Aula Timur 6

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AULA TIMURBANDUNG INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

8.0 SURVEYORS OVERALL ASSESSMENT

Based on the analysis, an overall assessment for Aula Timur can be done in order to

maintain the building for a long time.

8.1 Surveyors overall opinion

Aula Timur is used as a hall since it is fully accomplished until now. It has a good

condition and its design is complied to play as a hall. The structural frameworks and fabrics are

adequate and the building has no problem in structural.

From the observation, the services are not adequate because the building is lack of

lamps and sockets. Furthermore, there are a lot of lamps and sockets that cannot be used

anymore. (Refer Appendix H: Figure 7.0 and Figure 8.0). These show that the building does not

have a proper maintenance. There are also a few services that need to be renewed because

the building still used old services system such as electrical services, drainage system, gutters

and rainwater down pipes.

The designer had built a building named Aula Barat at the same time and functioning as

a hall as well. Aula Barat is similar to this building but there is a lot of additional that have been

done to Aula Timur such as partition wall for rooms, condition of Aula Timur is considered as

quite good compared to Aula Barat. This is because Aula Barat has many defects than Aula

Timur. Most of the elements in this building are poor compared to this modernization era. For

example, Aula Timur needs to have a sound proof wall. This is due to its function as a hall,

where there are a lot of official ceremonies held there. Besides that, this building does not have

ramp and toilet for disable people. There is also no fire fighting system available for this building

and this make the safety of the occupants is questionable .Rather than that, the maintenance of

this building is very poor and it is seriously need to be improved as there are too many defected

elements and services.

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Figure 1.0: pie chart of defects categories

Source: field study

Figure 2.0: pie chart of defects types

Source: field study

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8.2 Areas of Concern

In this building, the most serious type of defects detected is wet rot. As the Aula Timur

use timber as its main construction material, lack of maintenance to this building cause it to

have very serious defects especially on timber elements. Wet rot can be found in many places,

located at the timber under the gutter whish is being used as an outer decorative landscape.

Due to its location which is located just under the broken gutter and totally exposed to driving

rain, wet rot growth in this area is very serious causing the timber structure totally lost its

strength.

Figure 3.0: pie chart of defects elements

Source: field study

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Figure 4.0: pie chart of remedial for defects

Source: field study

8.3 Summary of repairs

After observing the building, the most serious faults discovered are on outside timber for

decorative landscape and column which need immediate replacement or maintenance. The best

recovering work for the timber as the current condition is very serious is to replace the timber

with insulated with anti-fungus chemical region. Remedial work for column need to carry out

by structural engineer as the reason of cracking is not clear. Gutter and rainwater down pipe

used for this building also need to be replaced as there are too many leakages occur due to

very serious corrosion. Drainage system also needs to have immediate maintenance as the

system is not properly connected due to crack problem.

Other than that, some elements need to be added to this building such as sound proof

wall and also ramp and toilet for disable people. Observation also discovers that this building

should comply with current regulation for fire safety such as providing fire escape and

equipments. Then, the management should carry out planned maintenance done by

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professionals who has the expertise in traditional building. With this, it shows the importance of

having a proper maintenance work for a building, so that all the building components can be in

good condition and the life of expectancy increases.

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(NADHIRAH MOHD MUHIYUDDIN)

13th June 2008

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REFERENCES

References that have been used in order to complete the report are listed below:

1. http://www.itb.com.id/map

2. http://www.tropicalbuildings.com/products/shingle-roofing/

3. http://books.google.com.my/books?id=05dHTnMM6y4C&pg=PA277&lpg=PA277&dq=tra

ditional+roof%2Bmaclaine+pont&source=web&ots=tSwBUK_FiV&sig=IGaaMl0xPwrHgb

TFRNFjFUVA6Zw&hl=en#PPA278,M1

4. Defects in Building: Symptoms, Investigations, Diagnosis and Cure, London: The

Stationary Office Ltd.

