg N calendarday datum/event

114 CETRI1 pI,65.C2 ^Winter's^) Confession, whyche was of this effect; That (^Throckmorton^) mette with (^Winter^) one Day in (^Tower-street^) , and told him, that Sir (^Thomas Wyat^) was desirous to speak with him, and (^ Day one day sg N(/I/M?) calendarday event meet

115 CEEDUC1B p279 e good, and geuing more la~des to y=e= forderance of learning, than any other contrie me~, in those dayes, did: which deede should haue bene, rather an example of goodnes, for other to folowe, than matter dayes in those days pl M/N time past/event funding

116 CETRI3A pIV,84.C1 . C. J.^) Was it every day, say you, that you saw him at (^Wolverhampton^) ? Mr. (^Gifford.^) Every day. (^L. C. J.^) They say, he was one day out of Town at (^Litchfield^) . Mr. (^Gifford.^) He was out day every day sg N calendarday ~datum 17-26/08

117 CEDIAR1A p42 The xxiij day of August was the sam prest sett on the pelere agayne for mo w[{ordes{] . The sam day be-gane the masse at sant Nicolas Colabay, # goodly song in Laten, and tapurs, and [{set on{] day the same day sg N calendarday ~datum 23/aug

118 CEBIO3 p154 uch purulent matter came from him with his Urine, which he passed always with some pain; But one day with unexpressible torment: Yet he bore it decently, without breaking out into Repinings day one day sg N calendarday event pain

119 CEDIAR1A p98 ith # ys myter; [{and they{] whent a pressessyon a-bowt the chyrche and the cloyster. The ix day of Desember was the parlement [{adjourned{] at # the Whyt Hall, her grace[{('s){] place-the iij day the #th day of month sg N calendarday datum/event

120 CENTEST1 pIV,40 elves, and knowe that # this is even in dede Christ the savioure of the worlde. After two dayes he departed thence, and went awaye into # Galile. And Iesus him selfe testified, that a Prophe dayes after # days pl N natural division duration stay/leave

121 CEFICT1B p72 reuyued, entred into # familiare talke with his wife, of many matters, how well he had spent that daye to both there proffytes, sayinge some of his cattell # were lyke to haue ben drowned in the dyches daye that day sg O(/N?) workingday/calendarday D/event spent/vs at supper tells in past tense

122 CEDIAR2B p76 after, I went to my lodging, and so went to bed <S SAMPLE 2> (Ôctober 1599. Friday the 5 day^) After priuat praier I went about the house, then I wrett notes # in my testement : then Mr Hoby day the #th day sg N calendarday ~month diary

123 CEFICT1A p143 one askyng hym what he had done for her sake/ whiche sayd that he had sayd our ladys sauter euery day wherfore she gaue hym a lytyll of the oyle. And anon she went to another askyng hym what he had d day every day sg N calendarday frequency(/event) every day/say psalter

124 CENTEST2 pXI,1 stone thee, and goest thou thither againe? 9 Iesus answered, Are there not twelue houres in the day? If any man walke in the day, he stumbleth not, because he seeth the light of this world. 10 day in the day sg O 12 hours in the day/light

125 CEAUTO2 p9 of yeares and younger then Simon, that loved Simon wonderfull welle, and wold suerly see him once a daie, or ells she wold be sicke. And often she wold com to Simon's master, and entreat him very kindly o daie a day sg N natural division frequency/event 1x per day/see him

126 CEFICT1A p26 THE OTHER THE TAYLE.}] Two frerys sat at a gentylmans tabyll whych had before hym o~ a fastyng day an ele & cut the hed of the ele & layd it vppo~ one of y=e= Freres tre~chars/ but the Frere becau day on a fasting day sg N special day

127 CETRAV2B p44 destands^) are very gallant people, and great Merchants into most parts of the world. The second day, wee went into the (^Hendownes^) Countrey, some 12. course, and came to (^Richmall^) , where in gre day the #th day sg N calendarday ~month travel report

128 CENTEST1 pVIII,20 o you. But I knowe him, and kepe his # sayinge. Youre father Abraham was glad to se my daye, and he sawe it # and reioysed. Then sayde the Iewes vnto him: thou arte not yet. l. yere # daye glad to see X's day sg N/M moment/time Jesus'

129 CETRI2A p13 that vnto them. ffor I # never ment to Endaunger any of theire lives, howsoever I speede this daye. it is to me a thinge indifferent. I am not in Love w=th= my Lyfe, nor have bene a longe tyme. I co daye this day sg N calendarday event/~event see people/trial day

130 CELAW3 pVIII,458 Suspition then and in such case it shall and may # be lawfull for such Officer or Officers in the Day time and in the Presence of a Constable or other lawfull # Officer of the Peace (who are hereby Day in the day time sg O authority allowed to enter house

