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    Data Center Techno

    1.0 Cisco data center fundamental concepts

    Describe network architectures for the data center (LAN, SAN)

    Describe the modular approach in network design

    Describe the data center core layer

    Describe the data center aggregation layer

    Describe the data center access layer

    Describe the collapse core model

    Describe Cisco FabricPath

    Identify key differentiator between DCI and network interconnectivity

    Describe, configure, and verify vPC

    Describe the functionality ofand configure port channels

    Describe and configureVDC

    Describe the edge and core layers of the SAN

    Describe the Cisco Nexus product family

    Configureand verify network connectivity

    Identify control and data plane traffic

    Perform initial setup

    2.0 Data center unified fabric

    Describe FCoE

    Describe FCoE multihop

    Describe VIFs

    Describe FEX products

    Perform initial setup

    3.0 Storage networking

    Describe the initiator target

    Verify SAN switch operations

    Describe basic SAN connectivity

    Describe the different types of storage array connectivity

    Verify name server login

    Describe, configure, and verify zoning

    Perform initial setup

    Describe, configure, and verify VSAN

    4.0 Data center virtualization

    Describe device virtualization

    Describe server virtualization

    Describe the Cisco Nexus 1000V Switch

    Verify initial setup and operation for the Cisco Nexus 1000

    5.0 Unified computing

    Describe the Cisco UCS product family

    Describe the Cisco UCS Manager

    Describe, configure, and verify cluster configurationDescribe and verify discovery operation

    Describe, configure, and verify connectivity

    Perform initial setup

    Describe the key features of the Cisco UCS Manager

    6.0 Data center network services

    Describe standard Cisco ACE features for load balancing

    Describe server load-balancing virtual context and high av

    Describe server load-balancing management options

    Describe the benefits of the Cisco Global Load Balancing

    Describe how the Cisco Global Load Balancing Solution inCisco load balancers

    Describe the Cisco WAAS need and advantages in the da

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    Discussion of the FC layers and what each layer is comprised of

    Understand various Fiber Channel Topologies

    Understanding VSANs and the different port types on a Fiber channel switch

    Discuss Fiber Channel Addressing

    Understand class of service and Flow control mechanisms

    Discuss Fiber channel Login process

    Basic Zoning concepts

    Understanding NPV-NPIV

    Discuss the switched fabric and how switches interconnect

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    Fibre Channel!What Is It?

    Fibre Channel

    ! Circuit & packet switched

    ! Reliable transfers

    ! High data integrity

    ! High data rates

    ! Low latency

    ! High connectivity

    ! Long distance

    Blends characteristics ofI/O channels & networks

    ! Connection service

    ! Physical circuits

    ! Reliable transfers

    ! High speed

    ! Low latency

    !

    Short distance! Hardware intensive

    I/O Channels

    ! Connectionle

    ! Logical circui

    ! Unreliable tra

    ! High connect

    ! Higher latenc

    ! Longer distan

    ! Software inte

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    SStorage

    ! Disks -TARGETS

    ! Tapes

    ! Optical (e.g. DVD) etc.

    !!to Servers & Mainframes - INIT

    AArea

    ! In the Data Centre

    ! Server Room

    !Between Data Centres

    N Network! Fibre Channel & FICON

    ! iSCSI

    ! FCIP (and iFCP)

    !And now Fibre Channel over E

    Storage Area Networks

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    F

    F

    B

    S

    IEEE 802.2

    Link Encapsulation

    (FC-LE)

    ULP(Upper Level Protocol)

    (SampleThere Are More) SCSI-3

    SCSI-3 Mapping

    (SCSI-FCP)FC-4

    SNMP Mapping

    (FC-SNMP)

    FC-3 Common Services

    FC-0

    FC-1

    FC-2Fibre Channel Physical and

    Signaling Interface

    (FC-PH, FC-PH2,

    FC-PH3)Physical Interface

    Encode/Decode

    Framing Protocol FC-AL FC-A

    Copper Optic

    8B/10B Encoding

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    Structure Is Divided into Five Levels of Functionality

    FC-0 defines the physical interface characteristics

    Signaling rates, cables, connectors, distance capabilities, etc.