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http://www.tropicalbuildings.com/products/shingle-roofing/http://books.google.com.my/books?id=05dHTnMM6y4C&pg=PA277&lpg=PA277&dq=traditional+roof%2Bmaclaine+pont&source=web&ots=tSwBUK_FiV&sig=IGaaMl0xPwrHgbTFRNFjFUVA6Zw&hl=en#PPA278,M1http://books.google.com.my/books?id=05dHTnMM6y4C&pg=PA277&lpg=PA277&dq=traditional+roof%2Bmaclaine+pont&source=web&ots=tSwBUK_FiV&sig=IGaaMl0xPwrHgbTFRNFjFUVA6Zw&hl=en#PPA278,M1http://books.google.com.my/books?id=05dHTnMM6y4C&pg=PA277&lpg=PA277&dq=traditional+roof%2Bmaclaine+pont&source=web&ots=tSwBUK_FiV&sig=IGaaMl0xPwrHgbTFRNFjFUVA6Zw&hl=en#PPA278,M1http://www.tropicalbuildings.com/products/shingle-roofing/http://books.google.com.my/books?id=05dHTnMM6y4C&pg=PA277&lpg=PA277&dq=traditional+roof%2Bmaclaine+pont&source=web&ots=tSwBUK_FiV&sig=IGaaMl0xPwrHgbTFRNFjFUVA6Zw&hl=en#PPA278,M1http://books.google.com.my/books?id=05dHTnMM6y4C&pg=PA277&lpg=PA277&dq=traditional+roof%2Bmaclaine+pont&source=web&ots=tSwBUK_FiV&sig=IGaaMl0xPwrHgbTFRNFjFUVA6Zw&hl=en#PPA278,M1http://books.google.com.my/books?id=05dHTnMM6y4C&pg=PA277&lpg=PA277&dq=traditional+roof%2Bmaclaine+pont&source=web&ots=tSwBUK_FiV&sig=IGaaMl0xPwrHgbTFRNFjFUVA6Zw&hl=en#PPA278,M1


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APPENDICES

A LOCATION PLAN

B SITE PLAN

C FLOOR PLAN

D ELEVATION PLAN

E CEILING PLAN

F ROOF PLAN

G PICTURE OF AULA TIMUR

H PICTURES (OTHERS)

I MEASUREMENT TOOLS AND EQUIPMENTS

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Figure 5.0: plant growth at gutter

Source: field study

Figure 6.0: inaccessible room

Source: field study

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Figure 7.0: socket at floor Figure 8.0: no floor covering

Source: field study Source: field study

Figure 9.0: crack at drain Figure 10.0: crack at drain


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Figure 11.0: window that surrounds the building

Source: field study

Figure 12.0: ventilation at wall Figure 13.0: ventilation at below roof level


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MEASUREMENT TOOLS AND EQUIPMENTS

Moisture Meter

Moisture meters are used to measure the percentage of water in a given substance. This

information can be used to determine if the material is ready for use, unexpectedly wet or dry, or

otherwise in need of further inspection. Moisture meter used for measurement and analysis of

Aula Timur has two type of reading which are concrete and timber. This tool is used by just put

the metal point of the moisture meter to the element and reading can be taken automatically.

This tool is very useful to determine causes of defect whether it is caused by excessive moisture

or not.

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Dimension Master

The Laser Dimension Master uses a (Polaroid) narrow ultrasonic beam to measure fast

and efficiently, and with its built-In laser pointer, lets you see exactly where you're measuring.

Fast & precise, with measuring from 2 feet (0.6 m) up to 50 feet (15.2 m) indoors with 99%

accuracy with an easy to read display and simple read-out in feet and inches, or metres and

millimetres. Simple to use, just aim and press a button and when the unit beeps, you've got a

measurement. In this measurement and analysis for Aula Timur, ceiling height which is

unreachable, can be easily and accurately taken by using this tool. However, this tool cannot be

used if the ceiling level is not 90 degrees in angle.

Distance Meter

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The innovative hand-held laser meter is used for fast and easy distance measurements

of length, squares and volumes. An electronic distance meter is an instrument that both sends

and receives an electromagnetic signal. Depending on the distance between the EDM and

reflector, the wavelength of the returned signal will be out of phase with the transmitted signal.