131 CEHIST1B p168R.C2 of Lo~do~ / which Mayer that tyme beynge Drewe Barentyne Goldsmyth / for seruyce there by hym that daye done / as other Mayers at euery Kynges and Quenys coronacion vse for to do had there a standynge cu daye that day sg N calendarday ~date day of coronation of Charles

132 CEHIST2B p62 the very heat of these hurliments, the English burnt # one of the milles beyond the water, and the daie followinge the # other, which, when the French endeavoured to save, they were so galed by two d daie the day following the other sg N natural division series/event day later/sored

133 CETRAV2B p45 e went 12. course and lay by a well some 60. fathome deepe, where water was very scarse. The 22. day, we trauelled 16. course, where wee could get no better water then was almost halfe Cow pisse. < day the #th day sg N calendarday ~month

134 CEHIST1B p173V.C1 a Squyre called Iohn~ Stewarde / whiche daye also the Englysshe man wan y=e= worshyp. Vpon the .vi. daye Skyrmysshed there togyder an Henauder / and an Englysshe Equyer named Wyllm~ Porter. / The whiche g daye upon the #th day sg N calendarday series/event

135 CEDIAR1A p45 EDITION^] Pagett, ser Robart # Rochaster, ser Hare Jernyngham, ser Edward Dormer. The xxx day of September the Qwuyen[{('s){] grace cam from # the Towre thrugh London, rydyng in a charett gor day the #th day of month sg N calendarday datum/event

136 CEDIAR1A p97 abbay, [{round{] a-bowt London, for he sold ys wyff to a bowcher. <S SAMPLE 2> The xiiij day of November be-gane the knyll for the most # ryght reverent father in God my lord chaunseler o day the #th day of month sg N calendarday datum/event

137 CETRAV2B p43 that is made thereof, there is much trading of Merchants, form (Âgro^) and (^Lahore^) . The 25. day, we came to (^Hendowne^) , being twenty fiue course, this is an ancient faire City, where is also day the #th day sg N calendarday ~month

138 CEDIAR3B p896 & 8 horses: 30 Our Lecturer on 122. (^Psal:^) 6: (\Pomerid:\) a Stranger # on 6. Eccles: This day Prayers for the Prince of Wales were first # left off in our Church pew & pulpet. Greate day this day sg N calendarday event/date first prayers/~december diary

139 CEPRIV3 p1 ch good. My sister giues you thankes for seending him to her. I pray you remember that I recken the days you are away; and I hope you are nowe well at Heariford, wheare it may be, this letter will put you days the days pl N calendarday event(/duration) away/recken/count

140 CEOTEST1 pI,20G had made, a~d loo they were exceadynge good: and so of the evenynge and mornynge was made the syxth daye [}THE SECONDE CHAPTER.}] Thus was heave~ & erth fynished wyth all their apparell: a~ daye the #th day sg N natural division "day made of evening and morning" creation

141 CEPRIV1 p2 e rentall of Hornby. Also he has poyntyd me that I sall not com to hym or the morue after Martynmes day, and I cowde not cause hym to poynt no soner, for he sayd he cowde not geyt hyt # or then, and I s day St. Martin's day sg N special day

143 CESERM2A p3 end of the world, & for the last time, they had not onely declared what they heard and saw in the daies wherein they lived, but they haue propheci'd also of me~ in time to come. And (^you doe well^) , sa daies in the days wherin they lived pl N/M time event/present ~lived

144 CEPLAY3A pI,59 be lockt up; and # here's the young Greyhound Bitch can run loose about the House all the # day long, she can; 'tis very well. Nurse (^without, opening the Door^) . Miss (^Hoyden^) , Miss, Miss day all the day long sg N natural division duration/event all day/run loose

145 CEHIST2B p3 heape, and in other places of the Citye. This ceremony was performed upon Thursday, the seventeenth day of November, in the yeare 1558, in the five-and-twentieth yeare of her age, when shee had been well day the #th day of month sg N calendarday datum/event

146 CELAW3 pVII,75 at # if such Person who was Goaler or Keeper of such Goal or Prison on the said Five and twentieth Day of December # One thousand six hundred ninety and five shall not happen to bee the Goaler or Keep Day the #th day of month sg N calendarday datum/event

147 CEOTEST2 pIX,20G is seruant. 28 And Noah liued after the flood, three hundred and fifty yeeres. 29 And all the dayes of Noah were nine hundred & fifty yeeres, and he died. <S SAMPLE 3> [}CHAP. XII.}] [Î dayes all the days of X pl N natural division ~event ~lifetime

148 CESCIE2B p156R treth into the first degree of # (^Capricorne^) , which is about the twelfth or thirteenth daye of December at which time hee is againe in his greatest declination from the Equinoctiall Southwar daye the #th day of month sg N calendarday datum/event

