-Ç-C-¢√-®Ωç 4 --Çí∫Ææ’d 2013 Ñ-Ø√-úø’ £j«-ü¿®√-¶«-ü˛ 2

Satish: There is a nice restaurant near the tem-ple. The meals and snacks are really deli-cious. (Ç í∫’úÕ-ü¿-í∫_®Ω äéπ ´’ç* £æ«Ùô™¸ ÖçC.Åéπ\úø ¶μï†ç, °∂æ©-£æ…-®√©’ Eïçí¬ ®Ω’*í¬Öçö«®·).

Pramod: It is funny to hear you talk of a restau-rant. Since when have you started eatingout? (†’´¤y °∂æ©-£æ…-®Ω-¨»-©†’ í∫’Jç* ´÷ö«x-úøôçûª´÷-≥ƒí¬ ÖçC. •ßª’ô A†úøç á°æpöÀ †’ç*v§ƒ®Ωç-Gμç-î√-¢ËçöÀ?)

Satish: Funny or not, I find the food good there.Oh, It's (it has) started raining. Let's findsome cover. (ûª´÷-≥ƒØÓ é¬üÓ é¬F, Åéπ\úøǣ慮Ωç ´÷vûªç ¶«í∫’ç-ô’çC. ã, ´®Ω{ç ¢Á·ü¿-™„jçC.áéπ\-úÁjØ√ ûªúø-´-èπ◊çú≈ ÖçúÌ-îËa¢Á÷ îª÷üΔlç.)

Pramod: There is a tea stall next to the tree.Let's stand there for some time.(îª÷úø÷, ÇîÁô’d-°æ-éπ\† tea stall ÖçC. Åéπ\-úÕ-ÈéRx E©-•-úøüΔç).

Satish: There are already a number of peoplethere. I'm (I am) afraid it is difficult to findroom there. (É°æp-öÀÍé î√™«- ’çC ï†ç ÖØ√o-®Ω-éπ\úø. Åéπ\úø ´’†èπ◊ îÓô’ üÌ®Ω’-èπ◊-ûª’çüΔ ÅEÆæçüË£æ«ç).

Pramod: The rain is getting heavy. Let's hurry.There is no time to waste. (´®Ω{ç áèπ◊\-´-´¤-ûÓçC. °æü¿-°æü¿, ´%üμΔ-îË-ÊÆçûª Ææ´’-ߪ’ç-™‰ü¿’).

Now look at the following expressions:

1) There is a nice restaurant near the temple.2) It is funny to hear you talk about a restaurant.3) It has started raining.4) There is a tea stall next to the tree there.5) There are already a number of people there.6) It is difficult to find room there.7) There is no time to waste.

°j sentences ÅFo, 'There'ûÓ é¬F, 'It 'ûÓ é¬Fv§ƒ®Ωç¶μºç Å´úøç í∫´’-Eç-î√®Ω’ éπüΔ? ÉüË There, itèπ◊ Ö†o í∫´’t-ûªh-®·† Ö°æ-ßÁ÷í∫ç English™.

'There' ´÷´‚©’ Å®Ωnç – Åéπ\úø.'It' ´÷´‚©’ Å®Ωl¥ç – ÅC/ ÉC.Å®·ûË Â°j sentences ÅEoçöÀ™ There/ it †’

¢√öÀ ´÷´‚©’ Å®√l¥-©ûÓ é¬èπ◊çú≈, sentence v§ƒ®Ωç-Gμç-îËç-ü¿’èπ◊ ´÷vûª¢Ë’ ¢√úøû√ç. ÉC ûÁ©’-Ææ’-éÓ- úøçî√™« ´·êuç.îª÷úøçúÕ... 'È®çúø’ °æ¤Ææh-鬩’ Ç table O’ü¿ ÖØ√o®·—

ÅØËç-ü¿’èπ◊, English™ ÅØ√-Lq† B®Ω’: Two booksare on the table. Å®·ûË, grammaticalí¬ Éçü¿’™üÓ≠æç ™‰†-°æp-öÀéÃ, English™ î√™« Å®Ω’-ü¿’í¬ Nçö«ç.Åçü¿’èπ◊ •ü¿’©’, É™« Åçö«ç ´÷´‚-©’í¬.

There are two books on the table. í∫´’-EçîËÖçö«®Ω’. Ñ sentence ™ 'There' èπ◊ Öç-úË´÷´‚©’ Å®Ωnç Ééπ\úø ®√ü¿’. Éçé¬ É™« èπÿú≈Åçö«®Ω’.

There are thirty students there. *´J 'there' èπ◊´÷vûª¢Ë’ Å®Ωnç ÖçC. ¢Á·ü¿öÀ 'there'†’ ¢√éπuç v§ƒ®Ωç-Gμç-îËç-ü¿’èπ◊ ´÷vûª¢Ë’ ¢√úøû√ç. This is an importantaspect of English usage.

£j«ü¿-®√-¶«-ü˛™ 30 EngineeringColleges ÖØ√o®·. Thirty EngineeringColleges are in Hyderabad - Veryrare.

The usual and correct form: Thereare Thirty Engineering colleges inHyderabad. (thereèπ◊ ´÷´‚©’ Å®Ωnç'Åéπ\úø— ÅE ¢√ú≈- ’-†’-èπ◊çõ‰, Ñ sen-tence èπ◊ Å®Ωnç:'Åéπ\úø £j«ü¿-®√¶«ü˛™ 30 éπ∞«-¨»-©-

©’-Ø√o®·— ÅØË N°æ-K-û√®Ωnç ´Ææ’hçC.Åçõ‰ Ééπ\úø 'there'†’ sentencev§ƒ®Ωç-Gμç-îËç-ü¿’Íé ¢√úø’-ûª’-Ø√o-´’-†o-´÷ô.

'There'†’ É™« ¢√úÕûË, Å°æ¤púø’ üΔEo 'Introductory

there' Åçö«ç. Åçõ‰ à Å®Ωnç ™‰èπ◊çú≈, ¢√é¬uEov§ƒ®Ωç-Gμç-îËç-ü¿’èπ◊ ´÷vûª¢Ë’ üΔEo ¢√úøû√ç.Look at the following too:a) Prasad: Are there good schools in the town?(Ééπ\úø ´’ç* schools ÖØ√oߪ÷?)Subba Rao: Plenty (î√™«ØË ÖØ√o®·).

Question™ èπÿú≈ 'there' ¢√úøéπç í∫´’-Eç-îªçúÕ. ÉC sentence †’ ÅØËç-ü¿’èπ◊´÷vûª¢Ë’ ¢√úøû√ç.

Éçé¬ interesting - ÉC îª÷úøçúÕ.b) Suman: Are there any good the-atres here? (Ééπ\úø ´’ç* theatresÖØ√oߪ÷?)Lasya: Very few (î√™« ûªèπ◊\´).

'There', 'here' (Åéπ\úø, Ééπ\úø) äÍé-îÓô ®√´úøç í∫´’-Eç-îªçúÕ. ÉC-èπÿú≈Correct: There aren't any goodtheatres here. (Ééπ\úø ´’ç* the-atres àç ™‰´¤).°j sentence ™ 'there', 'here' äÍé

sentence ™ ®√´úøç í∫´’-Eç-î√®Ω’ éπüΔ?

746

M. SURESAN

'There' ´÷´‚©’ Å®Ωnç – Åéπ\úø.'It' ´÷´‚©’ Å®Ωnç – ÅC / ÉC.

