Checklist Chemistry 2013

8/13/2019 Checklist Chemistry 2013

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Checklist for Scoring A In Chemistry 2013

1

CHECKLIST

FOR

SCORING

GRADE A

IN

CHEMISTRY

SPM 2013


2/13


Chapter 2: The Structure of the Atom

A !no"le#ge $%efinition& meaning an# facts' Check 1) State the kinetic theory of matter.

State one example to support the kinetic theory of matter

2) What are atom, molecule and ion?

3) What is melting point?

4) efine proton num!er and nucleon num!er.

") State the meaning of isotopes.

#) State the uses of isotopes such as car!on$14 and co!alt$#%.

( )n#erstan#ing * Application * Analysis&) 'xplain (hy the temperature remains unchanged during the melting process.

) 'xplain (hy the temperature remains unchanged during the free*ing process.

+) solid compound is heated until it con-erts into gas. 'xplain the changes in energy content,forces of attraction !et(een the particles, and arrangement of particles.

1%) State the main su!atomic particles of an atom.ompare and contrast the relati-e atomic mass and the relati-e charge of the su!atomicparticles of the atom.

11) Al27

13is the sym!ol of aluminium.

/a) etermine the num!er of neutron of aluminium./!) ra( the electron arrangement of aluminium.

C Synthesis $+,periment'12) Solid 0 has a melting point of #"o. escri!e a la!oratory experiment to determine the melting

point of 0. our ans(er should sho( ho( the melting point of 0 is determined.

13) ompound W has a free*ing point of 2o. escri!e a la!oratory experiment to determine thefree*ing point of W.

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3/13


Chapter 3: Chemical -ormulae an# +.uations

A !no"le#ge $%efinition& meaning an# facts' Check 1) State the meaning of relati-e atomic mass !ased on car!on$12 scale.

2) efine a mole.

3) State the meaning of molar mass

4) State the meaning of molar -olume of gas.

") State the meaning of empirical formula.

#) State the meaning of molecular formula.

( )n#erstan#ing * Application * Analysis&) 'xplain (hy (e couldnt determine the empirical formula of copper/) oxide !y heating copper

po(der in a cruci!le.

) ompare and contrast empirical formula (ith molecular formula using ethane as an example.

+) inegar is a dilute ethanoic acid (ith a molecular formula of 53665./a) 7ind the empirical formula of ethanoic acid./!) 7ind the percentage composition !y mass of car!on in ethanoic acid.

1%) 3.# g of car!on reacted (ith %. g of hydrogen to form a compound./a) etermine the empirical formula of the compound formed./!) 8i-en that the relati-e molecular mass of the compound is g, find its molecular formula.

9:elati-e atomic mass; ,12< 5, 1=

11) 5ydrogen 8as is reacted (ith 2% g of hot copper/) oxide po(ders to produce solid copperand (ater./a) Write the chemical e>uation for the reaction./!) alculate the maximum mass of solid copper formed. 9:elati-e atomic mass; u, #4< 6,1#< 5,1=

C Synthesis $+,periment'12) escri!e a la!oratory experiment to determine the empirical formula of magnesium oxide.

our ans(er should include all the precautions and calculations in-ol-ed.9:elati-e atomic mass; g, 24< 6,1#=

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4/13


Chapter 4: Periodic Table of ElementsA !no"le#ge $%efinition& meaning an# facts' Check 1) State the !asic principle of arranging the elements in the @eriodic Aa!le from its proton

num!er.

2) State the physical properties of 8roup 1.

3) State the physical properties of 8roup 1&.

4) State the changes in the atomic si*e and electronegati-ity of elements across @eriod 3.

") State three special properties of transition elements?

B. Understanding / Application / Analysis

#) State the position of element X39

20in @eriodic Aa!le. 'xplain your ans(er.

&) When across @eriod 3 from sodium to argon, the atomic si*e decreases. 'xplain (hy.

) When across @eriod 3 from sodium to argon, the electronegati-ity increases. 'xplain (hy.

+) Ahe reacti-ity of 8roup 1 increases (hen going do(n the group. 'xplain (hy.

1%) Ahe reacti-ity of 8roup 1& decreases (hen going do(n the group. 'xplain (hy.