149 CETRI3A pIV,83.C1 eland^) at (^Wolverhampton^) ? Mrs. (^Purcell.^) I saw him the 18th, 19th, 20th, 21st, 22d, and 23d Days of (Âugust^) , 1678. Mr. (Ât. Gen.^) Where did you see him? Mrs. (^Purcell.^) At a Friend's House Days the #th days of month pl N calendarday datum/event

150 CEHIST1B p173V.C1 we the Henauder horse and man / for whiche dede the kyng dubbyd hym forth with knyght. Vpon y=e= v. day played togyder an Henauder and a Squyre called Iohn~ Stewarde / whiche daye also the Englysshe man day upon the #th day sg N calendarday series/event

151 CEHIST1B p173V.C2 for his prowesse & manly dealyng was also of the kynge dubbyd knyght. And a Gascoygn~ that the same day wan the pryce of an other straunger was Immedyatly made knyght of the kynge. And vpon the .viii. da day the same day sg N calendarday ~date/event #th day/won

152 CEDIAR1A p46 mes folowyng: [\not # inserted by the Diarist; but see the Illustrative Notes.\] The iiij day of October was cared to the Towre the # archebysshope of Yorke, and dyvers odur to [Â B day the #th day of month sg N calendarday datum/event

153 CEOTEST1 pVII,1G .vi. hundred yere of Noes lyfe, in the seco~de moneth, in the .xvii. daye of the moneth, y=t= same daye were all the founteynes of the grete depe broken vp, & the wyndowes of heave~ were opened, a~d ther daye in the same day sg N calendarday ~datum #th day of the month

ID NR TEXTNAME page/rule SAMPLE WORDFORM CONSTRUCTION NUMBER N/O specified focus taken by COTEXT CONTEXT

1 CETRI3A IV,74.C2.5 ^) How can you tell that? Mrs. (^Duddle.^) My Lord, I can tell it very well: For I was almost every Night in the Room where he used to lie; and there lay a Gentlewoman there, that I knew. (^L. C. J.^) Wha Night every night sg O ~lie/lay

2 CEDIAR1A p200 ; and the sam nyght thay had no evyng-song at Powlles. The sam nyght abowtt viij of the cloke at nyght the # Quen[{('s){] grace toke her barge at Whyt hall, and mony mo barges, and rod a-longe nyght # o'clock at night sg O evening time/activity

3 CEOTEST1 pVII,1G ve seed vppon all the erth. For vii. days hence wyll I send rayne vppo~ the erth. .XL dayes. & .XL. nyghtes and wyll dystroy all maner of thynges that I haue made, from of the face of the erth. And Noe dy nyghtes # days & # nights pl O vs days

4 CEPLAY3B p60 t sure. (Ârch.^) If the Sun rides fast, and disappoints not Mortals # of to Morrow's Dawn, this Night shall crown my Joys. Mrs. (^Sull.^) My Sex's Pride assist me. (Ârch.^) My Sex's Strength help me. Night this night sg O

5 CEPLAY2A p47.C1 d eleuen: for at that time the iealious-rascally-knaue her husband will be forth: come you to me at night, you shall know how I speed. (^Ford.^) I am blest in your acquaintance: do you know (^Ford^) Sir? ( night at night sg O ~bed

6 CEFICT3A p270 d, how Drunk was I last night, I could hang my self for being such a sot; especially the very first night # after I was Married, and not to go to bed to my bride: well I must make her amends to night night the #th night sg O bed/sleep/vs morning/wedding

7 CEHIST1B p169V.C2 s owne suretye / At whose warnynge the Kynge secretlye departyd from wyndesore / and came the same nyght to London / whereof the sayde Lordys beynge ware / and that theyr Counceyll was bewrayed / fledde i nyght the same night sg O secretly/same

8 CETRAV2A p130.C1 The worst was, that Wine and Ale was so scarce, and the people there such Mizers of it, that euery night before I went to bed, if any man had asked me a ciuill question, all the wit in my head could not h night every night sg O evening before bed

10 CEPRIV3 p272 ee might have it: t'is said hee told Him it was true, but the liveing was # disposed of the Night before; whereupon the Gent replyed that the Incumbent was as live as either of them, and hee sayd i Night the night before sg O evening ~event

11 CETRI3A pIV,74.C2 too. But I tell you what I did observe before. Mrs. (Ânne Ireland^) swore, that they did stay all night; but Mr. ( Ireland^) refused to stay there, but would go home, because he was to go his Journey on night all night sg O evening/night leisure

12 CEPRIV1 p504 can not I tell. But at night I herd that he had ben before them, but # where he remayned that night, and so forth till he was sent hither, I neuer harde. I hard also that Maister Vicare of Croydon, a night remain that night sg O ~at night