    FC-1 defines how characters are encoded/decoded for transmission

    Transmission characters are given desirable characters

    FC-2 defines how information is transported

    Frames, sequences, exchanges, login sessions

    FC-3 is a place holder for future functions

    FC-4 defines how different protocols are mapped to use Fibre Channel

    SCSI, IP, virtual interface architecture, others

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    Fibre Channel Topologies

    Switched Fa

    Arbitrated Loop (FC-AL)

    Point-to-Point

    hub

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    Ethernet!

    Is non-deterministic.

    Flow control is destination-based

    Relies on TCP drop, retransmit and sliding

    window mechanisms

    Spanning tree for loop avoidance

    Key services are an add-on

    Fibre-Channel!

    Is deterministic.

    Flow control is source-basmechanism)

    Key services are integrate

    No loop issues

    In-built routing with FSPF

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    Standard Fibre Channel Port Types

    N_port: Node ports used to connect devices to switched fabric or point topoint configurations.

    F_port: Fabric ports residing on switches connecting Nport devices

    L_port: Loop ports are used in arbitrated loop configurations to buildnetworks without FC switches.

    NL_ports: Loop ports often also have Nport capabilities as well

    FL_ports: Switch ports that connect to a set an Arbitrated Loop

    E_port: Expansion ports are essentially are used to connect two FibreChannel switches

    G_port: A generic port capable of operating as either an Eor Fport. Itsalso capable of acting in an Lport capacity. Uses auto discoveryto select mode.

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    Fibre Channel Port Types

    TE_port: Trunk Expansion ports are essentially trunk ports which are used toconnect two Fibre Channel switches. They carry multiple vsan traffic.

    NP Port: NP ports are N ports connected to an NPV switch in an NPV-NPIVconnections.

    TNP Port: TNP ports are trunking enabled NPV port.

    TF port: TF ports are trunking enabled F ports on an NPIV core switch.These ports are generally used in NPV-NPIV connections.

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    G_Port

    G_Port

    E_Port

    F_Port

    F_Port

    E_Port

    N_Port

    N_Port

    More on Fibre Channel Port TypesIncluding some newer, vendor specific terms/types

    Fibre Channel Switch

    NPSwit

    F_Port NP_PortFabric Switch

    MDS/Brocade

    TE_PortFabricSwitch

    TE_Port

    End No

    EndNode

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    Typically, a host is known as an initiator, while the storage and tape units are considere

    The initiator is the device that initiates the traffic. The target is the device that the commto. For example, a storage device that is SAN attached, will never send data to the hos

    (initiator) sends a command to the (target).

    Some intelligent storage arrays will act as as both a target, when the host is sending co

    as an initiator, when it is sending commands to a remote array (as in a replication enviro

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    Virtual SANs (VSANs)Fabric Separation Building Virtual Fabrics

    VSANs

    Provides a method to allocate ports within a Physical Fabricand create Virtual Fabrics

    Analogous to VLANs in Ethernet

    Virtual fabrics created from larger physical fabric

    Reduces wasted ports of a SAN island approach

    Fabric events are isolated per VSANwhich gives furtherisolation for High Availability

    Statistics can be gathered per VSAN

    VSANs supported on M

    UCS Produ

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    VSAN is a Virtual Storage Area Network. Each MDS can be part of multiple VSANs. Dethe same VSAN to be capable of communication. MDS switch ports are assigned to VSA

    result is that the devices that attach to the MDS are placed into that VSAN. VSANs are cinterfaces assigned to the VSANs.

    VSAN 323

    VSAN 323Domain 0x16

    TSI-9710# config tEnter configuration commands, one per line. End TSI-9710(config)# vsan database

    TSI-9710(config-vsan-db)# vsan 323

    TSI-9710(config-vsan-db)# vsan 323 interface fc 2

    TSI-9710(config-vsan-db)#

    TSI-9710# show flogi database--------------------------------------------------------------------------------INTERFACE VSAN FCID PORT NAME NODE NAME

    --------------------------------------------------------------------------------fc2/3 323 0x160000 10:00:00:00:00:11:00:00 10:00:00:00:00:00:11:00

    fc4/3 344 0xe20000 10:00:00:00:00:12:00:00 10:00:00:00:00:00:12:00

    Total number of flogi = 2.

    FC 2/3

    VSAN 344Domain 0xe2

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    When an ISL link comes up, the MDS/N5K will try to merge the VSAN on each end, into a sThere are rules that govern if the merge can successful or not.