11) Why helium gas is not reacti-e?

12) B is an element from 8roup 1. B in !urnt in oxygen and the product is dissol-ed in (ater.What is the property of the solution formed? 'xplain Why.

13) hlorine gas is dissol-ed in (ater.What can you o!ser-e if a piece of !lue litmus paper is immersed into the solution formed?'xplain (hy.

14) W is an element from 8roup 1. @redict the chemical reaction of W (ith;

a) (ater,!) 6xygen,

State the o!ser-ation and (rite the chemical e>uation in-ol-e.

C. Synthesis E!periment"

1") escri!e a la!oratory experiment to compare the reacti-ity of elements in 8roup 1; lithium,sodium and potassium.

1#) escri!e a la!oratory experiment to compare the reacti-ity of chlorine, !romine and iodine inthe reaction (ith iron (ool. State the o!ser-ation and (rite the chemical e>uations in-ol-e inreactions.

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5/13


Chapter #: Chemical BondsA !no"le#ge $%efinition& meaning an# facts' Check 1) What is anion?

2) What is cation?

3) State t(o physical properties of ionic compounds.

4) State t(o physical properties of co-alent compounds.

B. Understanding / Application / Analysis

") 'xplain (hy sodium chloride can conduct electricity in a>ueous state !ut cannot conductelectricity in solid state.

#) agnesium chloride and hydrogen chloride are t(o compounds of chlorine. t roomcondition, magnesium chloride exists as a solid !ut hydrogen chloride exists as a gas. 'xplain(hy.

&) escri!e the formation of ionic !ond in sodium chloride, Cal.

) Dy using example, descri!e the formation of co-alent !ond !et(een element from 8roup 14

and element from 8roup 1&.

C. Synthesis

+) ra( electron arrangement of the compound formed from the follo(ing elements.a) Citrogen and hydrogen,!) ar!on and oxygen,c) agnesium and chlorine,d) ar!on and hydrogen,e) 5ydrogen and chlorine,f) Sodium and oxygen.

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6/13


Chapter /: +lectrochemistry

A !no"le#ge $%efinition& meaning an# facts' Check 1) State the meaning of electrolyte.

2) State the meaning of electrolysis.

3) State three factors affecting electrolysis of an a>ueous solution.

( )n#erstan#ing * Application * Analysis4) 'xplain (hy solution of hydrogen chloride in (ater can conduct electricity !ut solution of

hydrogen chloride in methyl!en*ene cannot conduct electricity?

") Dy using example, explain ho( the follo(ing factors can determine the selecti-e discharge ofions at the electrodes.a) Aypes of electrodes,!) oncentration of the ions.

#) escri!e the electrolysis of molten lead/) !romide.

&) escri!e the extraction of aluminium !y electrolysis.

) ra( the structure of aniell cell and explain ho( it can produce electricity.

+) ra( the structure of a dry cell and explain ho( it can produce electricity.

C. Synthesis

1%) escri!e a la!oratory experiment to extract lead from lead/) oxide !y using electrolysis.

11) escri!e a la!oratory experiment to sho( that types of electrodes affecting the selecti-edischarge of ions in electrolysis of copper/) sulphate solution.

12) ou are gi-en magnesium ri!!on, copper plate, magnesium nitrate solution, copper/)sulphate solution, connecting (ires (ith crocodile clips, 2"% cm3!eaker, -oltmeter and porous

pot.onstruct a -oltaic cell !y using the a!o-e materials.'xplain ho( the -oltaic cell can produce electricity. our ans(er must include o!ser-ation andhalf e>uations for reaction at anode and cathode.

13) escri!e a la!oratory experiment to construct the electrochemical series of magnesium,copper, *inc and lead.

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7/13


Chapter : Aci#s an# (ases an# Chapter : Salts

A !no"le#ge $%efinition& meaning an# facts' Check 1) State the meaning of acid and alkali.

2) What is the meaning of strong acid and (eak alkali?

3) What is neutralisation?

4) What is salt?

") What is precipitate reaction?