13 CETRAV1B p25 in to the feld a myle with owt the Cetee where stondeth ij Towers, And ther we lay in the field all night. Satirday, erley in the mornyng, we toke our Jorneyne # towardys Jherusalem, And a bowt night all night sg O lie/btwn 5 in afternoon frd&early mrng satd

14 CEPRIV3 p280 rother Richard and my Cozin Dalison now to bee my most reall friends [\SIX LINES OMITTED\] A Fryday Night I went againe to # Dr. Porie's house in Warwicke Court and asked him what hee could obiect agt me Night a Friday night sg O evening visit doctor

15 CEPLAY1A pL. 263 263> (^Tib Talk.^) If she kepe not promise, I will beshrewe hir # head: But it will be starke nyght before I shall haue done. (^R. Royster.^) I will stande here a while, and talke with them # anon, I nyght it will be ?starke night sg I

16 CENTEST1 pVII,40 ple whiche knowe not the lawe, are cursed. Nicodemus # sayde vnto them: He that came to Iesus by nyght, and was one of them. # Doth oure lawe iudge eny man, before it heare him, and knowe what he h nyght by night sg O Nicodemus~Jesus/secret~captivity

17 CEDIAR3B p902 Convenience of White-hall: Lay in the same bed & appartment where the late Queene lay: & within a night or two, sate downe to # play at Basset, as the Q. her predecessor us'd to do: smiled upon & night within a night or two sg O evening? (lay), play

18 CEPRIV2 p25 e contented. It may be you may heare of it by some other, for it was not private. It was ffriday at night before # the Quene came to my Lo. Admyralles. Vppon Saterday was the running at the tilt very wel night it was Friday at night before sg O evening before queen visits Lo.

19 CEPRIV3 p292 my Horse (if I have one) be sent to the Dark House at Gravesend by Thursday Night, if not Wedensday Night. If Thou canst not send him thether, yet I pray send him to Ospring to our Brother Cater's; but I h Night Wednesday night sg O ~weekday

20 CEDIAR2B p172 des read, and wrought : after diner I went about the house, and kept with my Maides tell all most night : then I went in to my Chamber and did # some busenis : and, this after none, tooke a Lecture night almost night sg O after evening

21 CETRI3B pIV,121C2 t thou did'st? (^Dunne.^) My Lord, I will tell all I know. (^L. C. J.^) What Discourse had you that Night at the Table in the Room? (^Dunne.^) I cannot tell what Discourse truly, my Lord, there was. (^L. C Night that night sg O evening discourse/~leisure

22 CEHIST3A p1,II,164 with a sword. That was presently brought as news to me, but the reporter of it was not known. That night late his body was found in a ditch, about a mile out of town, near St. Pancras church. His sword wa night that night sg O late

23 CEOTEST2 pVIII,20G the earth remaineth, seedtime and haruest, and cold, and heat, and Summer, and Winter, and day and night, shall not cease. [}CHAP. IX.}] [ INTRODUCTION OMITTED ] And God blessed Noah, and h night day and night sg O vs day

24 CEBIO3 p150 ll the while I was with him, after he had slept out the disorders of the Fit he was in the first Night, he was not only without Ravings; but had a clearness in his Thoughts, in his Memory, in his ref Night the #th night sg O slept

25 CEFICT1A p32 executours for fere of losyng theyre romys fulfyllyd hys wyll & dyd so. It happenyd y=t= the same nyght after that he was beryed there was a mylnere in a whyte cote came to this ma~ys garden to t nyght the same night sg O evening

26 CEEDUC3A p44 nd rather quilts then feathers. # Hard lodging strengthens the parts whereas being buried every night # in feathers melts and dissolves the body and is often the cause of weakenesse and the forerunner night every night sg O ~bed/sleep

27 CETRAV1B p52 e ys yett a # Dilectable place. Thus we cam to Jherusalem, the same Satyrday, at nyght, and went to Mounte Syon, and ther refresshed vs and rested vs for that nyght. SatyrDay, at aft nyght at night sg O evening/night rest

28 CEBIO3 p155 seemed as much past all hopes of life as now; which made him one Morning after a full and sweet Nights rest, procured by (\Laudanum\) , given him without his knowledge, to fancy it was an effort of N Nights night's rest sg O rest

29 CEAUTO2 p5 e # downe againe, and so they folowed it till it ran into a neighbour's # wodbine; and the same nighte aboute midnighte, after the dancing and sporte was almoste ended, he going into his chamber to goe nighte the same night sg O ~midnight/chamber/leisure ends

30 CEOTEST2 pVII,1G rth. 4 For yet seuen dayes, and I will cause it to raine vpon the earth, fortie dayes, and forty nights; and euery liuing substance that I haue made, will I destroy, fro off the face of the earth. 5 A nights # days and # nights pl O vs days