Å®·ûË There / it †’ ¢√öÀ ´÷´‚©’ Å®√l¥-©ûÓ é¬èπ◊çú≈, sentence

v§ƒ®Ωç-Gμç-îËç-ü¿’èπ◊ ´÷vûª¢Ë’ éÌ-Eo Ææç-ü¿®√s¥-™x ¢√úøû√ç. ÉC ûÁ©’-Ææ’-éÓ-´úøç-ûÓ-§ƒ-ô’ -*-´®Ω-™ -É-*a-† -Å-¶μ«u≤ƒ-Eo ≤ƒ-üμ¿†

-îË-ߪ’-úøç -üΔy®√ -à -¢Ë’®Ωèπ◊ -Å®Ωnç -îËÆæ’èπ◊-Ø√o®Ó °æ-KéÀ~ç-éÓç-úÕ.

Spoken English - §ƒ-ûª - ¢√u≤ƒ-© éÓÆæç -éÀxé˙ -îË-ߪ’ç-úÕ... www.eenadupratibha.net pratibhadesk@eenadu.netMail your comments and suggestions to

- E. Anil, T.N.Palem, Prakasam Dist.Q: Amarpreet Singh being treated in a hospital -

Ééπ\úø being à Tense ™ ÖçC? É™«çöÀ Ææçü¿-®√s¥™x being áçü¿’èπ◊ ¢√ú≈®Ω’? being ÅØËCPassive voice™ Ö°æ-ßÁ÷-T-≤ƒh®Ω’. ÉC Passivevoice é¬ü¿’ éπüΔ? áçü¿’-éπçõ‰ is / are + beingÖçú≈L éπüΔ? Íé´©ç being †’ Ö°æ-ßÁ÷-TÆæ÷hexamples ÉÆæ÷h, being áéπ\úø¢√ú≈™ ûÁ©’-°æ-í∫-©®Ω’.

A: 'Being'èπ◊ tense Öçúøü¿’, áçü¿’-éπçõ‰ ÅC finiteverb é¬ü¿’.

Being hungry, he is prepared to eat anything.(Çéπ-Lí¬ Öçúø-ôçûÓ, àC AØËç-ü¿’èπ◊ Å®·Ø√ Æœü¿l¥çí¬ÖØ√oúø’.)

Being = Öçúøôç – DEéÀ Tense ™‰ü¿’ éπüΔ. °jSentence ™ Å®·ûË üΔEo present tense™ÅØ√oúø’.

Being hungry he was ready to eat. (Çéπ-Lí¬Ö†oç-ü¿’- ©x Åûª†’ AØËç-ü¿’èπ◊ Æœü¿l¥çí¬ ÖØ√oúø’ –í∫ûªç™)

Å™«Íí Öûªh '....ing' forms (going, coming, walk-ing etc.) èπ◊ tense Öçúøü¿’.

Be + 'ing' form (am going, is coming, wasworking - verbs) èπ◊ tense Öçô’çC, '....ing' form´·çü¿’çúË 'be' form (am/ is/ are, etc) †’ •öÀd.

Am going - Present tenseWas going - Past tenseWill be going - Future tenseÍé´©ç beingûÓ ´îËa group of words, phrase

´÷vûª¢Ë’ (a group of words without a verb) Å´¤-û√®·.

Being rich, (üμ¿E-èπ◊-úÕí¬ Öçúøôç/ Ö†oç-ü¿’-´©x)Being tall, (§Òúø’í¬_ Öçúøôç/ Ö†oç-ü¿’-´©x)Being ¢√úË Ææçü¿-®√s¥©’ éÌEo:Being tall, he can play well. (§Òúø’í¬_ Ö†oç-ü¿’-´©x, ¶«í¬ Çúø-í∫-©úø’.)Being tall is an advantage = §Òúø’í¬_ Öçúøô癫¶μºç.Being an Indian is a great fortune = ¶μ«®Ω-B-ߪ·-úÕí¬ Öçúøôç íÌ°æp Åü¿%≠ædç.

- Rasi Chourasiya, Bhongir.Q: Say the meaning and whether they are

grammatically correct or not.1. I am getting the answers recited.2. I get/ have the answers recited.3. She does get her room cleaned.4. She did get/ have her room cleaned.5. She does get/ have her say/ way in

the matter.6. I am getting / having my hair cut

done.A: Sentences 1 to 6 - Correct. All of them

have the meaning - àüÁjØ√ °æE îË®·ç-îªúøçÅE ´Ææ’hçC.

Eg: I am getting the answers recited = Å°æp-îÁ-°œpç--èπ◊ç-ô’Ø√o.

Å™«Íí N’í∫û√ ¢√öÀéÀ èπÿú≈. Get/ have to dosomething = àüÁjØ√ îË®·ç-îªúøç.Q: I do getting my bicyle repaired.A: I do getting - Wrong

I do get - Correct.Q: I am getting my bicyle repaired.A: OK.Q: Would she got her room cleaned if she

reached there yesterday itself.A: Would she have got her room cleaned if

she had reached there yesterday? -Correct.

Q: She took no notice/ she did take nonotice.

A: She took no notice/ she did not take anynotice - Correct.

Q: She does back her husband up.

A: Correct - Ç¢Á’ ûª† ¶μº®Ωh†’ éπ*aûªçí¬Ææ´’-Jl¥-Ææ’hçC.

Q: I do at it.

A: Wrong. I do it - Correct = ؈’ îË≤ƒh†’.Q: She did give me understand that she

was not interested in music.

A: She did give me to understand .... =

ûª†èπ◊ ÆæçU-ûªç™ ÇÆæ-éÀh-™‰-ü¿E Ø√éπ®Ωl¥ç ÅßË’u™«îËÆœçC.

Q: She does go ahead with her plans.

A: Correct - ûª† °æü∑¿-é¬-©ûÓ ûª°æp-èπ◊çú≈ ´·çü¿’-Èé-∞hçC.goes, ¢Á∞¡xúøç; does go = ûª°æpéπ ¢Á∞¡xúøç.

Not ™‰èπ◊çú≈, did go, does go ¢√úøôç, Ç °æ†’-©†’ ØÌéÀ\ îÁ°æpúøç.

She helps me = ≤ƒßª’ç îËÆæ’hçC.

She does help me = ≤ƒßª’ç îËÆæ’hçüË.(áçü¿’èπ◊ îËߪ’ü¿’? ÅØË üμÓ®Ω-ùÀ™).

He does smoke = ¢√úø’ Æœí∫-È®ö¸ û√í∫-éπ-§Ú-´úøç àN’öÀ? – éπ*aûªçí¬ û√í∫’-û√-úøØË Å®ΩnçûÓ.

- Sneha Kolhapuri, KothagudemQ: Dinner / Supper - Explain in Telugu.A: Dinner - the main meal of the day eaten in the

evening- ®ÓV™ ¶μçîËÊÆ ´·êu-¢Á’i† ¶μï†ç, ÅA-°ü¿l¶μï†ç– ¶μ«®Ω-B-ߪ·©èπ◊ ÉC ®√vA ¶μï†ç 鬴a,áçü¿’-éπçõ‰ ÖüÓu-í¬©÷, ¢√u§ƒ-®√©’ îËÆæ’-èπ◊-ØË-¢√∞¡Ÿx´’üμΔu£æ«o ¶μï†ç ÅEo °æüΔ-®√l¥-©ûÓ ¶μº’>çîË Ææ ’ßª’çÖçúøü¿’ 鬕öÀd.

Western countries™ ÉC ≤ƒßª’çvûªç ¶μï†ç. ¢√∞¡ŸxBÆæ’-èπ◊ØË ´·êu-¢Á’i† ¶μï†ç.