( )n#erstan#ing * Application * Analysis#) Ahe p5 -alue of solution ammonia in (ater is + !ut the p5 -alue of solution of ammonia in

trichlomethane is &. 'xplain (hy the p5 -alues of the t(o solutions are different.

&) % cm3of distilled (ater is added to 2% cm3of 2.% moldm$3solution of 5l. 7ind the molarity ofthe dilute solution.

) n a titration, 4% cm3of %.2" moldm$3potassium hydroxide, E65 solution is needed toneutralise 2% cm3of nitric acid, 5C63. alculate the molarity of the nitric acid, 5C63.

+) 8i-en dilute nitric acid and dilute sulphuric acid ha-e the same concentration of %." moldm$3. na neutralisation experiment, 2% cm3 of nitric acid is re>uired to neutralise 2% cm3 of sodiumhydroxide solution !ut only 1% cm3 of sulphuric acid is re>uired to neutralise 2% cm3of sodiumhydroxide solution. 'xplain (hy.

C Synthesis1%) escri!e a chemical test to determine a gi-en solution is an acid solution.

11) escri!e a la!oratory experiment to determine the concentration of sodium hydroxide !y usingtitration process. ou are gi-en %.2 moldm$3of dilute sulphuric acid, phenolphthalein, !urette,pipette and conical flask.

12) ou are gi-en solid sodium chloride. escri!e ho( to prepare sodium chloride solution of %.2moldm$3in la!oratory !y using 2"% cm3-olumetric flask.

13) escri!e the preparation of *inc sulphate .

14) escri!e the preparation of lead/) chloride.

1") escri!e the preparation of potassium nitrate.

1#) Solid W is a salt. escri!e the tests you (ould carry out to confirm the presence of *inc ionsand nitrate ions in the salt?

1&) Solid B is a metal car!onate. escri!e the tests you (ould carry out to confirm that B consistsof car!onate ions !esides heating..

1) ou are gi-en four test tu!es filled (ith solution consist of *inc ions, lead/) ions, aluminiumions and magnesium ions respecti-ely. escri!e the tests you (ould carry out to confirm theion that present in each test tu!e.

1+) ou are gi-en potassium chloride solution, lead/) oxide po(der and dilute nitric acid.escri!e ho( you (ould prepare lead/) chloride salt from the gi-en materials.

2%) ou are gi-en dilute sulphuric acid, copper/) nitrate solution and sodium car!onate solution.escri!e ho( you (ould prepare copper/) sulphate salt from the gi-en materials.

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8/13


Chapter : anufacture# Su4stance in In#ustry

A !no"le#ge $%efinition& meaning an# facts' Check 1) What is the meaning of alloy?

State the aims of making alloys.

2) What is the meaning of composite materials?State the components of the follo(ing composite materials;a) :einforced concrete,

!) Superconductor,c) 7i!re optic,d) 7i!re glass,e) @hotochromic glass.

3) State the catalyst, temperature and pressure of the follo(ing process;a) /a) ontact process!) /!) 5a!er process

4) What is the meaning of polymers?Came the monomer of polythene and poly-inyl chloride.

") State four types of glass and their compositions. Fist the uses of each glass.

#) What is ceramics? State the properties and list the uses of ceramics.

( )n#erstan#ing * Application * Analysis&) Dron*e is an alloy consists of copper and tin. 'xplain (hy !ron*e is harder than copper.

) 'xplain ho( acid rain is formed.escri!e ho( acid rain causes en-ironmental pollution.

+) 'xplain the industrial process in-ol-ed in the manufacture of sulphuric acid.Write all the chemical e>uations in-ol-e.

1%) 'xplain the industrial process in-ol-ed in the manufacture of ammonia gas.Write all the chemical e>uations in-ol-e.

C Synthesis11) escri!e a la!oratory experiment to prepare ammonium sulphate /ammonium fertiliser)

12) escri!e a la!oratory experiment to compare the hardness of !rass and copper.

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9/13


Chapter 10: 5ate of 5eaction

A !no"le#ge $%efinition& meaning an# facts' Check 1) What is rate of reaction?

2) What is stated in the collision theory?

3) What is acti-ation energy?

4) What is effecti-e collision?