    - VSAN must be configured on each side

    - VSAN must be permitted to cross the link- Domain ID for the VSAN must be unique in the 2 switches

    -

    No zoning conflicts can exist.

    VSAN 323Domain 0x16

    FC 2/3

    MDS-1-95# sh int fc 1/17fc1/17 is trunkingAdmin port mode is auto, tru

    Port mode is TEPort vsan is 1

    Speed is 4 Gbps

    Rate mode is dedicatedTransmit B2B Credit is 16

    Receive B2B Credit is 16Receive data field Size is

    Trunk vsans (admin allowedTrunk vsans (up) Trunk vsans (isolated)

    Trunk vsans (initializing)

    FC1/17

    VSAN 323Domain 0x44

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    How do we identify devices in a SAN?

    Can I use the MAC address as an identity?

    What do I need to start communication?

    Can IP address be used to send FC frames?

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    Fibre Channel NamingFor unique device identification, Fibre Channel uses 64-bit Node Names

    20:01:00:05:30:01:97:43

    If it uses an IEEE OUI ranges, its a World Wide Name (WWN)

    Device with N_Portshave World Wide Node Name Cisco refer to this as a nWWN (others use WWNN o

    N_Portsassociated with a WWN are assigned a unique World Wide Port Name Cisco refer to this a theWWPN or WWpN)

    pWWNs are the same format as nWWN and derived from it.

    It is the pWWN that is used as the unique identifier in the fabric mapped to FC addresses

    Switches have Node Names (sWWN);

    Switch ports have fabric port names (fWWN)

    nWWNpWWN1

    pWWN2

    pWWN1

    pWWN2

    fWWN1 fWWN2

    WWN is not the

    It is not used in forwar

    sWWN2

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    Switch Topology Model

    SwitchDomain Area

    P

    Fabric Channel ID (FCID)

    Fibre Channel Addressing Scheme

    24-bit FCIDassigned to every WWN correspondingto an N_Port

    FCIDis assigned when a device joins the fabric(see FLOGI later)

    FCID made up of switch domain, area and port(device)

    ! Domain ID represent a single FC switch

    !Limit of Domain IDs in a single fabric theoretical max of239

    Frame forwarding decisions are based on Domain ID- the first 8 bits of FCID

    FC Fabric

    Domain ID10

    Domain ID11

    FC10.0

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    Idles* SOF Frame Header Data Field CRC E

    General FC-2 Frame Format

    Frame Content

    0-528 Transmission Word

    (4)(0-2112)(24)(4)

    Fibre Channel Frame Format

    All FC frames follow the general frame format as shown below

    Idles are Ordered Sets used for synchronization and basic signaling

    SOF Start-of-Frame, EOF End-of-Frame

    * 6 Idle words (24 bytes) requires by TX

    2 Idle words (8 bytes) guaranteed to RX

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    R_CTL Routing D_ID 24bits Destination

    78

    15

    16

    23

    24

    31Word

    0

    1

    2

    3

    4

    5

    S_ID 24 bits SourceCS_CTL 8 bits ClassSpec

    TYPE 8 bitsData structure

    SEQ_ID 8 bitsDF_CTL 8 bitsData field

    F_CTL 24 bits Frame Control

    SEQ_CNT 16 bits Sequence Count

    OX_ID 16 bits Originator Exch ID RX_ID 16 bits Responder Exch ID

    Parameter Specific to frame type

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    Sequence 2

    Sequence 3

    Sequence 1

    Cnt 1

    Cnt 2

    Cnt 1

    Cnt 1

    Cnt 3

    TSI

    TSI

    TSI = Transfer Sequence Initiative

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    Sequence Initiator SequenceRecipient

    Fabric

    R_RDYR_RDY

    BB_C BB_C

    TX Buf

    T

    TX Buf

    TX Buf

    RX Buf

    RX BufRX

    RX Buf

    SOFi3

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    Sequence Initiator SequenceRecipient

    Fabric

    ACK

    R_RDYR_RDY

    R_RDY

    R_RDYACK

    EE_Credit

    BB_C BB_C

    TX Buf

    T

    TX Buf

    TX Buf

    RX Buf

    RX Buf

    RX

    RX Buf

    SOFi2

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    Switch Switch

    SOFiF

    ACK

    R_RDY

    R_RDY

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    FFFFFEWell-known address of login serverBasic responsibility to assign FCID

    FFFFFCWell-known address of fabric directory name server

    Basic responsibility registration of devices and distribution of database

    FFFFFDWell-known address of fabric controller

    Basic duties responsible for managing fabric, initialization, FSPF routing, responsible for Rfor SCNs

    FC Standards T11-http://www.t11.org/t11/docreg.nsf/draftlr

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    My Port is up... Lets TalkFLOGIs & PLOGIs

    Step 1: Fabric Login (FLOGI)

    !