Supper, §ƒ¨»a-ûª’u-©èπ◊ regular mealé¬ü¿’; Åçõ‰ ®ÓWBÆæ’-èπ◊-ØËC é¬éπ-§Ú-´îª’a. ≤ƒßª’ç-vûª¢Ë’ Dinner BÆæ’-èπ◊ç-ö«®Ω’鬕öÀd, ®√vA áèπ◊\-´-ÊÆ°æ¤ ¢Ë’™Ô\E Öçõ‰, Çéπ-™‰ÊÆh,Å°æ¤púËüÁjØ√ Ææy©pçí¬ BÆæ’-èπ◊çõ‰, ÅC supper. SupperÆæy©pçí¬ BÆæ’-èπ◊ØË Ç£æ…-®Ω¢Ë’. ´’†-ÈéjûË ®√vA ¶μï-†¢Ë’ din-ner 鬕öÀd, Ééπ supper Öçúøü¿’.Q: Can we say or write the word "about" after the

word 'explain'?A: Explain, describe, discuss, remark, state ûª®√yûª

'about' ¢√úøç.Q: Commercial hero / movie - means what?A: Commercial hero/ movie - There are no such

expressions in English. É™«çöÀ ´÷ô-©èπ◊ Å®Ωl¥ç™‰ü¿’. ¢√u§ƒ®Ω (commercial) üμÓ®Ω-ùÀûÓ ™«¶μ«™‰´·êuçí¬ (éπ∞«-ûªt-éπç-í¬-™‰E) BÆœ† *vû√Eo ´’†ç´÷´‚-©’í¬ commercial movie Åçô’çö«ç. Å™«ÍíÅ™«çöÀ *vû√-™xE hero†’ commercial hero Åçö«ç´’†ç. é¬F Ñ expressions standard Englishé¬ü¿’.

Q: Let me know the difference between Materialnoun and Uncountable nouns with examples aswell as Reflexive Pronoun and EmphaticPronoun with examples.

A: See Lesson No.745.

It has started raining..

Note: 1) Restaurant = °∂æ©-£æ…®Ωç,¶ï†ç üÌJÍé îÓô’.Restaurant èπ◊ Hotel èπÿ ûËú≈

ÖçC.Hotel Åçõ‰, Lodge (•Ææ îËÊÆÆæü¿’-§ƒ-ߪ’ç)ûÓ ÖçúË ¶μï† °∂æ©-£æ…-®Ω-¨»©.Restaurant: ¶μï† °∂æ©-£æ…®Ω¨»©´÷vûª¢Ë’, lodge ™‰èπ◊çú≈.

Ñ ´’üμ¿u restaurant†’ 'eatery'ÅE èπÿú≈ Åçô’-Ø√o®Ω’.2. Delicious = tasting very good

= ®Ω’*-éπ-®Ω-¢Á’i†.3. Funny = ûª´÷-≥ƒí¬ Ö†o; fun =

ûª´÷≥ƒ.4. Cover = áçúø, ¢√† †’ç* ûª©-üΔ-

-èπ◊ØË îÓô’; v°æ´÷ü¿ç †’ç* èπÿú≈.

Ñ éÀçC sentences™ 'there' ¢√úøçúÕ.1. Ççvüμ¿-v°æ-üË-¨¸™ 23 >™«x-©’-Ø√o®·.2. áçü¿’-éπç-ûª-´’çC §ÚM-Ææ’-©’-Ø√o-J-éπ\úø?3. Ééπ\úø É®Ω¢Áj -´’ç-C NüΔu-®Ω’n-©’-Ø√o®Ω’.4. Ç v°æ¨¡o-°æ-vûªç™ 15 v°æ¨¡o-©’-Ø√o®·.5. Ç ví∫çü∑Δ-©-ߪ’ç™ ÇÆæ-éÀh-éπ-®Ω-¢Á’i† °æ¤Ææh-é¬-©’-Ø√oߪ÷?v°æA sentence ™ 'there' ´îËa™« v°æߪ’-Aoç-îªçúÕ.

ï¢√-•’©’ ´îËa-¢√®Ωç.

Exercise

-Éç-Tx-≠ˇ-™ commercial hero -Öç-ö«-ú≈?

-Ç-C-¢√-®Ωç 11 --Çí∫Ææ’d 2013 Ñ-Ø√-úø’ £j«-ü¿®√-¶«-ü˛ 2

Ramakrishna: It is generally believed that he is respon-sible for all the trouble in the company. (éπç°-F™ ÑÆæ ’-Ææu-©-Eo-öÀéà Åûª†’ 鬮Ω-ù- ’E î√™«- ’çC îËûª †´’t-•-úø’-ûÓçC – -- ÷-- ‚-©’ ûÁ©’í∫’.. Åçü¿®Ω÷ †´·t-ûª’-Ø√o®Ω’)

Gopal: It is hoped that he will soon leave the compa-ny and all will be well. (Åçü¿®Ω÷ ÇP-Ææ’h-Ø√o®Ω’, Åûª†’éπç°F ´CL ¢ÁRx-§Ú-ûª’-Ø√o-úøE, ÅFo Ç ûª®√yûª Ææ´uçí¬Öçö«-ߪ’E).

Ramakrishna: It is supposed that once he leaves thecompany, Virat will take control. (Åûª†’ ¢ÁRx-§Ú-®·†ûª®√yûª N®√ö¸ éπç°F °æí¬_©’ îË°æ-úø-û√-®ΩE ņ’-èπ◊ç-ô’-Ø√o®Ω’).

Gopal: The company will be back on rails. (éπç°F´÷´‚©’ °æJ-ÆœnAéÀ ´Ææ’hçC).

Look at the following expressions:

1) It is generally believed that he is responsible for allthe trouble.

2) It is hoped that he will soon leave the company.3) It is supposed that once he leaves, Virat will take

control.you see that the sentences above begin with ‘it’ - the

introductory ‘it’. The verbs are all in the passive voice.(‘be’ + Past Participle).★ It is believed (is + Past Participle of

‘believe’); It is hoped (is + pp) and It issupposed (is + pp) - Åçõ‰ É´Fo Passivevoice™ ÖØ√o-ߪ’-†o-´÷ô.It is believed = †´·tûª’-Ø√o®Ω’ (Ééπ\úø ‘it’èπ◊

Å®Ωnç Öçúøü¿’, ûÁ©’-Ææ’-éπüΔ ÅC Introductory it).É°æ¤púø’ ‘it’ is believed that he knows a lot -

DE Å®Ωnç ‘Åûª-EéÀ î√-™« ûÁ©’Ææ’ ÅE †´’t-•-úø’-ûÓçC— Åçõ‰, ´÷´‚©’ ûÁ©’-í∫’™, î√-™«´’çC †´·t-ûª’-Ø√o®Ω’ Åûª-EéÀ î√-™« ûÁ©’-ÆæE. ★ Å™«Íí ‘it is hoped’ = ÇPç-îª-•-úø’-ûÓçC =

Åçü¿®Ω÷ ÇP-Ææ’h-Ø√o®Ω’.★ It is supposed : ņ’-éÓ-•-úø’-ûÓçC =

Åçü¿®Ω÷ ņ’-èπ◊ç-ô’-Ø√o®Ω’.É™«çöÀ expressions English™ Ææ®Ωy-≤ƒ-üμΔ-®Ωùç. ´·êuçí¬

á´®Ω’ ņ’-èπ◊ç-ô’-Ø√o®Ó, †´·t-ûª’-Ø√o®Ó îÁ°æpúøç ≤ƒüμ¿uç -é¬-†-°æ¤púø’, É™« ‘It + passive voice verb’s ûÓ v§ƒ®Ωç-Gμ≤ƒhç.It is said that he is the greatest cricketer = people say

that he is the greatest cricketer. (Is said - Passive - îÁ°æp-•-úø’h-Ø√oúø’ = Åçü¿®Ω÷ îÁ°æ¤h-Ø√o®Ω’/ Åçô’-Ø√o®Ω’).a) Sagar: It is expected that all staff should be at office

by 10. (Æœ•sçC Åçü¿®Ω÷ Ééπ\úø 10éÀ Öçú≈-©E ÇPç-îª-•-úø’-ûÓçC). (ÅCμ-é¬-®Ω’©’ ÇP-≤ƒh®Ω’ Æœ•sçC Ééπ\úø 10éÀÖçú≈©E).

b) Kumar: We have been told we can be an hour lateonce a week. (¢Ë’ç îÁ°æp-•ú≈fç = ´÷èπ◊ îÁ§ƒp®Ω’, ¢√®√-E-éÓ-≤ƒJ í∫çô Ç©Ææuç Å-´-îªaE).It was believed that she was the greatest dancer of

her time (Ç¢Á’ íÌ°æp †®ΩhéÀ ÅE †´’t-•-úËC = Åçü¿®Ω’ †¢Ë’t-¢√®Ω’/ ņ’èπ◊Ø√o®Ω’ Ç¢Á’ íÌ°æp †®ΩhéÀ) = people believedthat she was a great dancer.