( )n#erstan#ing * Application * Analysis") 'xplain ho( surface area /si*e of reactant) can increase the rate of reaction !ased on collision

theory.

#) 'xplain ho( temperature can increase the rate of reaction !ased on collision theory.

&) 'xplain ho( catalyst can increase the rate of reaction !ased on collision theory.

) 'xplain (hy hydrochloric acid of 2.% moldm$3is reacted faster (ith *inc compare tohydrochloric acid of %." moldm$3.

C Synthesis+) 5ypothesis; Ahe smaller the si*e of reactant, the higher the rate of reaction.

escri!e a la!oratory experiment to confirm the hypothesis !y using the reaction !et(eencalcium car!onate and hydrochloric acid.

1%) escri!e a la!oratory experiment to sho( that the presence of catalyst (ill increase the rate ofdecomposition of hydrogen peroxide.

11) escri!e a la!oratory experiment to sho( that an increase in temperature (ill increase the rateof reaction !et(een sodium thiosulphate solution and sulphuric acid.

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10/13


Chapter 11: Car4on compoun#s

A !no"le#ge $%efinition& meaning an# facts' Check 1) What is homologous series?

2) What is saturated hydrocar!on and unsaturated hydrocar!on? State an example of each ofthem.

3) 'xplain (hat is isomers and isomerism !y using !utane as an example.

4) What is polimer? State an example of polymer and its monomer.

") What are saturated and unsaturated fats?

( )n#erstan#ing * Application * Analysis#) 'xplain (hat is isomers and isomerism !y using !utane.

&) 'xplain (hy ethene gas can decolourises the acidified potassium mangante/) solution !utethane can not decolourises acidified potassium mangante/) solution.

) 'xplain (hy !oth hexane and hexane ha-e six car!on atoms !ut hexene !urns (ith a moresooty flame.

+) @entane and propane are mem!ers from alkane family. 'xplain (hy the melting point ofpentane is higher than propane.

1%) @ropanol and propanoic acid are dissol-ed in (ater. t is found that propanol solution is aneutral !ut propanoic acid is an acid solution.

11) 'xplain the coagulation process of latex.

12) 'xplain ho( to pre-ent coagulation of latex.

C Synthesis

13) escri!e a test to differential hexene and hexane.

14) escri!e a la!oratory experiment to prepare ethane gas from ethanol.

1") escri!e a la!oratory experiment to prepare ethanoic acid gas from ethanol.

1#) 'thylpropanoat is a product from reaction !et(een alcohol and car!oxylic acid./a) State t(o physical properties of ethylpropanoat./!) escri!e a la!oratory experiment to prepare 'thylpropanoat. our ans(er must include the

dra(ing of the setup$apparatus and the chemical e>uation in-ol-e.

1&) 'xplain ho( to prepare propanoic acid from propene.

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11/13


Chapter 12: 6,i#ation an# 5e#uction

A !no"le#ge $%efinition& meaning an# facts' Check 1) What is oxidation and deduction !ased on loss or gain of oxygen?

2) What is oxidation and deduction !ased on transfer of electrons?

3) What is oxidation and deduction !ased on changes in oxidation num!er?

4) What are redox reactions? State an example of redox reactions.

") What is oxidising agent and reducing agent? State an example of oxidising agent and reducingagent.

( )n#erstan#ing * Application * Analysis#) etermine (hether the reaction !et(een hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide is a redox

reaction. 'xplain your ans(er !ased on changes in oxidation num!er.

&) etermine (hether the reaction !et(een lead/) nitrate and copper/) is a redox reaction.'xplain your ans(er !ased on changes in oxidation num!er.

) Ahe reaction !et(een *inc and copper/) sulphate solution is a redox reaction. 'xplain (hy.

+) When !romine (ater is added to the potassium iodide solution, the solution changes colourfrom colourless to !ro(n. 'xplain the o!ser-ation.

1%) escri!e the rusting of iron.

11) mixture of copper/) oxide and aluminium po(der is heated strongly. Ahe mixture !urns!rightly. 'xplain this o!ser-ation !ased on oxidation and reduction.