    Exchanges Service Parameters with the Fabric

    ! Switch identifies the WWNin the service parameters of the acceptframe and assigns a Fibre Channel ID (FCID)

    ! Initializes the buffer-to-buffercredits

    Step 2: Port Login (PLOGI)

    ! Required between node and the name server database of the switch to

    register itself.! Similar to FLOGI transports a PLOGI frame to the designation N_Port

    ! In p2p topology (no fabric present), initializes buffer-to-buffer credits

    Step 3: Process Login (PRLI)

    ! Required between two nodes to communicate to each other.

    FC Fabric

    FCID

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    FLOGI - Fabric Login

    Issued by N_Port to destination FF FF FEto

    Determine if Fabric is Present Establish a session with the Fabric

    Exchange Service Parameters with the Fabric

    FLOGI ACCEPT assigns N_Ports 24 bit address to N_Port .

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    Fibre Channel

    R_CTL: 0x22

    Dest Addr: ff.ff.fe

    CS_CTL: 0x00

    Src Addr: 00.00.00

    Type: Ext Link Svc (0x01)

    F_CTL: 0x290000 (Exchange Originator,

    Seq Initiator,Exchg First, Seq Last,

    Transfer Seq Initiative,

    Last Data Frame - No Info, ABTS - Abort/MS, )

    SEQ_ID: 0x00

    DF_CTL: 0x00

    SEQ_CNT: 0

    OX_ID: 0x008e

    RX_ID: 0xffff

    Parameter: 0x00000000

    FC ELS

    Cmd Code: FLOGI (0x04)

    Common Svc Parameters

    B2B Credit: 4

    Common Svc Parameters: 0x0 (Alt B2B Credit Mgm0000 .... = BB_SC Number: 0

    .... 1000 0000 0000 = Receive Size: 2048

    Max Concurrent Seq: 18

    Relative Offset By Info Cat: 20352

    E_D_TOV: 0

    N_Port Port_Name: 10:00:00:01:73:00:94:84 (00

    Fabric/Node Name: 10:00:00:01:73:00:94:84 (00Class 1 Svc Parameters

    Service Options: 0x0(Class Not Supported)

    Class 2 Svc Parameters

    Service Options: 0x0(Class Not Supported)

    Class 3 Svc Parameters

    Service Options: 0x8800(Seq Delivery Requeste

    Initiator Control: 0x0(Seq Delivery RequestedRecipient Control: 0x0(Seq Delivery RequestedClass Recv Size: 0

    Total Concurrent Seq: 0

    End2End Credit: 0

    Open Seq Per Exchg: 0

    Class 4 Svc Parameters

    Service Options: 0x0(Class Not Supported)

    Vendor Version: 00000000000000000000000000000000

    Notice SID

    F_CTL bits

    Class 3

    only

    My receive

    credit

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    Fibre Channel

    R_CTL: 0x23

    Dest Addr: 7e.00.00

    CS_CTL: 0x00

    Src Addr: ff.ff.fe

    Type: Ext Link Svc (0x01)

    F_CTL: 0x980000 (Exchange Responder,Seq Initiator, Exchg Last,Seq Last,CS_CTL, Last Data Frame - No Info, ABTS - Abort/MS, )

    SEQ_ID: 0x00

    DF_CTL: 0x00

    SEQ_CNT: 0

    OX_ID: 0x008e

    RX_ID: 0x3d32

    Parameter: 0x00000000

    FC ELS

    Cmd Code: ACC (0x02)

    Common Svc Parameters

    B2B Credit: 12

    Common Svc Parameters: 0x1300 (Alt B2B Credit 0000 .... = BB_SC Number: 0

    .... 1000 0100 0000 = Receive Size: 2112

    Max Concurrent Seq: 0Relative Offset By Info Cat: 10000

    E_D_TOV: 2000

    N_Port Port_Name: 20:41:00:05:30:00:51:1e (00

    Fabric/Node Name: 20:01:00:05:30:00:51:1f (00Class 1 Svc Parameters

    Service Options: 0x0(Class Not Supported)