Spoken English - §ƒ-ûª - ¢√u≤ƒ-© éÓÆæç -éÀxé˙ -îË-ߪ’ç-úÕ... www.eenadupratibha.net pratibhadesk@eenadu.netMail your comments and suggestions to

Exercise

- Sirisha Sneha, Komararam.

Q: You are supposed to do it/ youshould do it - Which sentencehas a power?

A: You are supposed to do it = Youshould do it.

Q: They will be going to get their/ tohave their houses white washed- Is this correct?

A: They will be going to get theirhouses cleaned = They will begoing to have their housescleaned. (But 'They are going to'is better than, 'They will begoing to...')

Q:. For fear of being trampled (I

found this sentence in 'GulliversTravels' - here my doubt isinstead being, 'having been'should have been written. Asthis sentence is used to say thecompleted action in the book -Then once you said that being isused for saying present actionsand having been is used for say-ing Past Actions. - please clarify.

A: For fear of being - 'for fear of' isa phrase, meaning, 'because oftheir fear'. The phrase is alwaysfollowed by either a noun or an'...ing' form, but not by 'havingbeen'.

- Ramji Singhal, Kothagudem.

Q: The meeting is round thecorner - Means what?

A: Going to take place soon.Round the corner = about tohappen.

Q: I was surprised with hisgoodness / by his goodness- Which one is correct?

A: I was surprised at his good-ness - Correct.

Q: What is the differencebetween Emphatic Pronounand Reflexive Pronoun -Explain with examples.

A: Refer to Lesson No.744.Q: If a student has to get a

favour done by his teacherthen how should he ask.e.g. Shall I go there, sir?

A: Shall / can/ May/ I go there,Sir?‘May’ is the most formal, andCan the least formal.

- Gemini Manvothi.

Q: You aren't supposed to make noise/ You shouldn't makenoise - OöÀ™ üËEéÀ áèπ◊\´ force Öçô’çC – N´-Jç-îª-í∫-©®Ω’.

A: You aren't supposed to make a noise = You shouldn't makea noise.

- S. Chintabhatla, Asifabad.Q: éÀçC Ççí∫x °æüΔ© Å®√n©’, ¢√öÀ Ö°æ-ßÁ÷í∫ç

ᙫíÓ ûÁ©’-°æ-í∫-©®Ω’.1. Outlist 2. Accountal 3. Prespending 4. Custmermind 5. Operandi 6. Contaguous 7. Handier 8. Scuffled.

A: Outlist, Accountal, Prespending,Contaguous - Ø√èπ◊ ûÁL-Æœ-†çûª´®Ωèπÿ Ñ ´÷ô©’ English ™™‰´¤. Å®·ûË, O’®Ω’ Outlast †’Outlist í¬, Accountable †’Accountal í¬, Contiguous /Contageous †’ Contaguous í¬§Ò®Ω•-ú≈f-Í®¢Á÷ ÅEp-≤ÚhçC. Å™«ÍíCustomermind †’Custmermind í¬ §Ò®Ω°æú≈f®Ω’.

★ Outlast = last longer than some otherthing = Éçéπ-üË-E-éπØ√o áèπ◊\-´-鬩ç Öçúøôç.

Ex: Great People’s Names outlast them =íÌ°æp-¢√-∞¡x-Ê°®Ω’x, ¢√∞¡Ÿx-§Ú®·† ûª®√yûª èπÿú≈ EL*Öçö«®·.

Ex: Sachin has outlasted most other playersthat began with him = ûª†ûÓ v§ƒ®Ωç-Gμç-*†¢√∞¡xç-ü¿®Ω÷ ¢ÁRx-§Ú-®·† ûª®√yûª èπÿú≈ Ææ*Ø˛Éçé¬ ÖØ√oúø’.

★ Accountable = being responsible =ï¢√•’üΔ-Kí¬ Öçúøôç.

Ex: You are accountable if anything goeswrong = àüÁjØ√ §Ò®Ω-§ƒô’ ïJ-TûË †’¢Ëy ï¢√-•’-üΔJ / FüË ¶«üμ¿uûª.

★ Contiguous = Touching of next to some-thing = dž’-èπ◊E Ö†o.

Ex: Tamilnadu and Orissa are contiguous toAndhra Pradesh = ûªN’-∞¡-Ø√úø’, äJ≤ƒq Ççvüμ¿-v°æ-ü˨¸†’ dž’-èπ◊E Öçö«®·.

★ Contageous = Spreading by touching =Ææp®Ωz (û√éπúøç) ´©x ¢√u°œçîË.

Ex: Contageous diseases = û√éπôç ´©x¢√u°œçîË ¢√uüμ¿’©’.

★ Customer mind - The correct form is cus-tomer’s mind = é̆’-íÓ-©’-üΔ-®Ω’úÕ/ éÌØË-¢√∞¡x Ç™-îªØ√ Ææ®ΩR.

Ex: A clever businessman knows customer’smind = ûÁL-¢Áj† ¢√u§ƒJéÀ éÌØË-¢√∞¡x Ç™-ûÁ©’-Ææ’hçC.

★ Operandi - ÉC latin phrase (°æü¿ Ææ´·-üΔߪ’ç) Modus Operandi ™ -¶μ«í∫ç – á -È®jØ√àüÁjØ√ °æE-îËÊÆ Nüμ¿ç.

Ex: The modus operandi of the murderer isto stab his victim = Ç £æ«çûª-èπ◊úÕ °æü¿l¥A ûª†¶«Cμ-ûª’úÕo §Òúø úøç. (Åûª†’ îªçÊ°-¢√-∞¡xç-ü¿Ko

éπAh-§Ú-ô’ûÓØË îªç°æ¤-û√-úøE).★ Handier - ÉC handy éÀ comparative

degree. Handy = Convenient = ≤˘éπ-®Ωuçí¬ÖçúË.

Ex: A cell phone is handy = ÂÆ™ -§∂Ú†’ î√-™«≤˘éπ-®Ωuçí¬ Öçô’çC. Handier = A laptop is handier than adesktop = Desk (Table) O’ü¿ °ô’d-èπ◊ØËcomputer éπØ√o, laptop (ä∞x °ô’d-èπ◊ØË)computer áèπ◊\´ ≤˘éπ-®Ωuçí¬ Öçô’çC.

★ Scuffled = Past tense of scuffle = °†’-í∫’-™«-úø’-éÓúøç/ ™«éÓ\úøç/ ûÓÆæ’-éÓ-´úøç.