12) hlorine (ater is added to potassium iodide solution in a test tu!e. 2 cm3of 1,1,1$trichloroethene is added to the test tu!e and the mixture is shaken thoroughly. Ahe colour of1,1,1$trichloroethene changes from colourless to purple. 'xplain the o!ser-ation.

C Synthesis13) escri!e a la!oratory experiment to change the oxidation num!er of iron from G2 to G3.

5o( (ould you confirm that iron/) is formed?

14) escri!e a la!oratory experiment to change the oxidation num!er of iron from G3 to G2 !yusing *inc.

1") escri!e the extraction of iron.

1#) ou are gi-en lead, *inc, copper and their oxides. escri!e a la!oratory experiment tocompare the reacti-ity of these metals to(ard oxygen.

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12/13


Chapter 12: Thermochemistry

A !no"le#ge $%efinition& meaning an# facts' Check 1) What is exothermic reaction and endothermic reaction?

State an example for each reaction.

2) What is heat of precipitation?

3) What is heat of displacement?

4) What is heat of neutralisation?

") What is heat of com!ustion?

( )n#erstan#ing * Application * Analysis#) 'xplain ho( exothermic reaction and endothermic are formed !ased on energy change during

formation and !reaking of chemical !onds.

&) 'xplain (hy the heat of com!ustion of !utanol is higher than ethanol.

) 'xplain (hy the heat of neutralisation !et(een strong acids and strong alkalis is a constant,that is $"&kHmol$1?

+) 'xplain (hy the heat of neutralisation !et(een ethanoic acid and sodium hydroxide is lessthan$"&kHmol$1?

1%) "% cm3of 2 moldm$3sodium hydroxide solution is added to "% cm3 of 2 moldm$3 hydrochloricacid. Ahe temperature increases t o.a) f 1%% cm3of 2 moldm$3sodium hydroxide solution is added to 1%% cm3 of 2 moldm$3

hydrochloric acid, predict the increase in temperature.

!) f "% cm3of 1 moldm$3sodium hydroxide solution is added to "% cm3 of 1 moldm$3


c) f "% cm3of 4 moldm$3sodium hydroxide solution is added to "% cm3 of 4 moldm$3


C Synthesis11) escri!e a la!oratory experiment to determine the heat of displacement of copper !y *inc.

12) escri!e a la!oratory experiment to determine the heat of neutralisation !et(een strong acidsand strong alkalis.

13) escri!e a la!oratory experiment to determine the heat of com!ustion of methanol.

14) IAhe higher the num!er of car!on atoms per molecule, the higher is the heat of com!ustionJ

escri!e a la!oratory experiment to pro-e that the a!o-e statement is true !y using methanol,ethanol, propan$1$ol, !utan$1$ol and pentan$1$ol.

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13/13


Chapter 13: Chemicals for Consumers

A !no"le#ge $%efinition& meaning an# facts' Check 1) What is soap?

2) What is saponification process?

3) What is detergent?

4) State the functions of each of the follo(ing additi-es in detergent.a) Whitening agent/example; sodium per!orate)!) 6ptical (hitener/fluorescent dyes)c) Diological en*yme /'xample; amylases, lipases, proteases and cellulases)d) 7ragrance

") What is hard (ater?

#) State the function of each of the follo(ing food additi-es;a) @reser-ati-es / Sodium nitrite, sodium !en*oate)!) ntioxidants /scor!ic acid)c) 7la-ourings /onosodium glutamate /S8), spartame)d) Sta!ilisers

e) Ahickeners

&) State the functions of the follo(ing modern medicines.a) nalgesics / spirin, @aracetamol, odeine)!) nti!iotics / @enicilin, Streptomycin)c) @sychotherapeutic medicine / Stimulant, ntidepressant, ntipsychotic)

) State the side effects of paracetamol and aspirin.

( )n#erstan#ing * Application * Analysis+) escri!e the cleansing action of soap.

1%) 'xplain (hy the cleansing action of a detergent is more effecti-e than a soap in hard (ater.

C Synthesis11) escri!e a la!oratory experiment to prepare soap from palm oil using the saponification

process.

12) escri!e a la!oratory experiment to in-estigate the cleansing action of a soap and a detergentin hard (ater.

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Checklist Chemistry 2013

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