    Class 2 Svc Parameters

    Service Options: 0x8800(Seq Delivery RequesteInitiator Control: 0x0(Seq Delivery Requested

    Recipient Control: 0x0(Seq Delivery RequestedClass Recv Size: 0

    Total Concurrent Seq: 0

    End2End Credit: 0

    Open Seq Per Exchg: 0Class 3 Svc Parameters

    Service Options: 0x8800(Seq Delivery RequesteInitiator Control: 0x0(Seq Delivery Requested

    Recipient Control: 0x0(Seq Delivery RequestedClass Recv Size: 0

    Total Concurrent Seq: 0

    End2End Credit: 0

    Open Seq Per Exchg: 0

    Class 4 Svc Parameters

    Service Options: 0x0(Class Not Supported)

    Vendor Version: 00000000000000000000000000000000

    Notice DID

    This is

    your FCID

    F_CTL bits

    Class 2 & 3

    supported

    My receive

    credit

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    PLOGI N_Port Login

    Established sessions between two N-Ports

    Required before Upper Level protocol operations can begin

    N_Port will register to the Name Server FF FF FCin Fabric with all required log

    N_Port will then query Name Server for other N_Ports on the Fabric.

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    Fibre Channel

    R_CTL: 0x22

    Dest Addr: ff.ff.fc

    CS_CTL: 0x00

    Src Addr: 7e.00.00

    Type: Ext Link Svc (0x01)

    F_CTL: 0x290000 (Exchange Originator, Seq Initiator, ExchgFirst, Seq Last, CS_CTL, Transfer Seq Initiative, Last DataFrame - No Info, ABTS - Abort/MS, )

    SEQ_ID: 0x00

    DF_CTL: 0x00

    SEQ_CNT: 0

    OX_ID: 0x0095

    RX_ID: 0xffff

    Parameter: 0x00000000

    Notice

    D_ID

    Notice much of the service

    parameters exchanged are the

    same

    FC ELS

    Cmd Code: PLOGI (0x03)

    Common Svc Parameters

    B2B Credit: 4

    Common Svc Parameters: 0x8000 (Cont. Incr. OSupported, Alt B2B Credit Mgmt, E_D_TOV ResoNormal SEQCNT rules, Payload Len=116 bytes)

    0000 .... = BB_SC Number: 0

    .... 1000 0000 0000 = Receive Size: 2048

    Max Concurrent Seq: 255

    Relative Offset By Info Cat: 0

    E_D_TOV: 500

    N_Port Port_Name: 10:00:00:01:73:00:94:84 (0Fabric/Node Name: 10:00:00:01:73:00:94:84 (0

    Class 1 Svc Parameters

    Service Options: 0x0(Class Not Supported)

    Class 2 Svc Parameters

    Service Options: 0x0(Class Not Supported)

    Class 3 Svc ParametersService Options: 0x8000(Non-zero CS_CTL Mayb

    Initiator Control: 0x0(Initial P_A Not Suppo

    Recipient Control: 0x0(ACK_0 Not Supported, Policy: Discard Policy only)

    Class Recv Size: 2048

    Total Concurrent Seq: 255

    End2End Credit: 0

    Open Seq Per Exchg: 1

    Class 4 Svc Parameters

    Service Options: 0x0(Class Not Supported)

    Vendor Version: 00000000000000000000000000000000

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    Fibre Channel

    R_CTL: 0x23

    Dest Addr: 7e.00.00

    CS_CTL: 0x00

    Src Addr: ff.ff.fc

    Type: Ext Link Svc (0x01)

    F_CTL: 0x980000 (Exchange Responder, Seq Initiator, Exchg Last,Seq Last, CS_CTL, Last Data Frame - No Info, ABTS - Abort/MS, )

    SEQ_ID: 0x00

    DF_CTL: 0x00

    SEQ_CNT: 0

    OX_ID: 0x0095

    RX_ID: 0x3d37

    Parameter: 0x00000000

    FC ELS

    Cmd Code: ACC (0x02)

    Common Svc Parameters

    B2B Credit: 0

    Common Svc Parameters: 0xc800 (Cont. Incr. OffsSupported, RRO Supported, Normal B2B Credit