31 CEOTEST2 pVII,1G he windowes of heauen were opened. 12 And the raine was vpon the earth, fortie dayes, and fortie nights. 13 In the selfe same day entred Noah, and Sem, and Ham, and Japheth, the sonnes of Noah, and No nights # days and # nights pl O vs days

32 CETRI3B pIV,114C1 , were not you? (^Dunne.^) Yes. (^L. C. J.^) Did you see (^Carpenter's^) Wife, upon your Oath, that Night? (^Dunne.^) My Lord, I did not. (^L. C. J.^) Nor no Woman-kind besides the Girl you speak of? (^Dun Night that night sg O

33 CEHIST1B p169V.C2 affynyte / made prouysyon for a Dysguysynge or a mummynge to be shewyd to the Kynge vpon Twelfethe nyght / and the tyme was nere at hande & all thynge redy for the same / vpon the sayd .xii. day came secr nyght upon #th night sg O special night vs christmas days

34 CEDIAR1B p359 s the hale, and al the # other logings of mine in the house, very finely dressed. And for this night and the next day al was spent in dauncing and pastime, as though it were a court, and great presenc night this night sg O evening/night vs day/leisure

35 CEHAND3A p214 indeed such a companion should have his charges born: and to such company I hope to bring you this night; for at (^Trout-hall^) , # not far from this place, where I purpose to lodge to night, # th night this night sg O evening company/vs lodge

36 CEPRIV3 p293 ee and Thine then they would have been in case I had not made any agreement. It is late this Sunday Night and so I shall commit Thee and Thine to his Protection who alone is able to preserve us, whose Name Night Sunday night sg O ~weekday

37 CEFICT1B p40 me. I neuer saw them before." "O, out vpon them!" quoth the parson; "they be false theues, and this night thei compelled me to geue them al the money in my house." "Benedicite!" quoth this good wife, "and night this night sg O criminality

38 CEPRIV2 p24 Seacreatoryes to dinner when in the gallory before her going she knighted M=r= Jhon Pagington. That night she cam to my Lo. Admiralls agayne, and dyned ther vppon Tuesday. Vppon Tuesday at night she came t night that night sg O evening dine

40 CEAUTO2 p5 e of our Lord God, 1563, at Christmas, his father had him, and on the new yeare's eave # after at nighte the father of the said Simon died, for he had kepte a great Christmas, and on the day before new ye nighte at night sg O 24h after night before

41 CETRI3A pIV,85.C1 h him to (^Litchfield^) , do you say, on the 23d? Mrs. (^Graves.^) Yes, and so did my Uncle; and at Night we came back together. Mr. (^Sol. Gen.^) What Religion are you of, Mistress? Mrs. (^Graves.^) I am Night at night sg O evening after day

42 CETRI3A pIV,75.C1 Ireland^) came to me at my house in (^Hertfordshire^) at (^Standen^) , upon the 3d of (Âugust^) at Night. (^L. C. J.^) What Day of the Week was that, my Lord? Lord (Âston.^) As I remember, it was (^Satur Night (upon DATE) at night sg O part of day

43 CEOTEST2 pXIV,1N ION OMITTED ] And all the Congregation lifted vp their voyce and cried; and the people wept that night. 2 And all the children of Israel murmured against Moses, and against Aaron: and the whole Cong night that night sg O evening

44 CEHAND3B p119 r (^Wall-fruit^) from (^blasting winds^) and (^Frosts^) ; it will be necessary to cover them in the nights, and cold days by hanging before them (^Matts^) or (^Blankets^) : some stick (^branches^) of (^broo nights in the nights pl O cover/vs day sap in trees

45 CEBOETH3 p182 the Light of perspicuous Truth without difficulty; and they resemble those Birds which see well by Night, but are blind in the Day-time: For whilst they do not regard the Order of things, but only their o Night (see) by night sg O vs daytime/nightbirds

46 CEHAND2A pB1V all night, shee would tell him certainely. He went home, and put a table Napkin about her necke all night, and in the morning tooke it with him, and shee told him the girle was bewitched in deede, and so t night all night sg O lie/vs morning

47 CEPRIV1 pI,241 beg pardon for me to my Lady for writting such a short letter to her, and tell her I was last # night at S=t= Jeames, and y=t= ther was but a few dancers. Y=e= best # were Lady Hartington, Lady Bet night last night sg O evening events

48 CETRI3B pIV,121C2 e to my Lady (^Lisle's^) , nor never did entertain them in my House in my life-time, so much as one Night. (^L. C. J.^) Prithee, I do not ask thee what thou did'st not, but what thou did'st? (^Dunne.^) My Night # night sg O evening entertain people

49 CEDIAR1B p361 ce in August last, faining himself sike. Hammon also confessed the watch he kept in his chaumbre at night. Bren also confessid much of this matter. The lord Straung confessid how the duke willed him to stu night at night sg O keep watch/chambers