Ex: They scuffled with one another for themoney = Åéπ\-úø’†o úø•’s éÓÆæç ¢√∞¡Ÿx °†’-í∫’-™«-úø’-èπ◊-Ø√o®Ω’.

- Daya Shetti.Q: áEo §ƒ®∏√™x áEo džq®˝q îªC-

¢√®Ω’ – DEo English™ ᙫîÁ§ƒpL?

A: How many answers haveyou learnt and in how manylessons?

Q: áEo meanings Ç lesson™ÖØ√oßÁ÷ Ø√èπ◊ îÁ§ƒh¢√?- Willyou tell me how many mean-ings are there/ there are -Say if any one of the transla-tions of above two is right.

A: Can you/ will you tell me howmany answers there are?

Q: We have books with us.A: We have books (with is not

necessary).Q: He will go and come/ and

will come - Which of theabove is right.

A: He will go and come back -correct.

Q: While writing a leave letter isit necessary to write ‘leaveletter’- as a heading?

A: Not necessary.

Q: Ç¢Á’ ¶Ôô’d °ô’d-éÌç-öçC– Sheis putting religious dot on herforehead - Say if the aboveright.

A: Correct (Religious - not nec-essary).

Q: Objection overruled - Say inTelugu.

A: Objection overruled - Ŷμºuç-ûª®Ωç / ÇÍé~-°æù ûÓÆœ-°æ¤-îªa-•-úÕç-C.

Q: Either of the two is/ are in thistown.

A: Either of the two is in thistown - Correct.

Q: Neither his friends or he go/goes there.

A: Neither his friends nor hegoes there - Correct.

Ñ éÀçC-¢√-öÀE, It + Passive voice ™ ®√ߪ’çúÕ.1. Ç¢Á’ íÌ°æp-í¬-ߪ’-Eí¬ Åçü¿®Ω÷ îÁ°æ¤p-éÌØË¢√∞¡Ÿx.2. ®√´·úÕo ÅEo 鬙«™xE ®√V™x ÅA-íÌ°æp ®√Ví¬ °æJ-í∫-

ùÀ-≤ƒh®Ω’. (°æJ-í∫-ùÀç-îªúøç = consider).3. Éçûª-´-®Ωèπÿ ņ’-èπ◊-Ø√o®Ω’ Ç¢Á’ ÅC éπE-°-öÀdç-ü¿E.4. ´‚úø’ ûª®√© ¢√∞¡Ÿx Åçö«®Ω’, Ææ*Ø˛ Åçûª íÌ°æp bats-

man ™‰úøE.5. ÅûªúË Ñ £æ«ûªu î˨»-úøE éπ†’-èπ◊\-Ø√o®Ω’.6. Åçü¿®Ω÷ †´÷t®Ω’ Columbus, India †’ éπE-°-ö«d-úøE,

é¬F Åûª†’ éπE-°-öÀdçC, É°æpöÀ West Indies (TheAmerican Continent).

747

M. SURESAN

(í∫-ûª-¢√®Ωç, -Ñ-¢√®Ωç exercises èπ◊ answers next lesson -™...)

- Mayuri Singhal, Yelgur Colony, Khammam

Q: Normal Procurement at MSP (Minimum Support Price) wouldbecome difficult as the cartels would ensure it. Hence theGovernment would be left two options. The second option wouldupset the Government's budget - Is the using of the underlinedword i.e. 'would' correct here?

A: 'Would' is used in this sentence to refer to a situation likely to hap-pen ('ï®Ω’-í∫’-ûª’çC— ÅE ņ’-èπ◊ØË N≠æ-ߪ÷Eo ûÁL-Ê°ç-ü¿’èπ◊, would É™«¢√úøû√ç.)¢√u§ƒ-®Ω’©’ ´·®∏√ (Cartel)í¬ îËJ, MSP ™ ÊÆéπ-®Ωù ï®Ω-í∫-èπ◊çú≈ ÖçúË™«

îË≤ƒh®Ω’ ÅØË °æJ-Æœn-A™ (ÉC ´’†ç ņ’-èπ◊ØË/ Ü£œ«çîË N≠æߪ’ç – future †’í∫’Jç*).In such cases 'would' is used.

Q: The book is belgnged to him.

A: The book is belonged to him - WRONG.

The book belongs to him - Correct (= He owns the book/ Thebook is his).

Q: Does the book belong to him - Is this sentence correct?

A: Does the book belong to him? (Correct as a question).

Q: Emphatic pronoun / Reflexive pronoun- Explain with some exam-ples.

A: Refer to Lesson No.745.

The meeting is round the corner

It is believedthat he knows a lot

-Ç-C-¢√®Ωç 18 --Çí∫Ææ’d 2013 Ñ-Ø√-úø’ £j«-ü¿®√-¶«-ü˛ 2

Basheer: How far are you going? (áçüΔéπ ¢Á∞¡Ÿh-Ø√o´¤?– How far ÅÆæ©®Ωnç – áçûª ü¿÷®Ωç?)

Chakri: Not very far. But why are you ask-ing? (Ééπ\-úÕÍé. àç? – Why are you asking?ÅÆæ©®Ωnç, áçü¿’-éπ-úø’-í∫’-ûª’-Ø√o´¤?)

Basheer: If it is somewhere a long way off, Ican give you a lift. I am going the sameway. (áéπ\-úÕ-ÈéjØ√ î√™«-ü¿÷®Ωç Å®·ûË, ؈’ Fèπ◊lift É≤ƒh†’. ØË-†’ Åô’-¢ÁjÊ° ¢Á∞¡Ÿh-Ø√o†’.)

Chakri: So good of you. It isn't far off. Justwalking distance. I prefer to walk. (Thanks.ÅüËç Åçûª-ü¿÷®Ωç é¬ü¿’. †úø-´-í∫-L-T-†çûª ü¿÷®Ω¢Ë’.)

Basheer: What happened to your bike? (Fbike à´’-®·uçC?)

Chakri: On my way back from a camp, itbroke down on the way. It is at the mechan-ic's. It's a major trouble. (Camp †’ç* AJT´Ææ’hç-úøí¬ ÅC ÇT-§Ú-®·çC. ÅC-°æ¤púø’ ¢Á’é¬-Eé˙ü¿í∫_®Ω ÖçC. ÅC éÌçîÁç °ü¿l JÊ°Í®).

Basheer: When was this? (ÅüÁ-°æ¤púø’?)Chakri: Not so long ago - the day before yes-

terday. (áçûÓ-鬩ç Å´-™‰ü¿’. ¢Á·†oØË.)Basheer: It's an old bike, time you changed it,

isn't it? (ÅC §ƒûª bike. á°æ¤púÓ ´÷®Ω’aç-ú≈-LqçCüΔEo.)

Chakri: It isn't as old as you seem to think.Still I think I had better change it. The dayisn't far off when you will see me on a newone (†’-´¤y ņ’èπ◊ç-ô’-†oçûª §ƒûªüËç é¬ü¿C.Å®·Ø√ ÅC ´÷®Ωa-úø¢Ë’ ´’ç*-ü¿-†’-èπ◊ç-ô’Ø√o.†’´¤y ††’o éÌûªh bike O’ü¿ îª÷ÊÆ ®ÓV áçûÓü¿÷®Ωç ™‰ü¿’.)

Basheer: The sooner you do it the better. You

can save on the repairs. (†’´yC áçûª ûªy®Ωí¬îËÊÆh Åçûª ´’ç*C. JÊ°®Ωx O’ü¿ °õ‰d úø•’s ÇüΔÅ´¤-ûª’çC.)

★ ★ ★

Look at the following expressions from theconversation above:1. Not very far2. If it somewhere a long way off....3. It isn't far off (It is not far off)4. Not so long ago5. The day isn't far off.