    E_D_TOV Resolution in ms, Normal SEQCNT rul

    Payload Len=116 bytes)

    0000 .... = BB_SC Number: 0

    .... 1000 0100 0000 = Receive Size: 2112

    Max Concurrent Seq: 128Relative Offset By Info Cat: 255

    E_D_TOV: 2000

    N_Port Port_Name: 24:8d:00:05:30:00:51:1e (00:0

    Fabric/Node Name: 20:01:00:05:30:00:51:1f (00:0

    Class 1 Svc Parameters

    Service Options: 0x0(Class Not Supported)

    Class 2 Svc Parameters

    Service Options: 0x8000(Non-zero CS_CTL Maybe T

    Initiator Control: 0x0(Initial P_A Not Supporte

    Recipient Control: 0x0(ACK_0 Not Supported, ErrDiscard Policy only)

    Class Recv Size: 2112

    Total Concurrent Seq: 64End2End Credit: 8

    Open Seq Per Exchg: 1Class 3 Svc Parameters

    Service Options: 0x8000(Non-zero CS_CTL Maybe T

    Initiator Control: 0x0(Initial P_A Not Supporte

    Recipient Control: 0x0(ACK_0 Not Supported, ErrDiscard Policy only)

    Class Recv Size: 2112

    Total Concurrent Seq: 64

    End2End Credit: 0

    Open Seq Per Exchg: 1

    Class 4 Svc Parameters

    Service Options: 0x0(Class Not Supported)

    Vendor Version: 00000000000000000000000000000000

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    Fabric F_PortLogin ServerX

    FF FF FE

    64-Bit Node WWN64-Bit Port WWN

    FLOGI

    Accept

    RegistrationInformation

    PLOGI

    Accept

    Registrationfor State Changes

    SCRFabric ControllerX

    FF FF FD

    Accept

    Name Server Query

    Accept

    Address Discovery forSCSI Storage Devices

    Host System N_Node

    By Registering for State-Change Notifications the Port or Domain Controller Can

    Then Notify the Connected Ports with RSCNs When a Port Changes; State-Change Notifications W

    Zone

    Name ServerX

    FF FF FC

    Name ServerX

    FF FF FC

    24-Bit Port ID

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    What is Zoning

    Fabric Zoning Access Control for the Fabric

    Zonesdefine who can talk to who in a Fabric

    Only members of the same Zone can exchange PLOGIs and thuscommunicate

    ! Devices can be members of more than one zone

    ! Default zoning is policy is deny No communications possibleunless in a zone

    Zones belong to a zoneset

    Zoneset must be active to enforce zoning

    Only one active zoneset per fabric or per VSAN

    zone name EXAMPLE_Zonefcid 0x10.00.01 [pwwn 10:00:00:00:c9:76:fd:31] [initiator]fcid 0x11.00.01 [pwwn 50:06:01:61:3c:e0:1a:f6] [target] pWWN = 10:00:00:00

    pWWN= 50

    Domain ID10

    Domain ID11

    FC10.0

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    Disk port is a member of both zones

    Hosts are members of a single zone

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    Switch

    interface

    FCFCFC

    FCFC

    Domain

    0x06

    7/16

    2/1

    FCID = 0x060100

    PWWN = 20:0d:12:55:26:8f:34:cb FCID = 0x060600

    PWWN = 20:0d:67:fc:3d:67:10

    FWWN = 20:21:00:0d:ec:0f:b4:c0 FWWN = 20:91:00:0d:ec:0f:b

    FWWN = fabric port

    WWN

    FCID that is

    assigned during

    FLOGI

    PWWN = Device port

    WWN

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    TSI-9710# show zoneset active

    zoneset name zs21 vsan 21

    zone name zone_one vsan 21* fcid 0x1d0000 [pwwn 10:00:00:00:00:11:00:00]

    * fcid 0xe80000 [pwwn 10:00:00:00:00:13:00:00]

    zone name zone_two vsan 21

    * fcid 0x1d0001 [pwwn 20:00:00:00:00:11:00:00]

    pwwn 20:00:00:00:00:13:00:00

    zoneset name zs22 vsan 22

    zone name zone_two vsan 22* fcid 0x540000 [pwwn 10:00:00:00:00:14:00:00]

    * fcid 0xe20000 [pwwn 10:00:00:00:00:12:00:00]