50 CEHAND3B p38 ing; because there passeth up much more (^sap^) , or ( juice^) , in the (^day^) time, than in the (^night^) ; as was observed by him in piercing the (^Birch tree^) , and other (^Trees^) , to get the ( liqu night in the night sg O vs day sap in trees

51 CEFICT3A p270 noise to disturb my Mistris this morning so early, poor woman, she has had very little sleep this night. (^Tom.^) What impudent Jades this that says I bawl in my own house, Hussy who are you that speaks night this night sg O sleep

52 CEDIAR2B p172 by : after, I # praied and dined : then I wrougt : and, after, I walked to the Dales, and at night I returned to priuat examenation and praier (^The : 23 :^) In the Morninge I wrett to Mr wa night at night sg O evening prayer/examination diary

53 CEHIST3B pX,277 Huntingdon^) and (^Mat. West.^) say, he # went thether to repress the (^Swedes^) , and that the night before a Battel to be fought with them. (^Godwin^) stealing out of the Camp with his English, assau night at night sg O evening/night before morning

54 CEPRIV1 pI,211 ] Y=e= 5=th= of Feb., [\1695\] . The post served me just as it did y=r= Losp., for last # night I received both y=rs= of the 30 of Jan: and that of the second of this # moneth. Heneage is so night last night sg O evening receive letter

55 CEPRIV3 p341 # faithfulnes to mee, & Patience with mee; the lord wil reward it. One of my Fellow Prisoners last night receiv'd a letter from his wife # subscrib'd - so I rest dear Husband in all Duty & Obedience you night last night sg O evening receive letter

56 CETRI3A IV,74.C1 ^) . (^L. C. J.^) Did he stay out of Town one Night? Mrs. (^Duddle.^) Yes, he staid out of Town all Night. (^L. C. J.^) Are you sure he staid all Night? Mrs. (^Duddle.^) I am sure he staid but one Night. ( Night all night sg O stay out

57 CEOTEST2 pXIV,1N em, and that thou goest before them, by day time in a pillar of a cloud, and in a pillar of fire by night. 15 Now if thou shalt kill all this people, as one man, then the nations which haue heard the fa night by night sg O vs day

58 CEOTEST2 pI,1G firmament of the heauen, to giue light vpon the earth: 18 And to rule ouer the day, and ouer the night, and to diuide the light from the darkenesse: and God saw that ( it was^) good. 19 And the eueni night over the night sg O vs day/light-dark creation

59 CEFICT3A p159 receive the kiss. At length, she opens the VVindow, and desires what he does to do quickly: now the night was very dark, and she felt about till she found him, and to tell the Tale neither better nor worse night the night sg O cheating/bedroom

60 CEPRIV3 p292 order to which pray let my Horse (if I have one) be sent to the Dark House at Gravesend by Thursday Night, if not Wedensday Night. If Thou canst not send him thether, yet I pray send him to Ospring to our Night Thursday night sg O ~weekday

61 CEBIO2 p110 s Sir (^John Perrott^) sett out from (^Gyllingham^) to the (^Downes^) , and there rode at Ankor one Night; from thence they sett forwards to (^Falmouth^) , where they remayned for a Sevenight, and sent to Night one night sg O(/N)a time (or evening or duration?) "Sevenight" !!

62 CEHAND2B p106 calfe some three moneths, some two, and some one, but these wil giue their vsuall measure euen the night before they calue; and therefore are said to be Kine deep of milke. Now for the retained opinion, t night the night before sg O evening ~event

63 CETRI3B pIV,121C1 en be entertain'd? She said they might. So when we came to my Lady (^Lisle's^) , on the (^Tuesday^) night, somebody took the two Horses, I cannot tell who, if I were to die; the two went in; and after I ha night Tuesday night sg O ~weekday

64 CEDIAR3A pVII,414 d was fain to be buried at the almes of the parish - and carried to his # grave in the dark at night, without one Linke, but that Mr Hingston met it by chance and did give 12d to buy two or three lin night at night sg O dark

65 CEPRIV3 p280 day noone and my Cozin Dalison is going to take water for Gravesend. Shee will bee at Deane Tuesday night. I have wrot a letter by her to thee; there is nothing in it but what is in this, only something night Tuesday night sg O ~weekday

66 CETRI3A pIV,74.C2 , that he went out of Town on the (^Wednesday^) , and staid out all Night, and lay at home but two Nights, and then went away. But now when I put her in mind to take care what she said, she swears, she is Nights # nights pl O (duration?) lay

67 CEOTEST1 pI,1G lso. And God put them in the fyrmament of heaven to shyne vpon the erth, and to rule the daye & the nyghte, a~d to devyde the lyghte from darcknesse. And God sawe y=t= it was good: and so of the evenynge a~ nyghte the day and the night sg O vs day/~light&dark