Spoken English ™ far (ü¿÷®Ω-¢Á’i† = dis-tant) †’ 'not' ûÓ ™‰üΔ (ü¿÷®Ωç é¬ü¿’ ÅØË Å®ΩnçûÓ)question ™ ´÷vûª¢Ë’ ¢√úøû√ç. (far éÀ compara-

tive- farther, superlative - farthest). Å™«Íí'distant' (ü¿÷®Ω-¢Á’i†) ņú≈-EéÀ -•-ü¿’-©’ áèπ◊\-´í¬ along way/ a long way off/ a long way away Ö°æ-ßÁ÷-T-≤ƒh®Ω’. a) Hemanth: How far is the railway station?

Have I to go a long way?Krishna: Not far off. It's just a kilometerfrom here, a little farther off from the PostOffice there. (ü¿÷®Ω¢Ë’ç é¬ü¿’. Ééπ\úÕ †’ç* äéπéÀ.O’. ü¿÷®Ωç. §Ú≤ƒd-°∂‘-Ææ’èπ◊ éÌClí¬ Å´-ûª©.)

b) Kolkata is a long way off from Hyderabad

(£j«ü¿-®√-¶«ü˛ †’ç* éÓ™¸-éπ-û√èπ◊ î√™« ü¿÷®Ωç.)c) Dinesh: Excuse me. Which bus should I

take to Ameerpet crossroads? (ÅO’-®˝-Ê°ô Ω-≤ƒhèπ◊ à •Æˇ áé¬\L?)

Ganesh: No need to take a bus. It isn't far off.You can walk the distance. Go straight forhalf a kilometer and you are there. (•Æˇ Å´-Ææ®Ωç ™‰ü¿’. Åü¿çûª ü¿÷®Ωç é¬ü¿’. O’®√ ü¿÷®Ωç †úø-´îª’a. A†oí¬ Å®Ω-éÀ-™-O’-ô®˝ †úø-´çúÕ, O’®Ω-éπ\úøÖçö«®Ω’.)

Important points: far/ far off/ far from - OöÀéÀÅ®Ωnç, ü¿÷®Ω-¢Á’i† ÅE. Å®·ûË OöÀE not ûÓ (ü¿÷®Ωçé¬ü¿’ ÅØË Å®ΩnçûÓ)/ questions ™ ´÷vûª¢Ë’ Ö°æ-ßÁ÷-T≤ƒhç. ü¿÷®Ωç ÅØËç-ü¿’èπ◊ áèπ◊\- í¬ 'a long way off'ÅE ¢√úøû√ç distant éÀ •ü¿’©’. Distant ¢√úøôçûª°æ¤p-é¬ü¿’.

We have seen earlier that 'much' (= a large amount of) andmany (a large number of) are used, only with not, in ques-

tions and in comparatives. Éçûªèπ◊ ´·çü¿’ ´’†ç îª÷¨»ç éπüΔ:much, many ©†’, áèπ◊\´ ™‰ü¿’ ÅE not ûÓ// questions ™//

Comparative degree ™ ´÷vûª¢Ë’ ¢√úø-û√-´’E, affirmative sen-tences ™ Ö°æ-ßÁ÷-Tç-îªç -ÅE. -É°æ¤p-úø’ '-ü¿÷®Ωç— í∫’-Jç-* -îª÷-üΔlç..

Uttam Goel, Warangal.1. In Oxford Grammar book it is written that

certain words are not used in the PresentContinuous Tense. And an exception is alsogiven i.e., some of or all of those words canbe used in Progressive tense. It is said thatsome words imply deliberate use of thesenses and can be used in progressive tense- Let me know what deliberate use is meantby. The words are as follow: gaze, listen,loot, observe, stare and watch. And let me know the meaning of ''deliberateaction''.

A: Deliberate use of the senses: Our fivesenses are - Sight, hearing, smell, taste andtouch (feeling).

The verbs related to the senses are: see,hear, smell, taste and touch.See = what appears to us when we keep our

eyes open. This is NOT a deliberate action,because things 'appear' to you if your eyesare open. With this meaning of 'see' (some-thing appearing to you = (éπ-E°œç-îª-úøç), wedon't use, am/ is/ are seeing.

When we turn over eyes towardssomething deliberately (ÖüËl¨¡°æ‹®Ωy-éπçí¬), it is, look at.So we can say:

am/ is/ are/ have been/ has beenlooking at ..... correct. But we cannotsay, am/ is/ are/ have been/ has beenseeing as they are progressive tenses.

However, see also means =meet = éπ©’-Ææ’-éÓ-´úøç = a deliber-ate action, with the meaning of'meet', therefore, we can say,am/ is/ are/ have been/ has been seeing.

Hear - What reaches our ears, without ourtrying. Our ears are always open and all kindsof sounds enter our ears, without our trying.So we cannot use 'hear' in the progressivetenses.

Compare 'hear' with 'listen'. 'Listen' is whatwe try to get into our ears - That is, it is adeliberate action.

So we can say: am/ is/ are/ have been/ hasbeen listening (progressive tenses).

Taste, smell and feel (touch) - Ifwe refer to the taste, smell and feelthat things have, we don't use themin the progressive tenses (am/ is/are/ have been/ has been + ... ingform).

But if we taste/ smell/ feel some-thing, we do it deliberately, sowe can use taste/ smell/ feel inthe progressive tenses.

Observe:

The mango tastes sweet (It has asweet taste) - So no progressiveform.

I am tasting a mango. (a deliberate action - Socontinuous progressive) tense is correct.

The same applies to smell, and feel.

The rose smells sweet.

She is smelling a rose (A deliberate action)

The flower feels soft (¢Á’ûªhí¬ Öçô’çC).

I am feeling the flower (ûªúÕN’ îª÷úøôç) -Deliberate action.

Usha Srirekha, Kothuru.1. Rekha is not supposed to take the money/

Rekha shouldn't take the money.A: Rekha is not supposed to ... = Rekha

shouldn't ...2. Çߪ’† ††’o °œL-°œ-≤ƒhúø’/ °œL-°œç-î√úø’ – Ñ

¢√é¬uEo English ™éÀ ņ’-´-Cç-îª-í∫-©®Ω’.A: Çߪ’† ††’o °œL-°œ-≤ƒhúø’ = He will send for

me.Çߪ’† ††’o °œL-°œç-î√úø’ = He has sent for me.

3. If anyone is found violating the rules thenthey will be punished by the court of law(ûÁ©’-í∫’-™éÀ ņ’-´-Cç-îª-í∫-©®Ω’). Ñ ûª®Ω£æ… sen-tences ¢√úÌî√a? N´-Jç-îª-í∫-©®Ω’.

A: á´-È®jØ√ Ñ E•ç-üμ¿-†-©†’ Ö©xç-°∂œ’ç-*-†ô’d ûÁLÊÆh¢√∞¡Ÿx Ø√uߪ’-≤ƒn-†ç™ Péπ~-èπ◊- í∫’-®Ω-´¤-û√®Ω’. É™«çöÀ sentences ¢√úÌa.

4. 'To have'- Explain.A: To have = éπLT Öçúøôç.

Ex: I wish to have a car = Ø√èπ◊ é¬®Ω’ Öçú≈-©EéÓ®Ω’-èπ◊ç-ô’-Ø√o†’.

5. Translate the following into English.i) Çߪ’† ûª† îËA-èπ◊†o ´’®Ω-éπ©’ Ø√ ¶«uí∫’éÀ ÅçöÀ-Ææ’h-

Ø√oúø’. A: He is staining my bag with the stains on his

hand (stains = ´’®Ω-éπ©’)ii) Çߪ’† §˘úø®˝ ®√Ææ’-èπ◊ç-ô’-Ø√o®Ω’ (-´·ë«-EéÀ).A: He is dabbing (§˘úø®Ω’ ™«çöÀN Åü¿’l-éÓ-´úøç/

ÅçöÀç-îªúøç) powder on his face.iii) Ç¢Á’ ¶Ôô’d °ô’d-èπ◊ç-ô’çC.A: She is applying a dot on her forehead.