The instrument compares the phase of the transmitted and received signals and measures the

phase difference electronically. This tool also added with trigonometric function and automatic

calculation which is very useful to calculate height which is unreachable. In the measurement

and analysis study of Aula Timur, this tool is used to get fast and easy distance measurement

and widely used for floor plan and elevation measurement. The weaknesses of this tool are it is

more prone to error compared to measuring tape and also the laser point cant be seen in very

sunny day.

Spirit Level

A spirit level or bubble level is an instrument designed to indicate whether a surface is

level or plumb. Different types of spirit levels are used by carpenters, stone masons, bricklayers,

other building trades workers, surveyors, millwrights and other metalworkers, and serious

videographers. Spirit level used for surveyor look just like the picture above. Spirit level was

used in measurement of Aula Timur to determine whether the floor and wall is level. This is very

important in setting a datum line to avoid error in measurement.

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Tripod

Tripod is used along with the theodolite where tripod is used to level the theodolite to

ensure there are no error occurs in measurement. Tripod features usually are it has adjustable

height, milled platform rotated through 360 and rubber pads to provide stability on hard and

slippery surface.

Staff

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Staff also is used along the theodolite to determine height from 90 level of theodolite to

the datum line of the building Staff usually comes with special features of E graduation coloured

red and black to provide long distance reading while centimetre division is not visible. Every E

symbol is 5cm in height and overall height of staff usually is 1.19m to 4.00m.Staff also provided

with bubble vial to avoid plumb positioning. Measurement for Aula Timur use staff provided by

ITB, unfortunately some of the important features of the staff are missing such as E graduation

and bubble vial as the staff is made up by ITB itself. All elevation measurement of Aula Timur

use staff to determine height from datum line to 90 level of theodolite.

Theodolite

Theodolite is equipment used by surveyor to determine angle of targeted point, usually

done to determine vertical height. Theodolite featuring high magnifying telescope, digital reading

for horizontal and vertical degree, bubble vial and built in optical plummet. Measurement for

elevation of Aula Timur was really depended on this equipment which is the only equipment that

can determine the height of the building.

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Magnetic Compass

A compass is an instrument containing a freely suspended magnetic element which

displays the direction of the horizontal component of the Earth's magnetic field at the point of

observation. Compass is used at Aula Timur to determine the North field of Earth.

Magnifying Glass

A magnifying glass is a convex lens which is used to produce a magnified image of an

object. A magnifying glass works by creating a magnified virtual image of an object behind the

lens. The distance between the lens and the object must be shorter than the focal length of the

lens for this to occur. Otherwise, the image appears smaller and inverted, and can be used to

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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lens_(optics)#Types_of_lenseshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnificationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virtual_imagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Focal_lengthhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lens_(optics)#Types_of_lenseshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnificationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virtual_imagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Focal_length


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project images onto surfaces. This tool is used widely in analyzing defects such as crack, wet

rot and so on to determine the category of the defects.

Binoculars

Binoculars, (also known as field glasses) are two identical ormirror-symmetrical

telescopes mounted side-by-side and aligned to point accurately in the same direction, allowing

the viewer to use both eyes (binocular vision) when viewing distant objects. Most are sized to be

held using both hands, although there are much larger types.As Aula Timur has so many

unreachable places such as at roof and upper window, binocular is very useful to determine its

type of material and condition.

Measuring Tape

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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mirrorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symmetryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optical_telescopehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binocular_visionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Tape_measure.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mirrorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symmetryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optical_telescopehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binocular_vision


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A tape measure or measuring tape is a flexible form ofruler. It consists of a ribbon of

cloth, plastic, or metal with linear-measure markings, often in both imperial and metric units.

Surveyors use tape measures in lengths on the order ofhectometres. It is a convenient,

common measuring tool. Its flexibility allows for a measure of great length to be easily carried in

pocket or toolkit and permits one to measure around curves or corners. Aula Timur

measurement and analysis use measuring tape to determine length which cannot be

determined by distance meter such as column skirting size.

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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rulerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imperial_unithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SIhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surveyor_(surveying)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hectometrehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rulerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imperial_unithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SIhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surveyor_(surveying)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hectometre

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