68 CEPLAY2A p47.C1 alt know, I will predominate ouer the pezant, and thou shalt lye with his wife. Come to me soone at night: (^Ford's^) a knaue, and I will aggrauate his stile: thou (Master (^Broome^) ) shalt know him for night at night sg O during the night/lie with wife

69 CEPLAY2A p47.C2 te his stile: thou (Master (^Broome^) ) shalt know him for knaue, and Cuckold. Come to me soone at night. (^Ford.^) What a damn'd Epicurian-Rascall is this? my heart is ready to cracke with impatience: wh night at night sg O during the night/lie with wife

70 CESCIE2B p154R circle to the # going down of the Sunne under the Horizon. And the first parte of the # night is the space betwixt the Suns going down and his comming againe to the Meridian, which is night (the #th part) of the night sg O sundown

71 CEHAND2A pB1V ed; marry if he would goe home, and bring her som of the clothes which the child lay in all night, shee would tell him certainely. He went home, and put a table Napkin about her necke all night, an night all night sg O lie/vs morning

72 CETRAV1B p34 yd, hys face Coverd and bobbyd, And most grevowsly betyn and ther sufferyd many afflicions all that nyght. Ther ys allso a lytyll cave at the Auters ende wher they shette hym # ynne tyll the Jewys had nyght all that night sg O jesus after cruxifiction

73 CETRI3A pIV,74.C2 ks. I mark'd that other Day he went out of Town; and he came again, and his Mother staid there that Night: And he went on (^Saturday^) Morning out of Town. I know it very well; for my Husband was his Tayl Night that night sg O stay/vs morning after

74 CEHAND2A pE3V re the Communion cup was stollen: the Churchwardens rode to a wise man, he gaue them direction what night, and where they should stand, and the party that had stollen it should come thither, and confesse h night what night sg O steal

75 CEDIAR1A p99 and they wer all bornyd by ix at iij postes; and ther # wher a commonment thrughe London over nyght that no yong folke shuld come ther, for ther the grettest [{number{] was as has # byne s nyght over night sg O

76 CENTEST2 pIII,1 was a man of the Pharisees, named Nicodemus, a ruler of y=e= Iewes: 2 The same came to Iesus by night, and said vnto him, Rabbi, wee know that thou art a teacher come from God: for no man can doe these night by night sg O secretly/captivity

77 CEFICT1A p143 X.\] OF MASTER WHYTTYNTONS DREME.}] Sone after one mayster Whyttinto~ had bylded a colege on a nyght as he slept he dremyd that he sad in his church & many folkys ther also/ & further he dremyd y=t nyght on a night sg O slept/dream

78 CEDIAR2A p138 om the rock and sowtheast and by east from the castle: sending our men a shore to mend our boat, at nyght Blancher and his felo carpenters wer missing and whils the rest sowght for them they wer al taken b nyght at night sg O missing/"arrested when searching by watch"

79 CEPRIV1 p504 o the Towre. What time my Lorde of Rochester was called in before them, that can not I tell. But at night I herd that he had ben before them, but # where he remayned that night, and so forth till he w night at night sg O ~leisure

80 CEPRIV1 p3 u let # my father haue it, because he spake to me for such meathe. I will nowe # bide you god night, for it is past a leauen a cloke. I pray God # presarue you and giue you good sugsess in all y night bid X good night sg O past eleven

81 CEPRIV3 p277 it will be I may get, I cannot tell. My Lord Bishop of Winchester came not to Town untill Saturday night last; his Secretary came upon Fryday last, and I have spake with him, and just as I met him night until Saturday night sg O ~weekday

82 CEBIO2 p115 ) , had lost cleane all the Knowledge of his Course; beinge taken with Tempest in the midest of the Night, and soe continuing in Myste and fowell Weather, as the Violence of the Waves and Windes would cari Night in the middle of the night sg O ~middle lost course on ship

83 CESERM2A p4 ut God himselfe was their instructour, he himselfe taught the~ partly by dreames and visions in the night, partly by revelations in the daie, taking them aside from amongst their brethre~, and talking with night in the night sg O dreams and visions/vs day(revelations)

84 CEAUTO1 p203 enye loffe # and my glasse full of fayere water up to my lodgynge, beynge faste # lockte up every nyghte, and at mydnyghte alwaye whan they searched the prysonars' iornys [\irons\] than one shold come and nyghte every night sg O ~midnight

85 CEOTEST1 pI,1G was good: & devyded the lyghte from the darcknesse, and called the lyghte daye, and the darcknesse nyghte: and so of the evenynge and mornynge was made the fyrst daye And God sayd: let there be a fyrmam nyghte (the darkness=) night sg O vs day/light-dark creation