He has sent for me

748

M. SURESAN

Spoken English - §ƒ-ûª - ¢√u≤ƒ-© éÓÆæç -éÀxé˙ -îË-ߪ’ç-úÕ... www.eenadupratibha.net

Saif Ali Khureshi, Warangal.1. It didn't last long with Ramu succeeding in

luring the other legislators to his sidethough Mr. Reddy led a four member anti- government faction of legislators -Translate into Telugu.

A: È®úÕf †©’-í∫’®Ω’ ¨»Ææ-†-Ææ-¶μº’u© ´·®∏√èπ◊ Ø√ߪ’-éπûªyç´£œ«ç-*-†-°æp-öÀéÃ, ®√´· Éûª®Ω ¨»Ææ-†-Ææ-¶μº’u-©†’ûª†¢Áj°æ¤-†èπ◊ ™«éÓ\-´-úøç™ éπ%ûª-éπ%ûª’uúø´-úøçûÓÈ®úÕf ´·®∏√ áèπ◊\-´-鬩ç E©-´-™‰ü¿’.

2. PTI stands for please turn in/ The abbrevi-ation of PTI is please turn in. - Which one of the above two sentences is

correct?A: PTI stands for = The abbreviation of PTI

- Both are correct.3. Is the word as used after the 'pronouncia-

tion'?A: Pronounced/ pronounced as - Both are

correct.

M. Suresh Madhavan, Hyderabad1. éÀç-C- -¢√é¬u-©-†’ -ûÁ-©’í∫’-™ --á-™« -îÁ-§ƒp-™ --ûÁ-©°æç-úÕ.a. I did it so that you should be above work.

b. Here is the boy who is looking at me as heate and drank.

A: a) Fèπ◊ °æE-°-ôd-èπ◊çú≈ ÖçúËç-ü¿’èπ◊, ؈C î˨»†’.

b) ûª†’ Açô÷, û√í∫’ûª÷ Ö†o-°æ¤púø’ ††’o îª÷Ææ’h†oèπ◊v®√-úÕ-ûªØË.

2. I am happy to be studying in this school/to study in this school - which is correct?

A: Both are correct.

How far is the railway station?

Not far off.It's just a kilometerfrom here

Answers to the Exercises Lesson No.746

1. There are twenty three districts in AndhraPradesh.

2. Why are there so many police personshere?

3. There are twenty students here.4. There are fifteen questions in the question

paper.5. Are there interesting books in the library?

Lesson No.7471. It used to be said/ It was said that she was

a great singer.2. It is considered that Sri Rama is the great-

est king of all time.3. It has so far been thought that she has

invented it.4. It is said that no other batsman of the past

three generations is as great as Sachin.5. It was found that he had committed the

murder.6. It was believed that Columbus had discov-

ered India, but what he discovered is theWest Indies.

It isn't far off

-Ç-C-¢√®Ωç 25 --Çí∫Ææ’d 2013 Ñ-Ø√-úø’ £j«-ü¿®√-¶«-ü˛ 2

★ Kumar sells books (èπ◊´÷®˝ °æ¤Ææh鬩’Å´·tû√úø’). Suppose you want to giveimportance to Kumar. Then you say'Kumar' with greater force than you saythe other words.

★ Kumar sells books (èπ◊´÷®˝ – ÉçÈé- ®Ó é¬ü¿’– °æ¤Ææh鬩’ Å´·tû√úø’).

★ Kumar sells books (èπ◊´÷®˝ °æ¤Ææh-鬩’Å´·tû√úø’)

★ Kumar sells books (èπ◊´÷®˝ °æ¤Ææh-鬩’ Å´·t-û√úø’ – ÉçÍéüÓ îËߪ’úø’)Å™«Íí Questions ™ èπÿú≈.

★ Who will do this? (ÉüÁ-´®Ω’ îË≤ƒh®Ω’ – ´’†çûÁ©’-Ææ’-éÓ-¢√-©-†’-èπ◊-ØËC, á´®Ω’? – Åçü¿’-éπE Thestress is on 'who').

★ Who will do this? (ÉüÁ-´®Ω’ îË≤ƒh®Ω’?) (Ééπ\úø´’†èπ◊ ´·êuç, Ñ °æEE (á´®Ω’ îË≤ƒh®Ω’?) ÅCÆæÍ®, ؈’ îË≤ƒh†’, ÉüÁ-´®Ω’ îË≤ƒh®Ω’ ÅE).É™« éÌEo N≠æ-ߪ÷-©èπ◊ v§ƒ´·êuç É´y-ú≈-EéÀ

éÌEo-éÌEo °æüΔ-©†’ ¢√úøû√ç English ™. Å¢ËçöéÀçü¿ îª÷úøçúÕ.Compare: a) Who told you so? (FÈé-´®Ω’

îÁ§ƒp®Ω’ Å™«?)

b) Whoever told you so? á´-®ΩC Fèπ◊ îÁ°œpçC?– éÓ°æçûÓ í¬F, NÆæ’-í∫’ûÓ é¬F, îÁ°œpç-üÁ-´®Ó ûÁ©’-Ææ’-èπ◊-ØËç-ü¿’èπ◊, Whoever Åçö«ç, who •ü¿’©’.

ÉC πÿú≈ îª÷úøçúÕ:a) He does anything badly (àüÁjØ√ ÆæJí¬ îËߪ’-

úø-ûªúø’)b) Whatever he does, he does badly Åûª-úËC

îËÆœØ√, ÆæJí¬ îËߪ’úø’ – ÉC NÆæ’-í∫’ûÓ/ éÓ°æçûÓņúøç.É™«ç-öÀN ´’† Spoken English ™ ¶μ«í∫-¢Á’i

§Ú®· ¢√úø’éπí¬ ´÷ö«x-úË-ߪ÷L. Å°æ¤púË ´’†Spoken English ¶«í∫’ç-ô’çC.

Spoken English ™ ´’†ç Åúø-í¬-©-†’-èπ◊†o, îÁ§ƒp-©-†’-èπ◊†o¢√öÀéÀ áèπ◊\´ v§ƒüμΔ†uç É*a, N’í∫û√ ¢√öÀéÀ ûªèπ◊\´ v§ƒüμΔ†uç

É´y-ú≈-EéÀ, sentence ™E éÌEo ´÷ô-©†’ ØÌéÀ\ °æ©’-èπ◊û√ç, Éûª®Ω´÷ô-©†’ ´÷´‚-©’í¬ °æ©’-èπ◊û√ç. Å™« ØÌéÀ\ °æ©-éπ-ú≈Eo,

ûªèπ◊\-´- ¨¡-éÀhûÓ °æ©-éπ-ú≈Eo Intonation Åçö«®Ω’.

Spoken English - §ƒ-ûª - ¢√u≤ƒ-© éÓÆæç -éÀxé˙ -îË-ߪ’ç-úÕ... www.eenadupratibha.net

Naveen Chopra, Rajole.1. Often he walked/ He walked quite often -

Explain.A: Often he walked = He walked on a number

of occasions/ a number of times.He walked quite often = He walked very

often. Quite often is more often than often(Quite often = more number of times than'often') indicates.2. Your advice is to read English News papers,

stories, novels, etc. If we go on readingthem, we will be used to pronounce theEnglish words in Indian style as we can'tpronounce every word in a Phonetic mannerfor example: Original – äJ->-†™¸, Olympiad- äLç-°œ-ߪ÷ú˛, Police - §ÚMÆˇ, - These are pro-nounced in the above manner - How canthis problem be overcome?