    One active zonese

    Zones are membe

    Devices are mem All switches in the

    same view of zoni The * indicates tha

    active in the fabric

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    What is NPIV?N-Port ID Virtualization (NPIV)

    Provides a means to assign multiple FCIDsto a single N_Port

    Allows multiple applications to share the same FC adapter port

    Provides a means to assign multiple Server Logins to a single physical interface

    One HBA = many virtual WWNs "VM awareness inside the SAN Fabric

    Different pWWNallows access control, zoning, and port security to be implemented at the application level

    Usage applies to applications such as VMWare, MS Virtual Server and Citrix

    !""#$%&'() +,-.,- /0 1234 0(-, +5$6%7

    89&$#

    :,;

    /$#, +,-.$%,

    1?2(-6?3@ A

    :,; 3=>

    1?2(-6?3@ B

    /$#, +,-.$%,< 3=>

    1?2(-6?3@ C

    /?2(-6

    F_Port

    N_Port

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    What explosion??

    One domain ID per switch inside blade enclosure

    Theoreticalmaximum number of Domain IDs is 239per VSAN

    Supportednumber of domains is quite smaller:

    EMC: 40 domains

    Cisco Tested: 75

    HP: 40 domains

    Manageability

    Lots of switches to manage

    Possible domain-ID overlap

    Possible FSPF reconfiguration

    Domain-id0x0A

    0x0C 0x0D

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    What is NPV?

    NPV enables the switch to act as a proxy for connected hosts

    NPV switch does not use a Domain ID

    Inherits Domain ID from upstream fabric switch

    No longer limited to Domain ID boundaries

    Manageability

    Far less switches to manage NPV very much plug and play

    NPV-enabled switch is managed much like a host

    Reduces SAN management complexity

    NPV-switch: no zoning, name server, etc.

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    N-Port Virtualizer (NPV)

    Uses NPIV functionality to allow a switch to act like a server performing multiple logins through

    Servers connected to the NPVswitch login to the upstream NPIV core switch

    ! Uplink from NPVswitch to NPIV core switch performs FLOGI

    ! Server logins are converted (proxy) to FDISC to login NPIV Core switch

    No local switching is done on an FC switch in NPVmode

    FC edge switch in NPVmode does not consume a Domain ID

    Scalability will be dependent on FC login limitation (MDS is ~10K per fabric)

    1,DE< FGGGH I@+ JADDH I@+ ;#&K,

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    Each VSAN on a Trunking E portwill establish a logical ISL

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    A point to point frame sent from the fabric controller of one (VSAN) switch (Fthe fabric controller of the other switch.

    This frame is used to setup and govern the communication between the two Supported classes of service, fibre channel timers, buffer to buffer credits, another things are exchanged using the ELP frame and the subsequent SW_Aaccept) to the ELP.

    This is also where isolation can occur due to a mismatch in fibre channel timeID conflicts!

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    The ESC (Exchange Switch Capabilities) frame allows switches to exchangeabout the routing protocols supported and agree on a common routing protoc

    The vendor ID field is used by the MDS to determine that the switch on the oanother MDS switch. This is indication that Trunking E_Ports (TE) and VSANsupported.

    Only the ELP winner, the port that receives the SW_ACC to its ELP, sends

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    FCSwitch

    DID 4FCSwitch

    DID 5

    FCSwitch

    DID 6

    FCSwitch

    DID 8

    EFP domain list 8

    EFP domain list 4, 5, 6

    EFP domain list 4, 5, 6, 8

    Link being initialized

    SWWN 111

    SWWN 444

    SWWN 333

    SWWN 222Principle

    Principle switch does

    though the SWWN 11

    SWWN in the existing

    the EFP from DID 5 co

    overrides the lower SW

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    T11- http://www.t11.org/t11/docreg.nsf/draftlr

    Where to start?

    FC-PI-4 Fibre Channel Physical Interfaces

    FC-FS-3 - Framing and Signaling 2

    FC-LS-2 - Link Services

    FC-GS-6 - Generic Services 6

    FC-SW-5 - Switch Fabric Generation 5

    FC-BB-5 Fibre Channel Backbone (FCoE, FIP)

    There are others depending on the situation, but the ones above are a good starting point

    Robert Kembels Comprehensive Introduction to Fibre Channel & Fibre Channel Switched

    http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?arnumber=00533918

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