ENE Biodiesel

7/30/2019 ENE Biodiesel

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B.Tech 7th

SemesterCivil Engineering

Presented By-


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BIODIESEL

Alternative fuel for diesel engines

Made from vegetable oils or animal fat

Meets health effect testing (CAA)

Lower emissions, high flash point, safe

Biodegradable, non-toxic


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BIODIESEL MOLECULES

Mono-alkyl esters produced from triglyceride

esters

Vegetable Oil

BiodieselFA

FAFA

FA


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Chemistry of Triglycerides Triglyceride is made from a combination of

glycerol and three fatty acids


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Transesterification

CH2OOR1 catalyst CH2OH

| |

CHOOR2 + 3CH3OH 3CH3OORx + CHOH| |

CH2OOR3 CH2OH

Triglyceride 3 Methanol Biodiesel Glycerin

R1, R2, and R3 are fatty acid alkyl groups (could be different, or the same),and depend on the type of oil. The fatty acids involved determine the final

properties of the biodiesel (cetane number, cold flow properties, etc.)


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Integrated BioDiesel Plant

Seed crushers are used for crushing of

Jatropha and other oil seeds.

This machine is equipped with a steam

bath unit for pre-operation of the kernels

and filtration unit for purifying the

extracted crude oil.

The oil cake left behind after

purification is used for the agricultural

purposes as manure or raw material for

the bio gas plant.


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The product obtained by trans-esterification of any

vegetable oil is said to be bio diesel.

These units efficiently produce high outputs of bio-

diesel used in the commercial market as an automobile

fuel.

All the processes of these machines are highly

sophisticated and PLC BASED control.

The by-products left over by this unit after the

extraction of pure diesel like glycerol is also

marketable.


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EXPELLER

FILTER

PRESS

REACTOR

Seeds

Cake

Sediments

Unfiltered Oil

Filtered Oil

SCHEMATICS

OFTHEBIO-DIESELPLANT


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SODIUM

METHOXIDETANK

REACTOR

Methanol NaOH Filtered Oil

SCHEMATICS


SETTLING TANK

SteamCondensate


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SETTLINGTANK

BIO-DIESEL

SOAP

GLYCERIN

SCHEMATICS



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Biodiesel 100%

Glycerin


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Oil ContentUS

gal/acreLitersoil/haKgoil/haCrop50% - 55%15114131188Castor beans

70%28726892260Coconut12%18172145Corn (maize)

13% - 15%35325273Cotton30% - 35%20218921590Jatropha

35%63559505000Palm oil36%1131059890Peanuts37%127

1190

1000

Rapeseed

15%48446375Soybean32%102952800Sunflower

Source: www.journeyforever.comJan. 2007
http://www.journeyforever.com/http://www.journeyforever.com/http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.jatrophabiodiesel.org/images/aboutJatropha_pic3.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.jatrophabiodiesel.org/aboutJatrophaPlant.php?_divid=menu1&h=137&w=184&sz=6&hl=en&sig2=LB5pV7rjSkv9unQf6Ywvvg&start=82&tbnid=_EcdPusxayBiaM:&tbnh=76&tbnw=102&ei=DF2aRcinGpWgSZ-k_YUD&prev=/images?q=jatropha+seeds&start=72&ndsp=18&svnum=10&hl=en&lr=&sa=Nhttp://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://i2.ebayimg.com/05/i/06/9c/1c/20_1.JPG&imgrefurl=http://cgi.ebay.com/25-Seeds-Jatropha-curcus-Physic-nut-Purging-nut_W0QQitemZ7769118430QQcmdZViewItem&h=300&w=400&sz=29&hl=en&sig2=gbs8H5sMLp9VgUgoOywvEw&start=62&tbnid=ZNynqzOeWQCqyM:&tbnh=93&tbnw=124&ei=A12aRZWBEoOCSLKF9aoB&prev=/images?q=jatropha+seeds&start=54&ndsp=18&svnum=10&hl=en&lr=&sa=N


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Higher cetane Greater lubricity

Superior detergency

Higher flash point

More mileage

Greater horsepower

Less smoke

Smoother running engines

Quicker starts Longer engine life

Reduced maintenance

BenefitsFeatures

Bio Diesel A better fuel vs. Diesel


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Produced from renewable materialseco friendly / closed CO2 cycle.

Local & self productionless relianceon foreign oil.

Contains practicallyno sulfur(0.001%)non toxic.

Considerablydecreases emissions(up to 50%).

Easily decomposes

does not harm soil or ground water.

Biodiesel is not hazardous material (flashpoint above 110C).

Eligible as fuels under international standards & specifications (world-wide).

Eligible for CDM (Clean Development Mechanism - Kyoto Treaty)

The biodiesel can be manufactured from Crude Palm Oil. The other oil

sources are all the non edible oils, a few of them are Jatropha oil, Neem Oil,

Karanja Oil, Mahua Oil, etc. Also used frying (cooking) oils can be used for

bio diesel production.

2


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Biodiesel can be corrosive to rubber materials.

Biodiesel is not necessarily more economic than regular diesel.

Depend on the plants, their related processes and, other

incentives.

Biodiesel can last up to 6 months. In 6-12 months need to be

treated.


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ENE Biodiesel

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