A: Understanding the meaning and use of aword is the first step. Pronunciation comesnext, doesn't it? Once you clear the firststep, you can go to the next step.

You can improve your pronunciation by lis-tening to English news telecasts. There areEnglish pronunciation CDs too. Listen to themtoo. They are available in book shops.3. You hardly ever have to remind him - Say in

Telugu.A: You need not remind him.

Hardly = (almost) no. (üΔüΔ°æ¤ ™‰ü¿’).He hardly comes here = Åûª-úÕ-éπ\-úÕéÀ ®√úø’.

Khan, Nellore.1. He is used to have raw food/ He gets

used to have raw food - Say the dif-ference.

A: He is used to have raw food/ He getsused to have raw food - Both the sen-tences are wrong.

The correct sentences: He is usedto having (1)/ He gets used tohaving raw food (2).

Be used to/ get used to = Havingexperience of something, and sonot feel new about it/ Having thehabit of/ practice of.

He is used to walking long distances = Hehas the experience/ Practice of walking longdistances.

'Be used to' is always followed by a nounor an '-ing' form and never by the 1st DW(take/ go/ sing, etc).a) He is used to the heat of Vijayawada (The

heat of Vijayawada is not new to him - heat(noun).

b) She is used to speaking in public. (She hasthe experience of speaking in public, so 'itis not new to her) 'Speaking' - 'ing' form.

Correct form of your sentences: He is usedto having raw food/ He is used to raw food(noun) = Raw food, he has taken for a longtime, and it is not new to him).

Instead of 'be used to' we can use 'get usedto' as well.

He gets used to raw food/ toeating raw food = He will havethe experience of eating rawfood.2. He did use to get his lorry

repaired - Say if the above oneis used in Spoken English and

also say the question form ofthe above sentence.A: Used. Did he use to get

his lorry repaired? -Question.

Note difference between'used to' and 'be used to'.Used to = repeated action in the past.We used to meet everyday - A repeated pastaction - éπ©’-Ææ’-èπ◊ØË ¢√∞¡xç.'Used to' is followed by 1st DW.'Be used to' (Be = any 'be' form) is always fol-lowed by a noun or an 'ing' form (See exam-ples above).3. üÁ•s©’ Açô÷ Åéπ\úË áçü¿’èπ◊ ÖØ√o®Ω’? – Say

in English.A: Why are you there, even after receiving

blows?4. Have you got me - Say in Telugu. A: ††o®Ωnç îËÆæ’-èπ◊-Ø√o®√?/ ؈’ îÁ°œpçC Å®Ωnç

Å®·uçüΔ?5. Ç book *J-T-§Úûª÷ ÖçC (Åçõ‰ *J-T-§ÚßË’

ü¿¨¡™ ÖçC) – Say in English.A: The book is getting torn.6. Being there, he was happy/ Having been

there, he was happy - which is correct ?A: Being there he was happy = Åéπ\-úø’-†oç-ü¿’èπ◊/

Ö†oç-ü¿’-´©x Åûªúø’ ÆæçûÓ-≠æçí¬ ÖØ√oúø’.Having been there, he was happy = éÌçûª-é¬-©çí¬Åéπ\-úø’-†oç-ü¿’-´©x/ Öçúø-ôçûÓ Åûªúø’ ÆæçûÓ-≠æçí¬ÖØ√oúø’.

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M. SURESAN

Akhilesh, Warrangal.1. i) Maintain/ manage, (ii) Rotate/ revolve

- Say the difference among the above.A: The correct way of putting the question is:

What is the difference between the pairs ofwords above?

i) Manage = to direct/ control - when youmanage a business/ manage an institution,you are in control of it/ you decide how itshould be run, and who are to be appointedto work there.

Maintain = to continue something in the sameway - when you maintain a company/ insti-tution, you make it continue in the sameway as it has been before - §ƒúø-´-èπ◊çú≈ Ö†oCÖ†oô’d îËߪ’úøç.

You don't make any changes/ try to improveit/ take important decisions to change it.'Maintain' has other meanings too, whichhave no connection with 'manage'.

ii) Rotate = a thing turning around itself(about a central point in it).

The earth rotates (around itself) = The earth

turns around itself (ûª† ô÷d û√†’ A®Ω-í∫úøç).Revolve = move in a circle around some

object. The earth revolves around the sun.

2. Let me know the following with examples.1) Stress 2) Rising mark 3) Falling mark4) Rhythm 5) Rhyme.

A: Stress - An extra force with which we pro-nounce one or more syllables in a word.(Syllable = an independent sound in a word- usually containing a vowel sound.

eg: Separate - pronouncedsepr t (ÂÆv°æö¸) – two syllables: sep and r t.In this word, 'sep' is stressed - that is, we pro-nounce 'sep' with greater force than 'r t'.Rising mark and falling mark- In a sentence,

we utter some words with greater force thanother words. If the force is on the first wordsand the other words with less force then it is'falling intonation/ falling mark! On the otherhand, if the latter parts of a sentence areuttered with greater force than the earlier part,we have 'rising mark/ intonation'.eg: Where are you going? - Suppose you ask

this question, if you wish to know theplace somebody is going to, you stress'where' more than the other words in thesentence, there is falling intonation.Suppose you want to know where some-body is going, then you stress 'you' morethan the other words before it. This is ris-ing intonation.

Where are you going? (Where- spoken withmore force on 'where' than on the other words- falling mark.)Where are you going? (you- The speaker isinterested more in 'you' than on other things -rising mark/ intonation).Rhythm = Best/ Strong regular pattern ofsound.Twinkle, twinkle, little star - When you saythis line aloud, you find some regular patternof sound - like: tuk, tuk, tuk, tuck, this isrhythm. (ûÁ©’í∫’ – û√∞¡ç)Rhyme: Two words ending in the same sound- Star - are, sky - high (only pronunciation).

We used to meet everyday!M.K. Rao, Visakhapatnam.

Q: Originally a ballad was a song with astrong narrative substance sung to theaccompaniment of dancing. The minstrelor the bard 'would' sing the main parts, andthe dancers 'would' sing the refrain or cer-tain lines which were frequently repeated.Often it was in the form of a dialogue.Thus the popular ballad had a strong dra-matic element, the audience were notmerely passive listeners, they danced andsang along with the bard. There was thus astrong sense of participation. °j paragraph ™ È®çúø’ ¢√ué¬u™x 'would'

Ö°æ-ßÁ÷-Tç-î√®Ω’. ûª®√yA ¢√ué¬u™x Simple Past¢√ú≈®Ω’. ´·êuçí¬ 'danced' and 'sang' ÅESimple Past use î˨»®Ω’.'would' ≤ƒn†ç™ SimplePast use îËߪ’èπÿúøüΔ? ™‰üΔ Simple Past ≤ƒn†ç™would use îËߪ’-èπÿ-úøüΔ? Ééπ\úø apply îËÆœ†'rule' àN’ö N´-Jç-îªçúÕ.A: 'Would' in sentences like these indicates a

regular/ repeated past action. It is theequivalent of 'used to'.

Ballad originally, as you are aware, was oral.The minstrel or the bard (The singer or thepoet) would sing the refrain = He used tosing the refrain.They danced/ They would dance, both meana repeated/ regular action in the past.Those days, he would get up at 5 in themorning and go for a walk = He used to getup at..In this sense, would get up = got up = used toget up.You can say, 'He went out for walk everymorning.would + 1st DW = PDW (Simple past)If you still have a doubt, feel free to write.

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Whoever told you so?