86 CEHAND3B p35 y they are cut, put them in wet (^Moss^) , or (^Grass^) in a Box, and so they will keep a day and a night very well. (^Nectarines, Peaches^) , and (Âpricocks^) , are seldom raised otherwise than by ( i night keep a day and a night sg O vs day

87 CEPRIV3 p340 ee, in regard wee have no drink but strong (unless very # seldom) neither morning, noon, nor night, w=ch= may turn to Feavorish # distempers, wanting exercise - I have not trodden on the ground si night nor night sg O evening vs other parts of the day

88 CEPLAY3B p60 Sir, I think so. Mrs. (^Sull.^) What shall we do, Sir? (Ârch.^) Madam, I wish your Ladyship a good Night. Mrs. (^Sull.^) Will you leave me? (Ârch.^) Leave you! Lord, Madam, did not you command me to be g Night wish a good night sg O evening leave

89 CEHIST2B p62 their provision was consumed: the sodainenes of the adventure, and # the darckenes of the night brought a great feare and confusion upon them within the towne. Notwithstandinge, the French regard night (the darkness of) the night sg O darkness

90 CEOTEST1 pVII,1G s God co~maunded hym: & y=e= Lorde shytt the dore vppo~ him And the floud came .XL. dayes & .XL. nyghtes vppon the erth, & the water increased and bare vp the arcke a~d it was lifte up from of the erth An nyghtes # days & # nights pl O vs days

91 CETRAV1B p55 we rode vpon, ryght weke # and ryght simple, and evyll trymed to Jorney with wher we lay all that nyght. Tewysday, abowzt viij or ix of the cloke, we toke our assis # and cam towardes Jaffe, the Tur nyght all that night sg O btwn afternoon&morning

92 CEPLAY2B p2 u? (^Moll.^) The last weeke. (^Maudl.^) Last weeke, when I was of your bord, he mist me not a night, I was kept at it, I tooke delight to learne, and he to teach me, prittie browne Gentleman, he took night a night sg O evening meeting

93 CEDIAR1B p465 e # feld. 17. The Flemminges, and the Englishmen that toke their # partes, assaulted by night Hamleteu; the Englishmen were on the walles, and some of the Flemminges also, but by the couardise night by night sg O evening? attack

94 CETRI3A pIV,74.C1 e Recreation? Mrs. (^Duddle.^) I do not know. (^L. C. J.^) But just now, you swore he staid out all Night? Mrs. (^Duddle.^) No, my Lord. (^L. C. J.^) Yes, but you did though; prithee mind what thou art abo Night staid out all night sg O evening/night duration stay out

96 CEAUTO1 p210 heir handys, and yt be hys wyll!" Than wente I over ynto Sowthewarke, and there laye all # nyghte. Yn the mornyng I roose up early, toke a bote and wente to # Lymehouse, and so from thence to nyghte all night sg O lie/vs morning

97 CEPRIV2 p26 t as soon as I maye. M=r= Jermy is travelled into a Damaske gowne, and followeth the courte day and night. I have forgott what he called my oncle Anthony in Greeke but I thinke he will harddly prove him sh night day and night sg O vs day

98 CEEDUC1B p215 call, and let go the faire game. Men that hunt so, be either ignorant persones, preuie stealers, or night walkers. Learning therefore, ye wise fathers, and good bringing vp, and not blinde & dangerous e night night walkers sg O criminality

99 CEAUTO2 p3 lde swallowe him up, yet he thought he did overpasse them. And thes dremes and visions he had every nighte continually for 3 or 4 yers space. Thes visions God did showe him in his youth, to signifie unto hi nighte every night sg O dreams and visions

100 CEDIAR1A p198 and the Quen[{('s){] grace and the embassadurs stod in # the galere lokyng of the pastym tyll vj at nyght; and after they # whent by water unto Powll wharff, and landyd, and contenent unto ther logyng t nyght til # at night sg O evening time/after…

101 CEDIAR2A p79 EK, OR CIPHER. ] <S SAMPLE 1> [}FEBRUARIE}] 1. [\Thurs.\] we supped at Smalmans 12=d=. At nyght was playd cats and dogs and plumping and other wawling sport. 2. [\Fri.\] (^Purificati nyght at night sg O evening sport/play

102 CEPLAY3A pI,60 alth. ( (^Drinks.^) ) (^Sir Tun.^) Ah poor Girl, she'll be scar'd out of her Wits on # her Wedding Night; for, honestly speaking, she does not know a Man from a Woman, but by his Beard, and his Britches. Night wedding night sg O ~sleep with partner

103 CEHIST2A p574 forced to lye in a Tente whiche he set vp in the Church Porch, and to haue men to watch him in the nighte season, for feare of his enimie: but his fellowe (^William^) remayned on the sea, vntill the Admira nighte the night season/time sg O watch/lie in tent ! Night season, cf daytime

ANALYSED SAMPLES EARLY MODERN ENGLISH NIGHT

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